Salut Muhidin | Macquarie University (original) (raw)

Papers by Salut Muhidin

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Migration

Transformation of Australia's Population …, 1999

Martin Bell is Professor at the Queensland Centre for Population Research, School of Geography, P... more Martin Bell is Professor at the Queensland Centre for Population Research, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, at the University of Queensland. E-mail: martin.bell@uq.edu.au. ... Salut Muhidin is Postdoctoral Fellow in the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Women empowerment in reproductive health: a systematic review of measurement properties

BMC Women's Health

Introduction There is a considerable dearth of official metrics for women empowerment, which is p... more Introduction There is a considerable dearth of official metrics for women empowerment, which is pivotal to observe universal progress towards Sustainable Development Goals 5, targeting "achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.” This study aimed to introduce, critically appraise, and summarize the measurement properties of women empowerment scales in sexual and reproductive health. Methods A comprehensive systematic literature search through several international electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Science Direct was performed on September 2020, without a time limit. All studies aimed to develop and validate a measurement of women empowerment in sexual and reproductive health were included. The quality assessment was performed through a rating scale addressing the six criteria, including: a priori explicit theoretical framework, evaluating content validity, internal consistency, and factor analysis to assess structural validity. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Kolaborasi Bidan dan Bidan Kampung pada Masyarakat Dayak Siang-Murung: Sebuah Etnografi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak

Antropologi Indonesia, Sep 22, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of 赤血球凝集 ha ならびに同抑制 hi 試験に用いる赤血球の新しい固定法

The Japanese Society for Virology, 1981

Research paper thumbnail of How many overseas Indonesians are there

" One insistent question in recent discussions on the Indonesian diaspora relates to its... more " One insistent question in recent discussions on the Indonesian diaspora relates to its size. In order to answer such a question, this paper aims to stimulate discussions on the estimated size and distribution of the Indonesian diaspora. This discussion paper is structured as follows. First, we outline two problems associated with the large variance of current estimates of the size of the diaspora: its definition and data source. After outlining these various estimates, we explore results from a dataset on the international migrant stock to look at the distribution and the growth of Indonesian-born migrants in recent years. Since the dataset primarily counts target Indonesian-born international migrants only, we then use a case study of detailed tabulations from the 2011 Australian Population Census. Here, we use data on ancestry, country of birth, and language spoken at home, to illustrate how the size of the Indonesian diaspora in Australia may be potentially different to the one estimated using the international migrant stock data. "

Research paper thumbnail of Time to overhaul RI's public health system

In their campaigns, our three presidential candidates have largely concentrated on economic issue... more In their campaigns, our three presidential candidates have largely concentrated on economic issues, including macro and micro economics, but we need to remember that the nation is also facing other no less urgent issues such as the health of the population. It is disappointing that so far the three candidates have only focused a little on their health platforms. Many cases have emerged recently relating to issues of public health. For example, the report on food and drinking water poisoning at some schools resulting from hygiene and sanitation issues. Based on the Yogyakarta-based Gadjah Mada University (UGM) research in 2009, catering services were involved in 65 percent of reported cases of food poisoning, followed by small scale food industries (19 percent) and household foods (16 percent)...

Research paper thumbnail of Climate-Related Displacement and Antenatal Care Service Utilization in Rural Bangladesh

International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2020

CONTEXT Extreme weather events cause large-scale population displacement in Bangladesh. It is imp... more CONTEXT Extreme weather events cause large-scale population displacement in Bangladesh. It is important to know how household displacement due to such events might affect women's antenatal care (ANC) service utilization. METHODS In 2017, a cross-sectional household survey was conducted in 25 rural villages in either displacement prone or non-displacement prone areas of Bangladesh. Data were collected from 611 respondents (a woman or her husband) who reported having had a live birth in the past three years; of those, 289 had experienced household displacement due to an extreme weather event. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between experience of household displacement and women's ANC service utilization during their last pregnancy resulting in a live birth. RESULTS Eighty-three percent of women had received at least one ANC visit during their last pregnancy resulting in a live birth; of those, 31% received at least four visits with a trained provider. Women from households that had been displaced three or more times were less likely than those from nondisplaced households to have received an ANC visit and at least four visits with a trained provider (odds ratios, 0.3 and 0.4, respectively). Receiving at least four visits with a trained provider was also associated with having previous children (0.3-0.4), age at pregnancy (2.5-3.9), husband's occupation (2.2 for "other") and joint parental decision-making about ANC visits (1.8). CONCLUSIONS Strengthening family planning services and extending eligibility for Bangladesh's Maternity Allowance benefits in the areas prone to floods and riverbank erosion are recommended to improve ANC service utilization.

