Pawan Kumar Chugan | Nirma University (original) (raw)
Pawan Kumar Chugan, Professor, Institute of Management, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Area: International Business, Economics, Supply Chain & Logistics Management
Email: pkchugan@imnu.ac.in and chuganpk@rediffmail.com
Prof. Chugan holds a first class M.A. degree in Economics from the University of Rajasthan; a Master of Population Studies (MPS) degree from Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) New Delhi, Ph. D. in Economics from Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi and a post masters Diploma in Economic Planning from Warsaw School of Economics, Poland. He has varied experience of over 37 years in trade, industry, teaching and research. Before joining the Institute of Management at Nirma University in September 2002, he was Manager, India Trade Promotion Organization (ITPO), where he worked in various capacities for more than 24 years in the area of International Business. He has also headed the Western Region office of Federation of Indian Export Organizations (FIEO), Mumbai as a Deputy Director General and also served as the Hon. Executive Secretary to India Iran Chamber of Commerce under the aegis of FIEO Mumbai. He has visited about 25 countries and implemented several export development programmes with financial assistance from international organizations like ITC/UNDP, CFTC/UKTA (London), JETRO (Tokyo) and Ministry of Commerce and has led industrial/trade delegations to Japan, Thailand, South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Argentina and Chile; and MBA students’ study cum business tours to China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea, USA and U. K. and has established several international linkages abroad.
A recipient of Polish Government’s Scholarship at Warsaw School of Economics and UGC’s Teachers Fellowship at JNU, New Delhi, Dr. Chugan has organized/chaired/participated in several international and national seminars/conferences/meetings, has to his credit six books and several papers published in national and international journals. He is a member of editorial advisory board of several journals such as the Monthly Journal on Advances in Management; Global Journal of Enterprise Information System; Indian Journal of Training and Development (IJTD); International Journal of Commerce, Economics and Research (IJCER); and Journal of Commerce, Economics and Research (JCER). He is a regional editor Asia for Journal of Global Business and Technology (JGBT), and is on the Board of Directors of the Global Business and Technology Association (GBATA) at State University of New York, USA.
He has also been appointed as Editor-in-Chief for Universal Journal of Industrial & Business Management published by Horizon Research Publishing (HRPUB), Corporation, Alhambra, CA, USA. He is a Ph.D. guide at Nirma University and Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya (University) Gandhinagar, and International Examiner for the Doctoral Thesis School of Business, University of Kwazulu, Natal, South Africa. As a visiting professor he has taught at Mazandaran University of Science and Technology (MUST), Babol, Iran; Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India (EDI), Gandhinagar; and Amity Global Business School, Ahmedabad and was an expert panel member/examiner of Institute of Company Secretaries of India. He is a member of several professional/management associations such as: Institute of Supply Management (ISM), Tempe, USA, Association of Indian Management Scholars (AIMS), Houston; Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), New Delhi; Indian Society of Training & Development (STD), New Delhi, Regional Science Association, India, Kolkata, All India Management Association (AIMA), New Delhi, and Universal Association of Computer and Electronics Engineers (UACEE) under the umbrella of The Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors ( IRED), Santa Barbara, California, USA. He has been the recipient of “Global Excellence Award” (two times 2007 and 2012) from the Global Business and Technology Association (GBATA), State University of New York at Old Westbury, USA. His research interest includes various topics / subjects under the mainstream of international business and economics.
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Papers by Pawan Kumar Chugan
International Journal of Management, Public Policy and Research
The History of International Financial Services Centers (IFSCs) is very long, dating back more th... more The History of International Financial Services Centers (IFSCs) is very long, dating back more than 150 years. Many countries established International Financial Centres (IFCs) to offer International Financial Services (IFS) at various stages of their economic growth. Over time, some of the important hubs for international financial services included London, Tokyo, New York, Hong Kong, Frankfurt and Singapore. These Centers created a large number of jobs and helped the economies of the countries in which they operate to grow. Around 119 centres have been established worldwide to meet the need for international financial services in over 196 countries (GFCI, 2015-2022). India's economy was opened in 1991, but capital account convertibility hasn't been achieved, therefore its influence on the world financial market is viewed as minimal. One of the world's largest economies and a significant consumer of IFS, India very recently announced the creation of IFSC in April 2015. ...
Electronics, a high involvement product (HIP), consists of 8 per cent in organized retail industr... more Electronics, a high involvement product (HIP), consists of 8 per cent in organized retail industry in India. This category is growing at a rapid pace with many players entering into organized format of retail in this category. Recently many players have also entered into online marketing of their products. Hence, competition in this category is increasing rapidly. This product category is such that other than technological differentiation there can be little means to differentiate them from competitors. In addition, customers think many factors before purchasing these products like price, brand, etc. This study was undertaken to find out whether visual product display and other display criteria affect the purchase behavior of customers of electronic product category, as it is a high involvement products (HIP). The dimensions of visual display that were taken for study of this topic were window display, store front, merchandise presentation, store layout and organization, shelf displ...
SSRN Electronic Journal, 1978
The evolution of the settlement pattern of any area is governed by a number of forces which vary ... more The evolution of the settlement pattern of any area is governed by a number of forces which vary from one region to another and hence, we get varying patterns in the spatial distribution of settlements. The conventional visual judgment of the settlement pattern as sparse, dispersed, agglomerated or dens has been replaced by more scientific characterization with the help of the nearest neighbour index. Nearest neighbour analysis (NND) helps in distinguishing three kinds of basic distribution of points, namely uniform (even), random and clustered. The problem of nearest neighbour distance analysis is that of finding a single index for any given pattern, running on a continuous scale, i.e. from extreme when all the points are clustered to the other extreme a situation in which all the points are distributed uniformly. In this paper an attempt has been made to discover whether statistically settlements have clustered, random or even distribution in Ahmedabad metropolitan region. The results obtained are then compared with the settlements pattern in Delhi Metropolitan region. The comparison between two regions highlights whether the distribution of settlements in the region under study is general or unique in nature or not.
