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Papers by Banzragch Battur

Infection, genetics and evolution, Apr 1, 2024

Equine piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in hors... more Equine piroplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses. Because of its impact on horse industry, control of this disease is crucial for endemic countries. The control of equine piroplasmosis may be influenced by the genotypic diversity of T. equi and B. caballi. Mongolia, a country with a thriving livestock industry, is endemic for T. equi and B. caballi. However, nationwide epidemiological surveys have not been conducted to determine the current status of infections and genetic diversity of these two parasite species. Therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the infection rates and genotypes of T. equi and B. caballi in horses across Mongolia. Blood samples were collected from 1353 horses in 15 of Mongolia's 21 provinces, and their DNAs were analyzed with T. equi- and B. caballi-specific PCR assays. Additionally, blood smears were prepared from 251 horses, stained with Giemsa, and examined under a light microscope to identify T. equi and B. caballi. The microscopy revealed that 30 (11.9%) and 4 (1.6%) of the 251 horses were positive for T. equi and B. caballi, respectively. By contrast, PCR assays detected the T. equi and B. caballi in 1058 (78.2%) and 62 (4.6%) horses, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA sequences from 42 randomly selected T. equi-positive DNA samples detected the genotypes A and E. On the other hand, the rap-1 sequences from 19 randomly selected B. caballi-positive DNA samples occurred in clades representing the genotypes A and B1, as well as in a distinct clade closely related to the genotype A. Our findings confirm the widespread occurrence of T. equi and B. caballi infections in Mongolian horses, highlighting the need for a comprehensive control approach.

The Journal of protozoology research, 2015

Babesia venatorum, formerly known as Babesia sp. EU1, is a zoonotic hemoprotozoan parasites that ... more Babesia venatorum, formerly known as Babesia sp. EU1, is a zoonotic hemoprotozoan parasites that commonly infects deer. In the present study, we investigated B. venatorum infection in Ixodes persulcatus, an important tick vector capable of transmitting several tick-borne pathogens that cause babesiosis, encephalitis, tularemia, and Lyme diseases. DNA samples extracted from questing I. persulcatus ticks (n=63) that had been collected in Selenge province of Mongolia in 2012 and 2013 were screened for B. venatorum using a nested PCR assay. The findings showed that two of 63 DNA samples were positive for B. venatorum. The 18S rRNA sequences amplified from B. venatorum-positive DNA samples shared high identity scores (96.1–99.9%) with known B. venatorum sequences derived from human and tick isolates. In phylogenetic analysis, the Mongolian 18S rRNA sequences clustered with the previously characterized B. venatorum sequences. In addition to reporting B. venatorum in Mongolia for the first...

The phylogenetic tree of the 18S rRNA and ITS region. A phylogenetic analysis was performed using... more The phylogenetic tree of the 18S rRNA and ITS region. A phylogenetic analysis was performed using the T. equiperdum IVM-t1, SITB818, STIB841, STIB842, BoTat1.1, T. evansi Tansui (Accession No. D89527.1), Cairo (AB551922.1), KAI.2 (AY912277), Sam.2 (AY912279.1), T. brucei TREU927 (AC012647), T. b. gambiense DAL972 (FN554966.1), T. b. gambiense Tsuua (AJ009141) and T. b. rhodesiense Utro (AJ009142) sequences. A: A phylogenetic tree based on the 18S rRNA sequence. B: A phylogenetic tree based on the ITS sequence. Figure S2. The maxicircle PCR of the Trypanozoon species. Gel electrophoresis images of the PCR products are shown in A to G, NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 7 (NAD7; 383 bp), Cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 (Cox2; 1747 bp), ATOas subunit 6 (A6; 299 bp), 12S ribosomal RNA (12S rRNA; 1597 bp in T. b. brucei GUTat3.1 strain and T. equiperdum STIB818 strain, 1415 bp in T. equiperdum STIB841, STIB842, BoTat1.1 strains, respectively), NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 7-cytochromeB (ND7-CyB; 1450...

