Petr Macek | Masaryk University (original) (raw)
Papers by Petr Macek
Studia Psychologica, 2019
This cross-sectional study aims to 1) investigate the factor structure and measurement invariance... more This cross-sectional study aims to 1) investigate the factor structure and measurement invariance of subjective health complaints inventory in terms of gender, 2) examine the role of selfesteem, interparental conflict and gender in Czech adolescents' subjective health complaints, and 3) examine a possible moderating effect of gender in these relationships. Czech adolescents (N = 1602, 51% girls) from an epidemiological part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) completed questionnaires at home and a psychological sub-sample of ELSPAC (n = 343, 46% girls) completed questionnaires during individual psychological examinations in the years 2006 and 2007. The subjective health complaints inventory used in this study is a unidimensional and scalar invariant for sex. Girls reported more subjective health symptoms than boys. Self-esteem may play a protective role for the adolescents' subjective health symptoms, especially in boys, whereas self-blame and threat in an interparental conflict may serve as a risk factor similarly for both sexes.
Journal of adolescence, 2018
This study investigated whether adolescents' readiness for non-normative political participat... more This study investigated whether adolescents' readiness for non-normative political participation (i.e., readiness to confront social rules for political reasons) was predicted by their interpersonal problems (with parents, teachers, and classmates), low optimism, and political beliefs (political self-efficacy and distrust in public institutions). A structural equation model using two-wave longitudinal data from Czech high school students (N = 768; 54% females; age range at T1 = 14-17, M = 15.97; T2 data collected 1.5 years later) showed that the changes in adolescents' readiness for non-normative participation were predicted by their lower institutional trust. Interpersonal relationships or optimism had no cross-sectional or longitudinal effect on the readiness for non-normative participation. These results suggest that the main source of adolescents' readiness for non-normative political actions lies in their political beliefs, while the effect of adolescents' inter...
Frontiers in Psychology
While the assumption that the sociopolitical and economic situation affects adolescents’ well-bei... more While the assumption that the sociopolitical and economic situation affects adolescents’ well-being, encompassing life satisfaction and a positive sense of self, is plausible, few studies have confirmed such macrosocial influences. The case of the Czech Republic offers an example of a society transitioning from totalitarian government (from 1989) to western democracy. Our study provides statistical description of Czech adolescents’ well-being over the past 30 years in association with the subjective perception of everyday problems. These daily hassles represent experiences and conditions of daily living that have been appraised as salient and harmful or threatening to adolescents’ well-being. We analyzed four samples of adolescents aged 14–17 years surveyed at four time points over the last three decades—1992, 2001, 2011, and 2019, total N = 4,005 (1992: 255, 2001: 306, 2011: 363, 2019: 3081; 54.6% females). The results show that life satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-reported dai...
Tým sociologů z Institutu pro výzkum děti, mladeže a rodiny na FSS MU sledoval během uplynulých p... more Tým sociologů z Institutu pro výzkum děti, mladeže a rodiny na FSS MU sledoval během uplynulých pěti let asi tisicovku lidi narozených v letech 1990–1994. Zajima vas, jak tito mladi lide uvažuji o sobě a o světě? Kde a s kým bydli? Jake maji vztahy s rodici? Jaký význam přikladaji svým vztahům partnerským a s jakou perspektivou zahajuji svou profesni drahu? Odpovědi nabizi tato kniha. Zaujme vas nejen tematickou komplexnosti, ale take důrazem na nove socialněpsychologicke fenomeny, jako je identita mladých Vietnamců v Ceske republice nebo vztah "přatelstvi s benefity".
European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2007
Our research is oriented on social psychological aspects of strust and responsibility. We try to ... more Our research is oriented on social psychological aspects of strust and responsibility. We try to explore and analyse, how the trust is represented in the mind of young people in several European countries. Data reported here were collected in the Czech republic, France, Russia, Scotland and Slovakia. Different aspects of trust (general trust, caution, knowledge based trust, incumbent based trust, regime based trust, trust in institutions) were related to other social or psychological phenomena that could throw some light on the meaning of trust (e.g. perceived justice, uncertainty, optimism-pesimism, individualism, egalitarism). Although our results reveal some similarities across countries (e. g. perceived injustice is generally strongly related to different aspects of trust), specific country patterns of correlations were found.
