Muhammad tahir farid | Bzu multan Pakistan (original) (raw)
Papers by Muhammad tahir farid
Applied Physics A
Disordered pyrochlores Ce 2 Zr 2-x Si x O 7 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) with appropriate comp... more Disordered pyrochlores Ce 2 Zr 2-x Si x O 7 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) with appropriate compositions have been manufactured by normal micro-emulsion method and the effects of Si doping on dielectric and electrical properties were observed. The as-synthesized materials were analyzed via various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the temperature-dependent electrical capacity, and the frequency-dependent dielectric measurements. The XRD results revealed that the synthesized pyrochlores were single phased except x = 0 with crystallite size ranging from 18 to 30 nm. SEM analysis showed that particles were homogenous and well distributed. The resistivity of material first increased and then decreased showing metal to semiconducting transition. A decrease in dielectric properties with the increase in frequency was observed owing to natural magnetic resonance phenomenon. The dielectric and electrical measurements were enhanced by doping of Si contents which revealed that the prepared material is suitable for frequency filters, oscillators, and resonators.
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are substituted in the soft ferrite Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4, with w... more Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are substituted in the soft ferrite Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4, with weight percent ratio of 1%, 5% and 9%. The effect of MWCNTs on the Structural, Thermal and Magnetic properties of Co-Mn ferrites is reported. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals the ferrite posses spinel cubic structure. Structural, Thermal analysis of the MWCNTs and Co-Mn ferrite composite are characterized by XRD, SEM and TGA/DSC techniques. The sintered powder at 1000°C under atmospheric environment shows spinel cubic structure. Particle size is observed by SEM ranging from 20 nm to 35nm. The magnetic properties are measured by using the Physical property measurements (PPMS) technique. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy detects the presence of the metallic compounds in the ferrite sample.
A series of Gd-substituted Cobalt based ferrites of nominal composition CoGd Fe O for 2x 2-2x 4 x... more A series of Gd-substituted Cobalt based ferrites of nominal composition CoGd Fe O for 2x 2-2x 4 x= 0.00-0.25 in steps of 0.05 was produced by conventional ceramic technique. From X-Ray diffraction patterns, all samples showed single cubic spinel structure as a main phase along with small traces of second phase (GdFeO ). The lattice parameter 'a' initially increases for x = 0.05 and then decreases with increasing value of x. 3 dc resistivity and activation energies showed increasing trend with increasing Gd contents. The temperature dependent resistivity and activation energy decreases with increasing temperature. In all samples, saturation magnetization increases while the coercivity decreases with increasing Gd content. The increases in dc resistivity and saturation magnetization suggest that these materials are suitable for high density recording media and microwave devices. The structural, physical, electrical and magnetic properties of Gd-substituted Cobalt based ferrite...
The influence of praseodymium (Pr) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properti... more The influence of praseodymium (Pr) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties of NixCO1-xPryFe2-yO4 ferrites was investigated. This series was prepared by sol-gel method. XRD analysis reveals single phase samples up to y ≤ 0.04. At y ≥ 0.06, a secondary phase of iron praseodymium oxide (PrFeO3) appears along with the spinel phase. The incorporation of Pr for Fe ions results in a slight increase of lattice constant due to larger ionic radius of the substituted ions. It was inferred that the substitution of praseodymium limits the grain growth. The DC electrical resistivity and activation energy are higher for the substituted samples. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tan δ) and AC-conductivity decreased on account of substitution. The decrease in dielectric constant is imputed to the reduction in the internal viscosity of the substituted samples. Ferrites have high dielectric constant and low tan δ, they may be attractive for application in switching and...
