Venkata Mandla | Nird - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Venkata Mandla

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020

Nowadays due to the change in climatic conditions and proliferation in sea level, the coastlines ... more Nowadays due to the change in climatic conditions and proliferation in sea level, the coastlines are under high threat. The Gujarat coastline is studied in the current work. It is the longest coastline in India and is highly vulnerable to cyclones, earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc. These facts show the relevance of the present research. The parameters based on which the coastal vulnerability index is laid include seven physical parameters and one social parameter. The seven physical parameters are rate of shoreline change, coastal slope, coastal elevation, geomorphology, significant wave height, tidal range, sea level rise, and the social parameter is population density. The additional parameters used in this study, to increase the accuracy of the vulnerability index are coastal elevation, rise in sea level, and population density. The study is done using geospatial data and various other models and is analyzed with the help of geospatial tools. The high-resolution Cartosat DEM data is used to analyze the coastal elevation and makes this study stand out from the previous studies. Using the risk rating of each parameter, the coastal vulnerability index is prepared and it divides the coast into four zones, that is, very highly vulnerable, highly vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, and low vulnerable. According to the analysis, about 43.5% of the coastline is under highly vulnerable zone and about 1% is under very highly vulnerable zone. The study shows that the area under high erosion is basically tidal flats and mangroves.

Coastal waters are showing deteriorating trend in its quality. This leads to the damage of marine... more Coastal waters are showing deteriorating trend in its quality. This leads to the damage of marine ecosystems and interferes in its normal use. In order to tackle this issue, it is important to know about the extent of pollution. Conventional method of water quality estimation includes analysis of water samples from various locations. This is a tiresome and costly process limiting its application to small scales and accessible sampling sites. In this paper, an attempt has been made to quickly estimate the concentration of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PHC) and counts of Total Coliform (TC) which are important water quality parameters, along the south west coast of India. This study formulated satellite data-based multiple regression equations for determining the count of total coliform bacteria and concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons. The sea surface temperature and remote sensing reflectance values of different bands of MODIS sensor along with field values were used in the process. Th...

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2017

AIM: The aim of the present study was to prepare natural adsorbent from sugar cane bagasse modifi... more AIM: The aim of the present study was to prepare natural adsorbent from sugar cane bagasse modified with propionic acid for the removal of basic dye ‘Methylene Blue’ from synthetic wastewater. OBJECTIVE: Adsorption experiments were performed to determine the optimum conditions of time, adsorbent dosage, adsorbent size, agitation speed, dye concentration and pH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sugarcane bagasse was procured and washed thoroughly with water. The bagasse was dried in sun for two days (Nevine 2008). It was then oven dried for 24 hours at 120 °C temperature (Hajira et al. 2012). The bagasse was crushed in the mixer until it turned fine powder and sieved to the sizes of 0.6, 0.3 and 0.15 mm. The efficiency of adsorption was influenced by various factors such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, size of the adsorbent, concentration of dye, pH and rpm. Each factor was optimized experimentally. BACKGROUND: The release of coloured waste water in to the natural streams such as rivers causes severe problems in the aquatic environment. The presence of dyes will absorb and reflect the sunlight entering the water thus hindering the process of photosynthesis in plants. This will reduce the water quality in natural streams and it also affects the human health. The dyes can also cause allergic diseases, skin irritations, cancer and mutations. RESULTS: The results indicated that the adsorbent showed good sorption potential and maximum dye removal was observed at pH 7.Within 8 minutes of operation about 81.5% of the dye was removed from the solution. The sorption curve was well fitted to the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of dye at optimum conditions was found to be 60 mg/L. Langmuir adsorption isotherms have been analysed and it gives high correlation factor (R2 > 0.98). Kinetic study shows that the adsorption process follows pseudo second order reaction with good correlation factor (R2 > 0.99).

Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2018

GIS technology is used to estimate the spatial heterogeneity of the hydrological parameters of a ... more GIS technology is used to estimate the spatial heterogeneity of the hydrological parameters of a watershed. Hydrological models help to overcome the spatial variability and parameter uncertainties. Runoff is important parameter of hydrological cycle. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) which is a physical distributed model developed to forecast runoff, sediment, erosion and nutrient transport from agricultural watershed helps to understand the hydrology of a watershed with rainfall, temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and relative humidity. SWAT simulates better results in both gauged and ungauged watersheds. In the present paper, Krishna river catchment area known as Jurala watershed in Mahabubnagar district, Telangana state of South India is taken to study surface runoff from agricultural areas as this area receives less annual rainfall and agriculture is mostly dependent on seasonal rainfall. Soil has less water infiltration capacity and bottom layer calcium carbonate deposits make soil alkaline due to bore well irrigation. To suggest proper water conservation methods, understanding hydrology of this watershed is important. To simulate runoff from this agriculture watershed SWAT model is used for 11 years from 2000 to 2010. The results are calibrated with observed values.

