thomas bock | TU Munich (original) (raw)

Papers by thomas bock

Research paper thumbnail of Changing Building Sites: Industrialisation and Automation of the Building Process

Architectural Design, 2014

ABSTRACT The introduction of robotics in construction is part of a much longer history of industr... more ABSTRACT The introduction of robotics in construction is part of a much longer history of industrialisation and automation on the building site. Thomas Bock of the Technical University of Munich and Silke Langenberg of the University of Applied Sciences, Munich, highlight how the Industrial Revolution and the development of a transport infrastructure in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe first triggered the shift in the building trade from a largely localised industry into a national and mechanised one, leading to the highly advanced automated construction techniques that continue to be developed in Japan and other Asian countries to this day.

Research paper thumbnail of Intuitive and adaptive robotic arm manipulation using the leap motion controller

Research paper thumbnail of Short CV 072516 TB.pdf

Research paper thumbnail of Presentation, Patterns of Myocardial Damage, and Clinical Course of Viral Myocarditis

Background-Enteroviruses and adenoviruses have been considered the most common causes of viral my... more Background-Enteroviruses and adenoviruses have been considered the most common causes of viral myocarditis, but parvovirus B19 (PVB19) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) are increasingly found in endomyocardial biopsy samples. Methods and Results-Consequently, our aim was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical presentation of cardiac PVB19 and/or HHV6 infection in a cohort of myocarditis patients and to follow its clinical course. In addition, we sought to demonstrate patterns of myocardial damage and to determine predictors for chronic heart failure. Our study design consisted of a cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol as well as endomyocardial biopsies in the myocardial region affected as indicated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. One hundred twenty-eight patients were enrolled by clinical criteria. In the group of myocarditis patients (nϭ87), PVB19 (nϭ49), HHV6 (nϭ16), and combined PVB19/HHV6 infections (nϭ15) were detected most frequently. The remaining patients were diagnosed with healing myocarditis (nϭ15) or did not have myocarditis (nϭ26). Patients with PVB19 presented in a manner similar to that of myocardial infarction; most had typical subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement in the lateral wall and recovered within months. Conversely, patients with HHV6 and especially with HHV6/PVB19 myocarditis presented with new onset of heart failure, had septal late gadolinium enhancement, and frequently progressed toward chronic heart failure.

Research paper thumbnail of Detection and Use of Antiviral Resistance Mutations

Research paper thumbnail of The DoD teleport testbed and the Army's joint SATCOM engineering center

Proceedings of Spie the International Society For Optical Engineering, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Contact Task by Space Teleoperation Using Force Reflection of Communication Time Delay

2005 International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular mechanisms and consequences of cardiac viral infections

Der Pathologe, Oct 1, 2008

Molecular biological methods have confirmed the pathogenetic role of enteroviruses, primarily cox... more Molecular biological methods have confirmed the pathogenetic role of enteroviruses, primarily coxsackieviruses of group B (CVB), in the induction and maintenance of inflammatory cardiomyopathy. More recently, adenoviruses, various herpes viruses, and increasingly parvovirus B19 (B19) have been identified as potential cardiotropic agents. While cardiac myocytes are target cells for enterovirus and adenovirus infections with virus-induced cytolysis, B19-associated inflammatory cardiomyopathy is characterized by infection of intracardiac endothelial cells of small arterioles and veins, which may be associated with endothelial dysfunction, impairment of myocardial microcirculation, penetration of inflammatory cells, and secondary myocyte necrosis. Recent observations showed that B19 is involved in intracellular calcium regulation by the viral phospholipase. B19-induced caspase activation can lead to proinflammatory/proapoptotic processes through dysregulation of STAT signaling. These cellular interactions may contribute to mechanisms by which B19 establishes persistent infection in endothelial cells and play a critical role in viral pathogenesis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Research paper thumbnail of Mutation pattern of lamivudine resistance in relation to hepatitis B genotypes: Hepatitis B genotypes differ in their lamivudine resistance associated mutation pattern

Journal of Medical Virology, Nov 1, 2010

Little is known about differences between individual hepatitis B genotypes and mutation patterns ... more Little is known about differences between individual hepatitis B genotypes and mutation patterns associated with lamivudine resistance. This study analyses the lamivudine associated mutation pattern in relation to the four major HBV-genotypes A to D.