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2020

Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019

Dermacentor nuttalli is the most commonly distributed tick species in Mongolia, and responsible f... more Dermacentor nuttalli is the most commonly distributed tick species in Mongolia, and responsible for huge economic losses related to tick-borne diseases in livestock industry. Many rural herders have used plants to control tick which is noted in few documents, mostly transferred orally through generations. The aim of the present study was to determine acaricidal activity of Mongolian plants against D. nuttalli. We checked acaricidal activity of 113 crude extracts of 76 plant species included in 26 families. Among them Amaranthus retroflexus root (40%), Ephedra sinica leaf (40%), Erigeron acer root (40%), Ranunculus japonicus root (42%), and Spiraea salicifolia leaf (43.5%) showed potential activity against D. nuttalli. Acaricidal activity of Mongolian plants were experimented in vitro condition in first time. Furthermore, the study will continue isolation and identification active ingredients of potential candidates. We hope this study will be start line of acaricidal activity resea...

Acta Parasitologica, Dec 1, 2021

PURPOSE Malaria and toxoplasmosis are important public health diseases affecting millions of peop... more PURPOSE Malaria and toxoplasmosis are important public health diseases affecting millions of people and animals each year, and there is a continuing need for new and improved treatments for them. Plants have provided many opportunities for new drug leads in pharmacology. METHODS We examined 43 crude extracts from Mongolian plants for their activities against the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain and the Toxoplasma gondii RH strain using a SYBR Green-based fluorescence assay and a fluorescence-based assay, respectively. The potential toxicity of these extracts was also assessed on human foreskin fibroblast cells (HFF) using a cell viability assay. RESULTS From the initial screenings, 11 and 7 crude extracts were effective against T. gondii and P. falciparum, respectively, at 100 µg/ml concentration (≥ 80% inhibition activity). The 50% cytotoxic concentrations of the extracts were estimated on HFF cells, and their 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) were calculated. According to our lead criteria (selective index, SI; value ≥ 10), six plants (Galatella dahurica leaf + flower, Leonurus deminutus leaf + flower, Oxytropis trichophysa aerial part, Schultzia crinita whole plant, Leontopodium campestre root, Spirea salicifolia aerial part) inhibited P. falciparum growth at IC50 values of 5.99-64.15 µg/ml (SI values: 10.11-17.02). Amaranthus retroflexus root was highly active against T. gondii (IC50, 19.89 µg/ml; SI value, 38). CONCLUSION This first observation of the anti-Plasmodium and anti-Toxoplasma activities of Mongolian plant extracts shows them to be interesting potential candidates for drug discovery.

Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Sep 15, 2021

Parasitology International, 2015

Veterinary Parasitology, 2001

Veterinary Parasitology, 2005

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2002

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2013

International Journal for Parasitology, 2001

Ticks play an important role in human and veterinary medicine particularly due to their ability t... more Ticks play an important role in human and veterinary medicine particularly due to their ability to transmit protozoan pathogens. In this study we have demonstrated that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR methods enabled detection of Babesia caballi and Babesia equi in field isolates of Dermacentor nuttalli adult ticks from Mongolia. Primers specific for 218 bp fragment merozoite antigen 1 (EMA-1) gene of B. equi successfully amplified products from all samples of D. nuttalli adult ticks while primers for the 430 bp fragment product from BC48 gene of B. caballi amplified products from seven of the 54 samples. Using PCR and nested PCR methods we have found mixed infections with B. equi and B. caballi in the tick vector. The amplified DNA fragment from D. nuttalli ticks was inserted into the EcoRV site of pBluescript SK and sequenced. The sequence of the 430 bp fragment was completely identical to the nucleotide sequence of the USDA strain of B. caballi. These results suggest that D. nuttalli may play an important role as a vector of both B. caballi and B. equi and also may be important in maintaining endemicity of equine piroplasmosis in Mongolia.