Martin Steed | Medical University of South Carolina (original) (raw)
Papers by Martin Steed
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nov 1, 2022
Springer eBooks, Dec 18, 2020
Fever is the presence of an elevated body temperature above normal and a manifestation of cytokin... more Fever is the presence of an elevated body temperature above normal and a manifestation of cytokine release in response to a variety of conditions. There is some evidence that IL-6 is the cytokine most closely correlated with postoperative fever. The emergence of fever, defined as a temperature greater than 38 °C (100.4 °F), within the perioperative course, presents a diagnostic and management challenge for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Symptoms of fever include sweating, shivering, headache, muscle aches, loss of appetite, dehydration, and generalized weakness. In severe instances, the symptoms may include hallucinations, confusion, irritability, convulsions, or severe dehydration. The body is normally able to maintain a fairly steady temperature via a balancing act between excess heat production and heat dissipation from the skin and lungs (Porat, http://www.uptodate.com, 2016; Weed, http://www.uptodate.com, 2016; Lee-Chiong and Stitt, Compr Ther 21:697, 1995). Throughout this chapter, we will explore the causes of fever development, the importance of identifying time of onset, the significance of fever, and its management in the perioperative oral and maxillofacial surgery patient.
Springer eBooks, Dec 18, 2020
Wound Repair and Regeneration, 2019
Large bone injuries, defects, and chronic wounds present a major problem for medicine. Several th... more Large bone injuries, defects, and chronic wounds present a major problem for medicine. Several therapeutic strategies are used clinically to precipitate bone including a combination therapy delivering osteoinductive bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) via an osteoconductive scaffold (absorbable collagen sponge, ACS) (i.e. INFUSE). Adverse side effects reportedly associated with rhBMP2 administration include rampant inflammation and clinical failures. Although acute inflammation is necessary for proper healing in bone, inflammatory cascade dysregulation can result in sustained tissue damage and poor healing. We hypothesized that a subclinical dose of rhBMP2 modeled in the murine calvarial defect would not precipitate alterations to inflammatory markers during acute phases of bone wound healing. We utilized the 5mm critical size calvarial defect in C57BL6 wild-type mice which were subsequently treated with ACS and a subclinical dose of rhBMP2 shown to be optimal for healing. Three and seven-day
Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Office Based Anesthesia Complications, 2020
Office Based Anesthesia Complications
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Journal of Translational Medicine
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society, Jan 28, 2018
Large craniofacial defects present a substantial clinical challenge that often requires the use o... more Large craniofacial defects present a substantial clinical challenge that often requires the use of osteoconductive matrices and osteoinductive cues (i.e. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP2)) to augment healing. While these methods have improved clinical outcomes, a better understanding of how the osteogenic fronts surrounding the defect, the underlying dura mater, and the cranial suture area contribute to healing may lead to more targeted therapies to enhance bone regeneration. We hypothesized that healing within a large bone defect will be precipitated from cells within the remaining or available suture mesenchyme abutting the edges of a murine critical sized defect. To investigate this hypothesis, 39 adult, wild-type mice were randomly arranged into groups (9 or 10 per group) by time (4 and 8 weeks), and treatment (control, acellular collagen sponge (ACS) alone, or ACS loaded with a clinically relevant scaled dosage of BMP2). The skulls were then subjected to μCT and histological a...
Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, Jan 29, 2018
Many variables serve to alter the process of bone remodelling and diminish regeneration including... more Many variables serve to alter the process of bone remodelling and diminish regeneration including the size and nature of the wound bed and health status of the individual. To overcome these inhibitory factors, tissue-engineered osteoconductive scaffolds paired with various growth factors have been utilized clinically. However, many limitations still remain, for example, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can lead to rampant inflammation, ectopic bone formation, and graft failure. Here, we studied the ability for a nanofiber scaffold (Talymed) to accelerate BMP2 growth factor-induced bone healing compared with the traditional absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) delivery system. One hundred fifty-five adult wild type mice were arranged in 16 groups by time, 4 and 8 weeks, and treatment, ACS or Talymed, loaded with control, low, medium, or high dosages of BMP2. Skulls were subjected to microCT, biomechanical, and histological analysis to assess bone regeneration. The use of Talymed withi...
Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, Jan 10, 2018
Accurate description of the temporomandibular size and shape (morphometry) is critical for clinic... more Accurate description of the temporomandibular size and shape (morphometry) is critical for clinical diagnosis and surgical planning and the design and development of regenerative scaffolds and prosthetic devices and to model the temporomandibular loading environment. The study objective was to determine the 3-dimensional morphometry of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle and articular disc using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and physical measurements of the same joints using a repeated measures design and to determine the effect of the measurement technique on temporomandibular size and shape. Human cadaveric heads underwent a multistep protocol to acquire physiologically meaningful measurements of the condyle and disc. The heads first underwent CBCT scanning, and solid models were automatically generated. The superficial soft tissues were dissected, and intact TMJs were excised and underwent MRI scanning, with solid models generated a...
Journal of biomechanics, Jan 22, 2018
In musculoskeletal models of the human temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles are typically repre... more In musculoskeletal models of the human temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles are typically represented by force vectors that connect approximate muscle origin and insertion centroids (centroid-to-centroid force vectors). This simplification assumes equivalent moment arms and muscle lengths for all fibers within a muscle even with complex geometry and may result in inaccurate estimations of muscle force and joint loading. The objectives of this study were to quantify the three-dimensional (3D) human TMJ muscle attachment morphometry and examine its impact on TMJ mechanics. 3D muscle attachment surfaces of temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, and medial pterygoid muscles of human cadaveric heads were generated by co-registering measured attachment boundaries with underlying skull models created from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images. A bounding box technique was used to quantify 3D muscle attachment size, shape, location, and orientation. Musculoskeletal models of t...