Research paper thumbnail of In Vitro Susceptibilities of Wild-Type or Drug-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus to (2)-b-D-2,6-Diaminopurine Dioxolane and 29-Fluoro-5-Methyl-b-L-Arabinofuranosyluracil

Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2001

-␤-L-2,3-dideoxy-3 thiacytidine) or famciclovir may select for viral mutants that are drug resist... more -␤-L-2,3-dideoxy-3 thiacytidine) or famciclovir may select for viral mutants that are drug resistant due to point mutations in the polymerase gene. Determining whether such HBV mutants are sensitive to new antiviral agents is therefore important. We used a transient transfection system to compare the sensitivities of wild-type HBV and four lamivudine-and/or famciclovir-resistant HBV mutants to adefovir [9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)-adenine; PMEA] and the nucleoside analogues (؊)-␤-D-2, 6-diaminopurine dioxolane (DAPD) and 2-fluoro-5-methyl-␤-L-arabinofuranosyluracil (L-FMAU). The drug-resistant mutants contained amino acid substitutions in the polymerase protein. We found that the M550I and M550V plus L526M substitutions, which confer lamivudine resistance, did not confer cross-resistance to adefovir or DAPD, but conferred cross-resistance to L-FMAU. The M550V substitution in isolation conferred a similar phenotype to M550I, except that it did not confer significant resistance to L-FMAU. The L526M substitution, which is associated with famciclovir resistance, conferred cross-resistance to L-FMAU but not to adefovir or DAPD. Inhibition of HBV secretion by DAPD, L-FMAU, and adefovir did not always correlate with inhibition of the generation of intracellular HBV replicative intermediates, suggesting that these analogs may preferentially inhibit specific stages of the viral replication cycle.

Research paper thumbnail of Konsequente vertriebsorientierte Produktion in Japan: Humanoide Bauroboter staff Billiglöhnern

Betonwerk Und Fertigteil Technik, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of antiviral therapy resistant mutations of Omani HBV isolates

Research paper thumbnail of Abstract 1947: Interferon-beta Treatment Improves Parvovirus B19-induced Vascular Damage And Normalises Numbers Of CD34+ KDR+-Progenitors In Patients With Parvovirus B19 Positive positive inflammatory cardiomyopthy

Circulation, Oct 31, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of High Prevalence of Viral Genomes and Multiple Viral Infections in the Myocardium of Adults With "Idiopathic" Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Background-For a long time, enteroviruses have been considered to be the most common cause of acu... more Background-For a long time, enteroviruses have been considered to be the most common cause of acute viral myocarditis (MC), with possible transition from MC to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Recent investigations have shown, however, that other viruses are also frequently encountered in MC patients, suggesting that persistence of various virus species may play a pathogenic role in the transition from MC to DCM. The purpose of this study was to screen endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) from patients with "idiopathic" DCM for the presence of viral genomes by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the frequency of cardiac viral infections that may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Peginterferon plus Adefovir versus Either Drug Alone for Hepatitis Delta

The New England Journal of Medicine, Jan 27, 2011

Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) results in the most seve... more Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) results in the most severe form of viral hepatitis. There is no currently approved treatment. We investigated the safety and efficacy of 48 weeks of treatment with peginterferon alfa-2a plus adefovir dipivoxil, peginterferon alfa-2a alone, and adefovir dipivoxil alone.

