Hafeezullah Wazir Ali | Northern Border University (original) (raw)

Papers by Hafeezullah Wazir Ali

Pak J Physiol, 2005

Background: Many reports have appeared in recent years showing an association between blood group... more Background: Many reports have appeared in recent years showing an association between blood groups and cardiovascular diseases. Clinical studies in developed countries have shown that individuals of the A blood group phenotype are more susceptible to Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Methods: The present study was designed to investigate the correlation of ABO blood groups and CHD in the South Asian population. 252 CHD patients and 75 healthy controls were recruited from Karachi and Nawabshah, Pakistan. Results: The results obtained in this study show that the prevalence of CHD in blood group A is invariably higher than in all other ABO blood groups. It is striking that despite the fact that the most prevalent blood group among Pakistanis is phenotype B, the incidence of CHD is highest in individuals with blood group phenotype A. Conclusion: This suggests that a certain CHD risk is associated with phenotype A. Thus, we conclude that, in the Pakistani cohort investigated in the present study, blood group phenotype A is associated with a substantially increased risk for CHD, which seems independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS), 2014

Objective: To ascertain association of raised BMI with Follicular Stimulating Hormone levels and ... more Objective: To ascertain association of raised BMI with Follicular Stimulating Hormone levels and with sperm parameters among infertile males.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from june 2010 to May 2011. Sample size was 300 males (147 infertile and 153 healthy fertile control subjects) aged 30 and 60 years, selected from the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Aziz Medical Center and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. All the subjects were grouped to BMI criteria (Ascian pacific region for WHO). They were selected by purposive sampling after a detailed medical history and physical examination. Semen analysis was done and blood samples were collected for serum FSH levels. Data was analyzed via SPSS 17.0 by using Analysis of Variances (ANOVA) and independent t test to compare the means and to evaluate the significant association with in the group.
Results: Strong positive correlation between FSH and BMI (r = 0.596, p<0.05) .Raised BMI appear to have an association with male infertility due to reduction in sperm count in males.
Conclusion: Adiposity is confirmed as risk factor for male infertility in local population.
Key words: BMI, Male Infertility, FSH, Azoospermia, Oligospermia

Khyber Medical University Journal , 2014

OBJECTIVE: to determine the effect of regular homemade breakfast on body mass index (BMI) of scho... more OBJECTIVE: to determine the effect of regular homemade breakfast on body mass index (BMI) of school going male children in Northern region of Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted during September and November 2013, in primary schools of Arar city of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All classes from the first to the third grade, 359 students of age group 5-9 years in each selected school were included in the study. Of the total 558 questionnaires distributed, asking them whether taking breakfast or not, we measured height in meters weight in kg, and calculated BMI by the formula BMI= weight in Kg/ height in (meters) 2. RESULTS: The mean age of the primary school-going male children in grade 2-5, was 7.09±0.89 years. Mean height of the children was 1.18±0.077 meters and mean weight was 25.03±6.74Kg, while mean BMI was 17.97±3.59. Mean BMI was 18.78±2.34 in students who were taking breakfast (n 372) and 15.10±2.66 in students who were not taking any breakfast (p<0.001). The odds ratio of the children who were "taking" regular breakfast and who were "not taking" regular breakfast for having abnormal BMI (overweight/underweight) or normal BMI was 0.02 (p = < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The result shows that the regular consumption of breakfast in home results in a normal BMI and a reduced likelihood of being underweight in school going male children. There is a positive effect of having regular breakfast on school going male children.

Kashmir Journal of Medical Sciences, 2015

Background: Inherited haemoglobin disorders (haemoglobinopathies) are predominantly single-gene a... more Background: Inherited haemoglobin disorders (haemoglobinopathies) are predominantly single-gene autosomal recessive disorders that result in production of structurally abnormal haemoglobin variants (sickle-cell disease) or a reduction in the synthesis of structurally normal globin (β-thalassemia). The objective of this study was to see the prevalence of thalassemia and sickle cell disease in Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia and to counsel the couples for pre-marital screening of blood to avoid the disease. Methods: This was retrospective study carried out in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Northern Border University with Collaboration of Central Hospital Arar, during Muharram to Zulaghaeda 1434 H. We collected data of 23,522 male and female patients who visited the Central Hospital Arar, Marriage Center of Northern Border Region in Arar during 1425 H to 1431 H; where the couples were counselled for pre-marital screening of blood to avoid the disease. Results...

Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maximal exercise on the level of cardiac remo... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maximal exercise on the level of cardiac remolding and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) in elite athletes as compared to sedentary healthy subjects and correlation of ANP with the adaptation of athlete's heart and cardiac remodeling (if any) Place and Duration of Study: The present study was carried out at the Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, with collaboration of Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC) Rawalpindi from June 2003 to May 2004. Methodology: A total number of 44 subjects were included in this study. These comprised of 22 elite endurance athletes and 22 healthy sedentary volunteers as controls. All subjects were examined clinically to rule out the cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases on the basis of medical history, physical examination, and echocardiography. All the selected subjects were examined on a Toshiba Power Vision 6000 echocardiograph for assessing and measuring their LV end-diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd), Diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd), diastolic posterior wall thickness (PWTd). The left ventricular mass was (LVM) was calculated by using the Devereux formula. They were subject to go for ergometer cycle exercise before breakfast. The Blood samples were drawn before and after exercise to assess the level of ANP in their samples. Results: It was found that LVIDd, IVSTd, PWTd, LVM were higher in athletes as compared to their age, sex and BMI matched controls. The ANP levels in athlete's plasma were also high in post and pre exercise sample as compared to controls. Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure and heart rate are lower in endurance elite athletes than matched sedentary controls. The maximal Exercise increases the level of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) in elite athletes significantly as compared to sedentary healthy controls. There was a Positive correlations between ANP and LVIDd, IVSTd, PWTd, and LVM while there was negative correlation between ANP and heart rate, ANP and Blood pressure. However, none of correlation was found to be statistically significant.

Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences , 2014

Background: Top-level physical training is often associated with morphological changes in heart i... more Background: Top-level physical training is often associated with morphological changes in heart including increased left ventricular cavity dimension, wall thickness and mass. The objective of this study was to find out the differences in ventricular chamber size and wall thickness in Pakistani elite endurance athletes as compared to age and Body Mass Index matched controls. Material & Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Physiology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi from May 2003 to November 2004. A sample of 44 male subjects was selected, comprised of 22 elite endurance athletes (group 1) and 22 age and BMI matched healthy sedentary volunteers as controls (group 2). All those with cardiopulmonary diseases or having family history of these diseases were excluded. M-mode echocardiography was carried out by Toshiba Power Vision 6000 Echocardiograph. Age, weight, height and Body Mass Index were demographic variables while left ventricular end-d...

Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 2021

Background: Assessment of an individual about themselves is quite important because it effects in... more Background: Assessment of an individual about themselves is quite important because it effects in several ways in entire life including student life. Aim: To assess the how the learning styles effects on self-esteem and stress levels of students. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among second year, third year, fourth year and fifth year students of Psychology department of University of Karachi. All data were collected by means of interview. To determine self-esteem, Rosenberg's self-esteem scale was utilized, which is regarded as a highly reliable and valid tool for the quantitative assessment of self-esteem. The Stress Scale was used to measure the levels of perceived stress (feelings and thoughts) experienced by the participants during the past month. To examine the effect of awareness of learning styles (LS) among the students varied methods was used of learning. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis keeping a p-value of <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: There were a total of 240 students, 87 male and 153 were females. The students belong to middle and higher standards of living status. Results indicated that majority of students have normal self-esteem with high stress levels, which indicated that self-esteem may not always affecting level of stress, but it is the situation which might be affecting the self-esteem and stress. Furthermore, we observed that learning style greatly affects the level of self-esteem as well as stress. Visual and solitary learning style is most common among students in different educational year, while majority of students prefer visual style of learning. Conclusion: Effect of learning styles on self-esteem and stress levels of students with educational year of the students was found to be significant.

Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 2021

Abstract Objectives:Self-esteem, evaluation of an individual about themselves, is substantially o... more Abstract
Objectives:Self-esteem, evaluation of an individual about themselves, is substantially owed to the fact that how one is perceived by other individuals, makes up a perception regarding them. Objective of this study was to determine the association of self-esteem with regards to gender and medical year of students.
Methodology:A cross sectional observational study was carried on medical students of Liaquat Medical Hospital Jamshoro which included students from second to fifth year. To determine self-esteem, Rosenberg self-esteem scales (RSES) was utilized which is regarded highly reliable and valid tool for quantitative assessment of self-esteem. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Demographics included age, gender, educational year, family system. For qualitative variables, frequency and percentages were reported. Multivariate analysis of associations’ in-between students’ characteristics and self-esteem were recorded keeping p-value of <0.05 as statistically significant.
Results: From total 240 medical students, 63.7 % were females and 36.3% males. Majority, 52.5 % of students were 22 years or above. 41.3 % of students were from fourth year and 28.3 % from third year. 63.9 % students lived in joint families. A significant association of self-esteem was reported in 4th versus 2nd year medical students (p-0.023). All other year students were observed to have insignificant association with self-esteem as well as in terms of age, gender and family system.
Conclusion:Association of self-esteem only in-between fourth year and second year medical students was found to be significant, while in other years as well as with gender, the association of self-esteem was reported to be insignificant.
Keywords: Self-esteem, Stress, Depression, Medical students

Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, there ... more Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, there has been an increasing interest in effects of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg) on blood pressure. Magnesium has numerous physiological roles, most importantly in regulation of vasomotor tone, blood pressure and peripheral blood flow. A decrease in serum Mg levels leads to increased cellular Ca++ concentration and vasoconstriction. Mg may also have a direct effect on vascular smooth muscle. An inverse correlation between serum Mg concentration and blood pressure has been found. We carried out a study to investigate serum Mg concentrations in hypertensive patients and normotensive healthy controls in the local population of Sindh (Karachi and Nawabshah). The study was planned at the Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi. For this study, 200 known cases of hypertension were selected from the Out Patient Department and Emergency Wards of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, and Peoples Medical College & Hospital, Nawabshah. Besides this, 100 healthy volunteers of the same age group as that of the patients were selected from the localities of both hospitals as controls. Blood pressure was measured by a sphygmomanometer. The serum samples were analyzed for magnesium, triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) by colorimetric methods. The results indicate that serum Mg levels are significantly lower in hypertensive patients as compared to control (P<0.05). The serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, VLDL and LDL-cholesterol were found to be higher in hypomagnesaemic cases while serum HDL was found to be markedly lower. The difference was significant (P < 0.001). It has been suggested that some forms of hypertension could be due to the direct effects of a hypomagnesaemic state on arteriolar and venular tone. Hypomagnesaemia could produce progressive vasoconstriction of arterioles, precapillary sphincters and venules in the microcirculation and this would eventually increase the overall systemic vascular resistance, curtail capillary blood flow, and result in hypertensive disease. Thus it is concluded that the serum Mg level has an inverse correlation with blood pressure and circulating triglycerides and cholesterol.

Pak Armed Forces Med J, 2004

The top-level training is often associated with morphological changes in the heart, including inc... more The top-level training is often associated with morphological changes in the heart, including increased left ventricular (LV) cavity dimension, wall thickness, and mass, frequently known as "athlete`s heart”. In regularly trained healthy subjects, both isotonic and isometric exercises produce Physiological hypertrophy of the heart manifested by modifications in ventricular chambers and enhancement of cardiac performance, to sustain tremendous increase in cardiac output during exercise. It has been documented that dimensional changes affect all cardiac cavities to the same extent and result in a balanced cardiac hypertrophy which is a beneficial adaptation to enable the athlete to perform more work. This is a review article.

The American Journal of Physiology, Dec 1999

Because of the difference in civic facilities in less developed rural towns of Sindh Province of ... more Because of the difference in civic facilities in less developed rural towns of Sindh Province of Pakistan and its cosmopolitan city, Karachi, there is a deficiency of qualified basic scientists in rurally based medical colleges. This study is based on data collected over 10 consecutive years in 3 medical colleges of Sindh Province of Pakistan. College A and college B are located in the rural and less developed areas of the province, whereas college C is located in metropolitan Karachi. In college A, there was not a single basic scientist available to teach physiology and in college B there was only one basic scientist, whereas in college C there were a considerable number of basic scientists actively involved in physiology teaching. College A admits about 350 students per year and college B admits 120 students, whereas college C admits about 425 students per year. The data reflect the pass percentage of the students belonging to each medical college mentioned above. The results were analyzed
first at undergraduate levels, and then the records of postgraduate studies were also looked at. When the results were compared among all three medical colleges, the differences were insignificant (this may be because examination and evaluating systems exist there that involve the local teachers as decisive examiners), but the results at the postgraduate level showed that the success rate of the students belonging to the rurally based medical colleges was much lower than the success rate of the students who belonged to college C. The success rate of this college was far greater than that of colleges A and B. The difference was highly significant (P , 0.001). It is therefore concluded that basic scientists deliver better and more comprehensive understanding in physiology education than the others

