jane karonjo | Mt Kenya University (original) (raw)

Papers by jane karonjo

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jun 22, 2024

The well-being of women before, during, and after delivery is referred to as "maternal health". N... more The well-being of women before, during, and after delivery is referred to as "maternal health". Numerous lives may be saved by maternal health care services despite the fact that millions of women of reproductive age die during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period. More women are able to prevent short and long-term maternal disabilities and illnesses such as fistulas, infertility and depression. Kenya has developed a number of policies to improve maternal health. One such policy is the free maternity services policy that allows all pregnant mothers to have access to free maternity services in government facilities across the country. Free maternity services policy allows for provision of free delivery services to expectant women in health facilities run by the Kenyan Government. 189 nations ratified the Millennium Declaration and pledged to accomplish eight objectives by the turn of the twenty-first century. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive research design targeting population of 51,770 women of childbearing age in Imenti South Sub County. The sample size consisted of 100 respondents (women of childbearing aged between 18-49 years). The study employed qualitative and quantitative sampling methods. The sampling procedure was simple random sampling and purposive sampling. Data collection instruments were by questionnaires and observation schedule. Data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and results displayed using tables, bar charts, pie charts and presented using percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations. Analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Uptake of maternity services. The negative attitude of health care workers greatly influenced Uptake of maternity services. Limited uptake was also linked to poor development of health infrastructure and usage of the facility, which ultimately influenced Uptake of maternity services. Awareness did not match Uptake of maternity services. The study concluded that social demographic factors, client related factors and health facility-related factors can influence the success or failure of Uptake of maternity services by women. It recommended a rights-based approach when designing and delivering free maternity services, strengthening client satisfaction programs and adopting a broader bottom-up approach when engaging rural women to ensure effective development of health infrastructure and usage of the facility. further suggestions for future research was recommended, including studies that explore attitudes and behaviours in varied settings, factors promoting positive attitudes and behaviours, and the effectiveness of interventions to address negative patient experiences in both three-level and other health facilities in Kenya. .

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Sep 5, 2023

Partograph is graphical tool presentation of key data during the progress of labor. The observati... more Partograph is graphical tool presentation of key data during the progress of labor. The observations of the mother are interpreted by a midwife or an obstetrician to make conclusions to whether the condition of the mother and fetus is fine. This tool alerts the skilled birth attendants of pending risk of the mother or fetus through the observations and action taken without delay. Worldwide the Maternal Mortality Rate is 400/ 100,000 live births. A woman from developing world is 100 times more probable to die during pregnancy or child birth than a woman from a developed country. The purpose of the study is to develop a model to promote partograph utilization by midwives during management of mothers in labour in selected hospitals in Kenya so as to reduce Maternal Mortality rate related to delivery.

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications

Open Journal of Nursing, May 10, 2021

Introduction: Modern family planning methods (MFPM) prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce fertilit... more Introduction: Modern family planning methods (MFPM) prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce fertility rate, and increase the interval between pregnancies. They prevent pregnancy by preventing fertilization or implantation of the fertilized ovum. MFPM include tubal ligation (TL), vasectomy, oral contraceptive pills, the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), depot injections, sub-dermal implants, and male and female condoms. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of modern family planning methods (MFPM) among women of reproductive age (18 - 49 years) at the Mathari North Health Center in Nairobi County, Kenya. Methods: The study conducted among women of reproductive age at Mathare North Health Center in Nairobi was a cross-sectional descriptive survey between March 2016 and November 2018. It provided both qualitative and quantitative data. The sample size comprised of 274 women of reproductive age, i.e. (18 - 49 years) attending antenatal and postnatal clinics at the facility. Those excluded were women below 18 years of age, as they could not give consent according to Kenyan Laws. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire, which consisted of socio-demographic and characteristics, knowledge of modern family planning methods and distance from the facility. Likert scale was used to ensure that data was tabulated on daily basis and subjected to statistical manipulation using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The four leading MFPM in use in order of acceptability were injectables, implants, intrauterine contraceptive device and pills in that order. 91% of respondents were aware or had heard about modern family planning methods. Level of education of mother and father were the two variables that influenced the uptake of MFPM with p-values of 0.0260 and 0.025, respectively. The study further found that knowledge of MFPM had a significant influence on their assimilation and utilization. All secondary variables considered in the research exhibit a substantial relationship concerning the use of MFPM. Conclusion: Communities around Mathari North Health Center need to be given information; education and counselling on MFPM to enable them make an informed decision and choice on their preferred method of family planning.