Research paper thumbnail of DoDAF limitations and enhancements for the Capability Test Methodology

Proceedings of the 2007 Spring Simulation Multiconference Volume 3, 2007

The Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology (JTEM) joint test & evaluation (JT&... more The Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology (JTEM) joint test & evaluation (JT&E) program is currently developing an enterprise-level Capability Test Methodology (CTM) to deliver high quality joint capability assessments and evaluations across the acquisition life cycle. A key component of the JTEM program approach is the incorporation and refinement of CTM-related Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) data models and representations to best support system of systems test evaluation at a joint mission level. To further mature the CTM before applying it to actual test event planning in 2007, the JTEM team has conducted a series of "rock drills", or rehearsals, of each process within the overall methodology during 2006. One of the major process anomaly reports (PARs) coming from these rock drills highlights the need for joint mission system of systems (SoS)-level DoDAF products for test plan development. In order to enhance DoDAF's ability to support capability assessments supporting joint missions, JTEM is developing executable product recommendations and extensions for DoDAF 1.5, as well as a capability evaluation metamodel (CEM) to provide DoDAF schema enhancements. These enhanced DoDAF products will better support the CTM's evaluation approach incorporating measurement at system of systems, task, and mission performance levels.

Research paper thumbnail of A decline in hepatitis B virus surface antigen (hbsag) predicts clearance, but does not correlate with quantitative hbeag or HBV DNA levels

Antiviral Therapy, Feb 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Interferon Beta Modulates Endothelial Damage in Patients with Cardiac Persistence of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Feb 1, 2010

In a phase 1 study, we investigated whether interferon beta reduced endothelial damage in patient... more In a phase 1 study, we investigated whether interferon beta reduced endothelial damage in patients with cardiac persistence of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Langfristig Psychoseerfahrene - Eigensinn und Respekt

Research paper thumbnail of Pegylated interferon-based treatment in patients with advanced liver disease due to chronic delta hepatitis

The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology the Official Journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology, Oct 1, 2012

Amaç: ‹leri delta hepatitinde interferonlar›n güvenilirlik ve etkinli¤i araflt›r›lmam›flt›r. Çok ... more Amaç: ‹leri delta hepatitinde interferonlar›n güvenilirlik ve etkinli¤i araflt›r›lmam›flt›r. Çok merkezli bir klinik çal›flman›n bu alt analizinin amac›, kronik delta hepatitine ba¤l› ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤› olan ve ileri hastal›¤› olmayan hasta gruplar›n›, 48 haftal›k interferon alfa-2a (180 μg/hafta) ve/veya adefovir (10 mg/gün) tedavilerinin etkinlik ve güvenilirli¤i aç›lar›ndan karfl›laflt›rmakt›r. Gereç ve Yöntem: ‹leri hastal›kl› 31 ve ileri has-tal›¤› olmayan 27 hasta de¤erlendirmeye al›nd›. Hastalar biyopside fibrosis skoru Ishak'a göre ≥4 ise veya görüntüleme yöntemleri sirozla uyumlu ise ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤› olarak kabul edildi. Hepatit D Virus RNA's›n›n saptanamamas› olarak tan›mlanan virolojik yan›t, tedavi sonunda ve 24 haf-tal›k tedavisiz takip sonunda de¤erlendirildi. Bulgular: ‹leri hastal›¤› olan hastalar›n Hepatit D Virus RNA seviyeleri ve trombosit say›lar› daha düflüktü (s›ras›yla, p=0.014 and p=0.0015). ‹leri hastalarla, ileri hastal›¤› olmayanlar›n tedavi sonu ve takip sonu virolojik yan›t oranlar› benzerdi (29% vs. 19% and 32% vs 23%). ‹leri hastal›k grubunda daha s›k görülen trombositopeni d›fl›nda yan etki oranlar› gruplar aras›nda farkl› de¤ildi. Ancak, ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤› grubunda 4 hastada klinik olarak önemli yan etkiler geliflti, bunlardan 2'sinde hepatik dekompanzasyon ve 1 vakada tüberküloz reaktivasyonu görüldü. Sonuç: Kronik delta hepatitine ba¤l› ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤›nda pegile interferon, ileri hastal›¤› olmayanlardaki kadar etkindir, ancak hastalar klinik olarak önemli yan etkiler aç›s›ndan yak›n takip edilmelidir.