Journal of Medical Sciences

IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 2014

Objective: To ascertain association of raised BMI with Follicular Stimulating Hormone levels and ... more Objective: To ascertain association of raised BMI with Follicular Stimulating Hormone levels and with sperm parameters among infertile males.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from june 2010 to May 2011. Sample size was 300 males (147 infertile and 153 healthy fertile control subjects) aged 30 and 60 years, selected from the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Aziz Medical Center and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. All the subjects were
grouped to BMI criteria (Ascian pacific region for WHO). They were selected by purposive sampling after a detailed medical history and physical examination. Semen analysis was done and blood samples were collected for serum FSH levels. Data was analyzed via SPSS 17.0 by using Analysis of Variances (ANOVA) and independent t test to compare the means and to evaluate the significant association with in the group.
Results: Strong positive correlation between FSH and BMI (r = 0.596, p<0.05) .Raised BMI appear to have an association with male infertility due to reduction in sperm count in males.
Conclusion: Adiposity is confirmed as risk factor for male infertility in local population.
Key words: BMI, Male Infertility, FSH, Azoospermia, Oligospermia.

Pak J Physiol, 2007

Background: Dyslipidemia consisting of elevated triglyceride, decreased HDL, and low-density lipo... more Background: Dyslipidemia consisting of elevated triglyceride, decreased HDL, and low-density lipoproteins LDL particles of altered composition is an important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Measure of Non-HDL cholesterol might be a useful marker of this risk. Presuming the value of non-HDL cholesterol we intend to determine whether non-HDL cholesterol, a measure of total cholesterol minus HDL cholesterol is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Study population comprised of 60 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (24 men, 36 women) from diabetic clinic Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi. Each subject was interviewed, examined, and investigated for blood pressure measurements, body mass index, and fasting blood glucose. Blood sample was analyzed to determine serum total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol on auto analyzer after at least a 12-h overnight fast. Results: The level of non-HDL cholesterol was elevated significantly (p<0.01) in hypertensive patients of type 2 diabetes in contrast to normotensive patients of same disease, while HDL cholesterol shows significant decrease (29.46*±6.55) in hypertensive diabetics as compared
to normotensive diabetics (34.43 ±9.44). Conclusion: Non–HDL cholesterol was elevated in type 2 diabetics who suffering from hypertension.
Keywords: Non-HDL cholesterol, Type2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Cardiovascular events are less prevalent in premenopausal women and women receiving o... more Background: Cardiovascular events are less prevalent in premenopausal women and women receiving oestrogen replacement than in postmenopausal women or men. The mechanisms that mediate this apparent benefit are still unclear. Suggested mechanisms include coronary vasodilatation. The vasodilator activity is mainly suggested to be mediated through action on calcium ion channel antagonism and nitric oxide production from the vascular endothelium. This study was aimed to evaluate the extent of role of calcium channel blockade underlying the vasodilator action of the 17-estradiol. Materials and Methods: 32 male albino rats were divided into three groups. In group I, tissue was challenged with serial dilutions of norepinephrine and standard concentration was selected producing approximately 75% of maximum vasoconstriction. In group II, tissue was challenged with verapamil and standard concentration was selected in the presence of norepinephrine mediated vasoconstriction, and in group III, tissue was challenged with serial dilution of 17-estradiol after pretreatment with verapamil the presence of norepinephrine mediated vasoconstriction. Results: Results obtained showed that vasodilator activity of both the drugs was almost similar up to 10 -7 gm/ml concentration. At higher concentrations, 17-estradiol showed greater vasodilator response suggesting the possibility of presence of other mechanisms independent of calcium channel antagonism in addition to calcium channel blockade. Conclusion: Our observations suggest that vasodilator activity of 17--estradiol is not mediated through calcium channel antagonism only. It suggests the possibility of other mechanism(s) also, underlying these cardioprotective effects in post menopausal women.

