Zdeněk Tvrdý | Moravian Museum (original) (raw)

Papers by Zdeněk Tvrdý

Journal of World Prehistory

This research combines Strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and Oxygen (δ18O) isotope analysis to challenge the ... more This research combines Strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and Oxygen (δ18O) isotope analysis to challenge the prevailing interpretation of patrilocal exogamic practices among eastern European Early Neolithic Linearbandkeramik (LBK) communities. Patrilocality has been considered the key factor influencing the mobility patterns of central Europe’s first farmers (c. 5500–4900 cal. BC), especially in the south-eastern Moravian region (Czech Republic). Focusing our attention on both male and female tooth enamel samples from cemeteries, settlement graves and small clusters of graves, this paper reassesses the correlation between mobility, biological sex, and funerary practices. This task is accomplished by establishing a new isotopic footprint using new 87Sr/86Sr data, as well as significantly increasing the number of sampled individuals for 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O. The outcome of this research contributes to a better understanding of the mobility patterns among early farmers in central Europe, challenging existing theories and providing new insights into their social and cultural dynamics.

Journal of World Prehistory, 2024

This research combines Strontium (87 Sr/ 86 Sr) and Oxygen (δ 18 O) isotope analysis to challenge... more This research combines Strontium (87 Sr/ 86 Sr) and Oxygen (δ 18 O) isotope analysis to challenge the prevailing interpretation of patrilocal exogamic practices among eastern European Early Neolithic Linearbandkeramik (LBK) communities. Patrilocality has been considered the key factor influencing the mobility patterns of central Europe's first farmers (c. 5500-4900 cal. BC), especially in the southeastern Moravian region (Czech Republic). Focusing our attention on both male and female tooth enamel samples from cemeteries, settlement graves and small clusters of graves, this paper reassesses the correlation between mobility, biological sex, and funerary practices. This task is accomplished by establishing a new isotopic footprint using new 87 Sr/ 86 Sr data, as well as significantly increasing the number of sampled individuals for 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and δ 18 O. The outcome of this research contributes to a better understanding of the mobility patterns among early farmers in central Europe, challenging existing theories and providing new insights into their social and cultural dynamics.

This study reconstructs Middle and Late Neolithic dietary practices in the area of the today Czec... more This study reconstructs Middle and Late Neolithic dietary practices in the area of the today Czech Republic and Lower Austria with a help of complementary evidence of stable isotope and dental microwear analysis. From a total of 171 humans, carbon and nitrogen isotopic values were measured in bone collagen of 146 individuals (accompanied by 64 animals) while 113 individuals were included into buccal dental microwear analysis. The samples were divided into two newly established chronological phases: Neolithic B (4900-4000 BC) and Neolithic C (3800-3400 BC) based on radiocarbon data modelling. Isotopic results show that the Neolithic diet was of terrestrial origin with a dominant plant component. A small but statistically significant shift in human carbon isotopic values to a higher δ 13 C was observed during the Neolithic C, probably reflecting an underlying change in plant growing conditions. Dental microwear results suggest a shift in adult diet and/or food preparation techniques between the Neolithic B and C, which, however, was not reflected in either the carbon or nitrogen isotopic values. The positive correlations between nitrogen isotopic values and the dental microwear variables (NV, XV, XT and NV/ NT) observed in the adult sample suggest that meat rather than milk was the dominant source of animal protein, or that food enriched in 15 N was processed specifically. Also, as both methods offer a snapshot of different periods of an individual's life, the presence of a significant correlation may imply highly repetitive dietary behaviour during their lifetime.

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2023

This study reconstructs Middle and Late Neolithic dietary practices in the area of the today Czec... more This study reconstructs Middle and Late Neolithic dietary practices in the area of the today Czech Republic and Lower Austria with a help of complementary evidence of stable isotope and dental microwear analysis. From a total of 171 humans, carbon and nitrogen isotopic values were measured in bone collagen of 146 individuals (accompanied by 64 animals) while 113 individuals were included into buccal dental microwear analysis. The samples were divided into two newly established chronological phases: Neolithic B (4900–4000 BC) and Neolithic C (3800–3400 BC) based on radiocarbon data modelling. Isotopic results show that the Neolithic diet was of terrestrial origin with a dominant plant component. A small but statistically significant shift in human carbon isotopic values to a higher δ¹³C was observed during the Neolithic C, probably reflecting an underlying change in plant growing conditions. Dental microwear results suggest a shift in adult diet and/or food preparation techniques between the Neolithic B and C, which, however, was not reflected in either the carbon or nitrogen isotopic values. The positive correlations between nitrogen isotopic values and the dental microwear variables (NV, XV, XT and NV/NT) observed in the adult sample suggest that meat rather than milk was the dominant source of animal protein, or that food enriched in ¹⁵N was processed specifically. Also, as both methods offer a snapshot of different periods of an individual’s life, the presence of a significant correlation may imply highly repetitive dietary behaviour during their lifetime.

