Md Zahangir Hossain - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by Md Zahangir Hossain
Role of cultural and nutrient management practices in carbon sequestration in agricultural soil
Advances in Agronomy, 2021
Any management practice that results in greater carbon (C) return to the soil, increases stabiliz... more Any management practice that results in greater carbon (C) return to the soil, increases stabilization of soil C, or reduces C losses may lead to soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in soil. Therefore, SOC dynamics in soil are dictated by a balance between input and output of C in the soil, and C sequestration occurs only when the input exceeds the output. Primarily, greater C input can occur by enhancing biomass production using fertilizers with irrigation, stubble retention, crop rotation, minimum tillage, and by improving soil properties including having the appropriate pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and osmotic pressure. Conventional farming with intensive plowing leads to SOC decomposition, whereas conservation farming with no or minimum tillage with stubble retention may retard the decomposition of soil native organic C. Fertilizer addition may influence the decomposition of SOC. The effect of fertilizer on decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) differs with and without the presence of organic matter as crop residues, labile C, or easily degradable C in soil. This effect of fertilizer is mostly dominated by the presence/addition of organic matter in soil rather crop management or what the pH, CEC, or osmotic pressure are. However, decomposition of crop residues or organic matter depends on their quality (biochemical properties), soil types, soil environment, the microbial community, and nutrient availability. More microbial activity with organic matter decomposition means more production of stabilized C, which is relatively recalcitrant to microbial degradation. Therefore, nutrient addition in soil may be helpful in increasing SOM stock. At least, it can maintain the SOM level if the C (energy source) for microbial growth is external like stubble or added organic matter rather than internal (native) SOM
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2021
Excessive amounts of animal manures and production of a large volume of biosolids pose serious en... more Excessive amounts of animal manures and production of a large volume of biosolids pose serious environmental issues in terms of their safe disposal and management. Thermochemical treatment of bio-waste materials via pyrolysis can convert them into value-added products such as biochar-based fertilizers. In this study, fourteen biochars were produced from one biosolid and thirteen animal manures by slow pyrolysis at 300 °C. All feedstock and biochar samples were characterized by determining the yield, and physicochemical and surface properties, including the C-containing functional groups. Principal component and cluster analyses were used to classify the feedstock/biochar materials based on their mineral constituents. The biochar yield of various feedstocks ranged from 39 to 81%, with the highest yield for grain-fed cow manure. The highest N and K content was found in chicken manure biochar (57.8 and 29.2 g kg-1 , respectively), while the highest P was found in biosolid biochar (40.5 g kg-1). The specific surface area of biochars ranged from 96.06 to 110.83 m 2 g −1. Hierarchical analyses of the chemical compositions of feedstocks and biochars enabled grouping of the materials respectively into four and five distinguished clusters. Three principal components (PC) explained 86.8% and 83.3% of the variances in the feedstocks and biochars, respectively. The PC1 represented the content of the major nutrients (N, P and K), whereas PC2 and PC3 represented other nutrients (secondary and micronutrients) contents and physicochemical properties (pH and EC). The results of this study suggested that biochars produced from different manures and biosolids may potentially be a source of soil nutrients and trace elements. In addition, different biochars may be applied to different nutrient-deficient soils to avoid plausible nutrient and potentially toxic element contamination.
