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Papers by Kalina Petkova

ИЗВЕСТИЯ НА ИСТОРИЧЕСКИ МУЗЕЙ – КЮСТЕНДИЛ, (PROCEEDING OF THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY KYUSTENDIL), 2023

The site at the locality of Izvor (the Old Canton) is situated on the land of the village of Aldo... more The site at the locality of Izvor (the Old Canton) is situated on the land of the village of Aldomirovtsi, the municipality of Slivnitsa. It is located 5 km north of the village, near a spring with a large flow that gives rise to a small nameless river, a left tributary of the Slatina River (Map 1). During rescue archeological excavations on the Site No 10 (along the route of the railway line Sofia-Dragoman) undertaken in 2022 was found a lead seal with the image of Herakles’ head (Fig. 1-4).
The lead seal from Aldomirovtsi probably belongs to the group of monuments presenting cities’ lead seals, on which divinities that can be related to a particular municipality, to provincial and administrative bodies, are presented. The image bears the typical stylistic characteristics for the 2nd century end – the 3rd century beginning. Besides its iconography and style this object is also interesting with its finding location. In the locality of Izvor, at the foot of Tri Ushi Hill at the village of Aldomirovtsi is located mansio Meldia.
The seal that is a matter of study and originates from provinces in Asia Minor is another proof that Serdika was a destination known in the Eastern Roman provinces in the 2nd – 3rd centuries. It is difficult to speak of purposeful trade contacts for the beginning of this period, while, at the end of the period, it is an indisputable fact based on material evidences.

Internet Archaeology 62, 2023

WHAT’S DOWN THE HOLE? Archaeobotanical Evidence on Plant Subsistence and Vegetation during the Hellenistic Period at the Archaeological Site Near Voditsa Village, Northeastern Bulgaria

The archaeological site № 5012-West in the territory of the village of Voditza, Targovishte Regio... more The archaeological site № 5012-West in the territory of the village of Voditza, Targovishte Region, Northeastern Bulgaria, is interesting with its features and wide chronological range. On an area of 7000 m2, a total of 116 structures from various chronological periods have been excavated. However, pits from the Hellenistic Period (late 3rd – early 1st c. BC) are most numerous and provide invaluable archaeobotanical evidence on plant subsistence and local vegetation. The archaeobotanical remains have been recovered from flotation samples, collected from the pits` fills. The archaeobotanical assemblage is comprised of carbonized remains from several annual cereal crops – hulled and free-threshing wheats, naked barley (Hordeum vulgare var. nudum L.), millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.) and chaff. The weedy flora is represented by annual ruderal and synantrophic species such as goosefoot (Chenopodium album L.), bedstraw (Galium aparine L.), knotgrass (Polygonum aviculare L.), and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.). On the basis of the discovered plant remains we can only propose a partial reconstruction of the agricultural practices and local vegetation cover. However, the collection of samples from specific contexts – storage facilities and pits, provided an opportunity to observe the “secondary environment” of the utilized plant resources and to identify possible depositional and post-depositional processes. Thus, taphonomic and contextual analyses gave us important insights into the behavioural factors that affected the composition of the archaeobotanical assemblage.

Archaeological Discoveries and Excavations in 2020, 2021

Site 5012-West is located on the western slope of a hill in Popastnik locality near the village o... more Site 5012-West is located on the western slope of a hill in Popastnik locality near the village of Voditsa, Targovishte district. In an area of 5800 m2, 116 structures from various chronological periods were excavated. The transitional period between the Final Copper Age and the beginning of the Bronze Age is presented by three
pits and two dwellings. The pottery and finds date them to the beginning of the first quarter of the 4th mill. BC.
Three of the investigated structures belong to the transition period between the Late Bronze and the Early Iron Ages. The pits from the Hellenistic period (3rd – 1st c. BC) are the most numerous. In addition to the pits, two dwellings excavated in the northern periphery of the site date from the Hellenistic period. In the eastern part of the site, structure 48 from the Roman period was also discovered. The ceramic material
of the structure (cups and bowls) is dated to the 2nd c. AD.

