Alexander Akopyan | Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (original) (raw)
/ New Articles by Alexander Akopyan
![Research paper thumbnail of Монета на вещи: нумизматический анализ четырех армянских украшений из собрания Российского этнографического музея [Coin on Items: A Numismatic Analysis of Four Armenian Jewelry from the Collection of the Russian Ethnographic Museum (in Russian)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119336265/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Herald of the Daghestan Scientific Center, 2024
The article deals with the discussion on four Armenian women’s adornments with coins stored in th... more The article deals with the discussion on four Armenian women’s adornments with coins stored in the Russian Ethnographic Museum (REM) (collections of 1915 from the Armenian village of Kaybali-shen). The complex composition of coins presented on the frontlet REM 3518-21, made between 1718 and 1847, correlates with the synchronous hoards from Eastern Armenia and Shirwan with a significant portion of old coins (the so-called ‘anchor group’). The obverse/reverse orientation of the coins on this frontlet is random because by the time of its fabrication the legends on the old coins had already been barely understood, whereas Russian coins had not been common enough yet. But on the later jewelry from the 1860s, containing only Russian coins (frontlet REM 3518-28, pectorals REM 3518-18 and REM 3518-31), those are oriented by the heraldic eagle facing the viewers, which indicates that the manufacturers were clearly aware of the distinction between coin sides. The article concerns the role of head and breast adornments with coins in the local tradition and analyzes their numismatic component. The comparison of the coins on the jewelry with the simultaneous coin hoards enables to specify the region of origin of the former. Particular attention is paid to the explanation of the strategy of choice as to which coin side to be displayed, being demonstrative on adornments and reflecting the cultural preferences.
![Research paper thumbnail of Нумизматика Восточной Армении (1747–1828) [Numismatics of Eastern Armenia (1747–1828), in Russian] (Content & Summary)](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117158484/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Yerevan: Russian-Armenian University, 2023
ISBN 978-9939-67-309-7 The work carries out a comprehensive study of the coinage and money circu... more ISBN 978-9939-67-309-7
The work carries out a comprehensive study of the coinage and money circulation in the Khānates of Ganja, Shūshī, Īravān and Nakhjavān during the period 1747–1828, which yields extremely important information for reconstructing the political and economic history of the region. In the course of the study, numismatic sources (coins, their finds, and hoards) related to the region under study were identified and published, with attribution of the coins, their comparative analysis, classification and cataloging (for the Catalog of the coin types, see Chapter 6; Translations of coin inscriptions see in Chapter 7, and a chronologically arranged List of Hoards and Coin Finds see in Chapter 8). The work revealed the mosaic development of the coinage in each of the four studied khānates of Eastern Armenia, reflecting their varying levels of independence.
Journal of Persianate Studies
The aim of the work is to identify explanations for the lengthy circulation of Safavid coins bear... more The aim of the work is to identify explanations for the lengthy circulation of Safavid coins bearing the central inscription, “ʿAli is the friend of God (ʿAli vali Allāh),” from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. Studying the coins from the period and the hoards in which they were found, alongside historical narratives, ethnographic information, and religious texts, sheds light on their meaning and reception in their Shiʿi environment. The special attitude towards these coins accounts for the widespread imitation of these coins, which came to dominate Iranian markets during this period, as predicted by Gresham’s law of “bad money.”
INC Survey of Numismatic Research 2014-2020, Warsaw-Krakow-Winterthur, 2022
The most up-to-date list of relevant numismatic publications dealing with the Islamic coinage (7t... more The most up-to-date list of relevant numismatic publications dealing with the Islamic coinage (7th - 19th centuries CE).
/ Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the IOS RAS by Alexander Akopyan
26th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studi... more 26th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
On November 23, 2024 at 11:00 (MSK) A. V. Akopyan from the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences will give a report “Dinar. History of the concept, history of the coin" (in Russian)
25th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studi... more 25th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
On April 28, 2024 (Sunday!) at 11:00 (MSK) A. I. Bugarchev from the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan) will give a report “On the metrology of copper coins of Sarāy, Sarāy al-Jadīdah and Gulistān in the 14th century " (in Russian)
The seminar will be hosted on the Zoom.
/ Sassanids by Alexander Akopyan
Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина Институт археологии Российской ... more Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина Институт археологии Российской академии наук НУМИЗМАТИКА И ЭПИГРАФИКА, ТОМ XVIII ______________________________________________________________________ А.В. Акопян НОВОЕ В ГРУЗИНО-САСАНИДСКОЙ НУМИЗМАТИКЕ: ВТОРОЙ ИЗВЕСТНЫЙ ТИП МОНЕТ ГУРГЕНА I 1
/ Caliphate, Byzantium, Christian Caucasus by Alexander Akopyan
Восток (Oriens), 2022
Compendium of two parts of article. Pt. I: This article concerns the dating of the Caucasian A... more Compendium of two parts of article.
Pt. I: This article concerns the dating of the Caucasian Albanian palimpsest (Gospel of John) on the basis of a refined interpretation of the monetary term **zaizowzńa. In the first part of paper the etymology of the word **zaizowzńa, that derived from the Sasanian monetary term zūzā ‘dirham’ is offered and justified. The Albanian umbrella term **zaizowzńa indicated a general concept of a ‘zuza-like (coin)’, which unified wide range of various imitations of Hormizd IV’s silver coins (or ZWZWN, as they named in Pahlavi on coins), struck in the end of the 6th century after defeating of Varhrān Čōbīn in 592 as payment to the Byzantine army, as well as typologically close to them pre-reform Islamic coins of the Sasanian type struck in the 7th – beginning of 8th centuries (so-called Arab-Sasanian coins). In the Caucasian Albanian Gospel of John the word **zaizowzńa was used to translate the Greek δηναρίων, but in the corresponding places of Armenian or Georgian translations were used another words — dahekan/drahkani, denar or satiri/statiri (etymology of these words also discussed and shown that they are not related to Sasanian zūzā). Thus, the use of a special term for Greek δηναρίων is not associated with the established translation tradition and unequivocally indicates its local, Caucasian Albanian origin. The period of time when **zaizowzńa coins were used in the Transcaucasia is outlined, and it is shown that the Sinai edition of the Albanian Gospel of John was completed between the beginning of the 6th century and the beginning of the 10th century.
Pt. II: The second part of the article continues the study of question of the the time and place of the creation of the Caucasian Albanian palimpsest (Gospel of John) on the basis of a refined interpretation of the monetary term **zaizowzńa (which was done in the first part of the article). Based on the conclusions of the first part that word **zaizowzńa used as generalized name for Sasanian-type silver coins, the second part of the article studies distribution of these coins in the South Caucasus. Hoards with such coins were analyzed and the geographically compact area with their highest concentration, where the coins designated by the term **zaizowzńa have been in circulation for the longest time is determined. The identified region coincides with the Kingdom of Heretʽi (late 8th – early 11th centuries), located in the upper part of the Alazani valley. On the basis of numismatic mapping of hoards with **zaizowzńa and their single finds, the borders of the Kingdom of Heretʽi (different from the limits of ancient Lpinia-Heretʽi in the broad sense) were clarified, and its subregions were determined. Based on the analysis of the meaning of the Gospel termin **zaizowzńa, the analysis of the area and time of circulation of these coins, it is concluded that the Albanian palimpsest could have been created in the Kingdom of Heretʽi, where **zaizowzńa remained in circulation until the end of the 9th century, and until the first half of the 11th century the Armenian Christianity prevailed (which was followed by the Caucasian Albanians, who used the liturgic Caucasian Albanian language).
![Research paper thumbnail of Новый тип монет Шавура Шаддадида [New Type of Coin of Shawur Shaddadid; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75264283/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2021 года, 2021
Printed version of the draft: "Coin of Shawur b. al-Fadl Shaddadid, Equestrian Type (Short Report... more Printed version of the draft: "Coin of Shawur b. al-Fadl Shaddadid, Equestrian Type (Short Report, 04.04.2021)"
Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 2010
Akopyan A., Mosanef F. To the earliest coins struck at Ardabīl in the Islamic period // Journal o... more Akopyan A., Mosanef F. To the earliest coins struck at Ardabīl in the Islamic period // Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 203 (2010). P. 6–8.
Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 2006
Akopyan A., Vardanyan A. Muhammad ibn Ahmad – a new governor on a dirham minted in Arminīya in 33... more Akopyan A., Vardanyan A. Muhammad ibn Ahmad – a new governor on a dirham minted in Arminīya in 331 AH // Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 187 (2006). P. 11–13.
![Research paper thumbnail of Двинские фоллисы с изображением Христа и взаимоотношения города с Византией в 1049–1053 гг. [Folles of Dvin with Christ’s Bust and Relations of the City with Byzantium in 1049–1053; in Russ.]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60278465/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Византийский временник, 2018
В статье анализируется серия медных монет византийского типа, найденных за последние несколько ле... more В статье анализируется серия медных монет византийского типа, найденных за последние несколько лет на территории Армении и приграничных районов Грузии. Приведено чтение надписей на этих монетах, реконструирована хронология их выпусков. Обосновывается локализация чеканки этих монет в Двине в промежуток между занятием города византийцами в 1049 г. и началом правления Искандара ибн Шавура Шаддадида в 1053 г. Анонимность монет, а также разнообразие иконографических и текстологических искажений на них исключают возможность их выпуска при непосредственном участии византийской администрации, что заставляет видеть в их эмитенте самостоятельно действовавший совет старейшин Двина.
A series of the copper coins of Byzantine type, unearthed during last years on the territory of Armenia and near-border regions of Georgia, is analyzed in the article. Their description and reading of the monetary legend was done, and the chronology of their issue was reconstructed. As a result, the minting of such coins in Dvin between the Byzantine capture in 1049 and enthroning of Iskandar b. Shawur in 1053 was proved. A diversity of iconographical and textual distortions on the discussed copper coins excludes the possibility of their issue under Byzantine control. Instead, it is more likely that such issues represented a local phenomenon. They appeared with the approval of the Council of Dvin which consisted of the city’s noblemen and military elite.
Speech for the Second International Conference on Islamic Numismatics State Hermitage, St. Peters... more Speech for the Second International Conference on Islamic Numismatics
State Hermitage, St. Petersbourg, 26.09.2016 - 30.09.2016
![Research paper thumbnail of Денежное обращение в армянских государствах эпохи Багратидов (750–1064 гг.) [Monetary Circulation in the Armenian States of Bagratid Epoch, 750-1064; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/46500663/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея, 2015
А. В. Акопян. Денежное обращение в армянских государствах эпохи Багратидов (750–1064 гг.) // Нуми... more А. В. Акопян. Денежное обращение в армянских государствах эпохи Багратидов (750–1064 гг.) // Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2015 года. Москва, 30 ноября – 1 декабря 2015 г. Материалы докладов и сообщений. Памяти Нины Андреевны Фроловой (24.01.1936 – 20.10.2015). Москва,
2015. С. 56-60.