Research paper thumbnail of Changing Building Sites: Industrialisation and Automation of the Building Process

Architectural Design, 2014

ABSTRACT The introduction of robotics in construction is part of a much longer history of industr... more ABSTRACT The introduction of robotics in construction is part of a much longer history of industrialisation and automation on the building site. Thomas Bock of the Technical University of Munich and Silke Langenberg of the University of Applied Sciences, Munich, highlight how the Industrial Revolution and the development of a transport infrastructure in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe first triggered the shift in the building trade from a largely localised industry into a national and mechanised one, leading to the highly advanced automated construction techniques that continue to be developed in Japan and other Asian countries to this day.

Research paper thumbnail of Intuitive and adaptive robotic arm manipulation using the leap motion controller

Research paper thumbnail of Short CV 072516 TB.pdf

Research paper thumbnail of Presentation, Patterns of Myocardial Damage, and Clinical Course of Viral Myocarditis

Background-Enteroviruses and adenoviruses have been considered the most common causes of viral my... more Background-Enteroviruses and adenoviruses have been considered the most common causes of viral myocarditis, but parvovirus B19 (PVB19) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) are increasingly found in endomyocardial biopsy samples. Methods and Results-Consequently, our aim was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical presentation of cardiac PVB19 and/or HHV6 infection in a cohort of myocarditis patients and to follow its clinical course. In addition, we sought to demonstrate patterns of myocardial damage and to determine predictors for chronic heart failure. Our study design consisted of a cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol as well as endomyocardial biopsies in the myocardial region affected as indicated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. One hundred twenty-eight patients were enrolled by clinical criteria. In the group of myocarditis patients (nϭ87), PVB19 (nϭ49), HHV6 (nϭ16), and combined PVB19/HHV6 infections (nϭ15) were detected most frequently. The remaining patients were diagnosed with healing myocarditis (nϭ15) or did not have myocarditis (nϭ26). Patients with PVB19 presented in a manner similar to that of myocardial infarction; most had typical subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement in the lateral wall and recovered within months. Conversely, patients with HHV6 and especially with HHV6/PVB19 myocarditis presented with new onset of heart failure, had septal late gadolinium enhancement, and frequently progressed toward chronic heart failure.

Research paper thumbnail of Detection and Use of Antiviral Resistance Mutations

Research paper thumbnail of The DoD teleport testbed and the Army's joint SATCOM engineering center

Proceedings of Spie the International Society For Optical Engineering, 2005

Research paper thumbnail of Contact Task by Space Teleoperation Using Force Reflection of Communication Time Delay

2005 International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular mechanisms and consequences of cardiac viral infections

Der Pathologe, Oct 1, 2008

Molecular biological methods have confirmed the pathogenetic role of enteroviruses, primarily cox... more Molecular biological methods have confirmed the pathogenetic role of enteroviruses, primarily coxsackieviruses of group B (CVB), in the induction and maintenance of inflammatory cardiomyopathy. More recently, adenoviruses, various herpes viruses, and increasingly parvovirus B19 (B19) have been identified as potential cardiotropic agents. While cardiac myocytes are target cells for enterovirus and adenovirus infections with virus-induced cytolysis, B19-associated inflammatory cardiomyopathy is characterized by infection of intracardiac endothelial cells of small arterioles and veins, which may be associated with endothelial dysfunction, impairment of myocardial microcirculation, penetration of inflammatory cells, and secondary myocyte necrosis. Recent observations showed that B19 is involved in intracellular calcium regulation by the viral phospholipase. B19-induced caspase activation can lead to proinflammatory/proapoptotic processes through dysregulation of STAT signaling. These cellular interactions may contribute to mechanisms by which B19 establishes persistent infection in endothelial cells and play a critical role in viral pathogenesis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Research paper thumbnail of Mutation pattern of lamivudine resistance in relation to hepatitis B genotypes: Hepatitis B genotypes differ in their lamivudine resistance associated mutation pattern

Journal of Medical Virology, Nov 1, 2010

Little is known about differences between individual hepatitis B genotypes and mutation patterns ... more Little is known about differences between individual hepatitis B genotypes and mutation patterns associated with lamivudine resistance. This study analyses the lamivudine associated mutation pattern in relation to the four major HBV-genotypes A to D.