Anthropologie 60, 2: 351-378, 2022

ABSTRACT: The aim of the paper is to evaluate selected dental characteristics during the Middl... more ABSTRACT: The aim of the paper is to evaluate selected dental
characteristics during the Middle and Late Neolithic in the area of today's Czech Republic and extending into Lower Austria. Dental caries, antemortem tooth loss, dental wear and periodontal disease provided us with valuable information about dental health. With the help of dental microwear analysis, we were able to evaluate complementary evidence to reconstruct dietary patterns and gain insights into diet evolution of established farmers and herders. The analysed sample was divided into two newly proposed long chronological phases which are derived from frequency occurrence of C14 data as a population proxy: Neolithic B (4900–4000 BC) and Neolithic C (3800–3400 BC). The obtained data were compared with LBK (Neolithic A) and Final Neolithic samples to provide the actual picture of dental characteristics in Neolithic. As observed, the incidence of tooth decay tended to decrease during the Neolithic period in the studied area, while the ratio of the meat component in the diet tended to increase. However, the changes during the post-LBK period did not have a uniform character, as it might seem at first glance; there was high variability in the studied area caused not only by socio-economic changes in society, but these changes seem to reflect the approach to the food consumed. This variability was probably influenced by the chronological and geographical context as well.

Vlastivědný věstník moravský, 2004

Clanek pojenava o využiti prospekce pomoci detektoru kovů při archeologickem výzkumu slovanskeho ... more Clanek pojenava o využiti prospekce pomoci detektoru kovů při archeologickem výzkumu slovanskeho pohřebistě v Divakach.

Archeologické rozhledy, 2021

The article addresses the chronology of Eneolithic inhumation burials in Moravia based on radioca... more The article addresses the chronology of Eneolithic inhumation burials in Moravia based on radiocarbon dating. A total of 17 individuals were dated using 20 radiocarbon dates, primarily individuals without grave goods or individuals from problematic contexts. The study mainly covers the period of the Early Eneolithic, to a lesser extent the Middle and Late Eneolithic. The find contexts and anthropological assessments are newly published for most of the burials in question. Based on the chronological analysis of graves dated by radiocarbon dating, it is possible to approximately define the time dispersion of individual burial methods in Moravia. Flat graves with individuals in a stretched position without grave goods can be most reliably dated to about 3800–3600 BC.

Jarošová Ivana, Fojtová Martina, Tvrdý Zdeněk (eds.) (2012): ANTROPOLOGICKÁ ANALÝZA RANĚ STŘEDOVĚ... more Jarošová Ivana, Fojtová Martina, Tvrdý Zdeněk (eds.) (2012): ANTROPOLOGICKÁ ANALÝZA RANĚ STŘEDOVĚKÉ POPULACE Z DOLNÍCH VĚSTONIC – NA PÍSKÁCH. Anthropological Analysis of the Early Medieval Population from Dolní Věstonice – Na Pískách. Moravské zemské muzeum, Brno. ANTHROPOS, Studies in Anthropology, Palaeoethnology, Palaeontology and Quaternary Geology, Vol. 34, N.S. 26, 2012. 153 pp. ISBN 978-80-7028-394-3.