Biochar
Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil conditioner, is produced using several thermochemical p... more Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil conditioner, is produced using several thermochemical processes. It has unique characteristics like high surface area, porosity, and surface charges. This paper reviews the fertilizer value of biochar, and its effects on soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops. Biochar serves as an important source of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen in biochar produced from manures and wastes at low temperature (≤ 400 °C). The phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrient contents are higher in manure/waste biochars than those in crop residues and woody biochars. The nutrient contents and pH of biochar are positively correlated with pyrolysis temperature, except for nitrogen content. Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. However, for potassium and other nutrients, biochar shows inconsistent (positive and negative) impacts on soil. After addition of biochar, porosity, aggregate stability, and amount of water held in soil increase and bulk density decreases. Mostly, biochar increases soil pH and, thus, influences nutrient availability for plants. Biochar also alters soil biological properties by increasing microbial populations, enzyme activity, soil respiration, and microbial biomass. Finally, nutrient use efficiency and nutrient uptake improve with the application of biochar to soil. Thus, biochar can be a potential nutrient reservoir for plants and a good amendment to improve soil properties. Biochar • Nutrients • Manure • Soil properties • Nutrient use efficiency * Nanthi Bolan
The use of organic wastes in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrient... more The use of organic wastes in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrients, sustaining soil security as well
as protecting the environment from unwanted hazards. This review article deals with the effect of different kinds of organic
wastes on soil properties and plant growth and yield. Municipal solid waste is mainly used as a source of nitrogen and organic
matter, improving soil properties and microbial activity that are closely related to soil fertility. Biowaste and food waste increase
pH, nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity, water holding capacity, and microbial biomass in soil. Sewage sludge
contains various amounts of organic matter and huge amounts of plant nutrients. Manure is a common waste which improves
soil properties by adding nutrients and increases microbial and enzyme activity in soil. It also reduces toxicity of some heavy
metals. These organic wastes have a great positive impact on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties as well as
stimulate plant growth and thus increase the yield of crops.
Use of by-products in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrients, sust... more Use of by-products in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrients, sustain soil security as well as protect the environment from unwanted hazards. They also reduce toxicity of some heavy metals resulting increase yield of crops. This review paper deals with the use of transformed plant by-products as soil conditioner and fertilizer in agricultural field. Pressmud and molasses contain different nutrients and can be substituted for phosphatic and potassic fertilizers, respectively, in crop production. It can restore degraded soil, stabilizing soil particles and in waterlogged soils filter cake increases availability of nutrients. Vinasse can be used as fertigation and creates nutrients reservoir in winter season. It increases pH, CEC value in soil and availability of P and K for agricultural crops. Direct application of olive mill wastewater increases porosity, aggregate stability and reduces soil erosion and run-off of sloppy lands. It increases C/N ratio and helps to slow release of N into the soils. Plant origin wastes can be used as soil conditioner and fertilizer in agriculture. However, for maintaining soil health and crops yield, it is necessary to determine the proper doses of these by-products to avoid negative impact on soil, environment as well as human health.
Role of cultural and nutrient management practices in carbon sequestration in agricultural soil
Advances in Agronomy, 2021
Any management practice that results in greater carbon (C) return to the soil, increases stabiliz... more Any management practice that results in greater carbon (C) return to the soil, increases stabilization of soil C, or reduces C losses may lead to soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in soil. Therefore, SOC dynamics in soil are dictated by a balance between input and output of C in the soil, and C sequestration occurs only when the input exceeds the output. Primarily, greater C input can occur by enhancing biomass production using fertilizers with irrigation, stubble retention, crop rotation, minimum tillage, and by improving soil properties including having the appropriate pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and osmotic pressure. Conventional farming with intensive plowing leads to SOC decomposition, whereas conservation farming with no or minimum tillage with stubble retention may retard the decomposition of soil native organic C. Fertilizer addition may influence the decomposition of SOC. The effect of fertilizer on decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) differs with and without the presence of organic matter as crop residues, labile C, or easily degradable C in soil. This effect of fertilizer is mostly dominated by the presence/addition of organic matter in soil rather crop management or what the pH, CEC, or osmotic pressure are. However, decomposition of crop residues or organic matter depends on their quality (biochemical properties), soil types, soil environment, the microbial community, and nutrient availability. More microbial activity with organic matter decomposition means more production of stabilized C, which is relatively recalcitrant to microbial degradation. Therefore, nutrient addition in soil may be helpful in increasing SOM stock. At least, it can maintain the SOM level if the C (energy source) for microbial growth is external like stubble or added organic matter rather than internal (native) SOM
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2021
Excessive amounts of animal manures and production of a large volume of biosolids pose serious en... more Excessive amounts of animal manures and production of a large volume of biosolids pose serious environmental issues in terms of their safe disposal and management. Thermochemical treatment of bio-waste materials via pyrolysis can convert them into value-added products such as biochar-based fertilizers. In this study, fourteen biochars were produced from one biosolid and thirteen animal manures by slow pyrolysis at 300 °C. All feedstock and biochar samples were characterized by determining the yield, and physicochemical and surface properties, including the C-containing functional groups. Principal component and cluster analyses were used to classify the feedstock/biochar materials based on their mineral constituents. The biochar yield of various feedstocks ranged from 39 to 81%, with the highest yield for grain-fed cow manure. The highest N and K content was found in chicken manure biochar (57.8 and 29.2 g kg-1 , respectively), while the highest P was found in biosolid biochar (40.5 g kg-1). The specific surface area of biochars ranged from 96.06 to 110.83 m 2 g −1. Hierarchical analyses of the chemical compositions of feedstocks and biochars enabled grouping of the materials respectively into four and five distinguished clusters. Three principal components (PC) explained 86.8% and 83.3% of the variances in the feedstocks and biochars, respectively. The PC1 represented the content of the major nutrients (N, P and K), whereas PC2 and PC3 represented other nutrients (secondary and micronutrients) contents and physicochemical properties (pH and EC). The results of this study suggested that biochars produced from different manures and biosolids may potentially be a source of soil nutrients and trace elements. In addition, different biochars may be applied to different nutrient-deficient soils to avoid plausible nutrient and potentially toxic element contamination.