Spinel ferrites are attractive for high frequency applications due to their larger direct current... more Spinel ferrites are attractive for high frequency applications due to their larger direct current (dc) resistivity and low dielectric loss. In the present work, Co0.6Zn0.4HoxFe2-xO4 (x = 0.00 and 0.1) spinel ferrites were prepared by sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that both samples had cubic spinel structure, while in sample (x = 0.1), the secondary phase (HoFeO3) was also observed. The dc resistivity was increased with the addition of holmium ions. As the temperature increased, the dc resistivity was decreased by proving their semiconducting nature. The dielectric properties were also measured as a function of temperature and frequency. The sample which was composed by the substitution of holmium ions contained low value of dielectric loss. The magnetic properties were also experimentally measured by applying the field up to 2000 oersted. The small area covered by hysteresis loop proved that both samples possessed soft nature of magnetic materials.
Journal of Taibah University for Science
The influence of neodymium (Nd) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties ... more The influence of neodymium (Nd) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties of Nickel cobalt ferrites was studied in the ferrite series NixCO1-xNdyFe2-yO4 (x= 0.00, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.0 and y = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1). This series was prepared by sol-gel method. XRD analysis reveals single phase samples up to y=0.04. At y ≥ 0.06, a secondary phase of iron neodymium oxide (NdFeO3) appears along with the spinel phase. The incorporation of Nd 3+ for Fe 3+ ions results in a slight increase of lattice constant due to larger ionic radius of the substituted ions. It was inferred that the substitution of neodymium limits the grain growth. The DC electrical resistivity and activation energy are higher for the substituted samples. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tan δ) and AC-conductivity decreased on account of doping. The decrease in dielectric constant is imputed to the reduction in the internal viscosity of the doped samples. The dielectric...
This paper presents a study on attempting to substitute Gd into a Ca-Ba M-type hexaferrite (Ca0.5... more This paper presents a study on attempting to substitute Gd into a Ca-Ba M-type hexaferrite (Ca0.5Ba0.5GdxFe12−xO19, where x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25) using the sol–gel method. The structural, magnetic and microwave properties of the resultant material were investigated. Since Gd has a much larger ionic radius than Fe, substitution is not straightforward as revealed by the structural analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed some substitution into the M-type phase due to a changing lattice parameter; however, significant quantities of additional phases of hematite (α-Fe2O3) and gadolinium orthoferrite started to form at concentrations of up to Gd = 0.10 and at higher Gd concentrations, respectively. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy of selected compositions showed d-spacings corresponding to the three phases observed in XRD, confirming the incomplete substitution of Gd. Scanning electron microscopy showed platelet-shaped grains. Vibrating sample magnet...
Nano sized Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite particles were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The com... more Nano sized Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite particles were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The composite of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 and multiwalled carbon nanotube have been successfully formed by the solid state reaction method. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are substituted in the soft ferrite Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4, with weight percent ratio of 1%, 5% and 9%. The effect of MWCNTs on the Structural, Thermal and Magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites is reported. The X-ray diffraction analysis of sintered powder 1000C reveals the ferrite possesses spinel face centered cubic structure. Structural, Thermal analysis of the MWCNTs and Mn-Zn ferrite composite are characterized by XRD, SEM and TGA/DSC techniques. Particle size is observed by SEM ranging from 25nm to 40nm. The magnetic properties are measured by using the Physical property measurements (PPMS) technique. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to detect the presence of the metallic compounds in the ferrite sample. The s...
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Chinese Journal of Physics
Journal of Taibah University for Science
Journal of Electronic Materials
The magnesium-rich intermetallic ternary compound NdNiMg15 in space group P-4/nmm (no. 26) space ... more The magnesium-rich intermetallic ternary compound NdNiMg15 in space group P-4/nmm (no. 26) space group in trigonal phase is studied theoretically using hybrid functional theory (HP-B3PW91) in the density functional theory (DFT) framework. The calculation results are in good agreement with experimental data. The metallic nature of the compound is estimated from the electronic properties. The magnetic as well as metallic character of the compound is due to the Nd 4f electrons. The title compound exhibits good conductivity as revealed by the thermoelectric analysis. The magnetic phase of the material indicates its stability within the G-type antiferromagnetic phase (G-AFM), governed by direct Nd–Nd exchange interactions with a magnetic moment of 3.57µB/Nd per unit cell. The AFM phase of the studied compound is also confirmed by post-DFT measurements at TN = 8.15 K as well as θ = −2.5 K. The antiferromagnetic nature of this compound could enable its use in magnetic probes to read data stored in antiferromagnetic moments while leaving them unaffected by disturbing magnetic fields.
