Jessalyn Grumo | Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology (original) (raw)

Papers by Jessalyn Grumo

Research paper thumbnail of Corrosion protection properties of pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaves nanocellulose reinforced in epoxy nanocomposite coatings on mild steel

Materials Today: Proceedings

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Rice Straw-Based Polyols on the Morphology, Thermal and Spectral Properties of Polyurethane Foams

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2018

The influence of utilizing rice straw-based polyols on the morphology, thermal and spectral prope... more The influence of utilizing rice straw-based polyols on the morphology, thermal and spectral properties of polyurethane foam is reported. Utilization of rice straw as raw material was done through liquefaction process using ethylene glycol as solvent. It was found out that 30% replacement of rice straw-based polyols produced closed cell structures suitable for insulation material as revealed in Scanning electron microscope images. Higher percentage of rice straw-based polyols replacement will trigger cell wall structure rapturing that will deteriorate the properties of polyurethane foam. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the complete reaction of the hydroxyl and isocyanate groups takes place suggesting that high quality polyurethane foam was formed. Moreover, thermo-gravimetric analysis revealed that hard and soft segments degradation for the 30% rice straw-based polyols replacement is comparable with that of the petroleum-based polyols suggesting that bi...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Cellulose-Based Fibers Extracted from Pineapple (Ananas Comosus) Leaf in the Formation of Polyurethane Foam

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2017

New polyurethane foams were fabricated utilizing cellulose-based fibers extracted from pineapple ... more New polyurethane foams were fabricated utilizing cellulose-based fibers extracted from pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) leaf as raw material. The pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) were treated with alkali and subsequently bleached to enhance its fiber-matrix adhesion. Polyurethane composites have been prepared by incorporating 10% cellulose-based fibers extracted from PALF during polyurethane synthesis. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed that increase in the C-H and C-O vibrational modes absorption were observed when cellulose-based fibers were incorporated which might be attributed to the successful bonding of high purity cellulose-based fibers in the matrix of polyurethane foam. The physico-chemical, spectral and thermal properties of the polyurethane foam and the cellulose-based fibers reinforced polyurethane composites have been studied.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf to the mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020

Abstract The influence of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf fibers ... more Abstract The influence of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf fibers on polyurethane foam’s mechanical properties (PUF) is reported. The PUFs were reinforced with different weight ratios (1, 3, and 5 wt%) of cellulose fibers. The surface morphology of the extracted cellulose fibers was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The functional groups and vibrational modes of the reinforced PUFs were measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of cellulose fibers to the density and mechanical property of the PUFs were also investigated using universal testing Machine (UTM). Experimental results showed the absence of hemicellulose, lignin, and other soluble materials present in the pineapple leaves after alkaline treatment, suggesting high-quality cellulose fibers. Likewise, FTIR spectra revealed the presence of typical urethane linkages of PUFs suggesting the successful formation of PUFs with a varied amount of cellulose fibers. The mechanical properties of the PUFs with an increasing amount of cellulose fibers exhibit a decrease of the compressive strength of the fabricated PUFs may be due to the lack of cross-linking between the cellulose fibers and PUFs that will influence the reactivity in the system that eventually affects the polyurethane foam density expansion.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Varying Amount of Blowing Agent

Key Engineering Materials, 2019

We report on the rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with varying amount of blowing agent. The effects... more We report on the rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with varying amount of blowing agent. The effects of blowing agent in the formation of polyurethane will be characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SEM images revealed that varying the amount of blowing agent will significantly change the surface morphology of the resulting RPUF. The average cell size of the RPUF increases with increasing amount of blowing agent. Moreover, FTIR results revealed the presence of functional group related to formation of urethane bonds such as N-H, C=O, C=N and C-O-C stretching suggesting that polyurethane foam was successfully synthesized. This simple and straightforward process of RPUF using water as blowing agent will be economical.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Cellulose Fibers on the Formation of Petroleum-Based and Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams

Key Engineering Materials, 2019

We report on the effect of cellulose fibers on the formation of petroleum-based and bio-based pol... more We report on the effect of cellulose fibers on the formation of petroleum-based and bio-based polyurethane foams. The fabricated polyurethane foams (PUF) were done by reacting isocyanate with petroleum-based polyol and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO)-based polyols via hand mixing. The addition of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf was done to enhance the properties of the fabricated PUF. Experimental results revealed that surface morphology of the fabricated polyurethane foams with addition of cellulose fibers remain the well-defined cell structures as shown in the scanning electron micrographs although few cell ruptures were observed. Likewise, the presence of the vibrational modes of the NCO and OH were confirmed in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra suggesting that successful formation of polyurethane foams takes place. The thermogravimetric results revealed that much higher thermal stability for the 100% ESBO-based PUF with cellulose fibers ...

Research paper thumbnail of ALKALI AND BLEACH TREATMENT OF THE EXTRACTED CELLULOSE FROM PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus) LEAVES

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2017

We successfully extracted cellulose from pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus) using alkalitreatment ... more We successfully extracted cellulose from pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus) using alkalitreatment and bleaching. Alkali treatment was done using aqueous sodium hydroxide whilebleaching was done using acetate buffer and aqueous sodium chlorite. The extracted cellulosewas characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential thermal analysis(DTA). SEM micrographs revealed that alkali treatment removed the impurities in thepineapple leaf fibers and subsequent bleaching further purify the fibers leaving mostlycellulose only while hemicellulose and lignin are removed as revealed in the FTIR spectra.TGA spectra further revealed that alkali + bleached treated sample slowly degrade attemperature between 160 °C and 355 °C suggesting that small amount of hemicellulose andlignin are present as compared to the untreated sample. This finding was also confirmed in the DTA spectra suggesting that high...

