Geetika Jaiswal | North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Geetika Jaiswal
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Nov 2, 2023
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Nov 2, 2023
Journal of Global Fashion Marketing
Innovate to Elevate, Dec 31, 2022
Several approaches such as top-down, bottom-up approach were used by MNEs to regulate labor pract... more Several approaches such as top-down, bottom-up approach were used by MNEs to regulate labor practices, however little is known about the approaches taken by the actual implementers who execute these policies. This research was designed to explore policy implementers\u27/managers\u27 approaches on CoC implementation within the context of Indian apparel export houses. A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews was conducted. Eight participants from North India were interviewed. Data was transcribed and analyzed. Overall, six themes surfaced surrounding the (a) meaning, (b) formulation, and (c) implementation of CoCs. These approaches were then interpreted from the lenses of the managers/owners\u27 psychological orientation: convergent or divergent thinking. The convergent thinkers perceived CoC as a rulebook set by the company executives and government where policies were implemented as set procedure. In contrast, divergent thinkers viewed CoC as a growth plan emphasizin...
Apparel industry in the developing world is experiencing a boom in apparel export since the quota... more Apparel industry in the developing world is experiencing a boom in apparel export since the quota free trade. However, incidences of poor working conditions and labor standard violations are commonly reported. Therefore, it is important to investigate factors and mechanisms affecting apparel suppliers' compliance, particularly with the code of conduct policies that were adopted by international buyers to regulate social compliance issues in the global apparel industry. This research investigated the influence of buyers' (apparel importers from developed countries) power strategies on suppliers' (apparel manufacturers from developing countries) motivations, and its overall effect on the suppliers' compliance mechanisms in the Indian apparel industry context, which is a force to reckon with in this industry. Face-to-face interviews of 210 managers from Indian apparel export firms were conducted. Data was analyzed using a statistical procedure of structure equation mode...
Pivoting for the Pandemic, 2020
In the past three decades global sourcing of textiles and apparels (T&A) from developing countrie... more In the past three decades global sourcing of textiles and apparels (T&A) from developing countries is on the rise. However, international retailers' received criticism on their ability to manage social non-compliances at supplier factories. Retailers are implementing code of conduct policies to ensure conformity with social standards and avoiding businesses with non-complaint suppliers (Jaiswal & Brookshire, 2018). One of the major tool retailers use across the global apparel value chain is social auditing, which is a workplace assessment and a way of measuring, understanding, reporting, and ultimately improving an organization's social and ethical performance (Hussain, 2015). International retailers require apparel manufacturing firms from developing countries to conduct social audits and get accreditation as a precondition to the commercial relationship (Sanders, Cope, & Pulsipher, 2018). Social audits are meant to identify any violations of workers' rights in production facilities; assess suppliers' social performance; and improve overall workplace standards. However, incidences such as Ali Enterprises fire in Pakistan and collapse of Rana Plaza building in Bangladesh suggest flaws in the current practices of social auditing and indicate gaps to understand dynamics of auditing process. Several issues such as time, pressure, budget constraints, social ties, management control, national and organizational culture, etc. affects audit quality (
Pivoting for the Pandemic, 2020
Latest Trends in Textile and Fashion Designing, 2018
Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was... more Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was “plenty of room at the bottom” for exploration, discovery, and fame in the world of what we now call “nanotechnology”: the study and application of very small things, in the size of less than 100 nanometers, by manipulating atoms and molecules. It is a multidisciplinary field that finds its usage in processing diverse range of products and materials by employing physical, chemical, biological, engineering and electronic sciences. It has vast potential to create new materials with unique properties and improved performance. Due to this potential, nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology that will influence technological development soon and have economic, social and ecological implications Zhao, Boxman and Chowdhry [1], Chong [2], Ashish K Keshari [3]. Many researchers thus herald nanotechnology as the next industrial revolution, with unprecedented potential to revolutionize multiple sectors by Abstract
International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 2018
To address labour issues with apparel suppliers, many multinational enterprises adopted codes of ... more To address labour issues with apparel suppliers, many multinational enterprises adopted codes of conduct (CoC) policies. However, lack of contextualisation in CoC implementation has challenged their effectiveness. This study explored how apparel export firms perceive, and implement CoCs within the Indian apparel industry. Fifteen semi-structured in-depth interviews of factory managers were conducted. The frameworks of divergent and convergent thinking that represented human response to a problem, and the top-down and bottom-up policy approaches toward CoC implementation were used. Six themes surfaced from the analysis. Respondents with convergent thinking viewed CoC as a rulebook given to them by the executives or government to achieve minimum standard goals, while divergent thinkers perceived CoC as a growth plan set by multiple stakeholders, focused on improving labour standards and worker benefits. Findings of this study demonstrate how CoC implementation approaches vary depending on the psychological orientation of company management.
Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 2020
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate how Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) enforce Cod... more Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate how Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) enforce Code of Conduct (CoC) policies, as well as how they affect suppliers' motivation to engage them in managing CoC compliance mechanisms of monitoring, enforcement and transparency in the Indian apparel industry. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative survey was conducted using face-to-face surveys. Overall, 210 usable data points were collected and analyzed by use of structural equation modeling. Findings Study findings highlighted that hard power strategies currently used by MNEs in the apparel Indian market were primarily coercive in nature. A clear power imbalance between MNEs and suppliers from India was evident. Results suggested that when MNEs attempted to use their powerful position to advance compliance goals, higher level of CoC monitoring was required and suppliers were only extrinsically motivated. Lack of intrinsic motivation in suppliers' resulted in under-developed s...
Asian Textile Jorunal, 2007
Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was... more Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was "plenty of room at the bottom" for exploration, discovery, and fame in the world of what we now call "nanotechnology": the study and application of very small things, in the size of less than 100 nanometers, by manipulating atoms and molecules. It is a multidisciplinary field that finds its usage in processing diverse range of products and materials by employing physical, chemical, biological, engineering and electronic sciences. It has vast potential to create new materials with unique properties and improved performance. Due to this potential, nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology that will influence technological development soon and have economic, social and ecological implications Zhao, Boxman and Chowdhry [1], Chong [2], Ashish K Keshari . Many researchers thus herald nanotechnology as the next industrial revolution, with unprecedented potential to revolutionize multiple sectors by Abstract Nanotechnology is considered as one of the most pioneering technologies of 21st century. The desire for sportswear with enhanced performance, efficiency and durability has existed for several years. Nanotechnological developments in textile industry has paved the way to fulfilling these desires. It has helped in overcoming the drawbacks of traditional processing techniques of sportswear industry. Introduction of nanotechnology has opened new opportunities of manufacturing functional and smart textiles that not only serve unique needs of sport activities but also aid athletes in achieving high performance with highest level of comfort and safety. Nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), silver nanowires, graphene and other 2D materials shall be used for incorporating electronic devices into clothing for the future development of wearable electronics for implementation in performance monitoring (in-situ).
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Nov 2, 2023
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Nov 2, 2023
Journal of Global Fashion Marketing
Innovate to Elevate, Dec 31, 2022
Several approaches such as top-down, bottom-up approach were used by MNEs to regulate labor pract... more Several approaches such as top-down, bottom-up approach were used by MNEs to regulate labor practices, however little is known about the approaches taken by the actual implementers who execute these policies. This research was designed to explore policy implementers\u27/managers\u27 approaches on CoC implementation within the context of Indian apparel export houses. A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews was conducted. Eight participants from North India were interviewed. Data was transcribed and analyzed. Overall, six themes surfaced surrounding the (a) meaning, (b) formulation, and (c) implementation of CoCs. These approaches were then interpreted from the lenses of the managers/owners\u27 psychological orientation: convergent or divergent thinking. The convergent thinkers perceived CoC as a rulebook set by the company executives and government where policies were implemented as set procedure. In contrast, divergent thinkers viewed CoC as a growth plan emphasizin...
Apparel industry in the developing world is experiencing a boom in apparel export since the quota... more Apparel industry in the developing world is experiencing a boom in apparel export since the quota free trade. However, incidences of poor working conditions and labor standard violations are commonly reported. Therefore, it is important to investigate factors and mechanisms affecting apparel suppliers' compliance, particularly with the code of conduct policies that were adopted by international buyers to regulate social compliance issues in the global apparel industry. This research investigated the influence of buyers' (apparel importers from developed countries) power strategies on suppliers' (apparel manufacturers from developing countries) motivations, and its overall effect on the suppliers' compliance mechanisms in the Indian apparel industry context, which is a force to reckon with in this industry. Face-to-face interviews of 210 managers from Indian apparel export firms were conducted. Data was analyzed using a statistical procedure of structure equation mode...