Geospatial Modeling for Environmental Management, 2022

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020

Deltas and associated coastlines are amongst the most rapidly changing landscape features, as the... more Deltas and associated coastlines are amongst the most rapidly changing landscape features, as these are subjected to physical, geological, biological and environmental threats. One of the largest deltas of the world, Sundarbans is undoubtedly a vulnerable area from both the ecosystem and human sustainability angles. To protect such a sensitive ecosystem, a comprehensive strategy and action plan is therefore needed to ensure conservation of the environment while guaranteeing the inhabitants an adequate living standard. Such rigorous planning must follow reliable and scientific data and information. The present study aims to evaluate the primary physical and environmental parameters affecting the Indian Sundarbans, and it will help to assess the amount of erosion and accretion over the southern islands of Indian Sundarbans that directly faces the onshore tidal currents.

Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2018

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020

Present study explains the analysis of rice crop phenology using optical and SAR C-band of sentin... more Present study explains the analysis of rice crop phenology using optical and SAR C-band of sentinel satellite data. Rice crop phenology is understood and analyzed based on various backscattered polarization. It will be useful to estimate crop acreage when the optical sensors data is not available or with cloud cover. The study also gives information of various stages of rice crop starting from sowing to the harvesting stage, along with NDVI and soil moisture data from SOMS. Keywords Rice crop • Phenology • NDVI • Soil moisture • Sentinel 1 Introduction Rice is the staple food for 60% of the world's population. India is the world's second largest producer, and on an average, it produces about 106.5 million tons yearly. Analysis of rice crop phenology through ground measurement is usually time taking process, and hence, it can be acquired through remote sensing. The rice crop is grown in three stages-vegetative, reproductive and ripening stages [1]. Figure 1 shows the transplantation of rice phenology stages. Remote sensing analysis is the most suitable way for the estimation of rice crop yield, and it is low cost-effective to detect the large area crop classification, cropping pattern with temporal resolution. Change detection in the crops can be identified due to the growth in the physical characteristics of the plants. Different species of rice crop has its own changes in height, crop canopy cover, biomass, water intake, maturity stages and even in cropping pattern [2].

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2018

Alteration in Land use land cover (LULC) and its causes have been measured using remote sensing w... more Alteration in Land use land cover (LULC) and its causes have been measured using remote sensing while mapping of a range of LULC and their variations in spatial and temporal scales were studied using Geographical Information System (GIS). A maximum likelihood classification (MLC) algorithm has been used to classify five land cover classes. The study shows that from 2001 to 2011 water body, forest cover and barren land were decreased whereas, agriculture land and built up area was increased by 21.38% and 53.6% respectively. In between 2011 to 2015, there has been a significant increase in water body which led to an increase in agricultural land. The rate of decrease in forest cover observed in all these years was almost the same. The built-up area doubled in the year 2015 as compared to 2011. It was found that during 2015 to 2018 water body was increased by 5%. But built up area got increased almost twice and the barren land was decreased by 7.25% whereas, the forest cover reduced to...

Earth Science Informatics, 2021

The AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data consists of continuous spectral bands with low bandwidth, Sentin... more The AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data consists of continuous spectral bands with low bandwidth, Sentinel-2 multispectral image has less number of bands with higher bandwidth. Several studies are carried out to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) of hyperspectral data. The studies considered a single band in the red and NIR region of hyperspectral data. In this present study, NDVI analysis is carried out by taking the mean reflectance of red and NIR wavelength region bands of the AVIRIS image. To choose the bands, a methodology is devised for AVIRIS image by analyzing and evaluating the NDVI between AVIRIS and Sentinel-2 image. The AVIRIS data consists of 7 red bands and 22 NIR bands. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between NDVI of all the 154 combinations of AVIRIS image bands and Sentinel-2 image is calculated for each Land Use Land Cover (LULC). Three mean NDVI are evaluated such as (i) mean of all bands reflectance; (ii) mean of band reflectance higher than [Mean...