Biochar
Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil conditioner, is produced using several thermochemical p... more Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil conditioner, is produced using several thermochemical processes. It has unique characteristics like high surface area, porosity, and surface charges. This paper reviews the fertilizer value of biochar, and its effects on soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops. Biochar serves as an important source of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen in biochar produced from manures and wastes at low temperature (≤ 400 °C). The phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrient contents are higher in manure/waste biochars than those in crop residues and woody biochars. The nutrient contents and pH of biochar are positively correlated with pyrolysis temperature, except for nitrogen content. Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. However, for potassium and other nutrients, biochar shows inconsistent (positive and negative) impacts on soil. After addition of biochar, porosity, aggregate stability, and amount of water held in soil increase and bulk density decreases. Mostly, biochar increases soil pH and, thus, influences nutrient availability for plants. Biochar also alters soil biological properties by increasing microbial populations, enzyme activity, soil respiration, and microbial biomass. Finally, nutrient use efficiency and nutrient uptake improve with the application of biochar to soil. Thus, biochar can be a potential nutrient reservoir for plants and a good amendment to improve soil properties. Biochar • Nutrients • Manure • Soil properties • Nutrient use efficiency * Nanthi Bolan
The use of organic wastes in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrient... more The use of organic wastes in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrients, sustaining soil security as well
as protecting the environment from unwanted hazards. This review article deals with the effect of different kinds of organic
wastes on soil properties and plant growth and yield. Municipal solid waste is mainly used as a source of nitrogen and organic
matter, improving soil properties and microbial activity that are closely related to soil fertility. Biowaste and food waste increase
pH, nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity, water holding capacity, and microbial biomass in soil. Sewage sludge
contains various amounts of organic matter and huge amounts of plant nutrients. Manure is a common waste which improves
soil properties by adding nutrients and increases microbial and enzyme activity in soil. It also reduces toxicity of some heavy
metals. These organic wastes have a great positive impact on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties as well as
stimulate plant growth and thus increase the yield of crops.
Use of by-products in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrients, sust... more Use of by-products in agriculture plays a great role in recycling essential plant nutrients, sustain soil security as well as protect the environment from unwanted hazards. They also reduce toxicity of some heavy metals resulting increase yield of crops. This review paper deals with the use of transformed plant by-products as soil conditioner and fertilizer in agricultural field. Pressmud and molasses contain different nutrients and can be substituted for phosphatic and potassic fertilizers, respectively, in crop production. It can restore degraded soil, stabilizing soil particles and in waterlogged soils filter cake increases availability of nutrients. Vinasse can be used as fertigation and creates nutrients reservoir in winter season. It increases pH, CEC value in soil and availability of P and K for agricultural crops. Direct application of olive mill wastewater increases porosity, aggregate stability and reduces soil erosion and run-off of sloppy lands. It increases C/N ratio and helps to slow release of N into the soils. Plant origin wastes can be used as soil conditioner and fertilizer in agriculture. However, for maintaining soil health and crops yield, it is necessary to determine the proper doses of these by-products to avoid negative impact on soil, environment as well as human health.