Naoufel Mzoughi | National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA) (original) (raw)
Papers by Naoufel Mzoughi
Industrial and organizational psychology, May 23, 2024
Incentives have been extensively studied in the management and policy literature, with most atten... more Incentives have been extensively studied in the management and policy literature, with most attention focusing on their type, magnitude, alignment, and effects. More recently, scholars paid attention to discounting issues and how these issues impact the effectiveness of incentives. Building on the nascent literature related to incentive timing, we argue that timing can offer an additional dimension to better characterize incentives and leverage their power by exploiting windows of opportunity. Using conceptual reasoning, we identify several mechanisms by which the timing of incentives can be used to increase their behavioral power. Specifically, well-timed (green) incentives can harness temporal landmarks, intermittence, immediacy and surprise effects, and intrinsic motivation reinforcement to reach environmental goals without significantly increasing the overall costs. We also indicate new avenues for further research such as designing a timing menu or considering time itself as an incentive.
Hospitality & society, May 31, 2023
While conventional analyses of farm-based hospitality upsides and downsides exist, the emotional ... more While conventional analyses of farm-based hospitality upsides and downsides exist, the emotional labour requirements of such service-intensive activity are frequently overlooked. Ignoring this emotional component and its consequences (e.g., identity loss vs. reinforcement, emotional harmony) can explain project fates. By applying emotional labour to farm-based hospitality, we draw new insights. Farmers can benefit from guests' emotional support and become 'makers' rather than 'takers' of emotional rules. From a policy perspective, increasing the farmers' emotional literacy can facilitate a better match between their characteristics and agritourism projects.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
International audienceThis paper critiques the multifarious ways whereby academic qualifications ... more International audienceThis paper critiques the multifarious ways whereby academic qualifications may be falsified in the international marketplace. The objectives are fourfold : (1) defining the main terms used such as fake degrees and diploma mills ; (2) providing a brief history of fake degrees and identifying the factors that explain their recent development ; (3) developing a theoretical framework to analyze fake degrees ; and (4) exploring the costs and benefits of this activity and its net impact on a given society. Degrees serve instrumental and ceremonial purposes. It is argued that degree holders may be considered as members of a club. They confer to their holders excludable but non-rival property rights such as abilities, signaling and status. The paper contends that holders of fake degrees can be considered as “free riders” on these property rights, especially the status tied to legitimate degrees
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Social Science Research Network, 2006
Producers market products for which a part of the proceeds go to a charitable cause. Donations to... more Producers market products for which a part of the proceeds go to a charitable cause. Donations to such charitable causes may increase the moral intensity of piracy and consequently reduce the pirates' willingness to pirate. This rationale is empirically tested through a dual empirical strategy, that is, a market survey and a laboratory experiment. We show that piracy decreases when a donation mechanism is implemented. Nevertheless, for intermediate levels of transfer, piracy increases again. Results are interpreted and managerial implications stressed.
Social Science Research Network, Sep 25, 2004
La première génération de l'activisme éthique a conduit les décideurs politiques des pay... more La première génération de l'activisme éthique a conduit les décideurs politiques des pays développés à imposer des normes éthiques contraignantes sur les industries domestiques. A cause des coûts générés par ces pressions éthiques, certaines firmes ont délocalisé leurs activités de production vers des pays plus laxistes. La seconde génération d'activisme éthique a directement visé les firmes en menaçant leur profit sur les marchés de consommation, indépendamment de leur localisation. Nous montrons que, dans certaines circonstances, cette deuxième génération peut conduire les firmes à reconsidérer la localisation de leur production. Nous en déduisons que l'activisme éthique peut constituer un levier d'action pour les pouvoirs publics des pays développés, permettant de diminuer l'attrait de la délocalisation, voire dans certains cas, d'encourager la relocalisation. La troisième génération d'activisme éthique se fonde sur des relations plus constructives entre activistes et firmes et inclue différentes formes de coopération. Ces partenariats sont susceptibles de renforcer la localisation des firmes grâce à des processus de décision plus consensuels. Plusieurs implications en terme de politique économique sont mises en évidence, ainsi que le besoin de recherches théoriques et empiriques plus approfondies. Copyright WWZ and Helbing & Lichtenhahn Verlag AG 2004.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2003
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 18, 2010
The quantity of sewage sludge requiring disposal has been for several years increasing greatly in... more The quantity of sewage sludge requiring disposal has been for several years increasing greatly in Europe because of the progressive implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC. Land application and incineration are the two most widely used options for sewage sludge disposal. The benefits and costs of each option raised-and continues to raise-much debate. Besides, the spreading of sludge on agricultural soils is not recent. And yet, there is little econometric analysis of the determinants of industrial and urban sludge spreading. The aim of the paper is to provide policy makers with an overview of the determinants of sewage sludge spreading by farmers. We investigate variables pertaining to the farmer, to the farm (economic size and location) and also to the market for farm outputs. We use an exhaustive data base, the agricultural census in France coupled with location data such as distance to the nearest sewage sludge treatment facility, population density around the farm and environmental zoning.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
Journal of Innovation Economics, Dec 31, 2023
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2004
Social Science Research Network, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 27, 2021