Marketing Science eJournal, 2016
Differentiation of one’s offering in this competitive market becomes crucial. Furniture products ... more Differentiation of one’s offering in this competitive market becomes crucial. Furniture products till now were usually customized by Indian customers. Now, these products are also sold in organized market. National and international players have entered the market with their brands in this category. Hence, differentiation and positioning of these products becomes difficult as there is hardly any change in design and style. Visual merchandising is a unique technique to create differentiation as merchandise offered by retailers has lot of similarity. This study focuses on studying consumer perception for store visual merchandising. The dimensions used to measure consumer perception for furniture outlets of Ahmedabad viz @Home, Home Town, Durian, Godrej Interio and Housefull, are Window display is eye-catching, Atmospherics is excellent (Temperature, fragrance, lighting and music), Room Setting display is attractive, Merchandise display is creative, Fixtures are good, Signages are inte...
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
CGN: Shareholders in Corporate Governance (Topic), 2021
Returns depend upon decisions of investors, but investors biases challenge the ability to take ra... more Returns depend upon decisions of investors, but investors biases challenge the ability to take rational decisions. Study of biases and their relationships with personality traits helps to understand how biases originate, the way in which they possibly effect investors, and which personality types could be more susceptible to them. There are evidences that biases have relationships with personality traits of investors and this study focuses on one such relationship between framing bias and personality traits. Given the qualitative nature of variables under study, the relationship was established by statistically significant coefficients of logistic regression equation, where bias-variable was dependent and big five personality traits were independent. The score of personality trait, which had significant relationship, was cross tabulated with bias variable, the chi square test indicated a statistically significant relationship. The results lead to conclusion that an investor with hig...
Organizations these days are turning to develop systems which lead to high performance amongst em... more Organizations these days are turning to develop systems which lead to high performance amongst employees. Researchers are taking keen interest in this area to find out factors of HR systems that motivates employees to perform well or high. This study attempts to find out factors that generates high performance work system. The employees of organization under study were Ahmedabad Central Mall. Retail industry of India is growing fast. There is lot of competition that is increasing in different sectors of Indian retail. There is increase in organized retail, FDI in Indian retail; internet shopping, etc. is leading to many reforms in the industry. Hence, it is important to find ways employers encourage high performance in employees. With the help of structured questionnaire, employees were surveyed on various dimensions of HR. Factor analysis was run to find out important components of high performance work systems. There were eight factors that were reduced with different components. ...
Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has becom... more Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has become the cynosure of FDI in retail sector and policies are heading towards more liberalization to attract foreign investment. There are various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The study is aimed to “find out perception of consumers for apparel retail outlet in Ahmedabad”. Seven dimensions of visual merchandising viz. window display is excellent, atmospherics is excellent, product display is attractive, mannequin display is fantastic, fixtures are good, signages are good and props are good are studied and results reveal as to why visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores. The study will help store managers to improvise on the dimension a particular store is weak and consequently improve the perceptions of the consumers towards the store.
Exporting plays a crucial role in accelerating the growth and profitability of firms. It enables ... more Exporting plays a crucial role in accelerating the growth and profitability of firms. It enables them to achieve sustained competitive advantages. Interest in exporting is driven by the changing global economic scenario, liberalization, and emerging global competition. These reasons have contributed to the recent growth in research interest in the field of firm-level export performance and the major factor determining it. Existing research has certainly enhanced the understanding of firms’ export performance; however, work in this field is still evolving. Given the amount of export performance research over the years, the paper presents a review of literature to highlight the key advances in this field.Note: The full paper is uploaded for the ready reference of the researchers. The copyright of the paper rests with the publishers who have made full paper available on the internet. For the commercial use of this paper permission from the publisher is needed.
Universal Journal of Management, 2014
Adarsh Journal of Management Research, 2013
Technological developments in developing countries are governed by the nature of socio-economic s... more Technological developments in developing countries are governed by the nature of socio-economic structure of the countries concerned, and depend on factors like technological absorption capacities, administrative and management efficiencies, prevailing technological base, available R&D infrastructure and the availability of high level human resources. These governing factors in developing countries, in general, are at lower level or inferior when compared to the developed countries and therefore, the nature, scope, and quality of technology progress is different than that of developed nations. An important type of technical knowledge is exploratory/basic research, which starts with a small stock of accumulated knowledge and tries to make a substantial addition to it. The application of this sort of knowledge in developing countries is rare. The major thrust of industrial R&D and technological efforts in developing countries is, therefore, embodied in the capabilities of product/process development, adaptation and absorption. To test this hypothesis, an attempt has been made to study the R&D thrust of Indian automobile ancillary industry which has been keeping abreast with the latest developments in the vehicle industry.To analyse the nature, dimensions and thrust of R&D activities, the study has classified various R&D activities into seven categories viz. development (diversification), absorption, adaptation, updation, indigenisation (import substitution), trouble shooting and quality control. The findings of this study reiterate that in the context of developing countries, R&D activities are primarily directed towards development (not innovation), absorption (not creation), adaptation and updation. Planned indigenisation/import substitution programmes, in consonance with liberal technology import have accelerated the limited R&D activities in line with material substitution, improvements in product designs/modifications, intelligent imitations with minor modifications, etc. Thus, more emphasis has been placed on product adaptations. Thrust of absorption is found in units have foreign technology to suit with the local conditions, the process, however, has been rather slow and continued dependence on technology suppliers has been reported widely. Quality control truly has been considered a basic necessity irrespective of the unit having or not its own separate quality control section. Towards the end, certain recommendations are made regarding further efforts to be made to make in-house R&D more absorptive, adaptive, innovative and creative with more R&D investments in this particular industry.
The comparatively fresh emergence of relationship marketing paradigm in the field of marketing ma... more The comparatively fresh emergence of relationship marketing paradigm in the field of marketing management highlights the growing need to manage, develop and evaluate relationships amongst the buyers and suppliers. In international business context, the same holds good for relationship quality between exporters and importers, which in turn also acts as an important determinant of firms’ export performance. The present study is an empirical attempt towards examining the effect of relationship marketing, between the exporting firms and the importers, on export performance. It aims to throw light on the exporting firms’ awareness regarding relationship marketing, along with increasing their understanding about the concept's utility in handling foreign market operations. Sample for the study is drawn from small and medium sized exporting firms operational in Gujarat State of India.