European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2017
Noack (2017): Being both-A European and a national citizen? Comparing young people's identificati... more Noack (2017): Being both-A European and a national citizen? Comparing young people's identification with Europe and their home country across eight European countries, European Journal of Developmental Psychology,
Studia Psychologica, 2016
The associations between parent-daughter relationship characteristics and disordered eating behav... more The associations between parent-daughter relationship characteristics and disordered eating behaviors among emerging adult women from the Czech Republic were examined. Participants (N = 798 women, M = 22.25 years old, SD = 1.42) reported on disordered eating behaviors (dieting and unhealthy weight-control behaviors; UWCB), their relationship characteristics with each parent (trust, communication, alienation and psychological control) and covariates (weight, height, frequency of communication with parents, living status and parental statuses). Overall, 41% of women were on a diet, and 33% engaged in at least one UWCB. Logistic regression analyses revealed that none of the parent-daughter relationship characteristics had any association with dieting. However, a low quality of mother-daughter relationship (low trust, high alienation and psychological control) had a significant association with UWCB. None of the fatherdaughter relationship characteristics had a significant association with UWCB. The results suggest that preventive interventions with the family should emphasize the quality of the motherdaughter relationship.
It is proved that the Gromov-Hausdorff metric on the space of compact metric spaces considered up... more It is proved that the Gromov-Hausdorff metric on the space of compact metric spaces considered up to an isometry is strictly intrinsic, i.e., the corresponding metric space is geodesic. In other words, each two points of this space (each two compact metric spaces) can be connected by a geodesic. For finite metric spaces a geodesic is constructed explicitly.
Prvni cast přispěvku ze soucasným pohledem na adolescenci dospělosti. Dospivani neni pojato jen j... more Prvni cast přispěvku ze soucasným pohledem na adolescenci dospělosti. Dospivani neni pojato jen jako jedinecna etapa v životě jednotlivce, je to i spolecenský fenomen. Socialni reprezentace dospivani se vytvaři již zhruba 150 let. Za zakladni vývojový ukol spojovaný s obdobim adolescence je považovano dosaženi identity. S jejim řesenim se spojuji pojmy krize, zavazek a moratorium. (Erikson, 1968. Marcia 1980). Adolescentni moratorium ve spojeni s exploraci znamena přiležitost, výzvu, ale take urcite zdravotni a socialni riziko. Druha cast přispěvku se zabýva změnami v běžnem chovani a proživani ceských adolescentů v minulem desetileti průběhu 90. let. Z výsledků vyplý, že cesti dospivajici se stale vice podobojai jejich zapadoevropským vrstevnikům (v denni aktivitach, v budoucich ocekavanich).
The transition from childhood to adolescence is accompanied by higher self-focus and with growing... more The transition from childhood to adolescence is accompanied by higher self-focus and with growing importance of global self-evaluation (self-esteem).By using data from our longitudinal study ELSPAC, we try to document the specific influence of emotional involvement of both parents and parental control during childhood on the self-esteem of younger adolescents. Parenting style (based on reports of parents) was measured when children were at the ages 8, 11, and 13. When participants aged 13, they completed also a self-esteem inventory and they also assessed the parenting style of their both parents. Results indicate significantly different patterns in girls and in boys. Perceived warmth of mother is a good predictor of adolescents self-confidence for both girls and boys. The mothers warmth is related to high positive self-feeling. The perceived fathers warmth is a significant predictor for boys only. Mothers emotional support is positively related to perceived acceptance of boys, fathers warmth is related to acceptance of girls.
Studie ukazuje souvislosti mezi frekvencí různých stylů zvládání (aktivní, znevážení, bezradnost)... more Studie ukazuje souvislosti mezi frekvencí různých stylů zvládání (aktivní, znevážení, bezradnost), percipovanou četností každodenních problémů adolescentů a jejich přesvědčením o vlastním vlivu. Tyto vztahy byly zjišťovány zvlášť v několika sociálních kontextech (škola, rodiče, problémy se sebou samým, vrstevníci, opačné pohlaví, volný čas, volba povolání, představy o budoucnosti). Výzkumný soubor tvořilo celkem 563 respondentů (průměrný věk 15,6 let) z různých středních škol. Výsledky ukázaly významný vztah mezi bezradností (pasivní coping) a nízkou percepcí vlivu, a to zejména pro problémy ve škole, s rodiči, s vrstevníky a pro oblast volby povolání. Aktivní přístup k řešení problémů a strategie znevažování problémové situace nesouvisí s přesvědčením o vlastním vlivu. Na druhou stranu, používání pasivních strategií a v některých sociálních kontextech (škola, vztahy s opačným pohlavím, volba povolání, představy o budoucnosti) i frekvence aktivního copingu souvisí s četností problémů. Klíčová slova: adolescence, coping, přesvědčení o vlastním vlivu, problémy dospívajících THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COPING STYLES, LOCUS OF CONTROL AND
Charakterizuje sebesystem, jeho kognitivni, emocionalni a konativni (seberegulacni) složku. Rovně... more Charakterizuje sebesystem, jeho kognitivni, emocionalni a konativni (seberegulacni) složku. Rovněž se zabýva vývojem a interpersonalnimi suvislostmi jastvi.