Revue économique, 2008
Based on Solnick and Hemenway [1998], we empirically investigate the inter-dependence of utility ... more Based on Solnick and Hemenway [1998], we empirically investigate the inter-dependence of utility functions using French data. Our estimations partially confirm the results of Solnick and Hemenway. We show that (1) relative position matters, (2) positional concerns differ among domains, (3) goods are more positional than bads, and (4) position matters more when choosing for one
Business Strategy and The Environment, Jul 4, 2022
Hospitality & society, Feb 15, 2023
Scandals are frequently considered as detrimental for involved businesses. When hotels serve as a... more Scandals are frequently considered as detrimental for involved businesses. When hotels serve as a backdrop and are collateral victims of scandals caused by high-profile individuals, we argue that entrepreneurially minded executives can envision scandals as an unexpected opportunity, likely to bring good news to the involved hotels. Tourism businesses offer supportive evidence. In a constructivist perspective, scandals and their consequences do not result from the transgression seriousness, but are socially constructed. Entrepreneurially minded individuals influence this social construction and seek to transform scandals into entrepreneurial opportunities. We analyse whether and how hospitality executives can channel the a priori destructive forces involved in a scandal eruption towards a direction aligned with their own interests. We identify three potential mechanisms by which hospitality executives can make the best of scandals, namely, by increasing exposure and attracting attention at a low cost, offering a basis for differentiation and innovation and generating useful marketing data. We identify some conditions that make this outcome more likely. Rather than just avoiding or containing the scandal consequences, we propose to equip hospitality executives with a scandal management plan that explicitly considers the bright side of scandals.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 12, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 31, 2007
International audienceEn nous inspirant de la méthodologie employée par Solnick et Hemenway [1998... more International audienceEn nous inspirant de la méthodologie employée par Solnick et Hemenway [1998], nous étudions empiriquement l’interdépendance des fonctions d’utilité à partir de données collectées en France. Nos estimations confirment en partie les résultats obtenus par Solnick et Hemenway [1998] et montrent que (1) la position relative est importante dans le choix des individus, (2) les effets positionnels diffèrent selon les domaines, (3) les individus sont plus positionnels sur les biens que sur les maux et (4) les individus sont plus positionnels quand il s’agit de certains choix relatifs à leurs enfants. En outre, la société d’origine est également susceptible d’influer sur l’importance des effets positionnels et sur la hiérarchisation des différents domaines
Industrial and organizational psychology, May 23, 2024
Incentives have been extensively studied in the management and policy literature, with most atten... more Incentives have been extensively studied in the management and policy literature, with most attention focusing on their type, magnitude, alignment, and effects. More recently, scholars paid attention to discounting issues and how these issues impact the effectiveness of incentives. Building on the nascent literature related to incentive timing, we argue that timing can offer an additional dimension to better characterize incentives and leverage their power by exploiting windows of opportunity. Using conceptual reasoning, we identify several mechanisms by which the timing of incentives can be used to increase their behavioral power. Specifically, well-timed (green) incentives can harness temporal landmarks, intermittence, immediacy and surprise effects, and intrinsic motivation reinforcement to reach environmental goals without significantly increasing the overall costs. We also indicate new avenues for further research such as designing a timing menu or considering time itself as an incentive.
Hospitality & society, May 31, 2023
While conventional analyses of farm-based hospitality upsides and downsides exist, the emotional ... more While conventional analyses of farm-based hospitality upsides and downsides exist, the emotional labour requirements of such service-intensive activity are frequently overlooked. Ignoring this emotional component and its consequences (e.g., identity loss vs. reinforcement, emotional harmony) can explain project fates. By applying emotional labour to farm-based hospitality, we draw new insights. Farmers can benefit from guests' emotional support and become 'makers' rather than 'takers' of emotional rules. From a policy perspective, increasing the farmers' emotional literacy can facilitate a better match between their characteristics and agritourism projects.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
International audienceThis paper critiques the multifarious ways whereby academic qualifications ... more International audienceThis paper critiques the multifarious ways whereby academic qualifications may be falsified in the international marketplace. The objectives are fourfold : (1) defining the main terms used such as fake degrees and diploma mills ; (2) providing a brief history of fake degrees and identifying the factors that explain their recent development ; (3) developing a theoretical framework to analyze fake degrees ; and (4) exploring the costs and benefits of this activity and its net impact on a given society. Degrees serve instrumental and ceremonial purposes. It is argued that degree holders may be considered as members of a club. They confer to their holders excludable but non-rival property rights such as abilities, signaling and status. The paper contends that holders of fake degrees can be considered as “free riders” on these property rights, especially the status tied to legitimate degrees
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Social Science Research Network, 2006
Producers market products for which a part of the proceeds go to a charitable cause. Donations to... more Producers market products for which a part of the proceeds go to a charitable cause. Donations to such charitable causes may increase the moral intensity of piracy and consequently reduce the pirates' willingness to pirate. This rationale is empirically tested through a dual empirical strategy, that is, a market survey and a laboratory experiment. We show that piracy decreases when a donation mechanism is implemented. Nevertheless, for intermediate levels of transfer, piracy increases again. Results are interpreted and managerial implications stressed.