Research paper thumbnail of Climate-related displacement, impoverishment and healthcare accessibility in mainland Bangladesh

Asian Population Studies, 2020

ABSTRACT This paper examines the experiences of people displaced internally by climate-related fa... more ABSTRACT This paper examines the experiences of people displaced internally by climate-related factors in mainland Bangladesh, one of the world's most climate-vulnerable countries. The data derives from a representative survey of 1,200 households drawn equally from displacement-susceptible areas and areas without climate-related displacement. Comparisons are drawn on the basis of four variables: the displaced versus the non-displaced; before displacement versus after displacement; people displaced suddenly versus those displaced gradually; and the frequency of past displacement. The displaced experience multiple disadvantages, including reduced land ownership and reduced access to electricity, sanitary toilets and healthcare services. The disadvantage is greater following sudden displacement and among those who have been displaced multiple times. The impact on the time and cost of accessing healthcare are greater after displacement. The disadvantage of the displaced, thus, is a function of interactions between exposure to natural disaster, impoverishment and lack of access to health services.

Research paper thumbnail of Mapping schools' NAPLAN results: a spatial inequality of school outcomes in Australia

Geographical Research, 2018

This article identifies spatial dimensions of educational outcomes using maps of the 2016 Grade 5... more This article identifies spatial dimensions of educational outcomes using maps of the 2016 Grade 5 reading results for Australia's National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy for all Australian schools. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to overlay schools' results onto suburbs' advantage or disadvantage to visualise spatial patterns. We then examined the extent to which school results "cluster" in socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged suburbs and considered the consistency of spatial patterns for results across major cities. That work illustrates both how GIS can foreground educational inequality and how "the spatial" is more than corollary for student socioeconomic status. Results show substantial differences between urban and remote areas and towns of different size. Maps of cities visualise spatial "clustering" patterns of school results, with most schools in advantaged suburbs having high results and almost no schools in disadvantaged suburbs having high results. Educational outcomes strongly align to local sociodemographic characteristics, and parallel host communities' levels of advantage or disadvantage. Differences between public and private schools are less significant than within-sector differences for schools in advantaged or disadvantaged locales. Patterns in all cities are consistent-schools in advantaged suburbs predominantly have high results, whereas non-government schools generally perform better than government schools in disadvantaged suburbs. Most concerning is the persistent and increasing trajectory of results in advantaged, and more so in disadvantaged suburbs, of all cities since the first National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy in 2008. Ameliorating spatial inequality between primary schools is one of the greatest challenges for Australians.

Research paper thumbnail of The Health status of children and newborns in Indonesia: in brief

Research paper thumbnail of Migrated hoursehold in Indonesia: an exploration of the intercensal survey data| Macquarie University ResearchOnline

Macquarie University ResearchOnline.

Research paper thumbnail of Planning for social inclusion in a multicultural urban South East Queensland

Australian Planner, 2010

South East Queensland is projected to grow by an estimated 1.3 million people over the next 20 ye... more South East Queensland is projected to grow by an estimated 1.3 million people over the next 20 years. To date, much of the debate on how best to respond to this unprecedented rate of growth has focused attention on the need to provide better infrastructure, more housing and to sustain and protect ecosystems and habitats. Less attention has been paid

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of household's climate-related displacement on delivery and postnatal care service utilization in rural Bangladesh