![Research paper thumbnail of Двин в XI-XII вв. История города в свете нового нумизматического материала (Dvin in the eleventh and twelth centuries. City history in the light of new numismatic materials) [in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37566861/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](The paper studies coins unearthed in 2010-13 in the village Nerk‘in Dvin, on the site of medieval... more The paper studies coins unearthed in 2010-13 in the village Nerk‘in Dvin, on the site of medieval settlement Dvin. All types of the unearthed coins had been unknown before. They specify the city’s history of the eleventh and twelfth centuries, the less investigated period in the history of Dvin. Years and mintnames on all coins were unspecified or missing, however there are no doubts in their local (Dvin) origin because of the localisation of the finds and the absence of these coins in other places. Unfortunately, the years of issue of the discussed coins can be given only approximately.
After the last Kufic dirham of Dvin/Dabīl of 322 AH / AD 944, coins started being struck here by Shāwur b. Fadl I Shaddādid (413-41 AH / AD 1022–50; types 1–6). Apparently after Shāwur, when Dvin fell under the Byzantine rule, coins were struck here with full-face bust of Christ (441–45 AH / AD 1049-53; type 7). Next coins belong to Abū Nasr Iskandar b. Shāwur Shaddādid (445 AH / AD 1053 – 465 AH / AD 1073 or earlier; types 8, 9). Following them are anonymous coins (with the inscription "min Allāh" ‘from Allah’, types 10–12) that apparently were struck by the city council (glxawork‘ k‘ałak‘i).
In 1063 Dvin was conquered by Seljūqs. Possibly Abū Nasr Iskandar continued his rule, but coins were struck in the names of Seljuq sultan Malik Shāh I (465–85 AH / AD 1072-92; types 13, 14) and later in the name of amīr Arslān-Tegīn and Seljuq prince Dāʾūd b. Muhammad (before 485 AH / AD 1092; type 15). Apparently next coins are of some amīr Nasr (=Abū Nasr Iskandar Shaddādid?, of 485–95 AH / AD 1092–1105?; type 16). Later coins were struck in the name of sultan Muhammad (apparently struck by local ruler Qïzïl Arslān in 498–511 AH / AD 1105–18; type 17). Next coins bear names of atābek Ayāz Tughrïltigīn and prince Dāʾūd (511–15 AH / AD 1118–21; type 18). No coins are known from the following period, and they were renewed by Fahr al-Dīn Arslān Toghmïsh Akhdabid (539 AH / AD 1144 — before 556 AH / AD 1161; type 19). Between 548 AH / AD 1153 and 555 AH / AD 1160 ʿIzz al-Dīn Saltuq II, amīr of Arzarūm, conquered Dvin and struck here coins with the cross on the reverce (type 20). Later, before the final conquest of Dvin by Shams al-Dīn Eldigüz, anonymous coins were struck in the city possibly also by the city council (types 21–23).
XV International Numismatic Congress Taormina 2015, 2017
Akopyan A.V., Dvin in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. City history in the light of new numism... more Akopyan A.V., Dvin in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. City history in the light of new numismatic materials // XV International Numismatic Congress Taormina 2015. Proceedings. Vol. II. Ed. by M. Caccamo Caltabiano, B. Carroccio, D. Castrizio, M. Puglisi, G. Salamone. Roma - Messina, 2017. P. 1036-1040.
![Research paper thumbnail of Язык и письмо монет христианско-мусульманского пограничья Кавказа IX-XIII вв. [Language and Script of the Coins From the Christian-Islamic Frontiers of Caucasus in 9th-13th cc.; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/46466564/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](XXVIII Чтения памяти члена-корреспондента АН СССР Владимира Терентьевича Пашуто, 2016
Акопян А. В. Язык и письмо монет христианско- мусульманского пограничья Кавказа IX–XIII вв. В сб.... more Акопян А. В. Язык и письмо монет христианско-
мусульманского пограничья Кавказа IX–XIII вв. В сб.: Восточная Европа в древности и средневековье. Письменность как элемент государственной инфраструктуры. XXVIII Чтения памяти члена-корреспондента АН СССР Владимира Терентьевича Пашуто
Москва, 20–22 апреля 2016 г. Материалы конференции
Москва, 2016. C. 7-12.
![Research paper thumbnail of К нумизматической истории Эретского царства (конец IX – начало XI в.) [To the Numismatic History of the Kingdom of Hereti; End of 9th - Beginning of 11th Centuries]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65054891/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея, 2020
Акопян А. В. К нумизматической истории Эретского царства (конец IX – начало XI в.) // Нумизматиче... more Акопян А. В. К нумизматической истории Эретского царства (конец IX – начало XI в.) // Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2020 года. Памяти В.А. Дурова (1943–2019). Москва, 25 и 26 ноября 2020 года. Материалы докладов и сообщений / ред. кол.: А. В. Акопян, Е. В. Бирюкова, А. А. Гомзин и др.; отв. ред. Е. В. Захаров. М.: б.м., 2020. С. 68-73
A. В. Акопян, А. Р. Варданян. Монеты Квирике III, царя Кахети и Эрети. В сб.: Семнадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция. Москва. Пущино. 22-26 апреля 2013. Тезисы сообщений и докладов. М.: Триумф принт, 2013. С. 43–44.
Herald of the Daghestan Scientific Center, 2024
The article deals with the discussion on four Armenian women’s adornments with coins stored in th... more The article deals with the discussion on four Armenian women’s adornments with coins stored in the Russian Ethnographic Museum (REM) (collections of 1915 from the Armenian village of Kaybali-shen). The complex composition of coins presented on the frontlet REM 3518-21, made between 1718 and 1847, correlates with the synchronous hoards from Eastern Armenia and Shirwan with a significant portion of old coins (the so-called ‘anchor group’). The obverse/reverse orientation of the coins on this frontlet is random because by the time of its fabrication the legends on the old coins had already been barely understood, whereas Russian coins had not been common enough yet. But on the later jewelry from the 1860s, containing only Russian coins (frontlet REM 3518-28, pectorals REM 3518-18 and REM 3518-31), those are oriented by the heraldic eagle facing the viewers, which indicates that the manufacturers were clearly aware of the distinction between coin sides. The article concerns the role of head and breast adornments with coins in the local tradition and analyzes their numismatic component. The comparison of the coins on the jewelry with the simultaneous coin hoards enables to specify the region of origin of the former. Particular attention is paid to the explanation of the strategy of choice as to which coin side to be displayed, being demonstrative on adornments and reflecting the cultural preferences.
Yerevan: Russian-Armenian University, 2023
ISBN 978-9939-67-309-7 The work carries out a comprehensive study of the coinage and money circu... more ISBN 978-9939-67-309-7
The work carries out a comprehensive study of the coinage and money circulation in the Khānates of Ganja, Shūshī, Īravān and Nakhjavān during the period 1747–1828, which yields extremely important information for reconstructing the political and economic history of the region. In the course of the study, numismatic sources (coins, their finds, and hoards) related to the region under study were identified and published, with attribution of the coins, their comparative analysis, classification and cataloging (for the Catalog of the coin types, see Chapter 6; Translations of coin inscriptions see in Chapter 7, and a chronologically arranged List of Hoards and Coin Finds see in Chapter 8). The work revealed the mosaic development of the coinage in each of the four studied khānates of Eastern Armenia, reflecting their varying levels of independence.
Journal of Persianate Studies
The aim of the work is to identify explanations for the lengthy circulation of Safavid coins bear... more The aim of the work is to identify explanations for the lengthy circulation of Safavid coins bearing the central inscription, “ʿAli is the friend of God (ʿAli vali Allāh),” from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries. Studying the coins from the period and the hoards in which they were found, alongside historical narratives, ethnographic information, and religious texts, sheds light on their meaning and reception in their Shiʿi environment. The special attitude towards these coins accounts for the widespread imitation of these coins, which came to dominate Iranian markets during this period, as predicted by Gresham’s law of “bad money.”
INC Survey of Numismatic Research 2014-2020, Warsaw-Krakow-Winterthur, 2022
The most up-to-date list of relevant numismatic publications dealing with the Islamic coinage (7t... more The most up-to-date list of relevant numismatic publications dealing with the Islamic coinage (7th - 19th centuries CE).
26th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studi... more 26th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
On November 23, 2024 at 11:00 (MSK) A. V. Akopyan from the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences will give a report “Dinar. History of the concept, history of the coin" (in Russian)
25th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studi... more 25th meeting of the Scientific Seminar on Oriental Numismatics of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
On April 28, 2024 (Sunday!) at 11:00 (MSK) A. I. Bugarchev from the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan) will give a report “On the metrology of copper coins of Sarāy, Sarāy al-Jadīdah and Gulistān in the 14th century " (in Russian)
The seminar will be hosted on the Zoom.
Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина Институт археологии Российской ... more Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина Институт археологии Российской академии наук НУМИЗМАТИКА И ЭПИГРАФИКА, ТОМ XVIII ______________________________________________________________________ А.В. Акопян НОВОЕ В ГРУЗИНО-САСАНИДСКОЙ НУМИЗМАТИКЕ: ВТОРОЙ ИЗВЕСТНЫЙ ТИП МОНЕТ ГУРГЕНА I 1
Восток (Oriens), 2022
Compendium of two parts of article. Pt. I: This article concerns the dating of the Caucasian A... more Compendium of two parts of article.
Pt. I: This article concerns the dating of the Caucasian Albanian palimpsest (Gospel of John) on the basis of a refined interpretation of the monetary term **zaizowzńa. In the first part of paper the etymology of the word **zaizowzńa, that derived from the Sasanian monetary term zūzā ‘dirham’ is offered and justified. The Albanian umbrella term **zaizowzńa indicated a general concept of a ‘zuza-like (coin)’, which unified wide range of various imitations of Hormizd IV’s silver coins (or ZWZWN, as they named in Pahlavi on coins), struck in the end of the 6th century after defeating of Varhrān Čōbīn in 592 as payment to the Byzantine army, as well as typologically close to them pre-reform Islamic coins of the Sasanian type struck in the 7th – beginning of 8th centuries (so-called Arab-Sasanian coins). In the Caucasian Albanian Gospel of John the word **zaizowzńa was used to translate the Greek δηναρίων, but in the corresponding places of Armenian or Georgian translations were used another words — dahekan/drahkani, denar or satiri/statiri (etymology of these words also discussed and shown that they are not related to Sasanian zūzā). Thus, the use of a special term for Greek δηναρίων is not associated with the established translation tradition and unequivocally indicates its local, Caucasian Albanian origin. The period of time when **zaizowzńa coins were used in the Transcaucasia is outlined, and it is shown that the Sinai edition of the Albanian Gospel of John was completed between the beginning of the 6th century and the beginning of the 10th century.