This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for predictio... more This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for prediction of rainfall in Vellore (India). SVM is firmly based on the theory of statistical learning theory. RVM is a probabilistic basis model. SVM and RVM use air temperature (T), sunshine, humidity and wind speed (V a) as input variables. This article uses SVM and RVM as a regression technique. Equations have been also developed for prediction of rainfall. The developed RVM gives variance of the predicted rainfall. This study shows the RVM is more robust model than the SVM.

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017

The wastewater released by poultry businesses are portrayed for the most part by high biochemical... more The wastewater released by poultry businesses are portrayed for the most part by high biochemical oxygen request, high suspended solids and complex blend of fats, proteins and fibers requiring orderly treatment before transfer. Due to the increase in usage of water, waste water generation is high and also constitutes high concentration of pollutants comprising with wide range. Degree of treatment required for poultry processors and it have the option of utilising Physical, Chemical and Organic treatment frameworks. Every framework sort possesses unique treatment favourable circumstances and operational troubles. Among the diverse treatment, Reed Bed Treatment System is good alternative and effective system for treating the poultry waste water. This review article is focused performance of reed bed system, design consideration and remove methods.

The study identifies various growing stages of rice crop using multispectral data through red edg... more The study identifies various growing stages of rice crop using multispectral data through red edge analysis. The maximum reflectance values for 35, 66, 76, and 96 days which indicate vegetative phase, reproductive phase, reproductive phase and ripening phase are 0.17, 0.228, 0.231, and 0.266 respectively at the test site 1. For the test site-2, the same trends are followed. When the crop is in vegetative stage the reflectance values are less whereas, when the stage of crop is reproductive, adjacent to the vegetative, the values of reflectance are increasing significantly due to increase in trend in canopy. This type of spectral analysis approach can be adapted to generate spectral library which can be beneficial for future research purpose.

Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2021

Data Users Guide, 1993

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are useful digital representation of earth’s topographic relief t... more Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are useful digital representation of earth’s topographic relief that has developed as a result of interaction of earth’s internal and external process, over a long temporal scale. However, accuracy of the extracted information and parameters highly rests on the quality (resolution) of input DEMs. Therefore, this book is presented to study a comparison between 30m-ASTER and 90m-SRTM DEMs is carried out in order to ascertain their suitability and accuracy for geomorphological analysis. A comparison is also done with SRTM 90 resampled to 30m to emphasise the importance of resolution, where in the extracted parameters were found to be similar to that obtained with that of ASTER 30 DEM. Geomorphological parameters related to drainage patterns and basin morphology have been compared over varying topographic relief. Besides the resolution, the thresholding of the flow accumulation or drainage area was also found to strongly control the morphometric results, which was in turn controlled by the resolution of the DEM.

Journal of Rural Development, 2018

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2015

Resampling is the method of creating new pixels of different pixel size with respect to the origi... more Resampling is the method of creating new pixels of different pixel size with respect to the original, using some interpolation technique from some existing pixels. Sometimes, the process may be as simple as duplication. Various approaches have been made to classify terrain based on the DEMs. To classify DEMs based on the slope into morphometric classes such as peak, ridges, pass, plane, channel & pits The main objective of the study is to compare the different morphometric results obtained for ASTER, SRTM 90 and SRTM 30 DEMs. The highlight is how the parameters from the resampled DEM appreciably agree with that of the original DEM of the same resolution, implying the importance of the resolution. In morphometric analysis, artifacts due to erroneous measurement techniques may be overlooked upon.

Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 2017

Quantifying and modeling of stream network using DEMs is the primary objective to understand eart... more Quantifying and modeling of stream network using DEMs is the primary objective to understand earth surface processes. In the present study, DEMs of different quality, i.e. resolution, are evaluated for stream network quantification and modeling. The results are very encouraging in terms of the shape and geometry of the stream network. They emphasize the strong control of the DEM resolution and thresholding of flow accumulation/drainage area. Further, comparisons of the various morphometric parameters are also quite promising. The study highlights different relationships between various morphometric parameters obtained from the two DEMs used, thereby paving the way for the use of DEMs of different resolutions, interchangeably.

This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for predictio... more This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for prediction of rainfall in Vellore (India). SVM is firmly based on the theory of statistical learning theory. RVM is a probabilistic basis model. SVM and RVM use air temperature (T), sunshine, humidity and wind speed (V a) as input variables. This article uses SVM and RVM as a regression technique. Equations have been also developed for prediction of rainfall. The developed RVM gives variance of the predicted rainfall. This study shows the RVM is more robust model than the SVM.