Social Science & Medicine, 2020

Exposure to extreme climate events causes population displacement and adversely affects the healt... more Exposure to extreme climate events causes population displacement and adversely affects the health of mothers and children in multiple ways. This paper investigates the effects of displacement on whether a child is delivered at a health center, as opposed to at home, and on postnatal care service utilization in Bangladesh. Using crosssectional survey data from 599 mothers who gave birth in the three years prior to the date of interview, including 278 from households which had previously been displaced and 231 from households which had not been displaced, we use multivariate logistic regression to identify the factors associated with maternal healthcare service utilization. The results show that displaced households' mothers are only about a quarter as likely to deliver at a health center as mothers from non-displaced households. The use of health center-based delivery decreases as the numbers of past displacements increases. Higher number of previous children, lower use of antenatal care during pregnancy, lower household income, and lack of access to radio/television also significantly reduce a mother's likelihood of delivery at a health center. Displaced mothers are also substantially less likely to use postnatal care services for their neonates, especially those supplied by trained providers. Use of health facilities for delivery, use of antenatal care services, and previous number of children are other important predictors of postnatal care service utilization for neonates. In light of these findings, relocation of local health facilities with basic and emergency care provisions to areas in which the displaced have resettled, reinforcement of Family Planning services, and extension of coverage of the Maternity Allowance benefits in the displacementprone mainland riverine areas are recommended policy responses.

Research paper thumbnail of Indonesia Diaspora Network – Research and Development (IDN- R&D) Discussion Paper Series No.1/2013

A recent shift in the Government of Indonesia’s foreign policy outlook has witnessed emerging int... more A recent shift in the Government of Indonesia’s foreign policy outlook has witnessed emerging interests towards the untapped potential of Indonesians abroad. However, academic research on the Indonesian Diaspora remains scant, and at its current stage, the literature suffers from a lack of synergy across the many disciplinary fields. The Indonesia Diaspora Network–Research and Development Discussion Paper Series aim to provide a collection of empirical insights pertinent for any scholarly discussion and future data-driven policy initiatives on the Indonesian Diaspora. We

Research paper thumbnail of Multiregional population projection for Indonesia : 1995-2020

Research paper thumbnail of Indonesia equity report

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence from the 2000 Survey on Migration/Urbanization and Environment

Short Abstract (149 words).This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysi... more Short Abstract (149 words).This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysis of migration and fertility using biographic data from a developing country. The analyses are based on the exceptional reliable survey data, EMIUB which was conducted in Burkina Faso in 2000. The study utilizes samples of 4,568 women who were aged 15-64 at the time of survey. The respondents had provided completed biographic histories on fertility (births), residential movements, marital status, and social-economies activities. Four hypotheses were tested in the study, namely: socialization, selection, disruption, and adaptation. Results of the analysis revealed that the effect of migration and urbanization is strong, both before and after controlling for the effects of certain covariates (i.e. age, cohort, marital and working statuses, education, and duration of residency). Continuously urban residents exhibit fertility rates that are about lower than rural women at every parity, even ...

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Migration Around the World: Some Empirical Comparisons

Research paper thumbnail of Migration and fertility in Burkina Faso: evidence from the 2000 Survey on migration/urbanisation and environment

This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysis of migration and fertilit... more This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysis of migration and fertility using biographic data from a developing country. The analyses are based on the exceptional reliable survey data, EMIUB which was conducted in Burkina Faso in 2000. The study utilizes samples of 4,568 women who were aged 15-64 at the time of survey. The respondents had provided completed biographic histories on fertility (births), residential movements, marital status, and social-economies activities. Results of the analysis revealed that four tested hypotheses (i.e. selection, adaptation, disruption, and socialization) robustly emerge in the effect of migration on fertility in Burkina Faso. For socialization effect, the study reveals that those who spent their childhood period extensively in urban areas have lower fertility than those originally from rural areas. Moreover, recent movers to urban areas are more likely to exhibit lower fertility rates (disruption) than their counterparts...

Research paper thumbnail of Indigenous Entrepreneurs in Australia: Past, Present, and Future

In the last decade, Indigenous enterprises and entrepreneurs have played an increasingly importan... more In the last decade, Indigenous enterprises and entrepreneurs have played an increasingly important role in Australia. This has not always been the case. Historically, Indigenous Australians have been excluded from the broader economy. However, more recently, the number of Indigenous businesses has significantly increased despite the limited access to capital and lower level of education. This chapter provides a historical perspective of Indigenous entrepreneurs in Australia and argues that entrepreneurial leadership development can play a critical role in developing Indigenous entrepreneurship. The historical context of Indigenous Australians is first discussed, and the current status of Indigenous entrepreneurs in Australia is then examined. In particular, we focus on entrepreneurship among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Finally, the importance of entrepreneurial leadership development in the future landscape of Indigenous entrepreneurship in Australia is highlig...

