Bahasa Gujarat (original) (raw)

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Bahasa Gujarat
ગુજરાતી Gujǎrātī
Sebutan	/gudʒ.(ə)'ɾat̪i/
Kawasan	India, Pakistan, Afrika Selatan, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Amerika Syarikat, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Kanada, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Penutur bahasa	46.1 juta[1]
Keluarga bahasa	Indo-Eropah Indo-Eropah Indo-Iran Indo-Aryan Indo-Aryan BaratBahasa Gujarat
Sistem penulisan	Tulisan Gujarati
Status rasmi
Bahasa rasmi di	Gujarat (India)[1][2]
Kod bahasa
ISO 639-1	gu
ISO 639-2	guj
ISO 639-3	guj
Sampel Sampel teksLogo Wikipedia dalam bahasa Gujarat yang berisi transkripsi "Wikipedia" (atas) ke dalam ortografi masing-masing dan slogan "Ensiklopedia Bebas" (bawah) yang diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa tersebut.Sampel teks lainnya

Bahasa Gujarat (ગુજરાતી Gujǎrātī) merupakan sebuah bahasa Indo-Arya yang merupakan bahasa tempatan Gujarat di India. Terdapat kira-kira 46 juta orang penutur Bahasa Gujarat di dunia, menjadi bahasa yang ke-26 terbanyak dituturkan di dunia. Bersama dengan Bahasa Romani dan Bahasa Sindh, Bahasa Gujarat merupakan bahasa yang paling barat di kalangan bahasa-bahasa Indo-Aryan. Bahasa Gujarat merupakan bahasa pertama bagi Mohandas K. Gandhi, "bapa kemerdekaan India", Mohammed Ali Jinnah, "bapa kemerdekaan Pakistan", dan Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, "orang besi India".

Bahasa Gujarat merupakan salah satu daripada 22 bahasa rasmi dan 14 bahasa tempatan India. Bahasa ini diiktiraf rasmi di Gujarat, India.

Keratan surat khabar ditulis dalam Gujarati Parsi, pada atau sebelum tahun 1892, tentang seorang Inggeris yang berbahasa Perancis.[3]

Loghat piawai yang diterima ialah penuturan dari kawasan Baroda ke Ahmedabad dan utara.[4] Ethnologue menyenaraikan loghat-loghat berikut dan subdivisinya.[1]

Gujarati Piawai
- Piawai Saurashtra
- Nagari
- Gujarati Bombay
- Patnuli
Gamadia
- Gramya
- Surati
- Anawla
- Brathela
- Gujarati Broach Timur
- Charotari
- Patidari
- Vadodari
- Ahmedabad
- Patani
Parsi
Kathiyawadi
- Jhalawadi
- Sorathi
- Holadi
- Gohilwadi
- Bhavnagari
Kharwa
Khakari
Tarimukhi
- Ghisadi

Bahasa Kutchi, juga dikenali sebagai Bahasa Khojki, sering dirujuk sebagai satu loghat Gujarati, namun kebanyakan ahli bahasa menganggapnya lebih rapat dengan Bahasa Sindhi.

Mirip dengan sistem tulisan Nāgarī yang lain, tulisan Gujarati adalah sejenis abugida. Tulisan ini digunakan untuk menulis Gujarati dan Bahasa Kutchi. Tulisan ini merupakan sejenis variasi tulisan Devanāgarī script dengan kehilangan garisan lurus di atas setiap huruf dan sedikit perubahan yang lain.

Gujarati dengan bahasa-bahasa yang berkait rapat boleh ditulis dalam abjad Arab atau tulisan Parsi. Ini dilakukan secara turun temurun di daerah Kutch di Gujarat.

^ a b c Gordon 2005
^ Dwyer 1995, halaman 5
^ Tisdall 1892, halaman 148
^ Cardona & Suthar 2003, halaman 661

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