International journal of scientific and research publications, Jun 26, 2020

Choice of a place for delivery is important because this prevents maternal death, in support of S... more Choice of a place for delivery is important because this prevents maternal death, in support of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In Kenya, according to KDHS (2014) 62% of the women chose a health facility as a place, 38% chose to deliver at home, while in Laikipia County 48.8% were seen to choose to deliver at home. The specific objectives were assessing the demographic cultural and the facility determinants of choice of a place for delivery. A descriptive cross-sectional research design is what the study adopted. A systematic random sampling technique was done among a calculated sample of 265 clients who met the inclusion criterion. Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software package was used for the analysis. Chi square test was used to establish the association. The major findings were that 60.0 %(n=160) of the respondents delivered in a government hospital, 25.7 %(n=68) in a private hospital while 14.0 %(n=37) had their delivery at home. The significant demographic determinants to this, were age, (p-value, χ2 =56.941, df=6, p<0.001) and education (p-value, χ2 =77.177, df=6, p<0.001). Marital status (p-value,χ2 =13.083, df=8, p=0.109), and respondents occupation(p-value ,χ2 =19.764, df=10, p=0.032) were not. Cultural determinants of Ethnicity, had 69.81% (n=185) of the respondents coming from the kikuyu community, 7.92% (n=21) from Samburu community, 6.04% (n=16) from Turkana community 6.42% (n=17) Kalenjin. Husbands and elderly women influenced where respondents to choose for delivery. The health facility determinants, where 62.6% (n=166) of the respondents covered a distance< 5KM, 37.4% (n=99) covered >5km which 78% of those who delivered at home covered. This however, was not statistically, significant, (p-value, (χ2 =37.978, df=2, p<0.001), although that the likelihood to choose to deliver at home increased with the likelihood of residing a distance of >5KM away from a health facility. Preference of company specifically spouse and mother (86%), was significant; (p-value, χ2 =24.886, df=6, p<0.001).In conclusion, the null hypotheses were rejected. The study recommends accelerated health education on importance of hospital delivery using strategies responsive and sensitive to specific communities in the county, as well as encouraging education and economic empowerment of men and women. The hospital staffs may consider allowing preferred birth companions within the hospital setup, ensure short waiting time for clients and have strategies that would allow more interactions between health workers and clients before and during labor and delivery.

International journal of scientific and research publications, Apr 12, 2018

Back ground: Early identification of life threatening signs of deterioration, timely escalation o... more Back ground: Early identification of life threatening signs of deterioration, timely escalation or reporting of the changes, coupled with timely review and management of the patient is fundamental in improving if not maximizing patient's safety. Various studies have revealed that physiological anomalies exist before patients are rushed to intensive care unit or even succumb. Modified early obstetrics warning signs (MEOWS) chart is developed for the obstetric population for the purpose of enabling early signs of deterioration, timely escalation and review of patient. Study objective: To determine the influence of modified early obstetrics warning signs chart in early detection of obstetric emergencies by midwives at the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi. Methodology: Cross-sectional study design method was used. All nurses and midwives working in labour and postnatal wards were targeted. A total of 42 respondents were recruited from whom data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Systematic random sampling was done to get 321files with MEOWS chart. Two key informants participated in the study. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) mainly by use of descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics included mode, mean, median, standard deviation. Data was presented by use of graphs, pie charts and tables. Findings: Results showed that majority of respondents acknowledged that MEOWS chart enables early detection of obstetrics warning signs. Most users also indicated that Color coding, alerts them of possible signs of deterioration. Most respondents also, agreed that the chart provide clear instructions on escalation and prioritization of care. However, responds by doctors, to escalations within a duration of 10min was not always adhered to. Results from the charts revealed that documentation of physiological parameters and observable variables differences was key in early trigger of warning signs and timely escalations. Conclusion: Appropriate use of MEOWS enables early detection of obstetrics warning signs, timely escalation of triggers and management of patient.

EPH - International Journal of Medical and Health Science

Background: More than 70% of cancer patients will experience cancer-related pain in the course of... more Background: More than 70% of cancer patients will experience cancer-related pain in the course of the disease. Nurses have a key role in cancer pain management by accurate assessment, prompt intervention, and adequate evaluation of pain relief measures for better cancer-related pain control. To enhance this, World Health Organization (WHO) developed a 3-step analgesic ladder in 1986 to guide cancer-related pain management worldwide. Objective: To determine cancer-related pain management practices by nurses at the Nakuru County Referral Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study targeted all nurses working at Nakuru County Referral Hospital; systematic random sampling was used to select the respondents where every 2nd nurse was selected. A pre-test was done at the Naivasha County Referral Hospital on 10 %( 23) of the sample. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire for nurses, and a checklist for nurse managers who were the k...