Annals of GIS, 2006

ABSTRACT

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020

Nowadays due to the change in climatic conditions and proliferation in sea level, the coastlines ... more Nowadays due to the change in climatic conditions and proliferation in sea level, the coastlines are under high threat. The Gujarat coastline is studied in the current work. It is the longest coastline in India and is highly vulnerable to cyclones, earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc. These facts show the relevance of the present research. The parameters based on which the coastal vulnerability index is laid include seven physical parameters and one social parameter. The seven physical parameters are rate of shoreline change, coastal slope, coastal elevation, geomorphology, significant wave height, tidal range, sea level rise, and the social parameter is population density. The additional parameters used in this study, to increase the accuracy of the vulnerability index are coastal elevation, rise in sea level, and population density. The study is done using geospatial data and various other models and is analyzed with the help of geospatial tools. The high-resolution Cartosat DEM data is used to analyze the coastal elevation and makes this study stand out from the previous studies. Using the risk rating of each parameter, the coastal vulnerability index is prepared and it divides the coast into four zones, that is, very highly vulnerable, highly vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, and low vulnerable. According to the analysis, about 43.5% of the coastline is under highly vulnerable zone and about 1% is under very highly vulnerable zone. The study shows that the area under high erosion is basically tidal flats and mangroves.

Coastal waters are showing deteriorating trend in its quality. This leads to the damage of marine... more Coastal waters are showing deteriorating trend in its quality. This leads to the damage of marine ecosystems and interferes in its normal use. In order to tackle this issue, it is important to know about the extent of pollution. Conventional method of water quality estimation includes analysis of water samples from various locations. This is a tiresome and costly process limiting its application to small scales and accessible sampling sites. In this paper, an attempt has been made to quickly estimate the concentration of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PHC) and counts of Total Coliform (TC) which are important water quality parameters, along the south west coast of India. This study formulated satellite data-based multiple regression equations for determining the count of total coliform bacteria and concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons. The sea surface temperature and remote sensing reflectance values of different bands of MODIS sensor along with field values were used in the process. Th...

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2017

AIM: The aim of the present study was to prepare natural adsorbent from sugar cane bagasse modifi... more AIM: The aim of the present study was to prepare natural adsorbent from sugar cane bagasse modified with propionic acid for the removal of basic dye ‘Methylene Blue’ from synthetic wastewater. OBJECTIVE: Adsorption experiments were performed to determine the optimum conditions of time, adsorbent dosage, adsorbent size, agitation speed, dye concentration and pH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sugarcane bagasse was procured and washed thoroughly with water. The bagasse was dried in sun for two days (Nevine 2008). It was then oven dried for 24 hours at 120 °C temperature (Hajira et al. 2012). The bagasse was crushed in the mixer until it turned fine powder and sieved to the sizes of 0.6, 0.3 and 0.15 mm. The efficiency of adsorption was influenced by various factors such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, size of the adsorbent, concentration of dye, pH and rpm. Each factor was optimized experimentally. BACKGROUND: The release of coloured waste water in to the natural streams such as rivers causes severe problems in the aquatic environment. The presence of dyes will absorb and reflect the sunlight entering the water thus hindering the process of photosynthesis in plants. This will reduce the water quality in natural streams and it also affects the human health. The dyes can also cause allergic diseases, skin irritations, cancer and mutations. RESULTS: The results indicated that the adsorbent showed good sorption potential and maximum dye removal was observed at pH 7.Within 8 minutes of operation about 81.5% of the dye was removed from the solution. The sorption curve was well fitted to the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of dye at optimum conditions was found to be 60 mg/L. Langmuir adsorption isotherms have been analysed and it gives high correlation factor (R2 > 0.98). Kinetic study shows that the adsorption process follows pseudo second order reaction with good correlation factor (R2 > 0.99).

Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2018

GIS technology is used to estimate the spatial heterogeneity of the hydrological parameters of a ... more GIS technology is used to estimate the spatial heterogeneity of the hydrological parameters of a watershed. Hydrological models help to overcome the spatial variability and parameter uncertainties. Runoff is important parameter of hydrological cycle. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) which is a physical distributed model developed to forecast runoff, sediment, erosion and nutrient transport from agricultural watershed helps to understand the hydrology of a watershed with rainfall, temperature, solar radiation, wind speed and relative humidity. SWAT simulates better results in both gauged and ungauged watersheds. In the present paper, Krishna river catchment area known as Jurala watershed in Mahabubnagar district, Telangana state of South India is taken to study surface runoff from agricultural areas as this area receives less annual rainfall and agriculture is mostly dependent on seasonal rainfall. Soil has less water infiltration capacity and bottom layer calcium carbonate deposits make soil alkaline due to bore well irrigation. To suggest proper water conservation methods, understanding hydrology of this watershed is important. To simulate runoff from this agriculture watershed SWAT model is used for 11 years from 2000 to 2010. The results are calibrated with observed values.