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nov 1, 2022
Springer eBooks, Dec 18, 2020
Fever is the presence of an elevated body temperature above normal and a manifestation of cytokin... more Fever is the presence of an elevated body temperature above normal and a manifestation of cytokine release in response to a variety of conditions. There is some evidence that IL-6 is the cytokine most closely correlated with postoperative fever. The emergence of fever, defined as a temperature greater than 38 °C (100.4 °F), within the perioperative course, presents a diagnostic and management challenge for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Symptoms of fever include sweating, shivering, headache, muscle aches, loss of appetite, dehydration, and generalized weakness. In severe instances, the symptoms may include hallucinations, confusion, irritability, convulsions, or severe dehydration. The body is normally able to maintain a fairly steady temperature via a balancing act between excess heat production and heat dissipation from the skin and lungs (Porat, http://www.uptodate.com, 2016; Weed, http://www.uptodate.com, 2016; Lee-Chiong and Stitt, Compr Ther 21:697, 1995). Throughout this chapter, we will explore the causes of fever development, the importance of identifying time of onset, the significance of fever, and its management in the perioperative oral and maxillofacial surgery patient.
Springer eBooks, Dec 18, 2020
Wound Repair and Regeneration, 2019
Large bone injuries, defects, and chronic wounds present a major problem for medicine. Several th... more Large bone injuries, defects, and chronic wounds present a major problem for medicine. Several therapeutic strategies are used clinically to precipitate bone including a combination therapy delivering osteoinductive bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) via an osteoconductive scaffold (absorbable collagen sponge, ACS) (i.e. INFUSE). Adverse side effects reportedly associated with rhBMP2 administration include rampant inflammation and clinical failures. Although acute inflammation is necessary for proper healing in bone, inflammatory cascade dysregulation can result in sustained tissue damage and poor healing. We hypothesized that a subclinical dose of rhBMP2 modeled in the murine calvarial defect would not precipitate alterations to inflammatory markers during acute phases of bone wound healing. We utilized the 5mm critical size calvarial defect in C57BL6 wild-type mice which were subsequently treated with ACS and a subclinical dose of rhBMP2 shown to be optimal for healing. Three and seven-day
Peterson’s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Office Based Anesthesia Complications, 2020
Office Based Anesthesia Complications
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Journal of Translational Medicine
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society, Jan 28, 2018
Large craniofacial defects present a substantial clinical challenge that often requires the use o... more Large craniofacial defects present a substantial clinical challenge that often requires the use of osteoconductive matrices and osteoinductive cues (i.e. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP2)) to augment healing. While these methods have improved clinical outcomes, a better understanding of how the osteogenic fronts surrounding the defect, the underlying dura mater, and the cranial suture area contribute to healing may lead to more targeted therapies to enhance bone regeneration. We hypothesized that healing within a large bone defect will be precipitated from cells within the remaining or available suture mesenchyme abutting the edges of a murine critical sized defect. To investigate this hypothesis, 39 adult, wild-type mice were randomly arranged into groups (9 or 10 per group) by time (4 and 8 weeks), and treatment (control, acellular collagen sponge (ACS) alone, or ACS loaded with a clinically relevant scaled dosage of BMP2). The skulls were then subjected to μCT and histological a...
Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, Jan 29, 2018
Many variables serve to alter the process of bone remodelling and diminish regeneration including... more Many variables serve to alter the process of bone remodelling and diminish regeneration including the size and nature of the wound bed and health status of the individual. To overcome these inhibitory factors, tissue-engineered osteoconductive scaffolds paired with various growth factors have been utilized clinically. However, many limitations still remain, for example, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) can lead to rampant inflammation, ectopic bone formation, and graft failure. Here, we studied the ability for a nanofiber scaffold (Talymed) to accelerate BMP2 growth factor-induced bone healing compared with the traditional absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) delivery system. One hundred fifty-five adult wild type mice were arranged in 16 groups by time, 4 and 8 weeks, and treatment, ACS or Talymed, loaded with control, low, medium, or high dosages of BMP2. Skulls were subjected to microCT, biomechanical, and histological analysis to assess bone regeneration. The use of Talymed withi...
Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, Jan 10, 2018
Accurate description of the temporomandibular size and shape (morphometry) is critical for clinic... more Accurate description of the temporomandibular size and shape (morphometry) is critical for clinical diagnosis and surgical planning and the design and development of regenerative scaffolds and prosthetic devices and to model the temporomandibular loading environment. The study objective was to determine the 3-dimensional morphometry of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condyle and articular disc using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and physical measurements of the same joints using a repeated measures design and to determine the effect of the measurement technique on temporomandibular size and shape. Human cadaveric heads underwent a multistep protocol to acquire physiologically meaningful measurements of the condyle and disc. The heads first underwent CBCT scanning, and solid models were automatically generated. The superficial soft tissues were dissected, and intact TMJs were excised and underwent MRI scanning, with solid models generated a...
Journal of biomechanics, Jan 22, 2018
In musculoskeletal models of the human temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles are typically repre... more In musculoskeletal models of the human temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles are typically represented by force vectors that connect approximate muscle origin and insertion centroids (centroid-to-centroid force vectors). This simplification assumes equivalent moment arms and muscle lengths for all fibers within a muscle even with complex geometry and may result in inaccurate estimations of muscle force and joint loading. The objectives of this study were to quantify the three-dimensional (3D) human TMJ muscle attachment morphometry and examine its impact on TMJ mechanics. 3D muscle attachment surfaces of temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, and medial pterygoid muscles of human cadaveric heads were generated by co-registering measured attachment boundaries with underlying skull models created from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images. A bounding box technique was used to quantify 3D muscle attachment size, shape, location, and orientation. Musculoskeletal models of t...