Проблеми и изследвания на тракийската култура, 2020

The main aim of this paper is to analyze three terracotta figurines that belong to the Tanagra st... more The main aim of this paper is to analyze three terracotta figurines that
belong to the Tanagra style of the Hellenistic period. The statuettes were discovered at various places in Seuthopolis (streets between houses nos. 5 and 9) and its necropolis (Tumulus No. 1 near the village of Koprinka). The first two figurines (Figs. 1 and 2) could be attributed to the iconographic type of “Little Herculaneum” women, but the third one is of uncertain type (“Sophoclean” or “Large Herculaneum” woman). All three were made by artisans who worked in Attic or Boeotian workshops in the period from the third quarter of the 4th to the second quarter of the 3rd century BC.

During the archaeological excavations carried out in 2017 on the site “The sanctuary of the nymph... more During the archaeological excavations carried out in 2017 on the site “The sanctuary of the nymphs and Aphrodite” near the village of Kasnakovo, a marble head of satire was discovered. It is part of the marble artifacts found in a pit that is dug into a layer of destruction from the ancient building under study and filled with black soil and a great amount of organic remains. According to the discovered coins, the pit can be dated in the second half of the IV century. There are no indications that the head of the satire has been deliberately placed on the structure, nor is there any evidence of seeking any symbolism in its redeployment. The head has a height of 24 cm and belongs to a figure of natural human height or herma (about 1.60 – 1.70 m). Based on its parallels, as well as the iconographic and stylistic analysis, it can be assumed that the head of a satire from the village of Kasnakovo follows in part the Hellenistic scheme, popular in the II-I BC in Asia Minor, but with the characteristic features of the Roman era and with added new iconographic features both in the hair and in the treatment of the face. Thus, on the basis of the main chronological references - hair and eyes, as well as the use of a drill in depicting the details, it can be assumed that the head of a satire falls into the chronological period between the middle and the third quarter of the second century, which coincides with the first and earliest period of existence of the studied ancient building at “The sanctuary of the nymphs and Aphrodite” in the village of Kasnakovo, Dimitrovgrad.

In order to interpret a terracotta figurine, its findspot – whether it was discovered among gifts... more In order to interpret a terracotta figurine, its findspot – whether it was discovered among gifts at a sanctuary or a burial, or in everyday conditions, such as decoration in the home – is the deciding factor. The present paper examines finds from the northwest Black Sea coast (Varna) and from inner Thrace (Vratsa, Kazanluk, Plovdiv, and Yambol). Terracotta objects, although not frequently found, are known to have been used by the population of ancient Thrace. As for this use, no great differences have been noted between those discovered
in this area and those found in similar contexts in Greece, Magna Graecia, and Asia Minor, although this might have been expected, given their distribution across such a wide area.

The site is located 1.7 km to the southeast of Sozopol, on a hill slightly sloping to the south. ... more The site is located 1.7 km to the southeast of Sozopol, on a hill slightly sloping to the south. The excavations
covered an area of 400 m2 where 29 graves, nine periboloi and eight ritual fireplaces were found. The inhumations were
carried out in simple pits, cists and tiled graves. One of the burials was placed in a large pithos. So far, six graves with
cremated remains placed in pottery vessels used as urns have been discovered. The walls were built from limestone
ashlars (Nos 1-4 and 7) and crushed stone. The inventories of the graves are typical of the period from the first quarter
of the 4th c. to the first half of the 2nd c. BC.

Сред многообразието от паметници на коропластиката, открити на територията на древна Тракия, ярко... more Сред многообразието от паметници на коропластиката, открити на територията на древна Тракия, ярко изпъква малка група фигурки от глина, представящи един от спътниците на Дионис -Силен -в твърде характерна поза. Липсата на специално внимание от страна на изследователите в България и чужбина (екземплярите са публикувани или само каталожно, или в цялостния контекст на проучванията на съответния обект), както и рядката възможност да разполагаме с достатъчно ясни данни за средата, в която са намерени, са сред обстоятелствата, които ме накараха да им посветя следващите страници 1 .

В: Попов, Хр., Тенчова, А. (ред.) Сборник в памет на професор Велизар Велков, 2009

Various by Kalina Petkova