Pak J Physiol 2007; 3 (2) , 2007

Background: This study was carried out to study the incidence of stroke in the people who have hi... more Background: This study was carried out to study the incidence of stroke in the people who have high blood pressure. Methods: This study was conducted on patients of stroke during 2004 at department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health sciences (LUHMS) Jamshoro, Pakistan. Study population comprised of 100 hypertensive patients of stroke (64 men, 36 women) from different wards of LUMHS Jamshoro. Each patient was examined in detail, and investigated for blood pressure measurements, blood glucose, blood urea, serum creatinine, electrocardiogram
and, CT scan of brain. A hypo dense and hyper dense area on CT scan of brain was labeled as infarction and hemorrhage respectively. The stroke patients due to other risk factors or not confirmed by CT scan were excluded from study. Results: Nearly three quarters of patients (74) who exhibits stroke were suffered from raised blood pressure. Out in two type’s i.e. hemorrhagic and infarctive stroke, the maximum number (36) of patients belongs to severe hypertension (p<0.05). Site wise putamen and hypothalamus were the chief anatomical sites suffered in hemorrhagic stroke (p<0.8), while almost all (46) patients showed infarction at corona radiata and
internal capsule. Virtually every one was (88) displayed complete stroke. Conclusion: Cerebral hemorrhage is more common in hypertensive stroke patients as compared to cerebral infarction and hypertension is most common modifiable risk factor for stroke.
Key words: Hypertension, Stroke.

Smoking is related to premature development of multiple complications of diabetes mellitus and it... more Smoking is related to premature development of multiple complications of diabetes mellitus and it also increases the risk for albuminuria type 2 diabetes mellitus. So, present study was carried out to determine the association between smoking and albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross sectional analytical study conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during 2004 at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi. Study population included 75 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (50 men, 25 women) from diabetic clinic Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi 25 non diabetics (15 men, 10 women) from general population as control. Each subject was interviewed, examined, and investigated for blood pressure measurements, body mass index, fasting serum glucose, urinary volume, urinary albumin, urinary albumin excretion rate, and smoking years. Patients having clinical albuminuria and with other causes of proteinuria were excluded. Results: Albumin excretion was highly significant (p< 0.001) in smoker type 2 diabetics as compared to smoker non diabetics. Similarly, albuminuria was increased (p<0.001) in smoker type 2 diabetics in comparison with non smoker type 2 diabetics. A significant correlation was found between years of smoking and albuminuria (r= 0.448, p<0.05) in smoker type 2 diabetics. Conclusion: Albumin excretion correlates with smoking in type 2 diabetics.

Pak J Physiol, 2005

IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS), 2014

Khyber Medical University Journal , 2014

Kashmir Journal of Medical Sciences, 2015

Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 2021

Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences , 2014

Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 2021

Pak Armed Forces Med J, 2004

The American Journal of Physiology, Dec 1999

Journal of Medical Sciences

IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 2014

Objective: To ascertain association of raised BMI with Follicular Stimulating Hormone levels and ... more Objective: To ascertain association of raised BMI with Follicular Stimulating Hormone levels and with sperm parameters among infertile males.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from june 2010 to May 2011. Sample size was 300 males (147 infertile and 153 healthy fertile control subjects) aged 30 and 60 years, selected from the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Aziz Medical Center and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi. All the subjects were
grouped to BMI criteria (Ascian pacific region for WHO). They were selected by purposive sampling after a detailed medical history and physical examination. Semen analysis was done and blood samples were collected for serum FSH levels. Data was analyzed via SPSS 17.0 by using Analysis of Variances (ANOVA) and independent t test to compare the means and to evaluate the significant association with in the group.
Results: Strong positive correlation between FSH and BMI (r = 0.596, p<0.05) .Raised BMI appear to have an association with male infertility due to reduction in sperm count in males.
Conclusion: Adiposity is confirmed as risk factor for male infertility in local population.
Key words: BMI, Male Infertility, FSH, Azoospermia, Oligospermia.

Pak J Physiol, 2007

Pak J Physiol 2007; 3 (2) , 2007