Sagir Muhammad Rabiu | Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology Samaru-Zaria (original) (raw)
Graduate of Chemistry working with Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria
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Chemistry by Sagir Muhammad Rabiu
Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2020
Dyes are hazardous, mutagenic and carcinogenic organic pollutants discharged into the environment... more Dyes are hazardous, mutagenic and carcinogenic organic pollutants discharged into the environment from textile effluents, tanneries and other industries. Rice husk was believed to serve as good sorbent for many metals and basic dyes including Congo red dye. The present study targeted to remove Congo red dye from a prepared wastewater using rice husk as adsorbent, with view to use thermodynamic parameters such as entropy, enthalpy and free energy models to explain the mechanism for the dye adsorption using rice husk powder as adsorbent. In this research, rice husk was collected from Panshekara area, Kano state, Nigeria. The sample was processed using standard techniques. The sample was treated with sulphuric acid and used for the uptake of the dye by adsorption process. The filtered samples were developed using UV spectrometry. Thermodynamic studies were carried out using standard procedures. Congo red dye can be removed from aqueous medium by the process of adsorption using rice husk adsorbent. The thermodynamic studies of the adsorption process that were conducted using various temperatures (30, 35, 40 and 45°C) revealed that the reaction is endothermic, and there was increase in the randomness of the solid/solution interface during the adsorption of Congo red onto the rice husk. The thermodynamic parameters analyzed such as enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS), free energy (ΔG) and isosteric heat of adsorption (ΔHr), suggest that the overall adsorption process was physisorption. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory can be applied to the sorption phenomena of rice, since sorption and desorption processes can be controlled by enthalpy.
Background: A number of microorganisms are capable of degrading amylase and only a few of these m... more Background: A number of microorganisms are capable of degrading amylase and only a few of these microorganisms produce significant quantities of enzymes capable of completely hydrolyzing the amylase. Fungi are the main amylase-producing microorganisms. Aims: The present study targeted to screen Penicillium species isolated locally from soil for amylase production. Materials and Methods: In this research, fungal species belonging to genera penicillum species were isolated from soil and screened for their ability to degrade cellulose (lactose, fructose, sucrose and dextrose) for enzyme activity. Enzymatic fungi were evaluated after 7 days for the production of amylase enzymes by lactophenol microscopic examination. The concentrations for 7 days of production were formulated by dilution method as 0.148 mg/ml, 0.313 mg/ml, 0.303 mg/ml, 0.127 mg/ml, 0.161 mg/ml, 0.079 mg/ml and 0.099 mg/ml respectively. Results: The maximum amylase production was obtained on the 2nd day of production which was 0.313 mg/ml and minimum production was obtained on the 6th day of production which was 0.079 mg/ml. Optimal pH was obtained at pH of 6 and temperature of 45°C with concentrations 0.587 mg/ml and 0.090 mg/ml. Conclusion: The results of this study implied that a high concentration of enzymatic fungi could be obtained locally from the soil and the Penicillium isolates hold varied industrial production of amylase.
Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2020
Dyes are hazardous, mutagenic and carcinogenic organic pollutants discharged into the environment... more Dyes are hazardous, mutagenic and carcinogenic organic pollutants discharged into the environment from textile effluents, tanneries and other industries. Rice husk was believed to serve as good sorbent for many metals and basic dyes including Congo red dye. The present study targeted to remove Congo red dye from a prepared wastewater using rice husk as adsorbent, with view to use thermodynamic parameters such as entropy, enthalpy and free energy models to explain the mechanism for the dye adsorption using rice husk powder as adsorbent. In this research, rice husk was collected from Panshekara area, Kano state, Nigeria. The sample was processed using standard techniques. The sample was treated with sulphuric acid and used for the uptake of the dye by adsorption process. The filtered samples were developed using UV spectrometry. Thermodynamic studies were carried out using standard procedures. Congo red dye can be removed from aqueous medium by the process of adsorption using rice husk adsorbent. The thermodynamic studies of the adsorption process that were conducted using various temperatures (30, 35, 40 and 45°C) revealed that the reaction is endothermic, and there was increase in the randomness of the solid/solution interface during the adsorption of Congo red onto the rice husk. The thermodynamic parameters analyzed such as enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS), free energy (ΔG) and isosteric heat of adsorption (ΔHr), suggest that the overall adsorption process was physisorption. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory can be applied to the sorption phenomena of rice, since sorption and desorption processes can be controlled by enthalpy.
Background: A number of microorganisms are capable of degrading amylase and only a few of these m... more Background: A number of microorganisms are capable of degrading amylase and only a few of these microorganisms produce significant quantities of enzymes capable of completely hydrolyzing the amylase. Fungi are the main amylase-producing microorganisms. Aims: The present study targeted to screen Penicillium species isolated locally from soil for amylase production. Materials and Methods: In this research, fungal species belonging to genera penicillum species were isolated from soil and screened for their ability to degrade cellulose (lactose, fructose, sucrose and dextrose) for enzyme activity. Enzymatic fungi were evaluated after 7 days for the production of amylase enzymes by lactophenol microscopic examination. The concentrations for 7 days of production were formulated by dilution method as 0.148 mg/ml, 0.313 mg/ml, 0.303 mg/ml, 0.127 mg/ml, 0.161 mg/ml, 0.079 mg/ml and 0.099 mg/ml respectively. Results: The maximum amylase production was obtained on the 2nd day of production which was 0.313 mg/ml and minimum production was obtained on the 6th day of production which was 0.079 mg/ml. Optimal pH was obtained at pH of 6 and temperature of 45°C with concentrations 0.587 mg/ml and 0.090 mg/ml. Conclusion: The results of this study implied that a high concentration of enzymatic fungi could be obtained locally from the soil and the Penicillium isolates hold varied industrial production of amylase.