International transfer pricing controversies and subsequent litigations with taxation authorities... more International transfer pricing controversies and subsequent litigations with taxation authorities have become the major issues in foreign investments and international technology transfers. Disputes between the taxation authorities and MNCs are mounting up as most of the MNCs are now contesting the demands raised by the taxation offices in host countries for the alleged violation of transfer pricing norms. Advance Pricing Arrangement (APA) is one such system that provides transparency, saves time and cost for both the taxation authorities and MNCs and paves the way for smooth flow of foreign investments and international technology transfers. A number of developed as also the developing countries like China have already adopted the APA system. Many other countries including India, however, still have been exploring the possibilities to adopt APA system. In this context this paper describes the concepts of transfer pricing and advance pricing arrangement and explains how taxation policies can motivate the MNCs to determine transfer pricing. Further, it explains as to how it is important for India to adopt advance pricing arrangement (APA) in the present global environment if she has to attract more foreign investments and international technology transfers.
ABSTRACT One of the important issues in the areas of international taxation, international techno... more ABSTRACT One of the important issues in the areas of international taxation, international technology transfer and foreign investment by the MNCs that has been drawing greater attention of tax authorities worldwide is the issue of transfer pricing i.e. the compensation paid for intra-group services to related units of MNCs. Though the initial focus of transfer pricing audit by taxation authority was used to check the abuse of transfer pricing by manufacturing industries, with the growing entry of service MNCs in the global arena, more particularly in the field of financial services such as banking and insurance, where there is lot of scope of tax evasion, taxation authorities are tightening their grips to audit transfer pricing issues with respect to these services. In this direction, this paper captures the concept of transfer pricing while quoting a few evidences of its abuse by MNCs, describes its scope in the area of banking and insurance sectors vis-à-vis underscores the Indian legislation on transfer pricing and describes the firm specific implications so that the concerned tax payers (MNCs) may adopt suitable tax planning approach, maintain proper information and documentation and escape form heavy penalties and harassment. At the end, it has been suggested MNCs should go for Advance Pricing Arrangement (APA), which is under active consideration by the Indian taxation authority. The paper also highlights the advantages of APA system and recommends its inclusion in Indian transfer pricing legislation at the earliest as it will prove beneficial for both taxpayers (MNCs) and taxation authority.
ABSTRACT The Government of India for the first time in 2001 introduced the transfer price regulat... more ABSTRACT The Government of India for the first time in 2001 introduced the transfer price regulations in the country with the transfer pricing audits effectively beginning from 2003 onwards. The onerous documentation requirements and stringent penalties prescribed by the regulations were a cause of concern for taxpayers for their international business transactions and this area of dispute between the taxation authority and companies has emerged as a single biggest source of courtroom battle. There has been stringent demand from the tax specialists and industry that the government to announce a clear-cut advance pricing mechanism to decide about the values of international transactions between the related parties. The Union Budget 2009 and New Code on direct taxation have introduced a few proactive and well thought out measures that can resolve the transfer pricing disputes. In this new scenario, an attempt has been made in this paper to put together and describe the concept of Transfer Pricing, Abuse of transfer pricing, Arm’s length Pricing, Safe Harbour, Advance Pricing Arrangements (APAs), Type of APAs, Benefits and Shortcomings of APAs and Amendments brought out/proposed to be brought out in TP rules. Further, the paper underscores – the implications of the proposed changes in the transfer price regulations vis-à-vis suggestions for the same and concludes that the APA mechanism will benefit both the MNCs and tax administration and will attract more foreign investment in the country.
... 494-509, Bindi Mehta, Nityesh Bhatt, eds., Excel Books, New Delhi, January 2011. Available at... more ... 494-509, Bindi Mehta, Nityesh Bhatt, eds., Excel Books, New Delhi, January 2011. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1767695. Export to: BibTeX Export Citation What's this? Contact Information. Pawan Kumar Chugan (Contact Author). ...
ABSTRACT Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed ... more ABSTRACT Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has become the cynosure of FDI in retail sector and policies are heading towards more liberalization to attract foreign investment. There are various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The study is aimed to find out impact of visual merchandising on the buying behavior of the customers visiting “Central Malls”. Four dimensions of visual merchandising viz. window display, in-store form/mannequin display, floor merchandising and promotional signage are studied and results reveal as to why visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores. The study also reveals the dimensions of visual merchandising that are important and increase impulse buying of the consumers visiting the stores.
ABSTRACT The costs of doing business internationally are many. Economizing on such costs is essen... more ABSTRACT The costs of doing business internationally are many. Economizing on such costs is essential to be globally competitive. In this context, a rather overlooked area of cost reduction is the refund of global VAT incurred abroad on business expenses. A large number of exporters across the world do not claim such refunds either due to ignorance or because of legal and complex procedures involved in applying for such refunds. In this regard, this paper presents an exploratory attempt to understand the awareness and experiences on global VAT refunds from the exporters of Gujarat State of India vis-à-vis aims at creating awareness amongst the exporting community for availing such legitimate refunds and sets out an agenda for future detailed research on this hitherto unexplored subject.
ABSTRACT The demand of eco-friendly or ‘green’ products and services has experienced considerable... more ABSTRACT The demand of eco-friendly or ‘green’ products and services has experienced considerable growth rates in recent years ranging from agricultural produce, clothing, and consumer electronics to real estate. Various studies for these products have identified that there is increasing willingness of customers to pay a price premium. This trend is supported by increased level of awareness regarding the environmental impact of production and consumption patterns. Real Estate sector consumes higher level of resources, during construction and thereafter hence, contributes in carbon dioxide emissions. Green building construction primarily involves the design, construction, and operation of buildings and other facilities in ways that preserve natural resources and protect the environment for generations to come. The real estate development industry’s rapidly growing interest in green buildings in many parts of the world confirms that market forces are leading more developers to adopt sustainable building techniques. Green buildings not only produce substantial operating savings, but also contribute in creating market value, improve health of building occupants and increase productivity. However, the greatest challenge faced by developers and buyers is lack of awareness about the benefits and opportunities of green buildings. This research paper uses primary research analyses and reveals the awareness and preferences of real estate developers to adopt green building designs. It also investigates the issues and challenges they face regarding factors like premium pricing, lack of awareness, consumer interest, etc.