Social Science Research Network, Sep 25, 2004
La première génération de l'activisme éthique a conduit les décideurs politiques des pay... more La première génération de l'activisme éthique a conduit les décideurs politiques des pays développés à imposer des normes éthiques contraignantes sur les industries domestiques. A cause des coûts générés par ces pressions éthiques, certaines firmes ont délocalisé leurs activités de production vers des pays plus laxistes. La seconde génération d'activisme éthique a directement visé les firmes en menaçant leur profit sur les marchés de consommation, indépendamment de leur localisation. Nous montrons que, dans certaines circonstances, cette deuxième génération peut conduire les firmes à reconsidérer la localisation de leur production. Nous en déduisons que l'activisme éthique peut constituer un levier d'action pour les pouvoirs publics des pays développés, permettant de diminuer l'attrait de la délocalisation, voire dans certains cas, d'encourager la relocalisation. La troisième génération d'activisme éthique se fonde sur des relations plus constructives entre activistes et firmes et inclue différentes formes de coopération. Ces partenariats sont susceptibles de renforcer la localisation des firmes grâce à des processus de décision plus consensuels. Plusieurs implications en terme de politique économique sont mises en évidence, ainsi que le besoin de recherches théoriques et empiriques plus approfondies. Copyright WWZ and Helbing & Lichtenhahn Verlag AG 2004.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2003
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 18, 2010
The quantity of sewage sludge requiring disposal has been for several years increasing greatly in... more The quantity of sewage sludge requiring disposal has been for several years increasing greatly in Europe because of the progressive implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC. Land application and incineration are the two most widely used options for sewage sludge disposal. The benefits and costs of each option raised-and continues to raise-much debate. Besides, the spreading of sludge on agricultural soils is not recent. And yet, there is little econometric analysis of the determinants of industrial and urban sludge spreading. The aim of the paper is to provide policy makers with an overview of the determinants of sewage sludge spreading by farmers. We investigate variables pertaining to the farmer, to the farm (economic size and location) and also to the market for farm outputs. We use an exhaustive data base, the agricultural census in France coupled with location data such as distance to the nearest sewage sludge treatment facility, population density around the farm and environmental zoning.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008
Journal of Innovation Economics, Dec 31, 2023
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2004
Social Science Research Network, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 27, 2021
Revue économique, 2008
Based on Solnick and Hemenway [1998], we empirically investigate the inter-dependence of utility ... more Based on Solnick and Hemenway [1998], we empirically investigate the inter-dependence of utility functions using French data. Our estimations partially confirm the results of Solnick and Hemenway. We show that (1) relative position matters, (2) positional concerns differ among domains, (3) goods are more positional than bads, and (4) position matters more when choosing for one
Business Strategy and The Environment, Jul 4, 2022
Hospitality & society, Feb 15, 2023
Scandals are frequently considered as detrimental for involved businesses. When hotels serve as a... more Scandals are frequently considered as detrimental for involved businesses. When hotels serve as a backdrop and are collateral victims of scandals caused by high-profile individuals, we argue that entrepreneurially minded executives can envision scandals as an unexpected opportunity, likely to bring good news to the involved hotels. Tourism businesses offer supportive evidence. In a constructivist perspective, scandals and their consequences do not result from the transgression seriousness, but are socially constructed. Entrepreneurially minded individuals influence this social construction and seek to transform scandals into entrepreneurial opportunities. We analyse whether and how hospitality executives can channel the a priori destructive forces involved in a scandal eruption towards a direction aligned with their own interests. We identify three potential mechanisms by which hospitality executives can make the best of scandals, namely, by increasing exposure and attracting attention at a low cost, offering a basis for differentiation and innovation and generating useful marketing data. We identify some conditions that make this outcome more likely. Rather than just avoiding or containing the scandal consequences, we propose to equip hospitality executives with a scandal management plan that explicitly considers the bright side of scandals.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Oct 12, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 31, 2007
International audienceEn nous inspirant de la méthodologie employée par Solnick et Hemenway [1998... more International audienceEn nous inspirant de la méthodologie employée par Solnick et Hemenway [1998], nous étudions empiriquement l’interdépendance des fonctions d’utilité à partir de données collectées en France. Nos estimations confirment en partie les résultats obtenus par Solnick et Hemenway [1998] et montrent que (1) la position relative est importante dans le choix des individus, (2) les effets positionnels diffèrent selon les domaines, (3) les individus sont plus positionnels sur les biens que sur les maux et (4) les individus sont plus positionnels quand il s’agit de certains choix relatifs à leurs enfants. En outre, la société d’origine est également susceptible d’influer sur l’importance des effets positionnels et sur la hiérarchisation des différents domaines