OBSAH / CONTENTS

PODĚKOVÁNÍ

Šimon Ungerman
1. ARCHEOLOGICKÝ VÝZKUM POHŘEBIŠTĚ V DOLNÍCH VĚSTONICÍCH-NA PÍSKÁCH 11
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH BURIAL GROUND

Martina Fojtová – Ivana Jarošová
2. DEMOGRAFIE DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ NA PÍSKÁCH 21
DEMOGRAPHY OF THE POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE NA PÍSKÁCH

Michal Živný
3. STRUKTURA KOSTERNÍHO SOUBORU A DEMOGRAFICKÉ UKAZATELE Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH 31
SKELETAL SET STRUCTURE AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH NECROPOLE

Zdeněk Tvrdý
4. METRICKÉ VYHODNOCENÍ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 38
METRICAL EVALUATION OF THE POPULATION OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Martina Fojtová
5. ANALÝZA VÝSKYTU EPIGENETICKÝCH ZNAKŮ NA KOSTERNÍCH POZŮSTATCÍCH STAROSLOVANSKÉ POPULACE Z LOKALITY DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH 50
AN ANALYSIS OF NON-METRIC (EPIGENETIC) TRAITS ON THE SKELETAL REMAINS OF THE OLD SLAVONIC POPULATIONS FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE, CZECH REPUBLIC

Lenka Vargová – Ladislava Horáčková
6. PALEOPATOLOGICKÁ ANALÝZA KOSTERNÍCH POZŮSTATKŮ Z DOLNÍCH VĚSTONIC-NA PÍSKÁCH 60
PALEOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SKELETAL REMAINS FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová
7. CRIBRA ORBITALIA V DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACI NA PÍSKÁCH 71
CRIBRA ORBITALIA IN THE POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová
8. KAZIVOST ZUBŮ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH: KOMPARAČNÍ STUDIE VYBRANÝCH HISTORICKÝCH POPULACÍ 80
DENTAL CARIES IN THE POPULATION OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED HISTORICAL POPULATIONS

Ivana Jarošová
9. NESPECIFICKÝ STRES V DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACI NA PÍSKÁCH NA MODELU SKLOVINNÝCH HYPOPLASIÍ ZUBŮ 96
NON-SPECIFIC STRESS IN THE MEDIEVAL POPULATION AT DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová
10. REKONSTRUKCE STRAVY POMOCÍ BUKÁLNÍCH MIKROABRAZÍ ZUBŮ U JEDINCŮ Z DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 106
DIETARY RECONSTRUCTION OF INDIVIDUALS FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH USING BUCCAL DENTAL MICROWEAR

Lubomír Prokeš
11. PRVKOVÁ ANALÝZA KOSTERNÍCH POZŮSTATKŮ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 121
EARLY MEDIEVAL POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH: ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF SKELETAL REMAINS

Gabriela Dreslerová
12. OSTEOARCHEOLOGICKÝ ROZBOR MILODARŮ JEDINCŮ Z DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉHO POHŘEBIŠTĚ NA PÍSKÁCH 133
ANALYSIS OF ANIMAL BONES AT DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE NA PÍSKÁCH GRAVEYARD: EVIDENCE FOR SYMBOLIC AND RITUAL ACTIVITY

Ivana Jarošová – Martina Fojtová – Šimon Ungerman
13. PŘÍLOHA: SEZNAM ANALYZOVANÝCH JEDINCŮ Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH 137
Appendix: List of analysed individuals from Dolní Věstonice-Na Pískách.

ADRESÁŘ AUTORŮ / LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 153

Scientific Reports, 2016

Across much of central Europe, the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) represents the first Neolithic communi... more Across much of central Europe, the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) represents the first Neolithic communities. Arising in Transdanubia around 5500 cal. BC the LBK spread west to the Rhine within two to three hundred years, carrying elements of a mixed agricultural economy and a relatively homogeneous material culture. Colonisation of new regions during this progress would have required economic adaptations to varied ecological conditions within the landscape. This paper investigates whether such adaptation at a local scale affected health patterns and altered the dietary habits of populations that otherwise shared a common cultural and biological origin. Analysis of non-specific stress (linear enamel hypoplasia, porotic hyperostosis, cribra orbitalia) within five LBK populations from across central Europe in conjunction with published carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data from each site revealed a high prevalence of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia in western populations that was associated with a lower animal protein intake. Hypoplastic enamel was more frequently observed in eastern populations however, and may reflect geographic differences in childhood morbidity and mortality as a result of variation in social practices relating to weaning. Local socioeconomic adaptations within the LBK were therefore an important factor in the exposure of populations to non-specific stress. Settlements of the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) culture, identified by their characteristic longhouse architecture and linearly incised pottery, are found across much of central Europe during the late sixth and early fifth millennia BC. The culture first arose in Transdanubia around 5500 cal. BC 1,2 , practicing a small-scale intensive garden agriculture based on the cultivation of five staple crops (einkorn and emmer wheat, barley, peas, and lentils) and the husbandry of four animals (cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs 3,4). Rapid spread of the LBK from Transdanubia to the Rhine by 5300 cal. BC suggests a rapid diffusion of the culture and recent studies of genomic data from 17 LBK specimens from Eastern Hungary 5 , Transdanubia, and Germany 6,7 indicate a close genetic affinity between LBK populations across this distribution. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bones and teeth from LBK populations suggests that they were consuming a mixed terrestrial diet and that this differed little depending on the age, sex, or social status of individuals 8-10. Small differences in the proportions of proteins and carbohydrates consumed by males and females may, however, have existed at some sites 11 and dietary differences across the geographic landscape may be identified in the archaeological record 12. Analysis of palaeobotanical data and faunal remains from a number of sites has given an insight into to some of the spectrum of foods consumed as part of the LBK diet, and how this diet apparently varied by region. Barley grains are frequently found within settlements from the Carpathian Basin and the Neckar region of Germany, but not over the landscape in between 13. Greater proportions of einkorn than emmer wheat and the presence of the opium poppy further suggest slightly different subsistence at western German LBK sites 3,4. Exploitation of wild