International Journal of Management, Public Policy and Research
The History of International Financial Services Centers (IFSCs) is very long, dating back more th... more The History of International Financial Services Centers (IFSCs) is very long, dating back more than 150 years. Many countries established International Financial Centres (IFCs) to offer International Financial Services (IFS) at various stages of their economic growth. Over time, some of the important hubs for international financial services included London, Tokyo, New York, Hong Kong, Frankfurt and Singapore. These Centers created a large number of jobs and helped the economies of the countries in which they operate to grow. Around 119 centres have been established worldwide to meet the need for international financial services in over 196 countries (GFCI, 2015-2022). India's economy was opened in 1991, but capital account convertibility hasn't been achieved, therefore its influence on the world financial market is viewed as minimal. One of the world's largest economies and a significant consumer of IFS, India very recently announced the creation of IFSC in April 2015. ...
Electronics, a high involvement product (HIP), consists of 8 per cent in organized retail industr... more Electronics, a high involvement product (HIP), consists of 8 per cent in organized retail industry in India. This category is growing at a rapid pace with many players entering into organized format of retail in this category. Recently many players have also entered into online marketing of their products. Hence, competition in this category is increasing rapidly. This product category is such that other than technological differentiation there can be little means to differentiate them from competitors. In addition, customers think many factors before purchasing these products like price, brand, etc. This study was undertaken to find out whether visual product display and other display criteria affect the purchase behavior of customers of electronic product category, as it is a high involvement products (HIP). The dimensions of visual display that were taken for study of this topic were window display, store front, merchandise presentation, store layout and organization, shelf displ...
SSRN Electronic Journal, 1978
The evolution of the settlement pattern of any area is governed by a number of forces which vary ... more The evolution of the settlement pattern of any area is governed by a number of forces which vary from one region to another and hence, we get varying patterns in the spatial distribution of settlements. The conventional visual judgment of the settlement pattern as sparse, dispersed, agglomerated or dens has been replaced by more scientific characterization with the help of the nearest neighbour index. Nearest neighbour analysis (NND) helps in distinguishing three kinds of basic distribution of points, namely uniform (even), random and clustered. The problem of nearest neighbour distance analysis is that of finding a single index for any given pattern, running on a continuous scale, i.e. from extreme when all the points are clustered to the other extreme a situation in which all the points are distributed uniformly. In this paper an attempt has been made to discover whether statistically settlements have clustered, random or even distribution in Ahmedabad metropolitan region. The results obtained are then compared with the settlements pattern in Delhi Metropolitan region. The comparison between two regions highlights whether the distribution of settlements in the region under study is general or unique in nature or not.
Marketing Science eJournal, 2016
Differentiation of one’s offering in this competitive market becomes crucial. Furniture products ... more Differentiation of one’s offering in this competitive market becomes crucial. Furniture products till now were usually customized by Indian customers. Now, these products are also sold in organized market. National and international players have entered the market with their brands in this category. Hence, differentiation and positioning of these products becomes difficult as there is hardly any change in design and style. Visual merchandising is a unique technique to create differentiation as merchandise offered by retailers has lot of similarity. This study focuses on studying consumer perception for store visual merchandising. The dimensions used to measure consumer perception for furniture outlets of Ahmedabad viz @Home, Home Town, Durian, Godrej Interio and Housefull, are Window display is eye-catching, Atmospherics is excellent (Temperature, fragrance, lighting and music), Room Setting display is attractive, Merchandise display is creative, Fixtures are good, Signages are inte...
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
CGN: Shareholders in Corporate Governance (Topic), 2021
Returns depend upon decisions of investors, but investors biases challenge the ability to take ra... more Returns depend upon decisions of investors, but investors biases challenge the ability to take rational decisions. Study of biases and their relationships with personality traits helps to understand how biases originate, the way in which they possibly effect investors, and which personality types could be more susceptible to them. There are evidences that biases have relationships with personality traits of investors and this study focuses on one such relationship between framing bias and personality traits. Given the qualitative nature of variables under study, the relationship was established by statistically significant coefficients of logistic regression equation, where bias-variable was dependent and big five personality traits were independent. The score of personality trait, which had significant relationship, was cross tabulated with bias variable, the chi square test indicated a statistically significant relationship. The results lead to conclusion that an investor with hig...
Organizations these days are turning to develop systems which lead to high performance amongst em... more Organizations these days are turning to develop systems which lead to high performance amongst employees. Researchers are taking keen interest in this area to find out factors of HR systems that motivates employees to perform well or high. This study attempts to find out factors that generates high performance work system. The employees of organization under study were Ahmedabad Central Mall. Retail industry of India is growing fast. There is lot of competition that is increasing in different sectors of Indian retail. There is increase in organized retail, FDI in Indian retail; internet shopping, etc. is leading to many reforms in the industry. Hence, it is important to find ways employers encourage high performance in employees. With the help of structured questionnaire, employees were surveyed on various dimensions of HR. Factor analysis was run to find out important components of high performance work systems. There were eight factors that were reduced with different components. ...
Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has becom... more Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has become the cynosure of FDI in retail sector and policies are heading towards more liberalization to attract foreign investment. There are various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The study is aimed to “find out perception of consumers for apparel retail outlet in Ahmedabad”. Seven dimensions of visual merchandising viz. window display is excellent, atmospherics is excellent, product display is attractive, mannequin display is fantastic, fixtures are good, signages are good and props are good are studied and results reveal as to why visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores. The study will help store managers to improvise on the dimension a particular store is weak and consequently improve the perceptions of the consumers towards the store.