Pivoting for the Pandemic, 2020
In the past three decades global sourcing of textiles and apparels (T&A) from developing countrie... more In the past three decades global sourcing of textiles and apparels (T&A) from developing countries is on the rise. However, international retailers' received criticism on their ability to manage social non-compliances at supplier factories. Retailers are implementing code of conduct policies to ensure conformity with social standards and avoiding businesses with non-complaint suppliers (Jaiswal & Brookshire, 2018). One of the major tool retailers use across the global apparel value chain is social auditing, which is a workplace assessment and a way of measuring, understanding, reporting, and ultimately improving an organization's social and ethical performance (Hussain, 2015). International retailers require apparel manufacturing firms from developing countries to conduct social audits and get accreditation as a precondition to the commercial relationship (Sanders, Cope, & Pulsipher, 2018). Social audits are meant to identify any violations of workers' rights in production facilities; assess suppliers' social performance; and improve overall workplace standards. However, incidences such as Ali Enterprises fire in Pakistan and collapse of Rana Plaza building in Bangladesh suggest flaws in the current practices of social auditing and indicate gaps to understand dynamics of auditing process. Several issues such as time, pressure, budget constraints, social ties, management control, national and organizational culture, etc. affects audit quality (
Pivoting for the Pandemic, 2020
Latest Trends in Textile and Fashion Designing, 2018
Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was... more Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was “plenty of room at the bottom” for exploration, discovery, and fame in the world of what we now call “nanotechnology”: the study and application of very small things, in the size of less than 100 nanometers, by manipulating atoms and molecules. It is a multidisciplinary field that finds its usage in processing diverse range of products and materials by employing physical, chemical, biological, engineering and electronic sciences. It has vast potential to create new materials with unique properties and improved performance. Due to this potential, nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology that will influence technological development soon and have economic, social and ecological implications Zhao, Boxman and Chowdhry [1], Chong [2], Ashish K Keshari [3]. Many researchers thus herald nanotechnology as the next industrial revolution, with unprecedented potential to revolutionize multiple sectors by Abstract
International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 2018
To address labour issues with apparel suppliers, many multinational enterprises adopted codes of ... more To address labour issues with apparel suppliers, many multinational enterprises adopted codes of conduct (CoC) policies. However, lack of contextualisation in CoC implementation has challenged their effectiveness. This study explored how apparel export firms perceive, and implement CoCs within the Indian apparel industry. Fifteen semi-structured in-depth interviews of factory managers were conducted. The frameworks of divergent and convergent thinking that represented human response to a problem, and the top-down and bottom-up policy approaches toward CoC implementation were used. Six themes surfaced from the analysis. Respondents with convergent thinking viewed CoC as a rulebook given to them by the executives or government to achieve minimum standard goals, while divergent thinkers perceived CoC as a growth plan set by multiple stakeholders, focused on improving labour standards and worker benefits. Findings of this study demonstrate how CoC implementation approaches vary depending on the psychological orientation of company management.
Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 2020
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate how Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) enforce Cod... more Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate how Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) enforce Code of Conduct (CoC) policies, as well as how they affect suppliers' motivation to engage them in managing CoC compliance mechanisms of monitoring, enforcement and transparency in the Indian apparel industry. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative survey was conducted using face-to-face surveys. Overall, 210 usable data points were collected and analyzed by use of structural equation modeling. Findings Study findings highlighted that hard power strategies currently used by MNEs in the apparel Indian market were primarily coercive in nature. A clear power imbalance between MNEs and suppliers from India was evident. Results suggested that when MNEs attempted to use their powerful position to advance compliance goals, higher level of CoC monitoring was required and suppliers were only extrinsically motivated. Lack of intrinsic motivation in suppliers' resulted in under-developed s...
Asian Textile Jorunal, 2007
Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was... more Richard Feynman famously told an audience of the American Physical Society in 1959 that there was "plenty of room at the bottom" for exploration, discovery, and fame in the world of what we now call "nanotechnology": the study and application of very small things, in the size of less than 100 nanometers, by manipulating atoms and molecules. It is a multidisciplinary field that finds its usage in processing diverse range of products and materials by employing physical, chemical, biological, engineering and electronic sciences. It has vast potential to create new materials with unique properties and improved performance. Due to this potential, nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology that will influence technological development soon and have economic, social and ecological implications Zhao, Boxman and Chowdhry [1], Chong [2], Ashish K Keshari . Many researchers thus herald nanotechnology as the next industrial revolution, with unprecedented potential to revolutionize multiple sectors by Abstract Nanotechnology is considered as one of the most pioneering technologies of 21st century. The desire for sportswear with enhanced performance, efficiency and durability has existed for several years. Nanotechnological developments in textile industry has paved the way to fulfilling these desires. It has helped in overcoming the drawbacks of traditional processing techniques of sportswear industry. Introduction of nanotechnology has opened new opportunities of manufacturing functional and smart textiles that not only serve unique needs of sport activities but also aid athletes in achieving high performance with highest level of comfort and safety. Nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), silver nanowires, graphene and other 2D materials shall be used for incorporating electronic devices into clothing for the future development of wearable electronics for implementation in performance monitoring (in-situ).