Geospatial Modeling for Environmental Management, 2022

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020

Deltas and associated coastlines are amongst the most rapidly changing landscape features, as the... more Deltas and associated coastlines are amongst the most rapidly changing landscape features, as these are subjected to physical, geological, biological and environmental threats. One of the largest deltas of the world, Sundarbans is undoubtedly a vulnerable area from both the ecosystem and human sustainability angles. To protect such a sensitive ecosystem, a comprehensive strategy and action plan is therefore needed to ensure conservation of the environment while guaranteeing the inhabitants an adequate living standard. Such rigorous planning must follow reliable and scientific data and information. The present study aims to evaluate the primary physical and environmental parameters affecting the Indian Sundarbans, and it will help to assess the amount of erosion and accretion over the southern islands of Indian Sundarbans that directly faces the onshore tidal currents.

Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2018

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2020

Present study explains the analysis of rice crop phenology using optical and SAR C-band of sentin... more Present study explains the analysis of rice crop phenology using optical and SAR C-band of sentinel satellite data. Rice crop phenology is understood and analyzed based on various backscattered polarization. It will be useful to estimate crop acreage when the optical sensors data is not available or with cloud cover. The study also gives information of various stages of rice crop starting from sowing to the harvesting stage, along with NDVI and soil moisture data from SOMS. Keywords Rice crop • Phenology • NDVI • Soil moisture • Sentinel 1 Introduction Rice is the staple food for 60% of the world's population. India is the world's second largest producer, and on an average, it produces about 106.5 million tons yearly. Analysis of rice crop phenology through ground measurement is usually time taking process, and hence, it can be acquired through remote sensing. The rice crop is grown in three stages-vegetative, reproductive and ripening stages [1]. Figure 1 shows the transplantation of rice phenology stages. Remote sensing analysis is the most suitable way for the estimation of rice crop yield, and it is low cost-effective to detect the large area crop classification, cropping pattern with temporal resolution. Change detection in the crops can be identified due to the growth in the physical characteristics of the plants. Different species of rice crop has its own changes in height, crop canopy cover, biomass, water intake, maturity stages and even in cropping pattern [2].

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 2018

Alteration in Land use land cover (LULC) and its causes have been measured using remote sensing w... more Alteration in Land use land cover (LULC) and its causes have been measured using remote sensing while mapping of a range of LULC and their variations in spatial and temporal scales were studied using Geographical Information System (GIS). A maximum likelihood classification (MLC) algorithm has been used to classify five land cover classes. The study shows that from 2001 to 2011 water body, forest cover and barren land were decreased whereas, agriculture land and built up area was increased by 21.38% and 53.6% respectively. In between 2011 to 2015, there has been a significant increase in water body which led to an increase in agricultural land. The rate of decrease in forest cover observed in all these years was almost the same. The built-up area doubled in the year 2015 as compared to 2011. It was found that during 2015 to 2018 water body was increased by 5%. But built up area got increased almost twice and the barren land was decreased by 7.25% whereas, the forest cover reduced to...

Earth Science Informatics, 2021

The AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data consists of continuous spectral bands with low bandwidth, Sentin... more The AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data consists of continuous spectral bands with low bandwidth, Sentinel-2 multispectral image has less number of bands with higher bandwidth. Several studies are carried out to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) of hyperspectral data. The studies considered a single band in the red and NIR region of hyperspectral data. In this present study, NDVI analysis is carried out by taking the mean reflectance of red and NIR wavelength region bands of the AVIRIS image. To choose the bands, a methodology is devised for AVIRIS image by analyzing and evaluating the NDVI between AVIRIS and Sentinel-2 image. The AVIRIS data consists of 7 red bands and 22 NIR bands. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between NDVI of all the 154 combinations of AVIRIS image bands and Sentinel-2 image is calculated for each Land Use Land Cover (LULC). Three mean NDVI are evaluated such as (i) mean of all bands reflectance; (ii) mean of band reflectance higher than [Mean...