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
The structural, magnetic, and electrical properties were analyzed to see the impact of yttrium io... more The structural, magnetic, and electrical properties were analyzed to see the impact of yttrium ions upon manganese spinel ferrite. The samples of MnY y Fe 2-y O 4 (y = 0-0.1) were created by wet chemical sol-gel method. The development of cubic spinel configuration was observed in all models with the use of X-ray diffraction analysis. The values of different magnetic parameters like saturation magnetization and remanence declined with the increase of yttrium concentration, while coercivity was enhanced. The real and imaginary parts of permittivity decreased with the increase in Y concentration. The impedance enhanced with the substitution of Y 3? ions. The M-H loops of all the samples were experimentally measured from-2 K Oe to ? 2 KOe. All these parameters suggested that manganesebased ferrites may be used in microwave absorption.
Journal of Electronic Materials
Materials Research Bulletin
Abstract In this research work BaPr x Fe 2-x O 4 (x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10) spinel ferri... more Abstract In this research work BaPr x Fe 2-x O 4 (x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10) spinel ferrites have been synthesized successfully by sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the fcc spinel phase of the synthesized samples. All the samples showed inhomogeneous grain size distribution observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Temperature dependence normalized AC susceptibility and Curie temperature studies revealed that BaFe 2 O 4 exhibited multidomain (MD) structure with high Curie temperature. On the other hand, multidomain to single domain (SD) transitions occurred when the praseodymium is substituted into barium spinel ferrites. Narrow loops showed the soft nature of ferrites and it was confirmed from magnetic properties of the prepared samples. Decreasing trend of saturation magnetization and remanence was observed with the substitution of praseodymium contents. Coercivity and anisotropy constant both enhanced with the praseodymium concentration. The above-mentioned parameters revealed that the synthesized spinel ferrites might be useful for the of high-density magnetic recording applications.
Applied Physics A
Disordered pyrochlores Ce 2 Zr 2-x Si x O 7 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) with appropriate comp... more Disordered pyrochlores Ce 2 Zr 2-x Si x O 7 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) with appropriate compositions have been manufactured by normal micro-emulsion method and the effects of Si doping on dielectric and electrical properties were observed. The as-synthesized materials were analyzed via various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the temperature-dependent electrical capacity, and the frequency-dependent dielectric measurements. The XRD results revealed that the synthesized pyrochlores were single phased except x = 0 with crystallite size ranging from 18 to 30 nm. SEM analysis showed that particles were homogenous and well distributed. The resistivity of material first increased and then decreased showing metal to semiconducting transition. A decrease in dielectric properties with the increase in frequency was observed owing to natural magnetic resonance phenomenon. The dielectric and electrical measurements were enhanced by doping of Si contents which revealed that the prepared material is suitable for frequency filters, oscillators, and resonators.
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are substituted in the soft ferrite Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4, with w... more Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are substituted in the soft ferrite Co0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4, with weight percent ratio of 1%, 5% and 9%. The effect of MWCNTs on the Structural, Thermal and Magnetic properties of Co-Mn ferrites is reported. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals the ferrite posses spinel cubic structure. Structural, Thermal analysis of the MWCNTs and Co-Mn ferrite composite are characterized by XRD, SEM and TGA/DSC techniques. The sintered powder at 1000°C under atmospheric environment shows spinel cubic structure. Particle size is observed by SEM ranging from 20 nm to 35nm. The magnetic properties are measured by using the Physical property measurements (PPMS) technique. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy detects the presence of the metallic compounds in the ferrite sample.
