samira ghobadzadeh | Tarbiat Modares University (original) (raw)
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Papers by samira ghobadzadeh
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
To find a stable bilirubin biosensor we used of catalase and Zns nanoparticles (Nps); the detecti... more To find a stable bilirubin biosensor we used of catalase and Zns nanoparticles (Nps); the detection of bilirubin in this research designed on Bioelectrochemical measurement cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. ZnS Nanoparticles synthesized and investigated by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible (UV-VIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The redox peaks studied in the range of +0.5 to −0.5 V and formal potential (E o) calculated as 40 mv; also ΔEp =70 mV. In this research the anodic peak current of showed a linear relationship for different concentrations of bilirubin in the range of 3 to 50 μM. The linear equation was expressed as ipa (μA) =-0.1417-0.3661(μM) (R 2 = 0.9885) with a detection limit of 2 μM for this research. The optimum pH effect was 7.0 and maximum temperature response was around 25 °C. Interference agents not showed a significant effect on this bilirubin biosensor.
Research in Medicine, 2019
Background: Air pollution is one of the main causes of escalating allergies, especially in childr... more Background: Air pollution is one of the main causes of escalating allergies, especially in children. Genetic factors, along with environmental factors, affect the development and maturity of the immune system during the fetal period in the uterus and the early stages of life. Regulatory T cells play an essential role in maintaining the balance for the immune system when exposed to environmental pollutants. Methods: Cord blood sampling was performed on 10 neonates born from mothers living in pollutant areas of Tehran and 10 neonates born from mothers living in Damavand city. Cord Blood Monomorphonuclear Cells were separated via density gradient centrifugation. Flow cytometric staining of CD4, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 cell markers, as well as intracellular staining of regulatory T cell cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1 were performed. Isolation and purification of CD4 +, CD25 + Tcells with MACS were done and culture of regulatory T cells in the presence of anti-CD3/CD28 coated beads in 1/1 bead-to-cell ratio were performed. T-cell suppression assay was evaluated through Measurement of Teff proliferation. Results: In the present study, the percentages of T-regulatory IL-10 + and TGF-b1 + in infants born in clean air regions were higher than those in contaminated air. The T-cell suppressory function in in vitro Teff / Treg ratio (1. 1) was significantly lower in infants born in airborne contamination than in newborns born in clean air. The rate of proliferation of Treg cells in the presence of IL-2 and anti-CD3 / CD28 mice was higher in two-week cultures in newborns born in clean air than those born in contaminated air. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the contractile function of T cells in umbilical cord blood in newborns born of mothers living in infected areas of Tehran was lower than those born to mothers living in Damavand. Overall, the chronic exposure of mothers to airborne particulate matter before pregnancy and during pregnancy may reduce the function of the regulatory T cells and increase the risk of an increased allergy to newborns throughout life.
Journal of Biology and Today's World, 2016
" The significant increase of deaths due to myocardial infarction (MI) is directly related t... more " The significant increase of deaths due to myocardial infarction (MI) is directly related to lifestyle and the increase of the level of its risk factors. The efforts of researchers have recently focused on finding ways to prevent and reduce the damages occurred after the occurrence of MI. Currently, the focus on measuring cardiac biomarkers has an important role in early diagnosis and prevention of irreparable damages of cardiac myocard. This study has explored the cardiac biomarkers troponin I (TnI) and troponin T (TnT) in terms of structures and their important role in MI. Also, the importance of measuring troponin, measurement methods and a comparison among different measurement methods are pointed out. Finally, the new methods and approaches for measuring and comparing new measurement methods, their advantages and properties are mentioned."