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences

South Moravia (Czech Republic) has provided numerous Upper Palaeolithic—Gravettian sites (33–22 k... more South Moravia (Czech Republic) has provided numerous Upper Palaeolithic—Gravettian sites (33–22 kyr BP) with a great deal of human skeletal remains. One such site is the well-known burial of a gracile, 36- to 45-year-old female, found in Dolní Věstonice I in 1949. Palaeopathological examination of the female’s skull showed extensive pathological damage with significant asymmetry of the facial area as a result of a traumatic injury in childhood. The goal of this article is to summarise all information and make a virtual reconstruction of the original skull including a facial reconstruction. The condition of the skull from grave DV 3 was generally very poor and fragmentary; it was restored in the 1950s. We used computer tomography (CT) analysis and a 3D scan of the skull. For the 3D reconstruction of the face, we used a method based on prediction rules by G. Lebedinskaya. The results of the new CT analysis confirm an irregular formation of the braincase. For the first time, we can compare the original state of the skull with the reconstruction. On the basis of the results of artistic facial reconstruction, we can present the Breal^ face of a woman who is 25,000–27,000 years old. This combination of CT and 3D data allowed us to create a new 3D virtual model. Though the facial reconstruction took into account the post-traumatic condition of the woman’s face and the asymmetry of the bones is obvious, the degree of asymmetry is subjective.

Acta Musei Moraviae – Scientiae sociales XCIV, 2009

An unpublished manuscript entitled Die Schädel aus der Býčí skála-Höhle has been preserved in the... more An unpublished manuscript entitled Die Schädel aus der Býčí skála-Höhle has been preserved in the estate after Dr. Heinrich Wankel. The author describes 6 of the 40 skulls from this cave, which he obtained during research in 1872. The significance of the text lies in the fact that the six skulls also describe the skeletons and especially the objects that lay on the skeletons. In skulls 5 and 6, even the female magnate (gold bracelet) and the male magnate (dagger) reach the social level. We can only regret that the manuscript was never completed. The text also follows Wankel's method for determining gender and age. It is quite clear that he could not achieve the result of contemporary anthropology with his knowledge in the 70s of the 19th century. Criticism of Wankel's result in contemporary anthropology in this regard is out of place. The text is a valuable source for research into this Moravian central Hallstatt locality ‒ a cave sanctuary with numerous burials of elites.

Študijné zvesti Archeologického ústavu SAV , 2007

The paper deals with the Early Iron Age in southern Moravia, it outlines interpretation ways of t... more The paper deals with the Early Iron Age in southern Moravia, it outlines interpretation ways of the problem that had been almost out of the interest of traditional archaeology in the past. Object of the authors of the paper was to accumulate archaeological sources dealing with life and death of children and partially also of subadult members of Hallstatt societies (8th-6th centuries BC) and with the help of several related subjects aimed at research of man and his behaviour - anthropology, historical etlmography, and cultural anthropology - to present the problem as a complex or to find some another, in Czech archaeology less used research ways besides the archaeological interpretation. Opinion of the authors is that the chosen approach allows creating of more graphic picture of the problem. For this age group in the Hallstatt period its low degree of presence in primary field (archaeological) sources is very typical if compared with the world of adults. This is also reflected in the paper's title. We can use here the term "archaeology of not found" or in our case "partially found", which is used out of archaeology for the part of the world of past live societies, as absolutely pertinent for those members of communities, who did not exceed the clearly given limit of adult age. Working upon the paper, the authors were conscious of the fact that apart from the gathered evidence of children and subadults they have to think also of missing or only partially present evidence of the youngest members of the communities under study at all parts of settled areas - settlement sites, burial grounds and sanctuaries/cult places as well. This approach can be a relevant clue in drawing of final interpretations. Described state of archaeological sources probably is not connected with "recent state of excavations" alone, but it reflects specific behaviour of adults, who form rules for those, who did not get across the limits of adulthood. The authors have decided to include the chosen theme into the gender and cultural and anthropological research.. the aim of which is to explain the world of man as creator of artefacts that in the past always used to be the main and sometimes almost the major problem of study of traditional archaeology.

Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae sociales, 2018

In the extensive rescue research at Modřice, in 2015, another example of a little-known phenomeno... more In the extensive rescue research at Modřice, in 2015, another example of a little-known phenomenon has been uncovered. Two groups of inhumation graves contained a total of twenty skeletons on which basic anthropological and paleopathological analysis was performed. The graves with the skeletons in the outstretched position on the back with the orientation oscillating around NW-SE did not contain any grave goods, but thanks to the absolute data and stratigraphic relations they can be dated to the Funnel Beaker culture and connected with other similar localities from Moravia, Lower Austria and Poland. It is likely that some other already discovered inhumation graves, which figure in the literature as generally prehistoric, undated or early medieval burial components, may be of the same age.
KEY WORDS: Eneolithic, Funnel Beaker culture, burial ground, Moravia, absolute chronology, anthropological analysis, paleopathology.

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2019

South Moravia (Czech Republic) has provided numerous Upper Palaeolithic—Gravettian sites (33–22 k... more South Moravia (Czech Republic) has provided numerous Upper Palaeolithic—Gravettian sites (33–22 kyr BP) with a great deal
of human skeletal remains. One such site is the well-known burial of a gracile, 36- to 45-year-old female, found in Dolní
Věstonice I in 1949. Palaeopathological examination of the female’s skull showed extensive pathological damage with significant
asymmetry of the facial area as a result of a traumatic injury in childhood. The goal of this article is to summarise all
information and make a virtual reconstruction of the original skull including a facial reconstruction. The condition of the skull
from grave DV 3 was generally very poor and fragmentary; it was restored in the 1950s. We used computer tomography (CT)
analysis and a 3D scan of the skull. For the 3D reconstruction of the face, we used a method based on prediction rules by G.
Lebedinskaya. The results of the new CT analysis confirm an irregular formation of the braincase. For the first time, we can
compare the original state of the skull with the reconstruction. On the basis of the results of artistic facial reconstruction, we can
present the Breal^ face of a woman who is 25,000–27,000 years old. This combination of CT and 3D data allowed us to create a
new 3D virtual model. Though the facial reconstruction took into account the post-traumatic condition of the woman’s face and
the asymmetry of the bones is obvious, the degree of asymmetry is subjective.

Journal of World Prehistory

Journal of World Prehistory, 2024

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2023

This study reconstructs Middle and Late Neolithic dietary practices in the area of the today Czec... more This study reconstructs Middle and Late Neolithic dietary practices in the area of the today Czech Republic and Lower Austria with a help of complementary evidence of stable isotope and dental microwear analysis. From a total of 171 humans, carbon and nitrogen isotopic values were measured in bone collagen of 146 individuals (accompanied by 64 animals) while 113 individuals were included into buccal dental microwear analysis. The samples were divided into two newly established chronological phases: Neolithic B (4900–4000 BC) and Neolithic C (3800–3400 BC) based on radiocarbon data modelling. Isotopic results show that the Neolithic diet was of terrestrial origin with a dominant plant component. A small but statistically significant shift in human carbon isotopic values to a higher δ¹³C was observed during the Neolithic C, probably reflecting an underlying change in plant growing conditions. Dental microwear results suggest a shift in adult diet and/or food preparation techniques between the Neolithic B and C, which, however, was not reflected in either the carbon or nitrogen isotopic values. The positive correlations between nitrogen isotopic values and the dental microwear variables (NV, XV, XT and NV/NT) observed in the adult sample suggest that meat rather than milk was the dominant source of animal protein, or that food enriched in ¹⁵N was processed specifically. Also, as both methods offer a snapshot of different periods of an individual’s life, the presence of a significant correlation may imply highly repetitive dietary behaviour during their lifetime.