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Migration

Transformation of Australia's Population …, 1999

Martin Bell is Professor at the Queensland Centre for Population Research, School of Geography, P... more Martin Bell is Professor at the Queensland Centre for Population Research, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, at the University of Queensland. E-mail: martin.bell@uq.edu.au. ... Salut Muhidin is Postdoctoral Fellow in the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Women empowerment in reproductive health: a systematic review of measurement properties

BMC Women's Health

Introduction There is a considerable dearth of official metrics for women empowerment, which is p... more Introduction There is a considerable dearth of official metrics for women empowerment, which is pivotal to observe universal progress towards Sustainable Development Goals 5, targeting "achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.” This study aimed to introduce, critically appraise, and summarize the measurement properties of women empowerment scales in sexual and reproductive health. Methods A comprehensive systematic literature search through several international electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Science Direct was performed on September 2020, without a time limit. All studies aimed to develop and validate a measurement of women empowerment in sexual and reproductive health were included. The quality assessment was performed through a rating scale addressing the six criteria, including: a priori explicit theoretical framework, evaluating content validity, internal consistency, and factor analysis to assess structural validity. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Kolaborasi Bidan dan Bidan Kampung pada Masyarakat Dayak Siang-Murung: Sebuah Etnografi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak

Antropologi Indonesia, Sep 22, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of 赤血球凝集 ha ならびに同抑制 hi 試験に用いる赤血球の新しい固定法

The Japanese Society for Virology, 1981

Research paper thumbnail of How many overseas Indonesians are there

" One insistent question in recent discussions on the Indonesian diaspora relates to its... more " One insistent question in recent discussions on the Indonesian diaspora relates to its size. In order to answer such a question, this paper aims to stimulate discussions on the estimated size and distribution of the Indonesian diaspora. This discussion paper is structured as follows. First, we outline two problems associated with the large variance of current estimates of the size of the diaspora: its definition and data source. After outlining these various estimates, we explore results from a dataset on the international migrant stock to look at the distribution and the growth of Indonesian-born migrants in recent years. Since the dataset primarily counts target Indonesian-born international migrants only, we then use a case study of detailed tabulations from the 2011 Australian Population Census. Here, we use data on ancestry, country of birth, and language spoken at home, to illustrate how the size of the Indonesian diaspora in Australia may be potentially different to the one estimated using the international migrant stock data. "

Research paper thumbnail of Time to overhaul RI's public health system

In their campaigns, our three presidential candidates have largely concentrated on economic issue... more In their campaigns, our three presidential candidates have largely concentrated on economic issues, including macro and micro economics, but we need to remember that the nation is also facing other no less urgent issues such as the health of the population. It is disappointing that so far the three candidates have only focused a little on their health platforms. Many cases have emerged recently relating to issues of public health. For example, the report on food and drinking water poisoning at some schools resulting from hygiene and sanitation issues. Based on the Yogyakarta-based Gadjah Mada University (UGM) research in 2009, catering services were involved in 65 percent of reported cases of food poisoning, followed by small scale food industries (19 percent) and household foods (16 percent)...

Research paper thumbnail of Climate-Related Displacement and Antenatal Care Service Utilization in Rural Bangladesh

International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2020

CONTEXT Extreme weather events cause large-scale population displacement in Bangladesh. It is imp... more CONTEXT Extreme weather events cause large-scale population displacement in Bangladesh. It is important to know how household displacement due to such events might affect women's antenatal care (ANC) service utilization. METHODS In 2017, a cross-sectional household survey was conducted in 25 rural villages in either displacement prone or non-displacement prone areas of Bangladesh. Data were collected from 611 respondents (a woman or her husband) who reported having had a live birth in the past three years; of those, 289 had experienced household displacement due to an extreme weather event. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between experience of household displacement and women's ANC service utilization during their last pregnancy resulting in a live birth. RESULTS Eighty-three percent of women had received at least one ANC visit during their last pregnancy resulting in a live birth; of those, 31% received at least four visits with a trained provider. Women from households that had been displaced three or more times were less likely than those from nondisplaced households to have received an ANC visit and at least four visits with a trained provider (odds ratios, 0.3 and 0.4, respectively). Receiving at least four visits with a trained provider was also associated with having previous children (0.3-0.4), age at pregnancy (2.5-3.9), husband's occupation (2.2 for "other") and joint parental decision-making about ANC visits (1.8). CONCLUSIONS Strengthening family planning services and extending eligibility for Bangladesh's Maternity Allowance benefits in the areas prone to floods and riverbank erosion are recommended to improve ANC service utilization.