Journal of Biology and Today's World, 2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cancer is a lethal cancer and early diagnosis of HCC is very impor... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cancer is a lethal cancer and early diagnosis of HCC is very important for improving the survival rate of patients. Measurement of Alfa-Fetoprotein (AFP) in combination with iconography and liver biopsy are commonly used in the diagnosis of liver cancer as well as HCC. Despite the wide use of AFP in HCC diagnosis and introducing this tumor marker as the gold standard biomarker for HCC detection, the specificity and sensitivity of AFP used in screening for HCC is very controversial. In recent years, along with development of molecular biology and extensive research about ethnology of cancers and simultaneously advances in technology, researchers identified new tumor markers in this disease. In the latest researches various biomarkers including embryonic antigen, protein antigens, cytokines, enzymes and isoenzymes and related genes for effective early diagnosis and monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma are introduced. In this review, a summary of the data of various studies that discuss new tumor markers involved in hepatocellular carcinoma and classification of these biomarkers was investigated.
Journal of Biology and Today's World, 2015
In this study, carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) ... more In this study, carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and catalase enzyme (CAT). The modified electrode was used for determination of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). The SWNT was synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) of methane on the Fe/Co/MgO catalyst and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. The best experimental condition could result in carbon yield of 250% and high quality SWNTs with the controlled diameter of 0.9-2.7 nm and length 5-30m and purity more than 90% and less than 3% amorphous carbon were obtained. Direct electrochemistry of catalase enzyme in CPE was easily obtained and a reversible pair of peaks, that are similar, were appeared from Fe (ΙΙ) and Fe (ΙΙΙ) with the formal potential (E ) about +0.045 volts. This electrochemical process occurred in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at PH=7. The designed sensor with high sensitivity and short response time (less than 8 second), and in the linearity of 3 to 370 M can be used to determine the concentration of H 2 O 2. Moreover, this sensor has a very good stability.
Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2014
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with neurological signs and chronic ... more Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with neurological signs and chronic inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS has been thought as Th1 (T helper) and Th17 cells mediated disease, but cells of the innate immune system play an important role both in the initiation and progression of MS. The invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are the unique innate lymphocytes subtype involved in inflammation and autoimmune disorders and secretes cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4 and IL-13. A reduction in number or defect in function of iNKT cells has been associated with an increased prevalence of autoimmune disorders indicating that iNKT cells have an immune-regulatory role in autoimmune disorders. Also, the protective role of iNKT cells has been extensively studied in EAE and the results of these studies show that iNKT cells might be a target for therapeutic purposes, but needs more extensive studies of their biology. In this review, we will attempt to show the protective role of iNKT cells in the pathogenesis of EAE and human disease.
Medical Oncology, 2013
Ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Screening of the disease is do... more Ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Screening of the disease is done using variety of biomarkers. Diagnostic performance of current biomarkers of the disease such as human epididymis protein (HE4) and CA125 shows contradiction in previous studies. The goal of this study was to evaluate serum levels of CA125 and HE4 in Iranian patients with ovarian cancer and compare specificity and sensitivity of HE4, CA125 and HE4 + CA125 in patients with different stages and diverse histology. To evaluate CA125 and HE4, 32 patients and 34 healthy women were selected. Origin of ovarian cancer was verified by expert gynecological oncologist. Significance and diagnostic performance were determined by ANOVA and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) and areas under the curve (AUC), respectively. Serum levels of CA125 and HE4 were significantly increased in patients in comparison with control group, especially for tumor cells originated from epithelium (p < 0.001). ROC-AUC for HE4, CA125 and HE4 + CA125 were 0.91, 0.86 and 0.91, respectively. Specificity of HE4 was more than CA125 (85 vs. 80 %). Conversely, sensitivity of CA125 was higher in comparison with HE4 (90 vs. 80 %). It is being noticed that cutoff point of HE4 and CA125 was 150 pmol/L and 38 U/mL, respectively. HE4 is slightly more specific for diagnosis of early stages of the disease, but the difference is not remarkable. CA125 and HE4 + CA125 have some diagnostic performance for prediction of advanced stages. Generally, the data of present study suggest that combining of HE4 and CA125 is a better screening tool for diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
To find a stable bilirubin biosensor we used of catalase and Zns nanoparticles (Nps); the detecti... more To find a stable bilirubin biosensor we used of catalase and Zns nanoparticles (Nps); the detection of bilirubin in this research designed on Bioelectrochemical measurement cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. ZnS Nanoparticles synthesized and investigated by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible (UV-VIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The redox peaks studied in the range of +0.5 to −0.5 V and formal potential (E o) calculated as 40 mv; also ΔEp =70 mV. In this research the anodic peak current of showed a linear relationship for different concentrations of bilirubin in the range of 3 to 50 μM. The linear equation was expressed as ipa (μA) =-0.1417-0.3661(μM) (R 2 = 0.9885) with a detection limit of 2 μM for this research. The optimum pH effect was 7.0 and maximum temperature response was around 25 °C. Interference agents not showed a significant effect on this bilirubin biosensor.