Pt. II: The second part of the article continues the study of question of the the time and place of the creation of the Caucasian Albanian palimpsest (Gospel of John) on the basis of a refined interpretation of the monetary term **zaizowzńa (which was done in the first part of the article). Based on the conclusions of the first part that word **zaizowzńa used as generalized name for Sasanian-type silver coins, the second part of the article studies distribution of these coins in the South Caucasus. Hoards with such coins were analyzed and the geographically compact area with their highest concentration, where the coins designated by the term **zaizowzńa have been in circulation for the longest time is determined. The identified region coincides with the Kingdom of Heretʽi (late 8th – early 11th centuries), located in the upper part of the Alazani valley. On the basis of numismatic mapping of hoards with **zaizowzńa and their single finds, the borders of the Kingdom of Heretʽi (different from the limits of ancient Lpinia-Heretʽi in the broad sense) were clarified, and its subregions were determined. Based on the analysis of the meaning of the Gospel termin **zaizowzńa, the analysis of the area and time of circulation of these coins, it is concluded that the Albanian palimpsest could have been created in the Kingdom of Heretʽi, where **zaizowzńa remained in circulation until the end of the 9th century, and until the first half of the 11th century the Armenian Christianity prevailed (which was followed by the Caucasian Albanians, who used the liturgic Caucasian Albanian language).
Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2021 года, 2021
Printed version of the draft: "Coin of Shawur b. al-Fadl Shaddadid, Equestrian Type (Short Report... more Printed version of the draft: "Coin of Shawur b. al-Fadl Shaddadid, Equestrian Type (Short Report, 04.04.2021)"
Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 2010
Akopyan A., Mosanef F. To the earliest coins struck at Ardabīl in the Islamic period // Journal o... more Akopyan A., Mosanef F. To the earliest coins struck at Ardabīl in the Islamic period // Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 203 (2010). P. 6–8.
Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 2006
Akopyan A., Vardanyan A. Muhammad ibn Ahmad – a new governor on a dirham minted in Arminīya in 33... more Akopyan A., Vardanyan A. Muhammad ibn Ahmad – a new governor on a dirham minted in Arminīya in 331 AH // Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 187 (2006). P. 11–13.
Византийский временник, 2018
В статье анализируется серия медных монет византийского типа, найденных за последние несколько ле... more В статье анализируется серия медных монет византийского типа, найденных за последние несколько лет на территории Армении и приграничных районов Грузии. Приведено чтение надписей на этих монетах, реконструирована хронология их выпусков. Обосновывается локализация чеканки этих монет в Двине в промежуток между занятием города византийцами в 1049 г. и началом правления Искандара ибн Шавура Шаддадида в 1053 г. Анонимность монет, а также разнообразие иконографических и текстологических искажений на них исключают возможность их выпуска при непосредственном участии византийской администрации, что заставляет видеть в их эмитенте самостоятельно действовавший совет старейшин Двина.
A series of the copper coins of Byzantine type, unearthed during last years on the territory of Armenia and near-border regions of Georgia, is analyzed in the article. Their description and reading of the monetary legend was done, and the chronology of their issue was reconstructed. As a result, the minting of such coins in Dvin between the Byzantine capture in 1049 and enthroning of Iskandar b. Shawur in 1053 was proved. A diversity of iconographical and textual distortions on the discussed copper coins excludes the possibility of their issue under Byzantine control. Instead, it is more likely that such issues represented a local phenomenon. They appeared with the approval of the Council of Dvin which consisted of the city’s noblemen and military elite.
Speech for the Second International Conference on Islamic Numismatics State Hermitage, St. Peters... more Speech for the Second International Conference on Islamic Numismatics
State Hermitage, St. Petersbourg, 26.09.2016 - 30.09.2016
Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея, 2015
А. В. Акопян. Денежное обращение в армянских государствах эпохи Багратидов (750–1064 гг.) // Нуми... more А. В. Акопян. Денежное обращение в армянских государствах эпохи Багратидов (750–1064 гг.) // Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2015 года. Москва, 30 ноября – 1 декабря 2015 г. Материалы докладов и сообщений. Памяти Нины Андреевны Фроловой (24.01.1936 – 20.10.2015). Москва,
2015. С. 56-60.
The paper studies coins unearthed in 2010-13 in the village Nerk‘in Dvin, on the site of medieval... more The paper studies coins unearthed in 2010-13 in the village Nerk‘in Dvin, on the site of medieval settlement Dvin. All types of the unearthed coins had been unknown before. They specify the city’s history of the eleventh and twelfth centuries, the less investigated period in the history of Dvin. Years and mintnames on all coins were unspecified or missing, however there are no doubts in their local (Dvin) origin because of the localisation of the finds and the absence of these coins in other places. Unfortunately, the years of issue of the discussed coins can be given only approximately.
After the last Kufic dirham of Dvin/Dabīl of 322 AH / AD 944, coins started being struck here by Shāwur b. Fadl I Shaddādid (413-41 AH / AD 1022–50; types 1–6). Apparently after Shāwur, when Dvin fell under the Byzantine rule, coins were struck here with full-face bust of Christ (441–45 AH / AD 1049-53; type 7). Next coins belong to Abū Nasr Iskandar b. Shāwur Shaddādid (445 AH / AD 1053 – 465 AH / AD 1073 or earlier; types 8, 9). Following them are anonymous coins (with the inscription "min Allāh" ‘from Allah’, types 10–12) that apparently were struck by the city council (glxawork‘ k‘ałak‘i).
In 1063 Dvin was conquered by Seljūqs. Possibly Abū Nasr Iskandar continued his rule, but coins were struck in the names of Seljuq sultan Malik Shāh I (465–85 AH / AD 1072-92; types 13, 14) and later in the name of amīr Arslān-Tegīn and Seljuq prince Dāʾūd b. Muhammad (before 485 AH / AD 1092; type 15). Apparently next coins are of some amīr Nasr (=Abū Nasr Iskandar Shaddādid?, of 485–95 AH / AD 1092–1105?; type 16). Later coins were struck in the name of sultan Muhammad (apparently struck by local ruler Qïzïl Arslān in 498–511 AH / AD 1105–18; type 17). Next coins bear names of atābek Ayāz Tughrïltigīn and prince Dāʾūd (511–15 AH / AD 1118–21; type 18). No coins are known from the following period, and they were renewed by Fahr al-Dīn Arslān Toghmïsh Akhdabid (539 AH / AD 1144 — before 556 AH / AD 1161; type 19). Between 548 AH / AD 1153 and 555 AH / AD 1160 ʿIzz al-Dīn Saltuq II, amīr of Arzarūm, conquered Dvin and struck here coins with the cross on the reverce (type 20). Later, before the final conquest of Dvin by Shams al-Dīn Eldigüz, anonymous coins were struck in the city possibly also by the city council (types 21–23).
XV International Numismatic Congress Taormina 2015, 2017
Akopyan A.V., Dvin in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. City history in the light of new numism... more Akopyan A.V., Dvin in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. City history in the light of new numismatic materials // XV International Numismatic Congress Taormina 2015. Proceedings. Vol. II. Ed. by M. Caccamo Caltabiano, B. Carroccio, D. Castrizio, M. Puglisi, G. Salamone. Roma - Messina, 2017. P. 1036-1040.
XXVIII Чтения памяти члена-корреспондента АН СССР Владимира Терентьевича Пашуто, 2016
Акопян А. В. Язык и письмо монет христианско- мусульманского пограничья Кавказа IX–XIII вв. В сб.... more Акопян А. В. Язык и письмо монет христианско-
мусульманского пограничья Кавказа IX–XIII вв. В сб.: Восточная Европа в древности и средневековье. Письменность как элемент государственной инфраструктуры. XXVIII Чтения памяти члена-корреспондента АН СССР Владимира Терентьевича Пашуто
Москва, 20–22 апреля 2016 г. Материалы конференции
Москва, 2016. C. 7-12.
Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея, 2020
Акопян А. В. К нумизматической истории Эретского царства (конец IX – начало XI в.) // Нумизматиче... more Акопян А. В. К нумизматической истории Эретского царства (конец IX – начало XI в.) // Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2020 года. Памяти В.А. Дурова (1943–2019). Москва, 25 и 26 ноября 2020 года. Материалы докладов и сообщений / ред. кол.: А. В. Акопян, Е. В. Бирюкова, А. А. Гомзин и др.; отв. ред. Е. В. Захаров. М.: б.м., 2020. С. 68-73
A. В. Акопян, А. Р. Варданян. Монеты Квирике III, царя Кахети и Эрети. В сб.: Семнадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция. Москва. Пущино. 22-26 апреля 2013. Тезисы сообщений и докладов. М.: Триумф принт, 2013. С. 43–44.
This article discusses two hitherto unpublished silver coins struck by the Kuirikid ruler Gagik (... more This article discusses two hitherto unpublished silver coins struck by the Kuirikid ruler Gagik (d. 1058), the son of David Anhoghin (Landless) and the adoptive son of the Kakhetian king Kwirike III (ca. 1010-101037/9), as well as that one by Gagik's father himself issued in the name of the Saljuqid sultan Malikshah.
![Research paper thumbnail of Типогенетический подход к систематизации грузинских монет долгого двенадцатого века [Typogenetic Approach to the Systematization of Georgian Coins of the Long Twelfth Century]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95289830/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Graphosphaera, 2022
В работе предложена реконструкция нумизматической истории Грузинского царства в течение долгого д... more В работе предложена реконструкция нумизматической истории Грузинского царства в течение долгого двенадцатого века, продолжавшегося с конца XI до первой трети XIII в. Сочетая типогенетический анализ исследуемых монет и изучение топографии их находок с данными синхронных эпиграфических и письменных источников, впервые была выявлена сложная картина дивергенции монетного дела Западной и Восточной Грузии после прекращения притока арабского серебра из Халифата в Западную Грузию в Х в. Закрепившееся разделение монетных практик привело к образованию двух нумизматических традиций, что при дальнейшем территориальном расширении Грузинского царства в течение XII в. в восточном направлении на бывшие земли дар ал-ислāм и в южном направлении на бывшие земли Византийской империи привело к формированию трех нумизматических традиций - в Западной Грузии, Восточной Грузии и Северной Армении. Впервые выявлено эволюционное развитие типологии грузинских монет, следовавшее за включением новых территорий и сохранявшее сложившиеся на них локальные нумизматические традиции вплоть до реформы Русудан 1230 г. На основании проведенного анализа внутри Грузинского государства выявлены две обособленные зоны производства и обращения медных монет двух типов-неправильного (Восточная Грузия) и правильного (Северная Армения). Динамика выпуска правильных монет объяснена во взаимосвязи с пульсирующим характером расширения Грузинского царства в направлении Ани. Предложена интерпретация всех надчеканок, использовавшихся в это время грузинскими царями.