Exporting plays a crucial role in accelerating the growth and profitability of firms. It enables ... more Exporting plays a crucial role in accelerating the growth and profitability of firms. It enables them to achieve sustained competitive advantages. Interest in exporting is driven by the changing global economic scenario, liberalization, and emerging global competition. These reasons have contributed to the recent growth in research interest in the field of firm-level export performance and the major factor determining it. Existing research has certainly enhanced the understanding of firms’ export performance; however, work in this field is still evolving. Given the amount of export performance research over the years, the paper presents a review of literature to highlight the key advances in this field.Note: The full paper is uploaded for the ready reference of the researchers. The copyright of the paper rests with the publishers who have made full paper available on the internet. For the commercial use of this paper permission from the publisher is needed.
Universal Journal of Management, 2014
Adarsh Journal of Management Research, 2013
Technological developments in developing countries are governed by the nature of socio-economic s... more Technological developments in developing countries are governed by the nature of socio-economic structure of the countries concerned, and depend on factors like technological absorption capacities, administrative and management efficiencies, prevailing technological base, available R&D infrastructure and the availability of high level human resources. These governing factors in developing countries, in general, are at lower level or inferior when compared to the developed countries and therefore, the nature, scope, and quality of technology progress is different than that of developed nations. An important type of technical knowledge is exploratory/basic research, which starts with a small stock of accumulated knowledge and tries to make a substantial addition to it. The application of this sort of knowledge in developing countries is rare. The major thrust of industrial R&D and technological efforts in developing countries is, therefore, embodied in the capabilities of product/process development, adaptation and absorption. To test this hypothesis, an attempt has been made to study the R&D thrust of Indian automobile ancillary industry which has been keeping abreast with the latest developments in the vehicle industry.To analyse the nature, dimensions and thrust of R&D activities, the study has classified various R&D activities into seven categories viz. development (diversification), absorption, adaptation, updation, indigenisation (import substitution), trouble shooting and quality control. The findings of this study reiterate that in the context of developing countries, R&D activities are primarily directed towards development (not innovation), absorption (not creation), adaptation and updation. Planned indigenisation/import substitution programmes, in consonance with liberal technology import have accelerated the limited R&D activities in line with material substitution, improvements in product designs/modifications, intelligent imitations with minor modifications, etc. Thus, more emphasis has been placed on product adaptations. Thrust of absorption is found in units have foreign technology to suit with the local conditions, the process, however, has been rather slow and continued dependence on technology suppliers has been reported widely. Quality control truly has been considered a basic necessity irrespective of the unit having or not its own separate quality control section. Towards the end, certain recommendations are made regarding further efforts to be made to make in-house R&D more absorptive, adaptive, innovative and creative with more R&D investments in this particular industry.
The comparatively fresh emergence of relationship marketing paradigm in the field of marketing ma... more The comparatively fresh emergence of relationship marketing paradigm in the field of marketing management highlights the growing need to manage, develop and evaluate relationships amongst the buyers and suppliers. In international business context, the same holds good for relationship quality between exporters and importers, which in turn also acts as an important determinant of firms’ export performance. The present study is an empirical attempt towards examining the effect of relationship marketing, between the exporting firms and the importers, on export performance. It aims to throw light on the exporting firms’ awareness regarding relationship marketing, along with increasing their understanding about the concept's utility in handling foreign market operations. Sample for the study is drawn from small and medium sized exporting firms operational in Gujarat State of India.
International transfer pricing controversies and subsequent litigations with taxation authorities... more International transfer pricing controversies and subsequent litigations with taxation authorities have become the major issues in foreign investments and international technology transfers. Disputes between the taxation authorities and MNCs are mounting up as most of the MNCs are now contesting the demands raised by the taxation offices in host countries for the alleged violation of transfer pricing norms. Advance Pricing Arrangement (APA) is one such system that provides transparency, saves time and cost for both the taxation authorities and MNCs and paves the way for smooth flow of foreign investments and international technology transfers. A number of developed as also the developing countries like China have already adopted the APA system. Many other countries including India, however, still have been exploring the possibilities to adopt APA system. In this context this paper describes the concepts of transfer pricing and advance pricing arrangement and explains how taxation policies can motivate the MNCs to determine transfer pricing. Further, it explains as to how it is important for India to adopt advance pricing arrangement (APA) in the present global environment if she has to attract more foreign investments and international technology transfers.
ABSTRACT One of the important issues in the areas of international taxation, international techno... more ABSTRACT One of the important issues in the areas of international taxation, international technology transfer and foreign investment by the MNCs that has been drawing greater attention of tax authorities worldwide is the issue of transfer pricing i.e. the compensation paid for intra-group services to related units of MNCs. Though the initial focus of transfer pricing audit by taxation authority was used to check the abuse of transfer pricing by manufacturing industries, with the growing entry of service MNCs in the global arena, more particularly in the field of financial services such as banking and insurance, where there is lot of scope of tax evasion, taxation authorities are tightening their grips to audit transfer pricing issues with respect to these services. In this direction, this paper captures the concept of transfer pricing while quoting a few evidences of its abuse by MNCs, describes its scope in the area of banking and insurance sectors vis-à-vis underscores the Indian legislation on transfer pricing and describes the firm specific implications so that the concerned tax payers (MNCs) may adopt suitable tax planning approach, maintain proper information and documentation and escape form heavy penalties and harassment. At the end, it has been suggested MNCs should go for Advance Pricing Arrangement (APA), which is under active consideration by the Indian taxation authority. The paper also highlights the advantages of APA system and recommends its inclusion in Indian transfer pricing legislation at the earliest as it will prove beneficial for both taxpayers (MNCs) and taxation authority.