Research in Medicine, 2019
Background: Air pollution is one of the main causes of escalating allergies, especially in childr... more Background: Air pollution is one of the main causes of escalating allergies, especially in children. Genetic factors, along with environmental factors, affect the development and maturity of the immune system during the fetal period in the uterus and the early stages of life. Regulatory T cells play an essential role in maintaining the balance for the immune system when exposed to environmental pollutants. Methods: Cord blood sampling was performed on 10 neonates born from mothers living in pollutant areas of Tehran and 10 neonates born from mothers living in Damavand city. Cord Blood Monomorphonuclear Cells were separated via density gradient centrifugation. Flow cytometric staining of CD4, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 cell markers, as well as intracellular staining of regulatory T cell cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1 were performed. Isolation and purification of CD4 +, CD25 + Tcells with MACS were done and culture of regulatory T cells in the presence of anti-CD3/CD28 coated beads in 1/1 bead-to-cell ratio were performed. T-cell suppression assay was evaluated through Measurement of Teff proliferation. Results: In the present study, the percentages of T-regulatory IL-10 + and TGF-b1 + in infants born in clean air regions were higher than those in contaminated air. The T-cell suppressory function in in vitro Teff / Treg ratio (1. 1) was significantly lower in infants born in airborne contamination than in newborns born in clean air. The rate of proliferation of Treg cells in the presence of IL-2 and anti-CD3 / CD28 mice was higher in two-week cultures in newborns born in clean air than those born in contaminated air. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the contractile function of T cells in umbilical cord blood in newborns born of mothers living in infected areas of Tehran was lower than those born to mothers living in Damavand. Overall, the chronic exposure of mothers to airborne particulate matter before pregnancy and during pregnancy may reduce the function of the regulatory T cells and increase the risk of an increased allergy to newborns throughout life.
Journal of Biology and Today's World, 2016
" The significant increase of deaths due to myocardial infarction (MI) is directly related t... more " The significant increase of deaths due to myocardial infarction (MI) is directly related to lifestyle and the increase of the level of its risk factors. The efforts of researchers have recently focused on finding ways to prevent and reduce the damages occurred after the occurrence of MI. Currently, the focus on measuring cardiac biomarkers has an important role in early diagnosis and prevention of irreparable damages of cardiac myocard. This study has explored the cardiac biomarkers troponin I (TnI) and troponin T (TnT) in terms of structures and their important role in MI. Also, the importance of measuring troponin, measurement methods and a comparison among different measurement methods are pointed out. Finally, the new methods and approaches for measuring and comparing new measurement methods, their advantages and properties are mentioned."