Abstract: The paper proposes a reconstruction of the numismatic history of the Kingdom of Georgia during the long twelfth century — from the end of the 11th century until the first third of the 13th century. Combining the typogenetic analysis of contemporary coins, the study of the topography of their finds with a research of the synchronous epigraphy and narrations, a complex picture of the divergence of the coinage of Western and Eastern Georgia was revealed for the first time. The cessation of the influx of Arab silver from the Caliphate in the 10th century caused the separation of coinages and led to the formation of two numismatic traditions, in Western and Eastern Georgia. With the further territorial expansion of the Georgian kingdom eastward in 1122 on the former lands of Dar al-Islām and southerly in 1124, 1174 and 1199 on the post-Byzantine territories, this separation led to the formation of three numismatic traditions within Kingdom of Georgia — in Western Georgia, Eastern Georgia and Northern Armenia. For the first time the author revealed the development of coin typology of Georgian coins, which followed the inclusion of new territories (in 1124, 1174 and 1200), where the local numismatic traditions were preserved and step by step evolutionized until Rusudan’s reform of 1230. Based on this analysis, two separate monetary zones within the Georgian state were identified — of irregular copper coins in the Eastern Georgia and of the regular copper coins in the Northern Armenia. The dynamics of the production of regular coins is explained in connection with the pulsatile history of the expansion of the Georgian Kingdom in the southern direction. An interpretation of all countermarks, used at that time by the Georgian kings on regular and irregular coins, as well as on foreign copper coins, is proposed.
![Research paper thumbnail of Две уникальные кавказские монеты XIII века с несколькими оттисками штемпелей [Two unique coins with multiple die stamps from Caucasus (13th century), in Russ.]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60244669/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Orientalistica, 2019
Акопян А. В., Гончаров Е. Ю. Две уникальные кавказские монеты XIII века с несколькими оттисками ш... more Акопян А. В., Гончаров Е. Ю. Две уникальные кавказские монеты XIII века с несколькими оттисками штемпелей. Ориенталистика. 2019;2(2):288–298.
Akopyan A. V., Goncharov E. Yu. Two unique coins with multiple die stamps from Caucasus (13th century). Orientalistica. 2019;2(2):288–298. (In Russ.)
Abstract: the authors publish two unique copper coins of the thirteenth century struck in the State of Shirvanshahs and in the Avar Nutsal with multiple die stamps. This kind of coins until recently has been known only among the Georgian medieval coins. The authors therefore offer a separate research regarding the origin of these rare items. They have discovered that during the period of the so called “silver famine” (in the Islamic world in 11th–12th cent.) production of multiple denominations did find an explanation from the point of view of the then economical situation.
Studia Iranica, 2011
This study deals with the billon coinage of Eldigüz, his vassals, and the Saljuqid of Iraq Sulṭān... more This study deals with the billon coinage of Eldigüz, his vassals, and the Saljuqid of Iraq Sulṭān Muḥammad II, kept in several different collections. A catalogue and an analysis of these coins are given in this paper. In particular, two vassals of Eldigüz, namely his vizier Abū’l-Barakāt and his ātābek Ayāz, come to light due to the coins described here.
![Research paper thumbnail of Байар, нуцал Аварии, и его монеты [Bayar, the Nutsal of Avaria, and his coins; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54607535/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Christian Orient, 2017
Article devoted to the bilingual coins of Bayar, Christian ruler (nutsal) of Avaria (south-wester... more Article devoted to the bilingual coins of Bayar, Christian ruler (nutsal) of Avaria (south-western Daghestan).
This copper coins were struck in the middle of the thirteenth century.
On the side with Georgian Asomt'avruli inscriptions there is letter "B" (i.e. the name of Bayar) in the central circle, surrounded with phrase "saxelit'a γvt'isayt'a" (in the name of God) around letter B. On the other side placed highly distorted Arabic inscription: "malik / Bayār bin / Suraqa / al-masīḥī" (King Bayar, son of Suraqa, the Christian).
The Numismatic Chronicle, 2009
Akopyan A., Vardanyan A. A donative dirham of the Shirwānshāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (AH 370-81) stru... more Akopyan A., Vardanyan A. A donative dirham of the Shirwānshāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (AH 370-81) struck in Barda‘a in AH 373 (982/3) // The Numismatic Chronicle, 169 (2009). P. 261–267.
Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 2008
Akopyan A. An unique coin of the Shaddādid ruler, Ashot ibn Shāwūr // Journal of Oriental Numisma... more Akopyan A. An unique coin of the Shaddādid ruler, Ashot ibn Shāwūr // Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 195 (2008). P. 5–6.
Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Vol. 24 (Bahar/Spring 2013). P. 87–90.
![Research paper thumbnail of На что Фадл II Шаддадид купил город Ани в 1072 г.? [What Fadl II Shaddadid paid for Ani in 1072?; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57849167/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Нумизматические чтения Государственного Исторического музея, 2018
Акопян А. В. На что Фадл II Шаддадид купил город Ани в 1072 г.? // Нумизматические чтения Государ... more Акопян А. В. На что Фадл II Шаддадид купил город Ани в 1072 г.? // Нумизматические чтения Государственного Исторического музея 2018 года (Москва, 27 и 28 ноября 2018 года) : К 100-летию отдела нумизматики Государственного Исторического музея : Материалы докладов и сообщений / Редакционная коллегия: Е. В. Захаров (ответственный редактор) и др. М.: [б. и.], 2018. — В надзаглавии: Государственный Исторический музей. — С. 53–56.
Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, No. 222 (Winter 2015), p. 6-11
On the searches of the issuer of so-called “mysterious Georgian coins from Caspian shore”. In Russian
On the readings of unique silver drama of David IV the Builder and copper fels of David IX
Труды Государственного Эрмитажа. СПб., 2017. [Вып.] 81.
Thesises of the speech on International conference "Two centuries of Islamic numismatics in Russi... more Thesises of the speech on International conference "Two centuries of Islamic numismatics in Russia" (State Hermitage, 2014).
A detailed study on the discussed topic was published in Der Islam 92(1), 197-246 (available here: https://www.academia.edu/13580159/)
![Research paper thumbnail of Ильханы и ишханы. Монеты армянских княжеств периода заката Хулагуидского государства (737–759 гг. х. / 1336–1358 гг.). [Īlkhāns and išxans. Coins of Armenian principalites struck during decline of the Īlkhānid State (737–759 AH / 1336–1358 AD)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41787214/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Нумизматика и эпиграфика, 2015
Акопян А. В. Ильханы и ишханы. Монеты армянских княжеств периода заката Хулагуидского государства... more Акопян А. В. Ильханы и ишханы. Монеты армянских княжеств периода заката Хулагуидского государства (737–759 гг. х. / 1336–1358 гг.). В сб.: Нумизматика и эпиграфика. Вып. XIX. М.: Памятники исторической мысли, 2015. С. 123–160, табл. XLVII–XLIX.
Der Islam, 2015
Coins of the Chopānid Ḥusayn struck in 740/1339–40, and of the Īlkhāns, Jūjīds, the Chopānid ... more Coins of the Chopānid Ḥusayn struck in 740/1339–40, and of the Īlkhāns, Jūjīds, the Chopānid Ashraf and Akhījūq, struck in the last years of the Īlkhānate (754–9/1353–8) in the South Caucasus and Iran, constitute a historical source for an area little covered by the chronicles of the time. This article focuses on the anonymous coinage of 740/1339–40 struck in Shīrāz and commissioned by the Chopānid Ḥusayn or the Īnjūid Masʿūd Shāh, four coin types of the Chopānid Ashraf (struck with his name in 754–7/1353–6, and anonymously with the laqab “al-sulṭān al-ʿādil” in 758/1357), and two coin types of Akhījūq (759/1357–8, anonymously with the ʿalāma “naṣr min Allāh”). Evidence based on historical and numismatic dates is presented for the attribution of the anonymous coins of 758/1357 to Ashraf and of 759/1357–8 to Akhījūq. Localization of ten mint places are discussed and specified.
The first group appears to consist of coins discussed in the article, this is a group of copper f... more The first group appears to consist of coins discussed in the article, this is a group of copper fals that come from the summer 2014 findings from the slopes of Ara-Leṛ (Armenia, Aragatsotn region). This group of coins have Shī‘a shahada on their obverse, and an imitative inscription al-sultān Öljaitü in a characteristic twelve petal rosette on the reverce. This group of coins was compared with two museum specimens that have been previously known. The composition of the findings, containing the mentioned coins, as well as the location of these findings have also been analyzed. Based on this analysis we draw a conclusion about the local origin of the coins in question. The estimated time of coinage of fals – AH 718–719 / 1318–1319 AD. At that time, Transcaucasia was in the middle of an uprising, led by Qurumishī, the governor of vilayat Gurjistān va Abkhāz against Īlḫān Abū Sa‘īd. The dating explains placing of the deceased Īlḫān Öljaitü’s name on imitative coins and the finding with real coins of the Öljaitü times. Imitative coins were most likely minted on the territory of the Zak‛areans or Vač‛uteans feudal families, where they were found. The discovery of a group of local imitative copper coins minted in South Caucasus during the Mongol rule, significantly enriches our knowledge of numismatics and the history of this period. The description of these groups is the first step towards building a comprehensive picture of monetary circulation in South Caucasus during the Mongol era.
Акопян А. В. Монеты армянских княжеств периода заката Хулагуидского государства (736–758 гг. х. / 1335–1357 гг.). В сб.: Государственный Исторический музей. Нумизматические чтения 2013 года. Москва. 19–20 ноября 2013 г. Материалы докладов и сообщений. Москва: Триумф принт, 2013. С. 52–57.
Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы 2009 – Институт Общей истории РАН – Трансконтинентальные и локальные пути как социокультурный феномен, М.: Индрик, 2010. С. 137–152.