Research paper thumbnail of Climate-related displacement, impoverishment and healthcare accessibility in mainland Bangladesh

Asian Population Studies, 2020

ABSTRACT This paper examines the experiences of people displaced internally by climate-related fa... more ABSTRACT This paper examines the experiences of people displaced internally by climate-related factors in mainland Bangladesh, one of the world's most climate-vulnerable countries. The data derives from a representative survey of 1,200 households drawn equally from displacement-susceptible areas and areas without climate-related displacement. Comparisons are drawn on the basis of four variables: the displaced versus the non-displaced; before displacement versus after displacement; people displaced suddenly versus those displaced gradually; and the frequency of past displacement. The displaced experience multiple disadvantages, including reduced land ownership and reduced access to electricity, sanitary toilets and healthcare services. The disadvantage is greater following sudden displacement and among those who have been displaced multiple times. The impact on the time and cost of accessing healthcare are greater after displacement. The disadvantage of the displaced, thus, is a function of interactions between exposure to natural disaster, impoverishment and lack of access to health services.

Research paper thumbnail of Mapping schools' NAPLAN results: a spatial inequality of school outcomes in Australia

Geographical Research, 2018

This article identifies spatial dimensions of educational outcomes using maps of the 2016 Grade 5... more This article identifies spatial dimensions of educational outcomes using maps of the 2016 Grade 5 reading results for Australia's National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy for all Australian schools. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to overlay schools' results onto suburbs' advantage or disadvantage to visualise spatial patterns. We then examined the extent to which school results "cluster" in socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged suburbs and considered the consistency of spatial patterns for results across major cities. That work illustrates both how GIS can foreground educational inequality and how "the spatial" is more than corollary for student socioeconomic status. Results show substantial differences between urban and remote areas and towns of different size. Maps of cities visualise spatial "clustering" patterns of school results, with most schools in advantaged suburbs having high results and almost no schools in disadvantaged suburbs having high results. Educational outcomes strongly align to local sociodemographic characteristics, and parallel host communities' levels of advantage or disadvantage. Differences between public and private schools are less significant than within-sector differences for schools in advantaged or disadvantaged locales. Patterns in all cities are consistent-schools in advantaged suburbs predominantly have high results, whereas non-government schools generally perform better than government schools in disadvantaged suburbs. Most concerning is the persistent and increasing trajectory of results in advantaged, and more so in disadvantaged suburbs, of all cities since the first National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy in 2008. Ameliorating spatial inequality between primary schools is one of the greatest challenges for Australians.

Research paper thumbnail of The Health status of children and newborns in Indonesia: in brief

Research paper thumbnail of Migrated hoursehold in Indonesia: an exploration of the intercensal survey data| Macquarie University ResearchOnline

Macquarie University ResearchOnline.

Research paper thumbnail of Planning for social inclusion in a multicultural urban South East Queensland

Australian Planner, 2010

South East Queensland is projected to grow by an estimated 1.3 million people over the next 20 ye... more South East Queensland is projected to grow by an estimated 1.3 million people over the next 20 years. To date, much of the debate on how best to respond to this unprecedented rate of growth has focused attention on the need to provide better infrastructure, more housing and to sustain and protect ecosystems and habitats. Less attention has been paid

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of household's climate-related displacement on delivery and postnatal care service utilization in rural Bangladesh