ABSTRACT The Government of India for the first time in 2001 introduced the transfer price regulat... more ABSTRACT The Government of India for the first time in 2001 introduced the transfer price regulations in the country with the transfer pricing audits effectively beginning from 2003 onwards. The onerous documentation requirements and stringent penalties prescribed by the regulations were a cause of concern for taxpayers for their international business transactions and this area of dispute between the taxation authority and companies has emerged as a single biggest source of courtroom battle. There has been stringent demand from the tax specialists and industry that the government to announce a clear-cut advance pricing mechanism to decide about the values of international transactions between the related parties. The Union Budget 2009 and New Code on direct taxation have introduced a few proactive and well thought out measures that can resolve the transfer pricing disputes. In this new scenario, an attempt has been made in this paper to put together and describe the concept of Transfer Pricing, Abuse of transfer pricing, Arm’s length Pricing, Safe Harbour, Advance Pricing Arrangements (APAs), Type of APAs, Benefits and Shortcomings of APAs and Amendments brought out/proposed to be brought out in TP rules. Further, the paper underscores – the implications of the proposed changes in the transfer price regulations vis-à-vis suggestions for the same and concludes that the APA mechanism will benefit both the MNCs and tax administration and will attract more foreign investment in the country.
... 494-509, Bindi Mehta, Nityesh Bhatt, eds., Excel Books, New Delhi, January 2011. Available at... more ... 494-509, Bindi Mehta, Nityesh Bhatt, eds., Excel Books, New Delhi, January 2011. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1767695. Export to: BibTeX Export Citation What's this? Contact Information. Pawan Kumar Chugan (Contact Author). ...
ABSTRACT Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed ... more ABSTRACT Retail industry in India is booming and there is fierce competition. The country indeed has become the cynosure of FDI in retail sector and policies are heading towards more liberalization to attract foreign investment. There are various players in apparel segment in terms of lifestyle format. The study is aimed to find out impact of visual merchandising on the buying behavior of the customers visiting “Central Malls”. Four dimensions of visual merchandising viz. window display, in-store form/mannequin display, floor merchandising and promotional signage are studied and results reveal as to why visual merchandising is important for strategic marketing decisions to increase the sales of the stores. The study also reveals the dimensions of visual merchandising that are important and increase impulse buying of the consumers visiting the stores.
ABSTRACT The costs of doing business internationally are many. Economizing on such costs is essen... more ABSTRACT The costs of doing business internationally are many. Economizing on such costs is essential to be globally competitive. In this context, a rather overlooked area of cost reduction is the refund of global VAT incurred abroad on business expenses. A large number of exporters across the world do not claim such refunds either due to ignorance or because of legal and complex procedures involved in applying for such refunds. In this regard, this paper presents an exploratory attempt to understand the awareness and experiences on global VAT refunds from the exporters of Gujarat State of India vis-à-vis aims at creating awareness amongst the exporting community for availing such legitimate refunds and sets out an agenda for future detailed research on this hitherto unexplored subject.
ABSTRACT The demand of eco-friendly or ‘green’ products and services has experienced considerable... more ABSTRACT The demand of eco-friendly or ‘green’ products and services has experienced considerable growth rates in recent years ranging from agricultural produce, clothing, and consumer electronics to real estate. Various studies for these products have identified that there is increasing willingness of customers to pay a price premium. This trend is supported by increased level of awareness regarding the environmental impact of production and consumption patterns. Real Estate sector consumes higher level of resources, during construction and thereafter hence, contributes in carbon dioxide emissions. Green building construction primarily involves the design, construction, and operation of buildings and other facilities in ways that preserve natural resources and protect the environment for generations to come. The real estate development industry’s rapidly growing interest in green buildings in many parts of the world confirms that market forces are leading more developers to adopt sustainable building techniques. Green buildings not only produce substantial operating savings, but also contribute in creating market value, improve health of building occupants and increase productivity. However, the greatest challenge faced by developers and buyers is lack of awareness about the benefits and opportunities of green buildings. This research paper uses primary research analyses and reveals the awareness and preferences of real estate developers to adopt green building designs. It also investigates the issues and challenges they face regarding factors like premium pricing, lack of awareness, consumer interest, etc.
Global Recession to Global Recovery: ENHANCING ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH HUMAN CAPITAL A... more Global Recession to Global Recovery: ENHANCING ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH HUMAN CAPITAL AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
ISBN 978-93-81361-73-3, Pages – 496 + xx, Rs.1800,
US$ 80
About the book
The book contains the selected papers presented at the Nirma International Conference on Management (NICOM 2012) organized during January 05 – 07, 2012 at the Institute of Management, Nirma University, Ahmedabad on the theme Global Recession to Global Recovery: Opportunity, Challenges and Strategies for Sustainable Growth.