The Safavid World, 2021
Akopyan A. V. Coinage and the Monetary System. In: The Safavid World, R. Matthee (ed.). London – ... more Akopyan A. V. Coinage and the Monetary System. In: The Safavid World, R. Matthee (ed.). London – New York: Routledge, 2021. P. 285–309. ISBN: 978-1-138-94406-0.
![Research paper thumbnail of Художественные особенности иранских золотых и серебряных монет XVI‒XIX вв. [Pictorial Features of Iranian Gold and Silver Coins (16th ‒ 19th Cts.); in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/76984170/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Труды Института востоковедения РАН, 2021
В статье рассматриваются художественные особенности иранских золотых и серебряных монет XVI–XIX в... more В статье рассматриваются художественные особенности иранских золотых и серебряных монет XVI–XIX вв., а также генезис развития паттерна их оформления. В последнем выявляются три стадии развития, характеризующиеся различными художественными приемами: «тимуридская», «(собственно) сефевидская» и «пост-сефевидская». Обсуждаются особенности монетного дизайна на каждой из выделенных стадий, а также терминология для описания характерных художественных приемов.
![Research paper thumbnail of Нумизматика сефевидского Ирана (краткий обзор) [Numismatics of Safavid Iran (Short Review), in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/70135681/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Восток (Oriens), 2020
На основании российских и зарубежных исследований в обзоре освещается современное состояние источ... more На основании российских и зарубежных исследований в обзоре освещается современное состояние источниковедческого анализа нумизматических источников и разработанности дескриптивной нумизматики Сефевидского Ирана (описания монетного дела, монетных систем и денежного обращения), необходимых для корректной трактовки экономического и политического прошлого Ирана. В кратком историографическом введении приведен обзор важнейших публикаций нумизматических источников (каталогов собраний и электронных нумизматических баз), а также сжатая характеристика основных обзорных публикаций. В первой части работы на основании современных представлений о фундаментальных понятиях, регулировавших монетную эмиcсию в Сефевидском Иране, описаны права сикка (jus monetae) и хакк аз-зарб (jus monetae cudendae), а также порождаемые ими валютные зоны-общегосударственная зона шахских монет и локальные зоны региональных анонимных выпусков. Описана монетная система сефевидского времени и установлены ее элементы. Проанализированы сферы обращения монет из различных металлов, этимологизированы названия монетных номиналов. Приведены краткие сведения о структуре монетных дворов в Сефевидском Иране, динамике их количества и географическом зонировании. Во второй части описаны важнейшие преобразования и характерные особенности монетного дела в правление каждого сефевидского шаха. Прослежены динамика процесса консолидации монетных зон и изменения монетных стандартов, а также время появления инноваций в текстах монетных надписей (легенд) и в монетном дизайне.
A. Akopyan. More About the Very Rare Georgian Coins from Megrelia with the Mintname Dadiyan // Jo... more A. Akopyan. More About the Very Rare Georgian Coins from Megrelia with the Mintname Dadiyan // Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society, 226 (Winter 2016), 9-11.
Epigrafika Vostoka, XXXI, 2015. P. 147-170.
The article deals with a set of copper coins from the hoard found in Ganja, Azerbayjan in 2011, a... more The article deals with a set of copper coins from the hoard found in Ganja, Azerbayjan in 2011, a portion of which, reached in two steps (30 and 14 pieces in-spected separately, the latter portion being marked with asterisk *), consisted en-tirely of formerly unknown coin types. The set contains coins indicated as the pro-duction of Kākhed, i.e. Kakhet‛i (a kingdom in Eastern Georgia), and Zagem (the capital), presumably in the 1520’s–1550’s. These coins belong to three different subtypes (nos. 1–7*, 8–18 and 19–29*) and represent two denominations (nos. 1–7* ― 4 dīnārs, nos. 8–29* ― 2 dīnārs). The hoard also reveals a few ‘lion type’ coins of Zagem (nos. 30*–31*, denomination ghāz), and ‘la‛nat type’, both dated 993 AH (the latter type available in two denominations: no. 32 ― qazbegī and no. 33 ― ghāz), then three coins with blank reverse (apparently specimens), countermarked as fulūs Zagem (no. 34), ‛adl-i fulūs (no. 35) or ‛adl-i shāhī (no. 36*); anepigraphic coins (no. 37–38), coins of Ganja and Tiflīs (nos. 39* and 40*, both unknown be-fore), and without issue data (nos. 41–44). It seems plausible that the hoard con-tained deliberately selected coins of Kakhet‛I; it could be part of the state-held, feu-dal or merchant’s treasure, brought with some purpose from Kakhet‛i to Ganja in the late 1580’s. The finding of a treasure of copper coins is a unique case in Trans-caucasia, not only for the 16th century but also for later periods.
Iran and the Caucasus, 2020
This article is devoted to the Iranian copper coins of the 17th-18th centuries with the counterma... more This article is devoted to the Iranian copper coins of the 17th-18th centuries with the countermark “saber” (shamshīr) that were recently found in Armenia. Numismatic analysis shows that their production was carried out by Davit Bek, the leader of the Armenian army in Kapan in 1722-1728, after 1725 or 1726, when he received the right of anonymous coinage from Shah Ṭahmāsp II. The symbolism of the image chosen for overstriking Iranian coins is also discussed.
![Research paper thumbnail of Медные монеты с надчеканкой «сабля», происходящие из Армении [Copper Coins with Countermark “Shamshir” From Armenia]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/61553070/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2019 года. К 90-летию А. С. Мельниковой и 100-летию В. В. Узденикова. Москва, 26 и 27 ноября 2019 года. Материалы докладов и сообщений. Москва, 2019
Article devoted to the copper Persian coins of eighteenth century, countermarked by "shamshir(s)"... more Article devoted to the copper Persian coins of eighteenth century, countermarked by "shamshir(s)", and found in Syuniq, Southern Armenia. Basing on numismatic analysis they attributed to sparapet Davit Bek. During 1725/6-1728 Davit Bek was head of the Sghnax of Kapan ("a kind of republic," as J. Hanway noted), and achieved from Tahmasp II Safavi right to struck the coin - "išxanowt‘iwn hatanel zdram," that is the same as right of haqq al-zarb.
![Research paper thumbnail of Акопян А. В., Сафонова Н. В. Развитие композиционного построения позднесредневековых иранских золотых и серебряных монет [The Development of Composition of Late Medieval Iranian Gold and Silver Coins; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58969415/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Двадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция, 2019
Акопян А. В., Сафонова Н. В. Развитие композиционного построения позднесредневековых иранских зол... more Акопян А. В., Сафонова Н. В. Развитие композиционного построения позднесредневековых иранских золотых и серебряных монет // Двадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция : Великий Новгород 16–20 апреля 2019 г. : Тезисы докладов и сообщений / Ред. коллегия: П. Г. Гайдуков, Е. В. Захаров и др. М.: [б. и.], 2019. — В надзаглавии: Новгородский государственный объединенный музей-заповедник, Государственный Исторический музей, Государственный Эрмитаж, Институт археологии РАН. — С. 288–290.
Iranian Numismatic Studies. A Volume in Honor of Stephen Album, 2017
It was probably fifteen years ago when my first teacher in Oriental numismatics, Dr. Arkady Molch... more It was probably fifteen years ago when my first teacher in Oriental numismatics, Dr. Arkady Molchanov, acquainted me with the second edition of Steve Album's Checklist. Having consulted it. I am sure that I am not alone in my impression that the clear structure of this milestone work has made future investigations in Islamic numismatics much easier. Throughout all the subsequent years, despite the heavy demands on his schedule, Steve always found time to stay in touch and discuss the latest research in any field of Islamic and particularly Iranian numismatics, so I offer this article in gratitude for all the assistance and counseling he has provided me. Unlike the silver and gold coins of Iran of the sixteenth to the nineteenth century thoroughly described in special catalogs, information about the copper coins of the Iranian cities is still scattered in various publications which for a long time has made it difficult to systematize and analyze the data. Gaps in the cataloging of this material are associated with a huge variety of types of copper coins, which sometimes changed every year in more than fifty Iranian mints. The practice of such frequent and irregular (not annual) changes of type sharply distinguishes Iranian copper issues from the silver and gold coins, which remained fairly uniform in their external designs and minting. In addition, other characteristics of copper coins make it difficult for them to accumulate in museum and private collections. This lies in their inherent values and consequently short-term circulation, which hindered both long-term accumulation in the people's hands and made meaningless their hoarding. 1 Despite researchers' interest in copper Iranian coins, attempting to typologize them was difficult due to the incompleteness of the publishing of the coins. Recently the situation in this area has significantly improved. This is due to the publication of collections of Iranian copper coins by the State Museum of Georgia (546 coins), the Ashmolean Museum (192 coins), and the cataloguing by Tinatin Kutelia of all copper coins published by 1990 (444 coins). It has improved, as well, with the digitization in recent years of the collection of the American Numismatic Society (2,006 coins of interest) and the ongoing additions to the online Zeno Oriental coins database (www.zeno.ru currently with 660 coins of interest). The scientific value of the last two databases has recently increased with the introduction of modern polyparametric search tools. To this number I can add personally examined Iranian copper coins from the collection of the State Historical Museum of Armenia (ca. 1700 coins), State Museum of Fine Arts (ca. 1000 coins), and Forschungsstelle für Islamische Numismatik, Universität Tübingen (ca. 200 coins), as well as about 400 coins in private collections. I am very grateful to Kirk Bennett for his patient language editing. I am also thankful to the keepers of the collections in which I had the opportunity to work-Dr. Lutz Ilisch (Forschungsstelle für islamische Numismatik, Universität Tübingen) and Dr. Ruben Vardanyan (State Historical Museum of Armenia).
![Research paper thumbnail of Иранские медные монеты XVI–XIX вв.: особенности выпуска и обращения [Iranian Copper Coins of the Sixteenth–Nineteenth Centuries: Features of Emission and Circulation]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54968195/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Проблемы истории, филологии, культуры, 2017
![Research paper thumbnail of Весовые нормы и названия номиналов иранских медных монет XVI–XIX вв. [Weight Standards and Names of the Iranian Copper Coins; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58446802/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](XIX Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция, 2017
Cultural Heritage of Eurasia (from the ancientry to our times), 2016
![Research paper thumbnail of О классификации медных иранских монет XVI–XIX вв. [On the Classification of the Copper Iranian Coins, 16-19th Centuries; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/50655742/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Акопян А. В. О классификации медных иранских монет XVI–XIX вв. В сб.: Нумизматические чтения Госу... more Акопян А. В. О классификации медных иранских монет XVI–XIX вв. В сб.: Нумизматические чтения Государственного исторического музея 2016. Москва, 22 и 23 ноября 2016 г. Материалы докладов и сообщений. М., 2016. C. 109–113.