Studia Psychologica, 2019
This cross-sectional study aims to 1) investigate the factor structure and measurement invariance... more This cross-sectional study aims to 1) investigate the factor structure and measurement invariance of subjective health complaints inventory in terms of gender, 2) examine the role of selfesteem, interparental conflict and gender in Czech adolescents' subjective health complaints, and 3) examine a possible moderating effect of gender in these relationships. Czech adolescents (N = 1602, 51% girls) from an epidemiological part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) completed questionnaires at home and a psychological sub-sample of ELSPAC (n = 343, 46% girls) completed questionnaires during individual psychological examinations in the years 2006 and 2007. The subjective health complaints inventory used in this study is a unidimensional and scalar invariant for sex. Girls reported more subjective health symptoms than boys. Self-esteem may play a protective role for the adolescents' subjective health symptoms, especially in boys, whereas self-blame and threat in an interparental conflict may serve as a risk factor similarly for both sexes.
Journal of adolescence, 2018
This study investigated whether adolescents' readiness for non-normative political participat... more This study investigated whether adolescents' readiness for non-normative political participation (i.e., readiness to confront social rules for political reasons) was predicted by their interpersonal problems (with parents, teachers, and classmates), low optimism, and political beliefs (political self-efficacy and distrust in public institutions). A structural equation model using two-wave longitudinal data from Czech high school students (N = 768; 54% females; age range at T1 = 14-17, M = 15.97; T2 data collected 1.5 years later) showed that the changes in adolescents' readiness for non-normative participation were predicted by their lower institutional trust. Interpersonal relationships or optimism had no cross-sectional or longitudinal effect on the readiness for non-normative participation. These results suggest that the main source of adolescents' readiness for non-normative political actions lies in their political beliefs, while the effect of adolescents' inter...
Frontiers in Psychology
While the assumption that the sociopolitical and economic situation affects adolescents’ well-bei... more While the assumption that the sociopolitical and economic situation affects adolescents’ well-being, encompassing life satisfaction and a positive sense of self, is plausible, few studies have confirmed such macrosocial influences. The case of the Czech Republic offers an example of a society transitioning from totalitarian government (from 1989) to western democracy. Our study provides statistical description of Czech adolescents’ well-being over the past 30 years in association with the subjective perception of everyday problems. These daily hassles represent experiences and conditions of daily living that have been appraised as salient and harmful or threatening to adolescents’ well-being. We analyzed four samples of adolescents aged 14–17 years surveyed at four time points over the last three decades—1992, 2001, 2011, and 2019, total N = 4,005 (1992: 255, 2001: 306, 2011: 363, 2019: 3081; 54.6% females). The results show that life satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-reported dai...
Tým sociologů z Institutu pro výzkum děti, mladeže a rodiny na FSS MU sledoval během uplynulých p... more Tým sociologů z Institutu pro výzkum děti, mladeže a rodiny na FSS MU sledoval během uplynulých pěti let asi tisicovku lidi narozených v letech 1990–1994. Zajima vas, jak tito mladi lide uvažuji o sobě a o světě? Kde a s kým bydli? Jake maji vztahy s rodici? Jaký význam přikladaji svým vztahům partnerským a s jakou perspektivou zahajuji svou profesni drahu? Odpovědi nabizi tato kniha. Zaujme vas nejen tematickou komplexnosti, ale take důrazem na nove socialněpsychologicke fenomeny, jako je identita mladých Vietnamců v Ceske republice nebo vztah "přatelstvi s benefity".
European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2007
Our research is oriented on social psychological aspects of strust and responsibility. We try to ... more Our research is oriented on social psychological aspects of strust and responsibility. We try to explore and analyse, how the trust is represented in the mind of young people in several European countries. Data reported here were collected in the Czech republic, France, Russia, Scotland and Slovakia. Different aspects of trust (general trust, caution, knowledge based trust, incumbent based trust, regime based trust, trust in institutions) were related to other social or psychological phenomena that could throw some light on the meaning of trust (e.g. perceived justice, uncertainty, optimism-pesimism, individualism, egalitarism). Although our results reveal some similarities across countries (e. g. perceived injustice is generally strongly related to different aspects of trust), specific country patterns of correlations were found.