Research paper thumbnail of In Vitro Susceptibilities of Wild-Type or Drug-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus to (2)-b-D-2,6-Diaminopurine Dioxolane and 29-Fluoro-5-Methyl-b-L-Arabinofuranosyluracil

Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2001

-␤-L-2,3-dideoxy-3 thiacytidine) or famciclovir may select for viral mutants that are drug resist... more -␤-L-2,3-dideoxy-3 thiacytidine) or famciclovir may select for viral mutants that are drug resistant due to point mutations in the polymerase gene. Determining whether such HBV mutants are sensitive to new antiviral agents is therefore important. We used a transient transfection system to compare the sensitivities of wild-type HBV and four lamivudine-and/or famciclovir-resistant HBV mutants to adefovir [9-(2-phosphonyl-methoxyethyl)-adenine; PMEA] and the nucleoside analogues (؊)-␤-D-2, 6-diaminopurine dioxolane (DAPD) and 2-fluoro-5-methyl-␤-L-arabinofuranosyluracil (L-FMAU). The drug-resistant mutants contained amino acid substitutions in the polymerase protein. We found that the M550I and M550V plus L526M substitutions, which confer lamivudine resistance, did not confer cross-resistance to adefovir or DAPD, but conferred cross-resistance to L-FMAU. The M550V substitution in isolation conferred a similar phenotype to M550I, except that it did not confer significant resistance to L-FMAU. The L526M substitution, which is associated with famciclovir resistance, conferred cross-resistance to L-FMAU but not to adefovir or DAPD. Inhibition of HBV secretion by DAPD, L-FMAU, and adefovir did not always correlate with inhibition of the generation of intracellular HBV replicative intermediates, suggesting that these analogs may preferentially inhibit specific stages of the viral replication cycle.

Research paper thumbnail of Konsequente vertriebsorientierte Produktion in Japan: Humanoide Bauroboter staff Billiglöhnern

Betonwerk Und Fertigteil Technik, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of antiviral therapy resistant mutations of Omani HBV isolates

Research paper thumbnail of Abstract 1947: Interferon-beta Treatment Improves Parvovirus B19-induced Vascular Damage And Normalises Numbers Of CD34+ KDR+-Progenitors In Patients With Parvovirus B19 Positive positive inflammatory cardiomyopthy

Circulation, Oct 31, 2007

Research paper thumbnail of High Prevalence of Viral Genomes and Multiple Viral Infections in the Myocardium of Adults With "Idiopathic" Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Background-For a long time, enteroviruses have been considered to be the most common cause of acu... more Background-For a long time, enteroviruses have been considered to be the most common cause of acute viral myocarditis (MC), with possible transition from MC to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Recent investigations have shown, however, that other viruses are also frequently encountered in MC patients, suggesting that persistence of various virus species may play a pathogenic role in the transition from MC to DCM. The purpose of this study was to screen endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) from patients with "idiopathic" DCM for the presence of viral genomes by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the frequency of cardiac viral infections that may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Peginterferon plus Adefovir versus Either Drug Alone for Hepatitis Delta

The New England Journal of Medicine, Jan 27, 2011

Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) results in the most seve... more Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) results in the most severe form of viral hepatitis. There is no currently approved treatment. We investigated the safety and efficacy of 48 weeks of treatment with peginterferon alfa-2a plus adefovir dipivoxil, peginterferon alfa-2a alone, and adefovir dipivoxil alone.