Anthropologie 60, 2: 351-378, 2022

Vlastivědný věstník moravský, 2004

Archeologické rozhledy, 2021

OBSAH / CONTENTS

PODĚKOVÁNÍ

Šimon Ungerman
1. ARCHEOLOGICKÝ VÝZKUM POHŘEBIŠTĚ V DOLNÍCH VĚSTONICÍCH-NA PÍSKÁCH 11
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH BURIAL GROUND

Martina Fojtová – Ivana Jarošová
2. DEMOGRAFIE DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ NA PÍSKÁCH 21
DEMOGRAPHY OF THE POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE NA PÍSKÁCH

Zdeněk Tvrdý
4. METRICKÉ VYHODNOCENÍ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 38
METRICAL EVALUATION OF THE POPULATION OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová
7. CRIBRA ORBITALIA V DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACI NA PÍSKÁCH 71
CRIBRA ORBITALIA IN THE POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

ADRESÁŘ AUTORŮ / LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 153

Scientific Reports, 2016

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences

Acta Musei Moraviae – Scientiae sociales XCIV, 2009

Študijné zvesti Archeologického ústavu SAV , 2007

Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae sociales, 2018

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2019

South Moravia (Czech Republic) has provided numerous Upper Palaeolithic—Gravettian sites (33–22 k... more South Moravia (Czech Republic) has provided numerous Upper Palaeolithic—Gravettian sites (33–22 kyr BP) with a great deal
of human skeletal remains. One such site is the well-known burial of a gracile, 36- to 45-year-old female, found in Dolní
Věstonice I in 1949. Palaeopathological examination of the female’s skull showed extensive pathological damage with significant
asymmetry of the facial area as a result of a traumatic injury in childhood. The goal of this article is to summarise all
information and make a virtual reconstruction of the original skull including a facial reconstruction. The condition of the skull
from grave DV 3 was generally very poor and fragmentary; it was restored in the 1950s. We used computer tomography (CT)
analysis and a 3D scan of the skull. For the 3D reconstruction of the face, we used a method based on prediction rules by G.
Lebedinskaya. The results of the new CT analysis confirm an irregular formation of the braincase. For the first time, we can
compare the original state of the skull with the reconstruction. On the basis of the results of artistic facial reconstruction, we can
present the Breal^ face of a woman who is 25,000–27,000 years old. This combination of CT and 3D data allowed us to create a
new 3D virtual model. Though the facial reconstruction took into account the post-traumatic condition of the woman’s face and
the asymmetry of the bones is obvious, the degree of asymmetry is subjective.

Jarošová I., Fojtová M., Tvrdý Z. (Eds.): Antropologická analýza raně středověké populace z Dolních Věstonic - Na Pískách / Anthropological analysis of the early medieval population from Dolní Věstonice - Na Pískách. Anthropos - Studies in Anthropology, Palaeontology and Quaternary Geology. MZM Brno, 2012

OBSAH / CONTENT Šimon Ungerman 1. ARCHEOLOGICKÝ VÝZKUM POHŘEBIŠTĚ V DOLNÍCH VĚSTONICÍCH-NA PÍS... more OBSAH / CONTENT

Šimon Ungerman 1. ARCHEOLOGICKÝ VÝZKUM POHŘEBIŠTĚ V DOLNÍCH VĚSTONICÍCH-NA PÍSKÁCH 11 ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH BURIAL GROUND

Martina Fojtová – Ivana Jarošová 2. DEMOGRAFIE DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ NA PÍSKÁCH 21 DEMOGRAPHY OF THE POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE NA PÍSKÁCH

Michal Živný 3. STRUKTURA KOSTERNÍHO SOUBORU A DEMOGRAFICKÉ UKAZATELE Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH 31 SKELETAL SET STRUCTURE AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH NECROPOLE

Zdeněk Tvrdý 4. METRICKÉ VYHODNOCENÍ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 38 METRICAL EVALUATION OF THE POPULATION OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Martina Fojtová 5. ANALÝZA VÝSKYTU EPIGENETICKÝCH ZNAKŮ NA KOSTERNÍCH POZŮSTATCÍCH STAROSLOVANSKÉ POPULACE Z LOKALITY DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH 50 AN ANALYSIS OF NON-METRIC (EPIGENETIC) TRAITS ON THE SKELETAL REMAINS OF THE OLD SLAVONIC POPULATIONS FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE, CZECH REPUBLIC