In this volume forty two selected papers primarily dealing with issues of organizational behavior, human resource, operations management, information technology and sector specific studies suggest strategies and prescribe policy implications during the transition period of recession to recovery to achieve sustainable growth. The topics like
Exploring the Role of Organization Culture on Industrial Relations in Indian Industries in a Global Recovery Period—A Literature Review; Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Study with Reference to Teachers of Postgraduate Departments of Sardar Patel University; A Study of Organizational Climate Factors and the Employee’s Behavior of Telecom Sector; Stress Management during Recession: A Study of Various Organizations in India; Student Satisfaction Survey: A Case Study of Indian B-School during Recovery; Impact of Internal Relationship Marketing on Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Private Banking Sector; Antecedents & Outcomes of Social Intelligence—A Cause and Effect Study; The Role of Organizational Cynicism as Moderator on Knowledge Sharing and Job Outcomes among Cross Functional Team Members; The Role of Readiness-for Change in Managing Knowledge Sharing Initiatives: A Case Study Grounded in Micro-Foundations; Glass Ceiling and its Impact on Career Development of Women Employees—A Conceptual Review; Communicating Spirituality at Workplace–Indian Way; Accelerating Human Resource Performance for Sustainable Growth: The Indian Textiles and Clothing Industry; A Study on the Effectiveness of Recreation Facilities Provided by Indian Oil Corporation Limited; Organizations of Tomorrow and the Future Work-Place: Knowledge and Talent on the Move; Building an Effective Performance Management System (PMS) to Enhance Organizational Capabilities; Performance Analysis of Sales People in Organized Retailing; Coping Skill–A Tool for Work Life Balance (WLB): Study with Reference to Hotel Industry; Indoctrination of Soft Skills: The Survival of Employability Skills Amongst Management Graduates; Talent Management-Valuing Human Asset—A Conceptual Study; Evaluating the Knowledge Management Practices: A Study of B-Schools in Gujarat; Reflections on Training and Development Initiatives at Work: A Case-Based Analysis; Managing Talent Exodus in the Chemical Industry of Valsad District; Global HR Benchmarking and Its Implications on Employees’ Performance: A Study of Indian Textile Industry; Career Management Opportunities for Entry-Level Managers; Building Human Capital for Sustainable Competitive Advantage; The Corporate or the Citizen Social Responsibility; Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Service Operations: Is it Achievable; Evolving Sustainability Paradigm in Outbound Logistics of Steel Sector: Mapping, Measurement and Reporting; Gap Analysis for Telecom Industry: Where is the Missing Link?; A Study on Development of Farmers: A Holistic Approach by Gujarat Agro Industries Corporation Ltd (GAIC); Selection Criteria for ERP for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME); Factors Affecting Usage of Internet Banking Services; Affordable Computing—An Approach to Create Sustainable IT Business an Exploratory Study; Sustainable Rural Development through ICT & E-Governance in India; Importance of Pedagogy in Preparing MBA Participants to Cope with Business Environment Challenges; Performance Effects of Public vs. Private Ownership—A Case Study of Kandla Port Trust and Gujarat Adani Port Ltd.; Enhancement of the Capability of Educators through Capacity Building Process; A Study on the Social Accountability 8000 Standard (SA8000), with Special Reference to NALCO, Bhubaneswar; Usability of AHP Model for Supplier Selection: An Industrial Case; Exploring the Bullwhip Effect: A Study of Cause and Effect in New Business Scenario; An Empirical Study on Factors Affecting ERP Project Implementations in Sri Lankan Organizations; Crowdsourcing-New Production and Problem Solving Model in Networked Economy, etc. have been grouped in sub-themes of the conference and included in the two sections of the book viz. Section I: Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management and Section II: Operations Management, Information Technology and Sector Specific Issues.
In the backdrop of global recession to recovery, the contributions made by national and international scholars highlight the various issues and the nexus between them that are emerging in the global economic environment and have addressed the role of management in implementing them for sustainable growth and development. The readers will find that the scholars have also logically underscored the factors behind these issues and put forward notable policy implications, which are extremely relevant for the current debate on recession to recovery and sustainability with respect to trade, finance and investment. The economists, researchers, teachers, policy-makers, executive of various enterprises, management consultants and the representatives of trade and industry will find the collection of these papers as thought provoking for further research in their respective areas of interest.
________________________________________________
Edited by – Prof. Sameer S Pingle and Prof.(Dr.) Pawan K. Chugan
First Edition – 2012
EXCEL INDIA PUBLISHERS 61/28 Dalpat Singh Building, Pratik Market, Munirka, New Delhi -110067
Global Recession to Global Recovery: MACRO AND MICRO DYNAMICS OF TRADE, FINANCE AND INVESTMENT ... more Global Recession to Global Recovery:
MACRO AND MICRO DYNAMICS OF TRADE, FINANCE AND INVESTMENT
ISBN 978-93-81361-72-6 , Pages – 462 + xxi, Rs.1800, US$ 80
About the book
The book contains the selected papers presented at the Nirma International Conference on Management (NICOM 2012) organized during January 05 – 01, 2012 at the Institute of Management, Nirma University, Ahmedabad on the theme Global Recession to Global Recovery: Opportunity, Challenges and Strategies for Sustainable Growth.
Thirty four selected papers primarily dealing with issues of trade, finance and investment suggest strategies and prescribe policy implications during the transition period of recession to recovery to achieve sustainable growth. The topics like Analytical Study on Indian Health Insurance Sector and its Sustainability; The Intra Day Volatility Discovery Process using Extreme-Value Estimators and Financial Models; Efficient Market Hypothesis and Impact of Public Information on Stock Market: A Review of Literature; Examining Investors Rationality & the Psychological Dilemma: A Behavioral Perspective; Popularity of Plastic Money: A study of Surat City; A Study on Performance of Self Help Groups in Visakhapatnam; Merger and Acquisition Announcement Effects on Shareholder Wealth: A Case Study of Dabur India Ltd and Fem Care Pharma Ltd.; Performance Evaluation of Nationalized Banks using Input Oriented Data Envelopment Analysis; Impact of Mergers & Acquisition on Shareholder’s Wealth & Stock Risk; Stock Market Reactions to Corporate Capital Expenditure Announcements: An Evidence from BSE Listed Companies; Filter Rule and Expected Returns during Recession Followed by Recovery: Empirical Evidence for Nifty 50 from Indian Market; Financial Market Failure or Triumphs of the Speculative Market?; Merger Announcements and Abnormal Returns: A Study of Recent Mergers in India; Financial Inclusion in India: An Initiative for Growth; Behavioral Issues Effecting Individual Investment Decisions; A Comparative Investigation of Impact of Dividend Announcement in Recessions and Recovery on Stock Prices using Event Study Approach; Financial Performance of Textile and Apparel Segment of the Indian Retail Sector: An Application of ‘Z’-Score Analysis; Risk Return in Indian Stocks: A Comparative Study of Key Perceptions; Empirical Analysis of Tracking Error of Gold Exchange Traded Funds in India; Fiscal Stimulus Packages: Recovery from the Global Crisis; Study on Gold’s Inflation Battle in Indian Economy; Impact of Global Economic Crisis on the Indian Economic System; The European Long-Term Crisis–Transforming the Economy and Marketing: The Hungarian Case; Impact of Global Financial Crisis on Asian Market Endogeneity; Growth Performance of World Economy during Recent Global Recession: What do the ECONOMIST Data Tell us?; Subsidies in India: Evolution & Relationship with Macroeconomic Indicators; An Empirical Study of Macroeconomic FDI Determinants of India and China-Opportunities and Strategies for India; Preliminary Estimation of Welfare Loss from Cross Subsidy in Electricity Sector in India; Migrant Workers and Mode 4; Trade in Services under GATS: A Case of India’s Higher Education; Indian Outbound Tourists’ Perceptions of Select ASEAN Destinations; Indian Agriculture and WTO: Developing Strategies for Sustainable Growth and Global Competitiveness; Evaluation of Corporate Green Initiatives towards Sustainability: An Empirical Study of Selected Industries in India; Corporate Governance and Risk & Return Analysis with Reference to Banking Industry in India, etc. have been grouped in three sub-themes of the conference and included in the three sections of the book viz. Section I: Finance and Banking, Section II: Economics and Section III: Global Trade, WTO and Corporate Governance.