A. V. Akopyan. On the Classification of Iranian Copper Coins of 16th–19th cc. [In Russian]
Акопян A. В. О знаках монетариев на монетах Хусейна Сефеви (1694–1722), чеканенных в Иране, Армении и Грузии. В сб.: Армения–Иран: История. Культура. Современные перспективы развития. Сборник статей. Москва: Ключ-С, 2013. С. 5–12.
This article analyzes the coins, which have been issued in Iravān, Qazvīn, Nakjavān, Tabrīz and T... more This article analyzes the coins, which have been issued in Iravān, Qazvīn, Nakjavān, Tabrīz and Tiflīs during the last decade of reign of Ḥosayn Safavi, in 1125–1135 AH / 1713–1722 AD, and featured the specific signs. As shown in the article, these signs have been made by official moneyers and might have been associated with their names. Different interpretations of these signs are proposed – as initials according to their Persian spelling (٢ = d, ۴ = č, ٥ and similar signs like "circle" and possibly also "circle with pletals" = p or h, ۶ = š, ٩ = n) or as full names or surnames ("cross in circle" and “bowed cross” = Xač‛atur?, "circle with pletals" with pletals may signify rose, i.e. correspond to names and surnames starting with Armenian root vard as Vardan etc. or Turkic root gül).
Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society 223 (Spring 2015)
A. V. Akopyan, F. Mosanef. Four remarkable Iranian civic copper coins // Journal of Oriental Numismatic Society, 214 (Winter 2013), pp. 16-18.
![Research paper thumbnail of Монетное дело и денежное обращение Ереванского и Нахичеванского ханств (1747–1828 гг.) [Coinage and monetary circulation in the Yerevan and Nakhichevan Khanates (1747–1828) (in Russian)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69734248/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](XXXI Международный конгресс по источниковедению и историографии стран Азии и Африки: Россия и Восток., 2021
Акопян А. В. Монетное дело и денежное обращение Ереванского и Нахичеванского ханств (1747–1828 гг... more Акопян А. В. Монетное дело и денежное обращение Ереванского и Нахичеванского ханств (1747–1828 гг.) // XXXI Международный конгресс по источниковедению и историографии стран Азии и Африки: Россия и Восток. К 100-летию политических и культурных связей новейшего времени. 23–25 июня 2021 г.: Материалы конгресса / Отв. ред.: Н. Н. Дьяков, П. И. Рысакова, А. О. Победоносцева Кая. — СПб.: Изд-во Студия «НП-Принт», 2021. Т. 1. C. 171–172
![Research paper thumbnail of Главы монетного двора Ереван (XVII–XIX вв.) [Heads of the Yerevan Mint in the 17th-19th cc. (in Russian)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67475706/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Двадцать первая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция : Тверь 24–29 мая 2021 г. : Тезисы докладов и сообщений , 2021
Heads of Yerevan Mint in the Seventeenth–Nineteenth Centuries (In Russian)
![Research paper thumbnail of О восьмигривенном, упомянутом в романе «Герой нашего времени» М. Ю. Лермонтова [About the Eighty-Kopeck Coin, Mentioned in the Novel “A Hero of Our Time” by Mikhail Lermontov]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64816303/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Деньги в российской истории. Вопросы производства, обращения, бытования. Вып. 3. , 2020
Акопян А. В. О восьмигривенном, упомянутом в романе «Герой нашего времени» М. Ю. Лермонтова // Де... more Акопян А. В. О восьмигривенном, упомянутом в романе «Герой нашего времени» М. Ю. Лермонтова // Деньги в российской истории. Вопросы производства, обращения, бытования. Вып. 3: Сб. материалов Третьей международной научной конференции (14–16 октября 2020 г., Санкт-Петербург) / Под ред. А. А. Богданова. СПб: АО «Гознак», 2020. C. 206–208.
Five standards of the weight of Ganja ‘abbāsī were fetched out. At the beginning of an independen... more Five standards of the weight of Ganja ‘abbāsī were fetched out. At the beginning of an independent coinage ‘abbāsī, which were struck in 1764–1781, produced almost of the same weight as Iranian ones (I weight standard, ca. 4.50g). In 1768, following the increasing of the number of shāhī in Iranian ‘abbāsī from 4 to 5, in Ganja again were struck 4-shāhī-‘abbāsī weights 3.69g (II weight standard, used in 1768–1774), that was 4/5 of the Iranian standard. The following two standards also refl ected changes of the quantity of shāhīs in Iranian ‘abbāsī. Ganja ‘abbāsī of III weight standard (3.38g, which is the weight of the four shāhī in ‘abbāsī containing 5.5 shāhī) were minted in 1774–1776. Ganja ‘abbāsī of IV weight standard (3.07g, which is the weight of the four shāhī in ‘abbāsi containing 6 shāhīs) were minted in 1774–1781. During this reasearch, the refi nement of the chronology of changes of the quantity of shāhī in Iranian ‘abbāsī in 1774–1775 was done.
Ganja coins of the last V weight standard (2.46g, i. e. one shāhī less, or –20% of previous standard weight) minted in probably from 1781 and until 1791, after the start of Qarabagh-Georgian occupation of Ganja. It was found that a change in the type of coins was not correspond with a change of the weight standard in 1768–1792. Under the infl uence of introduced in Persia silver coins of heavy denominations, in Ganja in 1792–1800 were struck 5 ‘abbāsī coins of local types and local weight standards – of V standard in 1792–1798 and of IV standard in 1799– 1800. It has been shown, that their prevoius designation as riyāls was incorrect, and they must be called as minaltun or mihazar (or Ganja rouble) in accordance with report dated by 1840.
![Research paper thumbnail of Эволюция веса серебряных монет Гянджинского ханства (Evolution of the weight of Ganja Khanate silver coins) [In Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37426958/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Evolution of the weight of Ganja khanate silver coins (in Russian) Акопян А. В. Эволюция веса ... more Evolution of the weight of Ganja khanate silver coins (in Russian)
Акопян А. В. Эволюция веса серебряных монет Гянджинского ханства В сб.: Восемнадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция. Москва, Коломна, 20-25 апреля 2015 года. Тезисы докладов и сообщений. М., 2015. С. 92–93.
![Research paper thumbnail of История функционирования монетного двора Панахабад (1794–1828) до и после вхождения в состав Российской империи [History of Panahabad Mint (1794–1828) Before and After its Inclusion in the Russian Empire]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58067197/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Деньги в российской истории, 2018
Акопян А. В. История функционирования монетного двора Панахабад (1794–1828) до и после вхождения ... more Акопян А. В. История функционирования монетного двора Панахабад (1794–1828) до и после вхождения в состав Российской империи // Деньги в российской истории: вопросы производства, обращения, бытования. Вып. I: Сборник материалов Первой международной научной конференции (18–19 октября 2018 г., Санкт-Петербург) / Отв. ред. А. А. Богданов. СПб.: б. и., 2018. — С. 46-50.
Speech for the Second International Conference on Islamic Numismatics State Hermitage, St. Peters... more Speech for the Second International Conference on Islamic Numismatics
State Hermitage, St. Petersbourg, 26.09.2016 - 30.09.2016
![Research paper thumbnail of Этапы монетного обращения и денежная политика в Карабахском ханстве (1747–1822 гг.) в связи с российским влиянием (Stages of monetary circulation and monetary policy in the Qarabagh Khanate (1747–1822). In connection with the Russian influence) [In Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/35749395/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Акопян А. В., Петров П. Н. Этапы монетного обращения и денежная политика в Карабахском ханстве (1... more Акопян А. В., Петров П. Н. Этапы монетного обращения и денежная политика в Карабахском ханстве (1747–1822 гг.) в связи с российским влиянием. В сб.: Нумизматические чтения Государственного Исторического музея 2014 года. Москва, 24–25 ноября 2014 г. Материалы докладов и сообщений. Москва. C. 33-38.
![Research paper thumbnail of Идеи, монеты и художники: об изображении монет и печатей в армянских рукописях XIII–XVI вв. [Ideas, Coins and Painters: Drawing of Coins and Seals in the Armenian Manuscripts of 13th–16th centuries (Akopyan, Danielyan; in Russian)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/108641015/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Graphosphaera, 2023
A systematic study of the Armenian manuscripts allowed us to identify in twelve Gospels created i... more A systematic study of the Armenian manuscripts allowed us to identify in twelve Gospels created in the scriptoria of Cilician Armenia, Siwnik‘ and Vaspurakan from the mid-13th c. to 1592, images of gold coins and state seals. As prototypes for coin images, only gold coins from circulation were used — these were the Byzantine solidus of mid-10th — mid-11th cc., the dinar of Sultan Kay-Khusraw II, the Florentine florin, the dinars of Abu Sa‘id Ilkhanid and the Venetian ducat; but in Vaspurakan, lacking gold coins in monetary circulation during the 14th-15th cc., the images of gold coins were replaced by drawings of state Mongolian seals. The appearance of gold coins in the most important places of the Gospels is xplained in Mkhit‘ar Gosh’s Lawcode (completed after 1184), in which gold coins, due to their pure nature, are interpreted in neoplatonical sense as a symbols of Christ’s divinity. A review of the discovered artistic tradition and its comparisons with synchronous traditions of illuminations allows us to indicate that it was in Cilician Armenia that real coins were first depicted, moreover, with such a degree of detail, which makes it possible to unambiguously determine their type. The identification of this artistic tradition significantly expands our understanding of the symbolic role of coins in medieval society.