Social Science & Medicine, 2020

Exposure to extreme climate events causes population displacement and adversely affects the healt... more Exposure to extreme climate events causes population displacement and adversely affects the health of mothers and children in multiple ways. This paper investigates the effects of displacement on whether a child is delivered at a health center, as opposed to at home, and on postnatal care service utilization in Bangladesh. Using crosssectional survey data from 599 mothers who gave birth in the three years prior to the date of interview, including 278 from households which had previously been displaced and 231 from households which had not been displaced, we use multivariate logistic regression to identify the factors associated with maternal healthcare service utilization. The results show that displaced households' mothers are only about a quarter as likely to deliver at a health center as mothers from non-displaced households. The use of health center-based delivery decreases as the numbers of past displacements increases. Higher number of previous children, lower use of antenatal care during pregnancy, lower household income, and lack of access to radio/television also significantly reduce a mother's likelihood of delivery at a health center. Displaced mothers are also substantially less likely to use postnatal care services for their neonates, especially those supplied by trained providers. Use of health facilities for delivery, use of antenatal care services, and previous number of children are other important predictors of postnatal care service utilization for neonates. In light of these findings, relocation of local health facilities with basic and emergency care provisions to areas in which the displaced have resettled, reinforcement of Family Planning services, and extension of coverage of the Maternity Allowance benefits in the displacementprone mainland riverine areas are recommended policy responses.

Research paper thumbnail of Indonesia Diaspora Network – Research and Development (IDN- R&D) Discussion Paper Series No.1/2013

A recent shift in the Government of Indonesia’s foreign policy outlook has witnessed emerging int... more A recent shift in the Government of Indonesia’s foreign policy outlook has witnessed emerging interests towards the untapped potential of Indonesians abroad. However, academic research on the Indonesian Diaspora remains scant, and at its current stage, the literature suffers from a lack of synergy across the many disciplinary fields. The Indonesia Diaspora Network–Research and Development Discussion Paper Series aim to provide a collection of empirical insights pertinent for any scholarly discussion and future data-driven policy initiatives on the Indonesian Diaspora. We

Research paper thumbnail of Multiregional population projection for Indonesia : 1995-2020

Research paper thumbnail of Indonesia equity report

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence from the 2000 Survey on Migration/Urbanization and Environment

Short Abstract (149 words).This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysi... more Short Abstract (149 words).This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysis of migration and fertility using biographic data from a developing country. The analyses are based on the exceptional reliable survey data, EMIUB which was conducted in Burkina Faso in 2000. The study utilizes samples of 4,568 women who were aged 15-64 at the time of survey. The respondents had provided completed biographic histories on fertility (births), residential movements, marital status, and social-economies activities. Four hypotheses were tested in the study, namely: socialization, selection, disruption, and adaptation. Results of the analysis revealed that the effect of migration and urbanization is strong, both before and after controlling for the effects of certain covariates (i.e. age, cohort, marital and working statuses, education, and duration of residency). Continuously urban residents exhibit fertility rates that are about lower than rural women at every parity, even ...

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Migration Around the World: Some Empirical Comparisons

Research paper thumbnail of Migration and fertility in Burkina Faso: evidence from the 2000 Survey on migration/urbanisation and environment

This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysis of migration and fertilit... more This study represents one of the study attempts on life course analysis of migration and fertility using biographic data from a developing country. The analyses are based on the exceptional reliable survey data, EMIUB which was conducted in Burkina Faso in 2000. The study utilizes samples of 4,568 women who were aged 15-64 at the time of survey. The respondents had provided completed biographic histories on fertility (births), residential movements, marital status, and social-economies activities. Results of the analysis revealed that four tested hypotheses (i.e. selection, adaptation, disruption, and socialization) robustly emerge in the effect of migration on fertility in Burkina Faso. For socialization effect, the study reveals that those who spent their childhood period extensively in urban areas have lower fertility than those originally from rural areas. Moreover, recent movers to urban areas are more likely to exhibit lower fertility rates (disruption) than their counterparts...

Research paper thumbnail of Indigenous Entrepreneurs in Australia: Past, Present, and Future

In the last decade, Indigenous enterprises and entrepreneurs have played an increasingly importan... more In the last decade, Indigenous enterprises and entrepreneurs have played an increasingly important role in Australia. This has not always been the case. Historically, Indigenous Australians have been excluded from the broader economy. However, more recently, the number of Indigenous businesses has significantly increased despite the limited access to capital and lower level of education. This chapter provides a historical perspective of Indigenous entrepreneurs in Australia and argues that entrepreneurial leadership development can play a critical role in developing Indigenous entrepreneurship. The historical context of Indigenous Australians is first discussed, and the current status of Indigenous entrepreneurs in Australia is then examined. In particular, we focus on entrepreneurship among the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Finally, the importance of entrepreneurial leadership development in the future landscape of Indigenous entrepreneurship in Australia is highlig...