Journal of Biology and Today's World, 2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cancer is a lethal cancer and early diagnosis of HCC is very impor... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cancer is a lethal cancer and early diagnosis of HCC is very important for improving the survival rate of patients. Measurement of Alfa-Fetoprotein (AFP) in combination with iconography and liver biopsy are commonly used in the diagnosis of liver cancer as well as HCC. Despite the wide use of AFP in HCC diagnosis and introducing this tumor marker as the gold standard biomarker for HCC detection, the specificity and sensitivity of AFP used in screening for HCC is very controversial. In recent years, along with development of molecular biology and extensive research about ethnology of cancers and simultaneously advances in technology, researchers identified new tumor markers in this disease. In the latest researches various biomarkers including embryonic antigen, protein antigens, cytokines, enzymes and isoenzymes and related genes for effective early diagnosis and monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma are introduced. In this review, a summary of the data of various studies that discuss new tumor markers involved in hepatocellular carcinoma and classification of these biomarkers was investigated.
Journal of Biology and Today's World, 2015
In this study, carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) ... more In this study, carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and catalase enzyme (CAT). The modified electrode was used for determination of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). The SWNT was synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) of methane on the Fe/Co/MgO catalyst and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. The best experimental condition could result in carbon yield of 250% and high quality SWNTs with the controlled diameter of 0.9-2.7 nm and length 5-30m and purity more than 90% and less than 3% amorphous carbon were obtained. Direct electrochemistry of catalase enzyme in CPE was easily obtained and a reversible pair of peaks, that are similar, were appeared from Fe (ΙΙ) and Fe (ΙΙΙ) with the formal potential (E ) about +0.045 volts. This electrochemical process occurred in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at PH=7. The designed sensor with high sensitivity and short response time (less than 8 second), and in the linearity of 3 to 370 M can be used to determine the concentration of H 2 O 2. Moreover, this sensor has a very good stability.
Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2014
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with neurological signs and chronic ... more Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with neurological signs and chronic inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS has been thought as Th1 (T helper) and Th17 cells mediated disease, but cells of the innate immune system play an important role both in the initiation and progression of MS. The invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells are the unique innate lymphocytes subtype involved in inflammation and autoimmune disorders and secretes cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4 and IL-13. A reduction in number or defect in function of iNKT cells has been associated with an increased prevalence of autoimmune disorders indicating that iNKT cells have an immune-regulatory role in autoimmune disorders. Also, the protective role of iNKT cells has been extensively studied in EAE and the results of these studies show that iNKT cells might be a target for therapeutic purposes, but needs more extensive studies of their biology. In this review, we will attempt to show the protective role of iNKT cells in the pathogenesis of EAE and human disease.
Medical Oncology, 2013
Ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Screening of the disease is do... more Ovarian cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Screening of the disease is done using variety of biomarkers. Diagnostic performance of current biomarkers of the disease such as human epididymis protein (HE4) and CA125 shows contradiction in previous studies. The goal of this study was to evaluate serum levels of CA125 and HE4 in Iranian patients with ovarian cancer and compare specificity and sensitivity of HE4, CA125 and HE4 + CA125 in patients with different stages and diverse histology. To evaluate CA125 and HE4, 32 patients and 34 healthy women were selected. Origin of ovarian cancer was verified by expert gynecological oncologist. Significance and diagnostic performance were determined by ANOVA and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) and areas under the curve (AUC), respectively. Serum levels of CA125 and HE4 were significantly increased in patients in comparison with control group, especially for tumor cells originated from epithelium (p < 0.001). ROC-AUC for HE4, CA125 and HE4 + CA125 were 0.91, 0.86 and 0.91, respectively. Specificity of HE4 was more than CA125 (85 vs. 80 %). Conversely, sensitivity of CA125 was higher in comparison with HE4 (90 vs. 80 %). It is being noticed that cutoff point of HE4 and CA125 was 150 pmol/L and 38 U/mL, respectively. HE4 is slightly more specific for diagnosis of early stages of the disease, but the difference is not remarkable. CA125 and HE4 + CA125 have some diagnostic performance for prediction of advanced stages. Generally, the data of present study suggest that combining of HE4 and CA125 is a better screening tool for diagnosis of ovarian cancer.