![Research paper thumbnail of От архипелага к континенту: объем концепта «нумизматика Армении» [From the Archipelago to the Continent: the Denotation of the “Numismatics of Armenia” (in Russian)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109170601/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Proceedings of the History Museum of Armenia, 2023
The article is devoted to the discussion of the position of numismatics in the circle of Armenian... more The article is devoted to the discussion of the position of numismatics in the circle of Armenian studies at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries. The changes in the research angles of Armenian studies at that time were accompanied by the inclusion of the history of the Armenian people in the context of the history of the Middle East and, more broadly, in the context of the history of Eurasia. This leads to qualitative shifts in source studies and, in particular, in numismatical research, requiring an update of its object of study. Previous numismatic studies of the 19th – early 20th centuries constituted Armenian numismatics by the second half of the 20th century as an “archipelago” of spaced apart in time dynastical numismatics – of ancient and medieval kingdoms (Sophene, Armenia Maior, Commagene, Armenia Minor; Lori and Cilicia), as well as issues of the early 20th century. The focus on the coinage in the Armenian states led to the almost complete elimination from the numismatic discourse of more than a millennium period of minting of Sasanian and Islamic type coins on the territory of Historical Armenia (exceptionally saturated with informative numismatic sources), and, accordingly, of the societies that produced and used these coins. The loss of coherence of the description began to be replenished in the works of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, which moved from the description of Armenian numismatics, determined by the ethno-confessional affiliation of the emitents, to the study of the geographically determined numismatics of Armenia. The result of these works was the clarification of the scale of the “continent” of coinage and coin circulation on the territory of Historical Armenia from the 3rd century BC up to the 20th century. Its description is complicated by a large number of mints operating simultaneously(in certain periods – up to fifty) and by the impressive list of polities (more than forty) that minted coins. No less time-consuming task is the study of monetary circulation on the territory of Historical Armenia, since it requires not only the analysis of local emissions, but also the study of imported coins. It is extremely important to integrate the data of the analysis of numismatic sources from the territory of Historical Armenia into the field of Armenian studies and of broader anthropological studies.
Историк Фрэнк Хольт приглашает нас в увлекательное путешествие по истории нумизматики, изучения м... more Историк Фрэнк Хольт приглашает нас в увлекательное путешествие по истории нумизматики, изучения монет — одного из старейших и важнейших вкладов в искусство и гуманитарные науки. Кто изобрел монеты и зачем? Функционирует ли чеканка вне нашего контроля, как если бы у нее был собственный разум? Как это изменило мировую историю и культуру? Что нумизматика может рассказать о нашем прошлом, чего нельзя было бы узнать из какого-либо другого источника? Как нумизматика продвинулась вперед с использованием современной науки?
![Research paper thumbnail of Две бинарные оппозиции для формирования основных нумизматических концептов [Two Binary Oppositions for Basic Numismatic Concepts’ Shaping; in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58969199/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Двадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция, 2019
Акопян А. В. Две бинарные оппозиции для формирования основных нумизматических концептов // Двадца... more Акопян А. В. Две бинарные оппозиции для формирования основных нумизматических концептов // Двадцатая Всероссийская нумизматическая конференция : Великий Новгород 16–20 апреля 2019 г. : Тезисы докладов и сообщений / Ред. коллегия: П. Г. Гайдуков, Е. В. Захаров и др. М.: [б. и.], 2019. — В надзаглавии: Новгородский государственный объединенный музей-заповедник, Государственный Исторический музей, Государственный Эрмитаж, Институт археологии РАН. — С. 288–290.
![Research paper thumbnail of [Рецензия на:] «Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы. 2015 год: Экономические системы Евразии в раннее Средневековье». М., 2017 [Review on: “The Earliest States of Eastern Europe 2015: Economical Systems of Early Medieval Eurasia.” Moscow, 2017]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58033899/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Российская Археология, 2018
Акопян А. В. [Рецензия] // Российская археология. - 2018. - №3. - С. 177-182. - Рец на кн.: Древн... more Акопян А. В. [Рецензия] // Российская археология. - 2018. - №3. - С. 177-182. - Рец на кн.: Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы. 2015 год: Экономические системы Евразии в раннее Средневековье / Отв. ред. тома А. С. Щавелев; отв. ред. серии Е. А. Мельникова. - М. : Русский фонд содействия образованию и науке, 2017. - 496 с., ил.
The article provides information about the coin hoards and findings of the 16th–19th centuries, f... more The article provides information about the coin hoards and findings of the 16th–19th centuries, found in 1971–2014 on the territory of the Republic of Armenia and adjacent areas (Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic, and the Kura-Araxes interfluve). The article also provides information about the findings of coins minted in these areas, but found abroad. Findings are ranked chronologically, at the date of the youngest coin. Whenever possible, the author cites links to database Zeno.ru, if the described coins have been included in it.
О монетных находках в Закавказье и на Северном Кавказе в 2007-2009 гг. В течение последних нескол... more О монетных находках в Закавказье и на Северном Кавказе в 2007-2009 гг. В течение последних нескольких лет на территории Закавказья и на Северном Кавказе, помимо прочих ординарных монетных находок, были найдены несколько любопытных монет и монетных кладов, с которыми и предлагается ознакомиться. №1. В 2009 г. из Еревана мне были присланы изображения двух монет, которые были определены мной как подражания дирхемам Абу Саида Хулагуида, типа H [1:107]. Стиль надписей на обеих монетах одинаково грубый, однако надписи, хоть и искажены, но читаются. Даты на обеих монетах -33 г. ильхании / 734 г. х. / 1333-4 гг., дворы -ÚDWÛqoC
![Research paper thumbnail of К публикации диссертации А.П. Новосельцева «Города Азербайджана и Восточной Армении в XVII–XVIII вв.» (1959 год) [To the publication of Anatoly Novoseltsev’s PhD Thesis “Cities of Azerbaijan an Eastern Armenia in the 17th-18th centuries” (1959); in Russian]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94927496/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы, 2021
1. А.В. Акопян. К ПУБЛИКАЦИИ ДИССЕРТАЦИИ А.П. НОВОСЕЛЬЦЕВА «ГОРОДА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА И ВОСТОЧНОЙ АРМЕН... more 1. А.В. Акопян. К ПУБЛИКАЦИИ ДИССЕРТАЦИИ А.П. НОВОСЕЛЬЦЕВА «ГОРОДА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА И ВОСТОЧНОЙ АРМЕНИИ В XVII–XVIII вв.» (1959 год)
Статья предваряет собой первую публикацию диссертации А. П. Новосельцева «Города Азербайджана и Восточной Армении в XVII–XVIII вв.», которая была защищена в Институте истории АН СССР в 1959 г. Обсуждается содержание работы, вкратце охарактеризованы особенности методологии авторского исследования, показано сохранение актуальности работы и ее выводов для изучения городов Ближнего Востока. В силу своей неопубликованности во многих аспектах пионерская работа А.П. Новосельцева оставалась совершенной неизвестной востоковедам, что существенным образом сказалось как на последующих исследованиях ближневосточного города, так и на работах, посвященных более общим вопросам истории Закавказья и Ирана. В конце статьи приведены разъяснения, связанные с подготовкой машинописного текста диссертации к публикации.
2. Новосельцев А.П. ГОРОДА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНА И ВОСТОЧНОЙ АРМЕНИИ
В XVII–XVIII вв. Диссертация на соискание степени кандидата исторических наук. Научный руководитель: доктор исторических наук А.В. Фадеев. Москва, 1959.
Russian translation of the flagship for Armenian studies "Prologue" and "General Introduction" by... more Russian translation of the flagship for Armenian studies "Prologue" and "General Introduction" by Seta B. Dadoyan
(from: Seta B. Dadoyan. The Armenians in the Medieval Islamic World : Paradigms of Interaction : Seventh to Fourteenth Centuries. Vols. 1–3. New Brunswick (NJ): Transaction Publishers, 2007–2012).
Journal of Persianate Studies, Jan 1, 2010
![Research paper thumbnail of Новые памятники армянской эпиграфики XVII–XIX вв. из Крыма (подписная мелкая пластика). Часть I [Newly Discovered Armenian Inscriptions of Seventeenth–Nineteenth Centuries from Crimea (Signatured Figurines). Part I]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/65908406/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Эпиграфика Востока, 2020
Акопян А. В., Каретников О. В. Новые памятники армянской эпиграфики XVII–XIX вв. из Крыма (подпис... more Акопян А. В., Каретников О. В. Новые памятники армянской эпиграфики XVII–XIX вв. из Крыма (подписная мелкая пластика). Часть I // Эпиграфика Востока. Вып. XXXV. 2020. C. 3–36.
![Research paper thumbnail of Новые памятники армянской эпиграфики XVII–XIX вв. из Крыма (подписная мелкая пластика). Часть 2 [Newly Discovered Armenian Inscriptions of Seventeenth–Nineteenth Centuries from Crimea (Signatured Figurines). Part 2]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81642194/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Эпиграфика Востока, 2021
Во второй части статьи продолжается описание выявленных за последние годы подписных частных предм... more Во второй части статьи продолжается описание выявленных за последние годы подписных частных предметов XVIII–XIX вв., принадлежащих армянскому населению Крыма: публикуются три именных перстня (№37–39) и девять образцов подписной посуды (№40–49) (нумерация продолжается с Части I). В заключительной части работы анализируются все предметы, описанные в обеих частях статьи. Исследуются использовавшиеся языки надписей, эпиграфические особенности армянского письма (выделяются надписи еркатагиром, «безнажимным еркатагиром» и болоргиром), а также функционал владельческих надписей. Обсуждаются антропонимические формулы в армянской среде Крыма и их развитие в XIV–XIX вв., анализируется время появления отчеств и фамилий у крымских армян. Изучена частотность имен внутри выявленного ономастического комплекса и возможные причины его формирования (в сравнении с именами из колофонов армянских крымских рукописей XIV в. и именами константинопольских армян по переписи 1455 г.). Проведено изучение композиционных решений в оформлении предметов, выявившее их близость с кругом греческих и арабографичных османских подписных предметов (но не с личными подписными предметами польских или закавказских армян). Проанализированы различные применявшиеся системы летоисчисления и датировок. На основании анализа различных аспектов информационной составляющей армянских владельческих надписей (языка, системы знаков для чисел, календарной системы, ономастикона и антропонимической формулы) сделан вывод о том, что наиболее подверженными внешнему влиянию являлись система знаков для чисел и календарная система, при этом в ономастиконе и в антропонимической формуле изменения протекали существенно более медленно, не затрагивая при этом этничности владельцев предметов.