Lenka Vargová – Ladislava Horáčková 6. PALEOPATOLOGICKÁ ANALÝZA KOSTERNÍCH POZŮSTATKŮ Z DOLNÍCH VĚSTONIC-NA PÍSKÁCH 60 PALEOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SKELETAL REMAINS FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová 7. CRIBRA ORBITALIA V DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACI NA PÍSKÁCH 71 CRIBRA ORBITALIA IN THE POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová 8. KAZIVOST ZUBŮ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH: KOMPARAČNÍ STUDIE VYBRANÝCH HISTORICKÝCH POPULACÍ 80 DENTAL CARIES IN THE POPULATION OF DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED HISTORICAL POPULATIONS

Ivana Jarošová 9. NESPECIFICKÝ STRES V DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACI NA PÍSKÁCH NA MODELU SKLOVINNÝCH HYPOPLASIÍ ZUBŮ 96 NON-SPECIFIC STRESS IN THE MEDIEVAL POPULATION AT DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH

Ivana Jarošová 10. REKONSTRUKCE STRAVY POMOCÍ BUKÁLNÍCH MIKROABRAZÍ ZUBŮ U JEDINCŮ Z DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 106 DIETARY RECONSTRUCTION OF INDIVIDUALS FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH USING BUCCAL DENTAL MICROWEAR

Lubomír Prokeš 11. PRVKOVÁ ANALÝZA KOSTERNÍCH POZŮSTATKŮ DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉ POPULACE NA PÍSKÁCH 121 EARLY MEDIEVAL POPULATION FROM DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH: ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF SKELETAL REMAINS

Gabriela Dreslerová 12. OSTEOARCHEOLOGICKÝ ROZBOR MILODARŮ JEDINCŮ Z DOLNOVĚSTONICKÉHO POHŘEBIŠTĚ NA PÍSKÁCH 133 ANALYSIS OF ANIMAL BONES AT DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE NA PÍSKÁCH GRAVEYARD: EVIDENCE FOR SYMBOLIC AND RITUAL ACTIVITY

Ivana Jarošová – Martina Fojtová – Šimon Ungerman 13. PŘÍLOHA: SEZNAM ANALYZOVANÝCH JEDINCŮ Z POHŘEBIŠTĚ DOLNÍ VĚSTONICE-NA PÍSKÁCH 137
Appendix: List of analysed individuals from Dolní Věstonice-Na Pískách.

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2021

This paper aims to explore gender diversity and sexual division of labour at the beginning of far... more This paper aims to explore gender diversity and sexual division of labour at the beginning of farming through the study of one of the earliest Linearbandkeramik cemeteries in Central Europe: Nitra (Slovakia). This topic is addressed by bringing out the nuance of the buried individuals' lifeways and taskways. Use-wear studies have been undertaken on both ground and flaked stone instruments deposited as grave goods, thus generating new data about the activities performed using these tools. The relationships between the artefact function and the buried individuals' sex, age, and health condition have been addressed together with the isotopic and physical activity information related to the inhumated diet and mobility. Our results suggest a schema in which biological sex played a key role in task, lifeways, and grave goods differentiation. These differences, however, presented significant overlaps, suggesting that biological sex was not all encompassing and that internal variations within sexes were indeed present, reflecting a complex tapestry of gender, and, possibly, status relationships.

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Pravěk Supplementum 36, 2021

OBSAH-CONTENT objekt_c artefakt surovina Rozměry inv_c 5517 2 drobné úštěpy d. 27, 17 3376/11 551... more OBSAH-CONTENT objekt_c artefakt surovina Rozměry inv_c 5517 2 drobné úštěpy d. 27, 17 3376/11 5517 úštěp, přepálený d. 27 3376/19 5710 2 čepele, 1 úštěp KL II 3x d. 44, 26, 20 4170/8 6609 úštěp čh radiolarit r. 27 x 29 4373/12 6609 zlomek čepele přepálený d. 27 4373/11 6609 hrot nalezený u skeletu KL II d. 23 3857/1 6645 zlomek čepele d. 31 4410/39 6645 čepel, úštěp d. 35, 20 4410/51, 52 7723 čepel s příčnou retuší KL I d. 34