In the backdrop of global recession to recovery, the contributions made by national and international scholars highlight the various issues and the nexus between them that are emerging in the global economic environment and have addressed the role of management in implementing them for sustainable growth and development. The readers will find that the scholars have also logically underscored the factors behind these issues and put forward notable policy implications, which are extremely relevant for the current debate on recession to recovery and sustainability with respect to trade, finance and investment. The economists, researchers, teachers, policy-makers, executive of various enterprises, management consultants and the representatives of trade and industry will find the collection of these papers as thought provoking for further research in their respective areas of interest.
________________________________________________
Edited by – Prof.(Dr.) Pawan K. Chugan and Prof. Sameer S Pingle
First Edition – 2012
EXCEL INDIA PUBLISHERS 61/28 Dalpat Singh Building, Pratik Market, Munirka, New Delhi -110067
Global Recession to Global Recovery: EPOCH STRATEGIES FOR MARKETING, FAMILY BUSINESS AND ENTREP... more Global Recession to Global Recovery:
EPOCH STRATEGIES FOR MARKETING, FAMILY BUSINESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
_____
ISBN 978-93-81361-68-9 Pages – 462 + xix Rs.1800
_________________ US$ 80___
About the book
The book contains the selected papers presented at the Nirma International Conference on Management (NICOM 2012) organized during January 05 – 07, 2012 at the Institute of Management, Nirma University, Ahmedabad on the theme Global Recession to Global Recovery: Opportunity, Challenges and Strategies for Sustainable Growth.
In this volume thirty six selected papers primarily dealing with issues of marketing, family business and entrepreneurship suggest strategies and prescribe policy implications during the transition period of recession to recovery to achieve sustainable growth. The topics like Consumer Behavior toward Real Estate with Special Reference to Raipur Real Estate Market; Impact of Shopping Experience on Customers’ Repatronage Intentions and Influence of Gender; Insights into Anthropomorphism and its Impact on Consumer Buying Behavior; Bollywood vs. Hollywood: A Comparative Analysis of Consumer Preferences of Selected Determinants in India; A Comparative Study of Brand Building Activities of Oil Marketing Companies in India with Their Western Counterparts; Counterfeits of Luxury Brands: Study of Predictors of Consumers’ Attitude; Customer Centricity–The Indian Strategic Context Pre and Post Recession; The Effect of Globalization, Global Brands and Rural Marketing Strategies on the Rural Consumer; Managing Luxury Brands in Turbulent Times; Surviving Recession: Lessons from Indian Grocery Buyers; Eco-literacy and Customer Purchase Intention Towards Green Products; Social Media–The Final Frontier in Customer Experience Management; A Study on Customer Satisfaction Regarding Cellular Service Providers in Anand City; Does Power Distance Affect Marketing Practices?; A Study of Channel Partners Perception for Investor Decision Making—A Case of SBI Mutual Fund; Customer Experience Management: A Multi-Dimensional Approach; A Review of Marketing and Supply Chain Management Integration through the Lens of the Resource-Based View; Retailing in Generic Pharmaceutical Products in India: A Study of B2B Customer Perceptions on Opportunities, Challenges and Strategies for Sustainable Growth; Customer Experience Management: An Emerging Business Requirement; Consumer Evaluation of OTC Brand Extension; A Study of Service Quality of Government, Semi Government & Private Hospitals of Ahmedabad: Application of SERVEQUAL Model; Typology of Online Shoppers in India with Special Reference to Uttar Pradesh; Attribute based Perceptual Mapping of Retail Marts Based on Service Quality and Its Impact on Customer’s Satisfaction in Ahmadabad City; Impact of Internal Relationship Marketing on Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Private Banking Sector; Motivational Factors towards Purchase of Fabric Brands—An Arvind Mills Case Study; Measuring Retail Service Quality; Social Impact of Product Placement Practice in Hindi Movies; Organized Pharma Retailing: Exploring Trends and Customers’ Perceptions (in Gujarat); Understanding Customer Experience Management in Higher Education; Building Ambidextrous Organizations for Sustainable Growth; The Role of Government Incentives in Promoting the Growth of SMEs in Rwanda; Supply Chain Orientation of SMEs: Strategies for Sustainable Growth; Selection Criteria for ERP for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME); Managerial Competencies, Working Capital Management Practices and Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Rwanda; A Survey of Manufacturing SMEs in Kigali; A Study on Upcoming Innovative Entrepreneurial Roles in India; Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) in India: Advent of New Business Model for Small Businesses & Professionals, etc. have been grouped in two sub-themes of the conference and included in the two sections of the book viz. Section I: Marketing Management and Section II: Entrepreneurship and Family Business Management/ Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
In the backdrop of global recession to recovery, the contributions made by national and international scholars highlight the various issues and the nexus between them that are emerging in the global economic environment and have addressed the role of management in implementing them for sustainable growth and development. The readers will find that the scholars have also logically underscored the factors behind these issues and put forward notable policy implications, which are extremely relevant for the current debate on recession to recovery and sustainability with respect to trade, finance and investment. The economists, researchers, teachers, policy-makers, executive of various enterprises, management consultants and the representatives of trade and industry will find the collection of these papers as thought provoking for further research in their respective areas of interest.
________________________________________________
Edited by – Prof.(Dr.) Pawan K. Chugan and Prof. Sameer S Pingle
First Edition – 2012
EXCEL INDIA PUBLISHERS 61/28 Dalpat Singh Building, Pratik Market, Munirka, New Delhi -110067