In the second part of the article, the description of the private signatured figurines of the eighteenth–nineteenth centuries, revealed in recent years, and belonging to the Armenian population of Crimea, is continued: three personalized rings (nos. 37–39) and nine signatured dishes (nos. 40–49) are published (the numbering continues from the Part I). In the final part of the work, all the subjects described in both parts of the article are analyzed. The used languages of the inscriptions, the epigraphic peculiarities of the Armenian writing (such as inscriptions made in erkatagir, “pressless erkatagir” and bolorgir scripts), as well as the functionality of the owner’s inscriptions are investigated. Anthroponomic formulas among the Armenian population of Crimea and their development in the fourteenth–nineteenth centuries are discussed, the time of the appearance of patronyms and surnames among Crimean Armenians is analyzed. The frequency of names within the identified onomastic complex and the possible reasons for its formation were studied (in comparison with the names from the colophons of the Armenian Crimean manuscripts of the fourteenth century and the names of the Armenians of Constantinople according to the census of 1455). A study of the design of the described objects was carried out, which revealed their closeness to the Greek and Arabographic Ottoman signed figurines (but not to signatured objects of Polish, South Caucasian or Persian Armenians). The various systems of chronology and dating used are analyzed. Based on the analysis of various aspects of the informational component of the Armenian private inscriptions (language, system of numbers, calendar system, onomasticon and anthroponomic formula), it was concluded that the system of numbers and the calendar system were most susceptible to external influence, while in the onomasticon and in the anthroponomic formula, changes proceeded much more slowly and without affecting the ethnicity of the objects’ owners.
![Research paper thumbnail of Новая находка арамейской надписи на территории Абхазии [Newly Discovered Aramaic Inscription From Abkhazia]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/64846238/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](THE XXXIst KRUPNOV’S READINGS, 2020
A short abecedarium in the first seven characters (אבגדהוז), made in a peculiar version of the Ar... more A short abecedarium in the first seven characters (אבגדהוז), made in a peculiar version of the Aramaic script, was discovered in Abkhazia.
![Research paper thumbnail of О локализации некоторых монетных дворов в Армении и Кавказской Албании (VIII - начало XIV века) [On the Localization of Several Mints in Armenia and Caucasian Albania (8th ‒ early 14th centuries)]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62757348/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Istoricheskaia Geografiia , 2019
The new localization and reading for mints located on the territory of historical Armenia and Cau... more The new localization and reading for mints located on the territory of historical Armenia and Caucasian Albania are discussed in the article. The reading of the mint for the Umayyad dirham 89 AH / 708 AD as “Albanāq” and its identity with (Caucasian) Albania proposed to be possible, but requires confirmation in other written sources, reliably attributed to the this region. The longstanding erroneous reading of the mint “Ma‘din Bājunays” was corrected – the mintname should be read as Ma‘din Bāḥunays with localisation in the Armenian region of Apahunikʽ (Apahunes). Still not a definitive the identification of the Mongol time mintplace “Būbū” with the village Bawonkʽ in the Aragacʽotn region of Armenia. The localization of Īlḫānid time mint Pol-i Āras (bridge over the Araxes) proved to be bonded not with Nakhjawān, but with the largest bridges on this river – Khodā Āferīn bridges, heavily used at the specified time.
Акопян А. В. Евгений Александрович Пахомов (1880–1965). В сб.: Эпиграфика Востока. Вып. 30. М.: И... more Акопян А. В. Евгений Александрович Пахомов (1880–1965). В сб.: Эпиграфика Востока. Вып. 30. М.: Институт востоковедения РАН, 2013. C. 310–321, 329.
[Акопян А. В.]. Библиография научных работ Е. А. Пахомова. В сб.: Эпиграфика Востока. Вып. 30. М.: Институт востоковедения РАН, 2013. C. 321–329.
84. Загадочные грузинские монеты на побережье Каспия // в кн.: Вопросы истории народов Кавказа. ―... more 84. Загадочные грузинские монеты на побережье Каспия // в кн.: Вопросы истории народов Кавказа. ― Тбилиси, 1966. ― С. 167–169.
72. Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып.... more 72. Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. VII. ― Баку: Изд-во АН АзССР, 1957. ― 124 с.
71. Борьба феодальных династий за Восточное Закавказье с половины XIV века. По монетным данным //... more 71. Борьба феодальных династий за Восточное Закавказье с половины XIV века. По монетным данным // Краткие сообщения Института истории материальной культуры. № 66. 1956. ― С. 47–50.
Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. VI.... more Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. VI. Баку: Изд-во АН АзССР, 1954. ― 92 с.
Е. А. Пахомов. Доисламские печати и резные камни Музея истории Азербайджана // МКА. Т. I. ― Баку:... more Е. А. Пахомов. Доисламские печати и резные камни Музея истории Азербайджана // МКА. Т. I. ― Баку: Изд-во АН АзССР, 1949. ― С. 104–110.
Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. V. ... more Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. V. ― Баку: Изд-во АН АзССР, 1949. ― 64 с.+5 вкл. карт.
Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. IV.... more Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. IV. ― Баку: Изд-во АН АзССР, 1949. ― 116 с.
53. Бардинский клад 1940 г. // Известия АзФАН. 1943. № 8. ― С. 77–82.
49. Чайкендский клад 1935 года. ― Баку: Изд-во АзФАН, 1941. ― 56 с. (вкл. 6 табл. илл.).
Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. III... more Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана и других республик, краев и областей Кавказа. Вып. III. ― Баку: Изд-во АзФАН, 1940. ― 92 с.
37. Арабские и прикаспийско-иранские феодалы в Азербайджане X–XI вв.
Е. А. Пахомов. Клады Азербайджана и других республик и краев Кавказа. Вып. II. [Труды Института И... more Е. А. Пахомов. Клады Азербайджана и других республик и краев Кавказа. Вып. II. [Труды Института Истории, языка и литературы. Т. II/41]. ― Баку: Изд-во АН АзССР, 1938. ― 102 с. + 1 вкл.(карта).
35. К описанию чекана Ани // Труды АзФАН. Т. 39* ― С. 137–140. Статья также издана отдельным отти... more 35. К описанию чекана Ани // Труды АзФАН. Т. 39* ― С. 137–140.
Статья также издана отдельным оттиском (Баку, 1936).
Выпускные данные со ссылкой на данный журнал были написаны от руки (библиотекарем?) на титульных листах отдельных оттисков статей №№ 34 и 35, хранящихся в ГПИБ (Москва), но периодического издания с названием Труды АзФАН мне отыскать не удалось; нет никаких сведений об этих статьях и в Известиях АзФАН.
32. Ганджинский клад 1929 г. и переломный момент арабской торговли в Закавказье // в кн.: Академи... more 32. Ганджинский клад 1929 г. и переломный момент арабской торговли в Закавказье // в кн.: Академику Н.Я. Марру. XLV. ― М.-Л.: Изд-во АН СССР, 1935. ― С. 737–747.
Статья также издана отдельным оттиском (Б/м., б/г.).
30. До дослiдження Дагестаньскоï стiни // Журнал «Схiднiй свiт». ― Киïв, 1930. № 10–11. ― С. 325–... more 30. До дослiдження Дагестаньскоï стiни // Журнал «Схiднiй свiт». ― Киïв, 1930. № 10–11. ― С. 325–331.
22. Вес и достоинство медной монеты Тифлиса XVII–XVIII вв. // Известия Восточного факультета Азер... more 22. Вес и достоинство медной монеты Тифлиса XVII–XVIII вв. // Известия Восточного факультета Азербайджанского государственного университета. Востоковедение. Т. III. 1928. ― С. 87–109.
Статья также издана отдельным оттиском (Баку, 1928).
20. О нескольких медных монетах, чеканенных в Армении в XIII–XIV в.в. // Известия Кавказского ист... more 20. О нескольких медных монетах, чеканенных в Армении в XIII–XIV в.в. // Известия Кавказского историко-археологического института. Т. VI. ― Тифлис, 1927. ― С. 148–164.
Статья также издана отдельным оттиском (Тифлис, 1927).
![Research paper thumbnail of r4) R. Vasmer. E. A. Pachomow. Monetnyje klady Azerbajǧana (Die Münzfunde von Azerbajǧan) [Rezension]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/53790102/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](R4. Vasmer R. E.A. Pachomow. Monetnyje klady Azerbajǧana (Die Münzfunde von Azerbajǧan) [Rezensio... more R4. Vasmer R. E.A. Pachomow. Monetnyje klady Azerbajǧana (Die Münzfunde von Azerbajǧan) [Rezension] // Zeitschrift für Numismatik. Bd. XXXVI. ― Berlin, 1926. ― S. 272–279.
Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана. Вып. I. [Труды ООИА. Вып. 3]. ― Баку: ООИА, 1926. ― 1... more Е. А. Пахомов. Монетные клады Азербайджана. Вып. I. [Труды ООИА. Вып. 3]. ― Баку: ООИА, 1926. ― 100 с.
9. О монете Корикэ куропалата // Известия Кавказского историко-археологического института. Т. III... more 9. О монете Корикэ куропалата // Известия Кавказского историко-археологического института. Т. III. 1925. ― C. 37–48.
Статья также издана отдельным оттиском (Тифлис, 1925).
Index of mints, mentioned in the "Sekkehā-ye Āq Qoyunlu ve mabnā-ye vahdat-e hokumat-e Safaviyeh ... more Index of mints, mentioned in the "Sekkehā-ye Āq Qoyunlu ve mabnā-ye vahdat-e hokumat-e Safaviyeh dar Irān" of S. J. Torabi Tabataba'i, [Tabriz], Bahman 2535 shahanshahi year (1977).
ΠΟΛΥΤΡΟΠΟΣ, 2014
“ΠΟΛΥΤΡΟΠΟΣ.” COLLECTION OF ARTICLES IN MEMORY OF DR. ARKADY A. MOLCHANOV (1947–2010). Ed. by Tat... more “ΠΟΛΥΤΡΟΠΟΣ.” COLLECTION OF ARTICLES IN MEMORY OF DR. ARKADY A. MOLCHANOV (1947–2010). Ed. by Tatjana N. Jackson and Alexander V. Akopyan. Moscow: Indrik, 2014. 456 pp. + XIII full-colour plates. In Russian, with English / French summaries.
Institute of General History of Russian Academy of Science presented a book in memoriam a prominent Russian numismatist, liguist and historian Arkady A. Molchanov.
Нумизматические чтения Государственного Исторического музея 2016 года. Москва, 22 и 23 ноября 2016 г. Материалы докладов и сообщений. М., 2016., 2016
Сборник содержит материалы к докладам по античной, византийской, восточной, западноевропейской и ... more Сборник содержит материалы к докладам по античной, византийской, восточной, западноевропейской и русской нумизматике, а также исследования в области бонистики, фалеристики, медальерного искусства и истории нумизматики.
Сборник посвящён памяти Нины Андреевны Фроловой, сотруднице Отдела нумизматики Государственного И... more Сборник посвящён памяти Нины Андреевны Фроловой, сотруднице Отдела нумизматики Государственного Исторического музея, крупнейшего специалиста по античной нумизматике. Он содержит материалы к докладам по античной, византийской, восточной, западноевропейской и русской нумизматике, а также исследования по бонистике, фалеристике, истории медальерного искусства и истории нумизматики.