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Papers by Muwaffaq Karajeh

Journal of Plant Protection Research, 2008

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A Survey of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Karak Province of Jordan Muwaffaq R. Karajeh and Nofal S... more A Survey of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Karak Province of Jordan
Muwaffaq R. Karajeh and Nofal S. Al-Ameiri*
ABSTRACT
An extensive field survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with most of field and vegetable crops and
fruit trees was conducted in most of the irrigated and rainfed agricultural areas of Karak Province of Jordan during 2007-2009. Several species of plant-parasitic nematodes were recorded. The most important species were root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita), root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.), spiral
nematodes (Helicotylenchus spp.), Citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) and stunt nematodes
(Tylenchorhynchus spp.). Some nematode species (Paratylenchus projectus, Pratylenchus brachyurus,
Tylenchorhynchus hordei and Leptonchus granulosis) were recorded for the first time in Jordan and some of the
surveyed areas were recorded as new sites for most nematode species e.g. Wadi bani Hammad region for rootknot
nematodes on tomato and Al-Mujib Valley for Citrus nematode on both olive and Citrus trees.
Keywords: Biodiversity, Host-Range, Nematode Genera, Occurrence.

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Virulence of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., on tomato bearing the Mi gene for resistance ... more Virulence of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., on tomato
bearing the Mi gene for resistance
MUWAFFAQ KARAJEH1
, WALID ABU-GHARBIEH2
and SAMEER MASOUD1
1Department of Plant Protection and Integrated Pest Management, Faculty of Agriculture,
Mu’tah University, PO Box 7, Karak, Jordan 2
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Summary. Three species of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita races 1 and 2, and M. arenaria race 2 occur in Jordan. These species and their races were identified using morphological characters, the North
Carolina differential host test, and SCAR-PCR. The virulence of 83 isolates belonging to Meloidogyne species and
races was assayed. The virulence assay was based on the isolate reproduction rate on a resistant tomato cultivar
Betterboy bearing the Mi gene for resistance, and was compared with that on the susceptible tomato cultivar Rutgers.
Three M. javanica isolates were highly virulent on the resistant cv. Betterboy as indicated by their high root gall
index (4.73) and high reproduction factor (3.73). The horticultural parameters (shoot and root fresh weights and root dry weight) were negatively correlated with the reproduction factor.
Key words: race, reproduction, susceptibility, SCAR-PCR.

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RESPONSE OF WHEAT, BARLEY AND OAT CULTIVARS AND ACCESSIONS TO MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA M.R. Karajeh1 ... more RESPONSE OF WHEAT, BARLEY AND OAT CULTIVARS
AND ACCESSIONS TO MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA
M.R. Karajeh1 , A.H. Abdel-Ghani2 and N. Al-Majali3
1 Department of Plant Protection and IPM, 2 Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7, Karak 61710, Jordan 3 Plant Breeding, National Center of Agricultural Research and Extension, Amman, Jordan
Summary. A screening was undertaken to assess the reaction of three gramineous crops to Meloidogyne javanica. Fourteen cultivars
of barley, seven cultivars of durum wheat and four accessions of oat recently introduced in Jordan, were evaluated by inoculating the test pots with 1000 second stage juveniles (J2
) of the nematode or filling them with field soil containing 520 eggs and
J2
/250 g. Inoculation of J2 showed that two cultivars of barley (Morocco 9-75 and WI2291), one of wheat (Cham 5) and three accessions
of oat (O22, O23, O24) appeared to be immune to the nematode, while the other tested cultivars were ranked resistant to M. javanica infection. Using field soil, all of the tested cultivars and accessions were ranked resistant except two cultivars of barley (Rum and Acsad 176) that were susceptible, and one of wheat (Khayar Tunis) that was tolerant.
Keywords: Cereals, host reaction, root-knot nematodes.

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Root-knot nematodes, RKNs (Meloidogyne species and races) are widely distributed throughout the i... more Root-knot nematodes, RKNs (Meloidogyne species and races) are widely distributed throughout the irrigated
agricultural areas in Jordan which differ in their environmental conditions. In this study, host plant range of local
populations of RKNs was revised in Jordan and new host samples were collected from some agricultural areas.
Thirty one plant species belonging to 19 different plant families were reported as hosts for RKNs in Jordan. Some
plant species were recorded for the first time as new natural hosts including: rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) to
M. incognita race 1, jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), and Mallow (Malva sylvestris) and wild barley (Hordeum
spontaneum) to M. javanica. Some of the studied areas e.g. Al-Eina, Karak was recorded as a new site for RKNs.
The results of this study may provide useful information for the management of RKNs in Jordan.

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Olive is the most widely grown fruit tree in Jordan; it is annually attacked by the olive fruit f... more Olive is the most widely grown fruit tree in Jordan; it is annually attacked by the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), whose larvae usually cause great economic losses in fruit yield. Alternaria solani, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium solani, Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum and Rhizopus stolonifer were found associated with the fly infestation with a sample frequency ranging from 6.7-33.3%. Penicillium digitatum was the most dominant species. All molds were vulnerable for a hot water treatment at 50 and 70ºC as indicated by their low spore germination and colony-forming unit except for P. digitatum and P. italicum which were the most heat-tolerant. When the olive oil was inoculated with pure cultures of these molds, the mold fungi were able to colonize olive oil. Rhizopus stolonifer was the greatest colonizer and besides Alternaria solani, both had obviously reduced the oil peroxide value over the control without greatly affecting the oil free fatty acid content.

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Journal of Plant Protection Research, 2008

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