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health

Background: Globally, in the year 2020, 2.4 million children died with the likelihood of a child ... more Background: Globally, in the year 2020, 2.4 million children died with the likelihood of a child in Sub-Saharan Africa to die in their first month after birth being ten times higher compared to that in developed countries. Infection is a leading cause of mortality among infants with a significant number being attributed to umbilical cord infections. The aim of the study was to assess cord care practices and the associated factors among mothers and care givers at the Mombasa County referral hospital in Kenya. Methods: This was a facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the maternal child health/family planning clinic at a level 5 public health facility in Mombasa County, Kenya. Systematic random sampling was employed to select study respondents. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The association of the dependent and independent variables was assessed using Pearson Chi-square statistics. A p<0.05 was considered significant at 95% CI. Results:...

BMC Public Health, Jul 24, 2018

Background: Reproductive health knowledge is vital in the growth and development of young people ... more Background: Reproductive health knowledge is vital in the growth and development of young people and this impact greatly on their educational and personal outcome as they proceed to adulthood. There has been an increasing occurrence of sexually transmitted infections in institutions of higher learning. The study sought out the strategies used by university students to prevent unplanned pregnancy and determined their knowledge of contraception methods and sexually transmitted infections in Mount Kenya University, main campus. Methods: Stratified sampling was employed. After a signed consent was obtained, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were explored, analyzed and percentages used to quantify the level of knowledge. Pearson's chi-square was used to measure associations between categorical variables and independent t-test used to measure the means and relationships of continuous variables. Results: Condom use was established as the most prevalent strategy in prevention of unplanned pregnancy at 48.5 and 46.4% in prevention of STI and HIV/AIDS. Almost two thirds (58%) of respondents reported that they were conversant with only one method of contraception, 60% had knowledge of more than two types of STIs, and 62.4% indicated that they were conversant with only hospitals as facilities providing reproductive health services. Conclusion: Young people in college require educational initiatives to sensitize them on STI, methods of contraception and positive social behaviors. There is need to improve the accessibility of reproductive health services through strengthening of services provided at campus health clinics.

Globally, there are over 1.8 billion young people and nearly 90 percent of whom live in developin... more Globally, there are over 1.8 billion young people and nearly 90 percent of whom live in developing countries. The age-range 18 to 24 is a period when most people begin to actively explore their sexuality (UNFPA, 2009). Most people become sexually active before their 20th birthday (UNFPA, 2009). One in every 10 births and one in 10 abortions worldwide and one in six births in developing countries is to women aged between 18-19 years (UNFPA, 2009). In sub-Saharan Africa, 75 percent of young women report having had sex by age 20(UNFPA, 2009).Despite continued investments in adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programs worldwide, challenges still exist in adequately meeting the SRH information and service needs of this subset of the population. These challenges are more pronounced in subSaharan Africa which, among the major regions of the world, has the greatest proportion of adolescent girls who have begun childbearing (Gupta &Mahy 2003). In Kenya 15% of women age 15-19 hav...

Social Science Research Network, 2015

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2021

Background: Knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among women is essential when promoting op... more Background: Knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among women is essential when promoting optimal breastfeeding practices. Breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life and continuation of breastfeeding and adequate complementary foods for up to two years of age or beyond. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. This study utilized a mixed method approach (qualitative and quantitative). Results: Four socio-demographic factors were found to be influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Those include child gender, level of education, marital status and parity. Two socio-demographic factors were found to influence awareness of the benefits of EBF. Those are Level of education and Occupation. Conclusions: The government should improve on the level of education of women in the area. Increase in number of educated women.

International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 2018

Nursing process promotes communication between nurses in relation to various aspects of patient c... more Nursing process promotes communication between nurses in relation to various aspects of patient care. Through this nursing care strategy, the patient receives holistic care, hence satisfaction to both the nurse and the client. All this will be possible if the nurses are knowledgeable in regard to nursing process. However, utilization of nursing process has been poor in the country. This formed the basis of this study to determine the nurses' knowledge on nursing process in selected health care facilities in Kenya. The study involved collecting data from 249 nurses using self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and score computations were performed. The results showed that more than two thirds of the nurses had poor knowledge on nursing process, hence the need to implement measures to promote the nurses' knowledge on nursing process in the country.

International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 2018

Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing, 2017

Introduction : The Partograph is a tool that monitors active stages of labour. This enables skill... more Introduction : The Partograph is a tool that monitors active stages of labour. This enables skilled birth attendants, who are largely midwives, to monitor progress of labour, the mother and the fetus regularly. It provides a clear means of tracking labour progress with ‘alert’ and ‘action’ lines that signal when labour has become complicated. It helps in the management of labour by providing information to identify women who are or not likely to have a normal delivery. Objective: To assess partograph utilization among nurse-midwives in the maternity unit of Coast General Hospital, Mombasa. Methods: This was a descriptive study among midwives and nurse-midwives working in the Maternity unit of Coast general hospital, Mombasa. All 59 nurse-midwives who were working in the unit during the study period were included in the study with an eventual response rate of 86% (51). Data was collected using a self-administered semi- structured questionnaire. Qualitative data was cleaned, coded and...