Research paper thumbnail of Corrosion protection properties of pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaves nanocellulose reinforced in epoxy nanocomposite coatings on mild steel

Materials Today: Proceedings

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of Rice Straw-Based Polyols on the Morphology, Thermal and Spectral Properties of Polyurethane Foams

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2018

The influence of utilizing rice straw-based polyols on the morphology, thermal and spectral prope... more The influence of utilizing rice straw-based polyols on the morphology, thermal and spectral properties of polyurethane foam is reported. Utilization of rice straw as raw material was done through liquefaction process using ethylene glycol as solvent. It was found out that 30% replacement of rice straw-based polyols produced closed cell structures suitable for insulation material as revealed in Scanning electron microscope images. Higher percentage of rice straw-based polyols replacement will trigger cell wall structure rapturing that will deteriorate the properties of polyurethane foam. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the complete reaction of the hydroxyl and isocyanate groups takes place suggesting that high quality polyurethane foam was formed. Moreover, thermo-gravimetric analysis revealed that hard and soft segments degradation for the 30% rice straw-based polyols replacement is comparable with that of the petroleum-based polyols suggesting that bi...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Cellulose-Based Fibers Extracted from Pineapple (Ananas Comosus) Leaf in the Formation of Polyurethane Foam

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2017

New polyurethane foams were fabricated utilizing cellulose-based fibers extracted from pineapple ... more New polyurethane foams were fabricated utilizing cellulose-based fibers extracted from pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) leaf as raw material. The pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) were treated with alkali and subsequently bleached to enhance its fiber-matrix adhesion. Polyurethane composites have been prepared by incorporating 10% cellulose-based fibers extracted from PALF during polyurethane synthesis. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed that increase in the C-H and C-O vibrational modes absorption were observed when cellulose-based fibers were incorporated which might be attributed to the successful bonding of high purity cellulose-based fibers in the matrix of polyurethane foam. The physico-chemical, spectral and thermal properties of the polyurethane foam and the cellulose-based fibers reinforced polyurethane composites have been studied.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf to the mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam

Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020

Abstract The influence of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf fibers ... more Abstract The influence of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf fibers on polyurethane foam’s mechanical properties (PUF) is reported. The PUFs were reinforced with different weight ratios (1, 3, and 5 wt%) of cellulose fibers. The surface morphology of the extracted cellulose fibers was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The functional groups and vibrational modes of the reinforced PUFs were measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of cellulose fibers to the density and mechanical property of the PUFs were also investigated using universal testing Machine (UTM). Experimental results showed the absence of hemicellulose, lignin, and other soluble materials present in the pineapple leaves after alkaline treatment, suggesting high-quality cellulose fibers. Likewise, FTIR spectra revealed the presence of typical urethane linkages of PUFs suggesting the successful formation of PUFs with a varied amount of cellulose fibers. The mechanical properties of the PUFs with an increasing amount of cellulose fibers exhibit a decrease of the compressive strength of the fabricated PUFs may be due to the lack of cross-linking between the cellulose fibers and PUFs that will influence the reactivity in the system that eventually affects the polyurethane foam density expansion.

Research paper thumbnail of Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Varying Amount of Blowing Agent

Key Engineering Materials, 2019

We report on the rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with varying amount of blowing agent. The effects... more We report on the rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with varying amount of blowing agent. The effects of blowing agent in the formation of polyurethane will be characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SEM images revealed that varying the amount of blowing agent will significantly change the surface morphology of the resulting RPUF. The average cell size of the RPUF increases with increasing amount of blowing agent. Moreover, FTIR results revealed the presence of functional group related to formation of urethane bonds such as N-H, C=O, C=N and C-O-C stretching suggesting that polyurethane foam was successfully synthesized. This simple and straightforward process of RPUF using water as blowing agent will be economical.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Cellulose Fibers on the Formation of Petroleum-Based and Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams

Key Engineering Materials, 2019

We report on the effect of cellulose fibers on the formation of petroleum-based and bio-based pol... more We report on the effect of cellulose fibers on the formation of petroleum-based and bio-based polyurethane foams. The fabricated polyurethane foams (PUF) were done by reacting isocyanate with petroleum-based polyol and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO)-based polyols via hand mixing. The addition of cellulose fibers extracted from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf was done to enhance the properties of the fabricated PUF. Experimental results revealed that surface morphology of the fabricated polyurethane foams with addition of cellulose fibers remain the well-defined cell structures as shown in the scanning electron micrographs although few cell ruptures were observed. Likewise, the presence of the vibrational modes of the NCO and OH were confirmed in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra suggesting that successful formation of polyurethane foams takes place. The thermogravimetric results revealed that much higher thermal stability for the 100% ESBO-based PUF with cellulose fibers ...

Research paper thumbnail of ALKALI AND BLEACH TREATMENT OF THE EXTRACTED CELLULOSE FROM PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus) LEAVES

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2017

We successfully extracted cellulose from pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus) using alkalitreatment ... more We successfully extracted cellulose from pineapple leaves (Ananas comosus) using alkalitreatment and bleaching. Alkali treatment was done using aqueous sodium hydroxide whilebleaching was done using acetate buffer and aqueous sodium chlorite. The extracted cellulosewas characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential thermal analysis(DTA). SEM micrographs revealed that alkali treatment removed the impurities in thepineapple leaf fibers and subsequent bleaching further purify the fibers leaving mostlycellulose only while hemicellulose and lignin are removed as revealed in the FTIR spectra.TGA spectra further revealed that alkali + bleached treated sample slowly degrade attemperature between 160 °C and 355 °C suggesting that small amount of hemicellulose andlignin are present as compared to the untreated sample. This finding was also confirmed in the DTA spectra suggesting that high...