This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for predictio... more This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for prediction of rainfall in Vellore (India). SVM is firmly based on the theory of statistical learning theory. RVM is a probabilistic basis model. SVM and RVM use air temperature (T), sunshine, humidity and wind speed (V a) as input variables. This article uses SVM and RVM as a regression technique. Equations have been also developed for prediction of rainfall. The developed RVM gives variance of the predicted rainfall. This study shows the RVM is more robust model than the SVM.

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017

The wastewater released by poultry businesses are portrayed for the most part by high biochemical... more The wastewater released by poultry businesses are portrayed for the most part by high biochemical oxygen request, high suspended solids and complex blend of fats, proteins and fibers requiring orderly treatment before transfer. Due to the increase in usage of water, waste water generation is high and also constitutes high concentration of pollutants comprising with wide range. Degree of treatment required for poultry processors and it have the option of utilising Physical, Chemical and Organic treatment frameworks. Every framework sort possesses unique treatment favourable circumstances and operational troubles. Among the diverse treatment, Reed Bed Treatment System is good alternative and effective system for treating the poultry waste water. This review article is focused performance of reed bed system, design consideration and remove methods.

The study identifies various growing stages of rice crop using multispectral data through red edg... more The study identifies various growing stages of rice crop using multispectral data through red edge analysis. The maximum reflectance values for 35, 66, 76, and 96 days which indicate vegetative phase, reproductive phase, reproductive phase and ripening phase are 0.17, 0.228, 0.231, and 0.266 respectively at the test site 1. For the test site-2, the same trends are followed. When the crop is in vegetative stage the reflectance values are less whereas, when the stage of crop is reproductive, adjacent to the vegetative, the values of reflectance are increasing significantly due to increase in trend in canopy. This type of spectral analysis approach can be adapted to generate spectral library which can be beneficial for future research purpose.

Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2021

Data Users Guide, 1993

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are useful digital representation of earth’s topographic relief t... more Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are useful digital representation of earth’s topographic relief that has developed as a result of interaction of earth’s internal and external process, over a long temporal scale. However, accuracy of the extracted information and parameters highly rests on the quality (resolution) of input DEMs. Therefore, this book is presented to study a comparison between 30m-ASTER and 90m-SRTM DEMs is carried out in order to ascertain their suitability and accuracy for geomorphological analysis. A comparison is also done with SRTM 90 resampled to 30m to emphasise the importance of resolution, where in the extracted parameters were found to be similar to that obtained with that of ASTER 30 DEM. Geomorphological parameters related to drainage patterns and basin morphology have been compared over varying topographic relief. Besides the resolution, the thresholding of the flow accumulation or drainage area was also found to strongly control the morphometric results, which was in turn controlled by the resolution of the DEM.

Journal of Rural Development, 2018

International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 2015

Resampling is the method of creating new pixels of different pixel size with respect to the origi... more Resampling is the method of creating new pixels of different pixel size with respect to the original, using some interpolation technique from some existing pixels. Sometimes, the process may be as simple as duplication. Various approaches have been made to classify terrain based on the DEMs. To classify DEMs based on the slope into morphometric classes such as peak, ridges, pass, plane, channel & pits The main objective of the study is to compare the different morphometric results obtained for ASTER, SRTM 90 and SRTM 30 DEMs. The highlight is how the parameters from the resampled DEM appreciably agree with that of the original DEM of the same resolution, implying the importance of the resolution. In morphometric analysis, artifacts due to erroneous measurement techniques may be overlooked upon.

Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 2017

Quantifying and modeling of stream network using DEMs is the primary objective to understand eart... more Quantifying and modeling of stream network using DEMs is the primary objective to understand earth surface processes. In the present study, DEMs of different quality, i.e. resolution, are evaluated for stream network quantification and modeling. The results are very encouraging in terms of the shape and geometry of the stream network. They emphasize the strong control of the DEM resolution and thresholding of flow accumulation/drainage area. Further, comparisons of the various morphometric parameters are also quite promising. The study highlights different relationships between various morphometric parameters obtained from the two DEMs used, thereby paving the way for the use of DEMs of different resolutions, interchangeably.

This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for predictio... more This article adopts Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) for prediction of rainfall in Vellore (India). SVM is firmly based on the theory of statistical learning theory. RVM is a probabilistic basis model. SVM and RVM use air temperature (T), sunshine, humidity and wind speed (V a) as input variables. This article uses SVM and RVM as a regression technique. Equations have been also developed for prediction of rainfall. The developed RVM gives variance of the predicted rainfall. This study shows the RVM is more robust model than the SVM.

Annals of GIS, 2006

ABSTRACT