European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2017
Noack (2017): Being both-A European and a national citizen? Comparing young people's identificati... more Noack (2017): Being both-A European and a national citizen? Comparing young people's identification with Europe and their home country across eight European countries, European Journal of Developmental Psychology,
Studia Psychologica, 2016
The associations between parent-daughter relationship characteristics and disordered eating behav... more The associations between parent-daughter relationship characteristics and disordered eating behaviors among emerging adult women from the Czech Republic were examined. Participants (N = 798 women, M = 22.25 years old, SD = 1.42) reported on disordered eating behaviors (dieting and unhealthy weight-control behaviors; UWCB), their relationship characteristics with each parent (trust, communication, alienation and psychological control) and covariates (weight, height, frequency of communication with parents, living status and parental statuses). Overall, 41% of women were on a diet, and 33% engaged in at least one UWCB. Logistic regression analyses revealed that none of the parent-daughter relationship characteristics had any association with dieting. However, a low quality of mother-daughter relationship (low trust, high alienation and psychological control) had a significant association with UWCB. None of the fatherdaughter relationship characteristics had a significant association with UWCB. The results suggest that preventive interventions with the family should emphasize the quality of the motherdaughter relationship.
It is proved that the Gromov-Hausdorff metric on the space of compact metric spaces considered up... more It is proved that the Gromov-Hausdorff metric on the space of compact metric spaces considered up to an isometry is strictly intrinsic, i.e., the corresponding metric space is geodesic. In other words, each two points of this space (each two compact metric spaces) can be connected by a geodesic. For finite metric spaces a geodesic is constructed explicitly.
Prvni cast přispěvku ze soucasným pohledem na adolescenci dospělosti. Dospivani neni pojato jen j... more Prvni cast přispěvku ze soucasným pohledem na adolescenci dospělosti. Dospivani neni pojato jen jako jedinecna etapa v životě jednotlivce, je to i spolecenský fenomen. Socialni reprezentace dospivani se vytvaři již zhruba 150 let. Za zakladni vývojový ukol spojovaný s obdobim adolescence je považovano dosaženi identity. S jejim řesenim se spojuji pojmy krize, zavazek a moratorium. (Erikson, 1968. Marcia 1980). Adolescentni moratorium ve spojeni s exploraci znamena přiležitost, výzvu, ale take urcite zdravotni a socialni riziko. Druha cast přispěvku se zabýva změnami v běžnem chovani a proživani ceských adolescentů v minulem desetileti průběhu 90. let. Z výsledků vyplý, že cesti dospivajici se stale vice podobojai jejich zapadoevropským vrstevnikům (v denni aktivitach, v budoucich ocekavanich).
The transition from childhood to adolescence is accompanied by higher self-focus and with growing... more The transition from childhood to adolescence is accompanied by higher self-focus and with growing importance of global self-evaluation (self-esteem).By using data from our longitudinal study ELSPAC, we try to document the specific influence of emotional involvement of both parents and parental control during childhood on the self-esteem of younger adolescents. Parenting style (based on reports of parents) was measured when children were at the ages 8, 11, and 13. When participants aged 13, they completed also a self-esteem inventory and they also assessed the parenting style of their both parents. Results indicate significantly different patterns in girls and in boys. Perceived warmth of mother is a good predictor of adolescents self-confidence for both girls and boys. The mothers warmth is related to high positive self-feeling. The perceived fathers warmth is a significant predictor for boys only. Mothers emotional support is positively related to perceived acceptance of boys, fathers warmth is related to acceptance of girls.
Studie ukazuje souvislosti mezi frekvencí různých stylů zvládání (aktivní, znevážení, bezradnost)... more Studie ukazuje souvislosti mezi frekvencí různých stylů zvládání (aktivní, znevážení, bezradnost), percipovanou četností každodenních problémů adolescentů a jejich přesvědčením o vlastním vlivu. Tyto vztahy byly zjišťovány zvlášť v několika sociálních kontextech (škola, rodiče, problémy se sebou samým, vrstevníci, opačné pohlaví, volný čas, volba povolání, představy o budoucnosti). Výzkumný soubor tvořilo celkem 563 respondentů (průměrný věk 15,6 let) z různých středních škol. Výsledky ukázaly významný vztah mezi bezradností (pasivní coping) a nízkou percepcí vlivu, a to zejména pro problémy ve škole, s rodiči, s vrstevníky a pro oblast volby povolání. Aktivní přístup k řešení problémů a strategie znevažování problémové situace nesouvisí s přesvědčením o vlastním vlivu. Na druhou stranu, používání pasivních strategií a v některých sociálních kontextech (škola, vztahy s opačným pohlavím, volba povolání, představy o budoucnosti) i frekvence aktivního copingu souvisí s četností problémů. Klíčová slova: adolescence, coping, přesvědčení o vlastním vlivu, problémy dospívajících THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COPING STYLES, LOCUS OF CONTROL AND
Charakterizuje sebesystem, jeho kognitivni, emocionalni a konativni (seberegulacni) složku. Rovně... more Charakterizuje sebesystem, jeho kognitivni, emocionalni a konativni (seberegulacni) složku. Rovněž se zabýva vývojem a interpersonalnimi suvislostmi jastvi.