A series of Gd-substituted Cobalt based ferrites of nominal composition CoGd Fe O for 2x 2-2x 4 x... more A series of Gd-substituted Cobalt based ferrites of nominal composition CoGd Fe O for 2x 2-2x 4 x= 0.00-0.25 in steps of 0.05 was produced by conventional ceramic technique. From X-Ray diffraction patterns, all samples showed single cubic spinel structure as a main phase along with small traces of second phase (GdFeO ). The lattice parameter 'a' initially increases for x = 0.05 and then decreases with increasing value of x. 3 dc resistivity and activation energies showed increasing trend with increasing Gd contents. The temperature dependent resistivity and activation energy decreases with increasing temperature. In all samples, saturation magnetization increases while the coercivity decreases with increasing Gd content. The increases in dc resistivity and saturation magnetization suggest that these materials are suitable for high density recording media and microwave devices. The structural, physical, electrical and magnetic properties of Gd-substituted Cobalt based ferrite...
The influence of praseodymium (Pr) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properti... more The influence of praseodymium (Pr) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties of NixCO1-xPryFe2-yO4 ferrites was investigated. This series was prepared by sol-gel method. XRD analysis reveals single phase samples up to y ≤ 0.04. At y ≥ 0.06, a secondary phase of iron praseodymium oxide (PrFeO3) appears along with the spinel phase. The incorporation of Pr for Fe ions results in a slight increase of lattice constant due to larger ionic radius of the substituted ions. It was inferred that the substitution of praseodymium limits the grain growth. The DC electrical resistivity and activation energy are higher for the substituted samples. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tan δ) and AC-conductivity decreased on account of substitution. The decrease in dielectric constant is imputed to the reduction in the internal viscosity of the substituted samples. Ferrites have high dielectric constant and low tan δ, they may be attractive for application in switching and...
Spinel ferrites are attractive for high frequency applications due to their larger direct current... more Spinel ferrites are attractive for high frequency applications due to their larger direct current (dc) resistivity and low dielectric loss. In the present work, Co0.6Zn0.4HoxFe2-xO4 (x = 0.00 and 0.1) spinel ferrites were prepared by sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed that both samples had cubic spinel structure, while in sample (x = 0.1), the secondary phase (HoFeO3) was also observed. The dc resistivity was increased with the addition of holmium ions. As the temperature increased, the dc resistivity was decreased by proving their semiconducting nature. The dielectric properties were also measured as a function of temperature and frequency. The sample which was composed by the substitution of holmium ions contained low value of dielectric loss. The magnetic properties were also experimentally measured by applying the field up to 2000 oersted. The small area covered by hysteresis loop proved that both samples possessed soft nature of magnetic materials.
Journal of Taibah University for Science
The influence of neodymium (Nd) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties ... more The influence of neodymium (Nd) contents on the structural, electrical and dielectric properties of Nickel cobalt ferrites was studied in the ferrite series NixCO1-xNdyFe2-yO4 (x= 0.00, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.0 and y = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1). This series was prepared by sol-gel method. XRD analysis reveals single phase samples up to y=0.04. At y ≥ 0.06, a secondary phase of iron neodymium oxide (NdFeO3) appears along with the spinel phase. The incorporation of Nd 3+ for Fe 3+ ions results in a slight increase of lattice constant due to larger ionic radius of the substituted ions. It was inferred that the substitution of neodymium limits the grain growth. The DC electrical resistivity and activation energy are higher for the substituted samples. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss (tan δ) and AC-conductivity decreased on account of doping. The decrease in dielectric constant is imputed to the reduction in the internal viscosity of the doped samples. The dielectric...
This paper presents a study on attempting to substitute Gd into a Ca-Ba M-type hexaferrite (Ca0.5... more This paper presents a study on attempting to substitute Gd into a Ca-Ba M-type hexaferrite (Ca0.5Ba0.5GdxFe12−xO19, where x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25) using the sol–gel method. The structural, magnetic and microwave properties of the resultant material were investigated. Since Gd has a much larger ionic radius than Fe, substitution is not straightforward as revealed by the structural analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed some substitution into the M-type phase due to a changing lattice parameter; however, significant quantities of additional phases of hematite (α-Fe2O3) and gadolinium orthoferrite started to form at concentrations of up to Gd = 0.10 and at higher Gd concentrations, respectively. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy of selected compositions showed d-spacings corresponding to the three phases observed in XRD, confirming the incomplete substitution of Gd. Scanning electron microscopy showed platelet-shaped grains. Vibrating sample magnet...