Research paper thumbnail of DoDAF limitations and enhancements for the Capability Test Methodology

Proceedings of the 2007 Spring Simulation Multiconference Volume 3, 2007

The Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology (JTEM) joint test & evaluation (JT&... more The Joint Test and Evaluation Methodology (JTEM) joint test & evaluation (JT&E) program is currently developing an enterprise-level Capability Test Methodology (CTM) to deliver high quality joint capability assessments and evaluations across the acquisition life cycle. A key component of the JTEM program approach is the incorporation and refinement of CTM-related Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) data models and representations to best support system of systems test evaluation at a joint mission level. To further mature the CTM before applying it to actual test event planning in 2007, the JTEM team has conducted a series of "rock drills", or rehearsals, of each process within the overall methodology during 2006. One of the major process anomaly reports (PARs) coming from these rock drills highlights the need for joint mission system of systems (SoS)-level DoDAF products for test plan development. In order to enhance DoDAF's ability to support capability assessments supporting joint missions, JTEM is developing executable product recommendations and extensions for DoDAF 1.5, as well as a capability evaluation metamodel (CEM) to provide DoDAF schema enhancements. These enhanced DoDAF products will better support the CTM's evaluation approach incorporating measurement at system of systems, task, and mission performance levels.

Research paper thumbnail of A decline in hepatitis B virus surface antigen (hbsag) predicts clearance, but does not correlate with quantitative hbeag or HBV DNA levels

Antiviral Therapy, Feb 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Interferon Beta Modulates Endothelial Damage in Patients with Cardiac Persistence of Human Parvovirus B19 Infection

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Feb 1, 2010

In a phase 1 study, we investigated whether interferon beta reduced endothelial damage in patient... more In a phase 1 study, we investigated whether interferon beta reduced endothelial damage in patients with cardiac persistence of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection.

Research paper thumbnail of Langfristig Psychoseerfahrene - Eigensinn und Respekt

Research paper thumbnail of Pegylated interferon-based treatment in patients with advanced liver disease due to chronic delta hepatitis

The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology the Official Journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology, Oct 1, 2012

Amaç: ‹leri delta hepatitinde interferonlar›n güvenilirlik ve etkinli¤i araflt›r›lmam›flt›r. Çok ... more Amaç: ‹leri delta hepatitinde interferonlar›n güvenilirlik ve etkinli¤i araflt›r›lmam›flt›r. Çok merkezli bir klinik çal›flman›n bu alt analizinin amac›, kronik delta hepatitine ba¤l› ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤› olan ve ileri hastal›¤› olmayan hasta gruplar›n›, 48 haftal›k interferon alfa-2a (180 μg/hafta) ve/veya adefovir (10 mg/gün) tedavilerinin etkinlik ve güvenilirli¤i aç›lar›ndan karfl›laflt›rmakt›r. Gereç ve Yöntem: ‹leri hastal›kl› 31 ve ileri has-tal›¤› olmayan 27 hasta de¤erlendirmeye al›nd›. Hastalar biyopside fibrosis skoru Ishak'a göre ≥4 ise veya görüntüleme yöntemleri sirozla uyumlu ise ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤› olarak kabul edildi. Hepatit D Virus RNA's›n›n saptanamamas› olarak tan›mlanan virolojik yan›t, tedavi sonunda ve 24 haf-tal›k tedavisiz takip sonunda de¤erlendirildi. Bulgular: ‹leri hastal›¤› olan hastalar›n Hepatit D Virus RNA seviyeleri ve trombosit say›lar› daha düflüktü (s›ras›yla, p=0.014 and p=0.0015). ‹leri hastalarla, ileri hastal›¤› olmayanlar›n tedavi sonu ve takip sonu virolojik yan›t oranlar› benzerdi (29% vs. 19% and 32% vs 23%). ‹leri hastal›k grubunda daha s›k görülen trombositopeni d›fl›nda yan etki oranlar› gruplar aras›nda farkl› de¤ildi. Ancak, ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤› grubunda 4 hastada klinik olarak önemli yan etkiler geliflti, bunlardan 2'sinde hepatik dekompanzasyon ve 1 vakada tüberküloz reaktivasyonu görüldü. Sonuç: Kronik delta hepatitine ba¤l› ileri karaci¤er hastal›¤›nda pegile interferon, ileri hastal›¤› olmayanlardaki kadar etkindir, ancak hastalar klinik olarak önemli yan etkiler aç›s›ndan yak›n takip edilmelidir.