Nano sized Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite particles were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The com... more Nano sized Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrite particles were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The composite of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 and multiwalled carbon nanotube have been successfully formed by the solid state reaction method. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are substituted in the soft ferrite Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4, with weight percent ratio of 1%, 5% and 9%. The effect of MWCNTs on the Structural, Thermal and Magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites is reported. The X-ray diffraction analysis of sintered powder 1000C reveals the ferrite possesses spinel face centered cubic structure. Structural, Thermal analysis of the MWCNTs and Mn-Zn ferrite composite are characterized by XRD, SEM and TGA/DSC techniques. Particle size is observed by SEM ranging from 25nm to 40nm. The magnetic properties are measured by using the Physical property measurements (PPMS) technique. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is used to detect the presence of the metallic compounds in the ferrite sample. The s...
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Chinese Journal of Physics
Journal of Taibah University for Science
Journal of Electronic Materials
The magnesium-rich intermetallic ternary compound NdNiMg15 in space group P-4/nmm (no. 26) space ... more The magnesium-rich intermetallic ternary compound NdNiMg15 in space group P-4/nmm (no. 26) space group in trigonal phase is studied theoretically using hybrid functional theory (HP-B3PW91) in the density functional theory (DFT) framework. The calculation results are in good agreement with experimental data. The metallic nature of the compound is estimated from the electronic properties. The magnetic as well as metallic character of the compound is due to the Nd 4f electrons. The title compound exhibits good conductivity as revealed by the thermoelectric analysis. The magnetic phase of the material indicates its stability within the G-type antiferromagnetic phase (G-AFM), governed by direct Nd–Nd exchange interactions with a magnetic moment of 3.57µB/Nd per unit cell. The AFM phase of the studied compound is also confirmed by post-DFT measurements at TN = 8.15 K as well as θ = −2.5 K. The antiferromagnetic nature of this compound could enable its use in magnetic probes to read data stored in antiferromagnetic moments while leaving them unaffected by disturbing magnetic fields.
Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
The structural, magnetic, and electrical properties were analyzed to see the impact of yttrium io... more The structural, magnetic, and electrical properties were analyzed to see the impact of yttrium ions upon manganese spinel ferrite. The samples of MnY y Fe 2-y O 4 (y = 0-0.1) were created by wet chemical sol-gel method. The development of cubic spinel configuration was observed in all models with the use of X-ray diffraction analysis. The values of different magnetic parameters like saturation magnetization and remanence declined with the increase of yttrium concentration, while coercivity was enhanced. The real and imaginary parts of permittivity decreased with the increase in Y concentration. The impedance enhanced with the substitution of Y 3? ions. The M-H loops of all the samples were experimentally measured from-2 K Oe to ? 2 KOe. All these parameters suggested that manganesebased ferrites may be used in microwave absorption.
Journal of Electronic Materials
Materials Research Bulletin
Abstract In this research work BaPr x Fe 2-x O 4 (x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10) spinel ferri... more Abstract In this research work BaPr x Fe 2-x O 4 (x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.10) spinel ferrites have been synthesized successfully by sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the fcc spinel phase of the synthesized samples. All the samples showed inhomogeneous grain size distribution observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Temperature dependence normalized AC susceptibility and Curie temperature studies revealed that BaFe 2 O 4 exhibited multidomain (MD) structure with high Curie temperature. On the other hand, multidomain to single domain (SD) transitions occurred when the praseodymium is substituted into barium spinel ferrites. Narrow loops showed the soft nature of ferrites and it was confirmed from magnetic properties of the prepared samples. Decreasing trend of saturation magnetization and remanence was observed with the substitution of praseodymium contents. Coercivity and anisotropy constant both enhanced with the praseodymium concentration. The above-mentioned parameters revealed that the synthesized spinel ferrites might be useful for the of high-density magnetic recording applications.