Richard E Ricker | National Institute of Standards and Technology (original) (raw)

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Papers by Richard E Ricker

Procedia structural integrity, 2024

In this article the 50 years of observations, implications and debates related to fatigue crack c... more In this article the 50 years of observations, implications and debates related to fatigue crack closure are discussed. New insights related to plasticity, oxide, and roughness induced crack closures and their role in shielding effects of the fatigue crack tip are reexamined. Supporting evidence for these insights comes from the lack of Kth dependence on R in a high vacuum (with partial pressure of 10-5 Pa or less). The presented new critical chemical-mechanical analyses are based on experimental results reported in the literature that demonstrate the marginal R-ratio effect on Kth of long cracks in vacuum for both planar/wavy slip alloys but show R-dependence in the lab air and in chemical environment. The latter is due to the formation of viscous nature of the oxide, which forms in humid air at the newly expose fresh fracture surfaces. It is demonstrated that the dominant factor related to the experimentally observed R-ratio effects on fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior (on several alloys) in not related to crack closure but the access of the environment to the crack tip region that affects fatigue damage. In chemical environments, our viewpoint is supported by a critical analysis of corrosion processes that found that there is insufficient time for most metallic species to form ions, hydrolyze, and transform into hard phases at the crack tip before closure. Therefore, when crack flanks contact occurs, most of the oxidized metallic species will exist as aquo-complexes, gel, or colloids, that have insufficient shear strength to wedge crack faces during unloading. Dislocation-based models have indicated that the crack tip shielding effect from a single asperity is small. The roughness induced crack closure has been suggested as a mechanical obstruction in the wake of the crack during cyclic unloading for planar slip alloys at the threshold region, the emphasis on the access of the environment to the crack tip for an environmental damage was not considered.

The Key Steps in Corrosion Failure AnalysisHydrogen Sulfide and Pipeline CorrosionFailure analysi... more The Key Steps in Corrosion Failure AnalysisHydrogen Sulfide and Pipeline CorrosionFailure analysis on corrosion cracking of bellows assembly CORROSION AND COATING DEFECTS ON BURIED PIPELINES ...Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataCase sharing: leakage failure analysis of 316L stainless Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataDetecting steel tube and pipe corrosion using SEM analysisAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataUnder-Deposit Corrosion on Steel Pipeline Surfaces Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataReliability analysis of steel pipe with longitudinal Corrosion control in oil and gas pipelines IJSERCorrosion Predictive Model in Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL CORROSION ANOMALY DATA ...Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis of internal corrosion in subsea oil pipeline Analysis of Pipeline Steel Corrosion Data by Nist AlibrisComparative Analysis of Corrosion Resistance of 20# and Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataAnalysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataReliability Analysis of Pipelines With Local Corrosion (PDF) Acoustic Emission data analysis to evaluate damage Reliability analysis of steel pipe with longitudinal Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis of X70 Analysis of Pitting Corrosion of Pipelines in a Marine Erosion corrosion coupling analysis of shale gas Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataSteel Corrosion From NBS NISTA Data-Driven Machine Learning Approach for Corrosion Risk Corrosion of coated pipe samples: An overview and Hybrid intelligent method for fuzzy reliability analysis Analysis Of Pipeline Steel Corrosion DataESTIMATING EXTERNAL CORROSION RATES FOR BURIED ...Estimating the Long-Term Reliability of Steel and Cast Structural Integrity of Steel Pipeline with Clusters of Methods to Evaluate Corrosion in Buried Steel Structures Research Article Analysis of the Long-Term Corrosion Analysis of erosion/corrosion data for high-level waste (PDF) Probabilistic analysis of corroded pipeline under

MRS Proceedings, 1999

The hypothesis that a thin nanometer-scale multilayered surface film could delay crack initiation... more The hypothesis that a thin nanometer-scale multilayered surface film could delay crack initiation and extend fatigue lives was evaluated by electrodepositing a Cu-Ni multilayer on Cu fatigue samples. A significant improvement in fatigue lives resulted and this improvement is attributed to properties of the multilayer coating.

In the early 1920s, the National Bureau of Standards initiated a study into the underground corro... more In the early 1920s, the National Bureau of Standards initiated a study into the underground corrosion of uncoated steel pipes. Very early in this study it became clear that coatings would be required for some environments, and a second study of coated pipes was initiated immediately. Pipeline coatings have been the subject of research and development ever since, and coatings, coating application methods, in-field application and repair technologies, and inspection technologies have evolved dramatically since these first studies. Today, a wide variety of high-quality coating systems are available for new pipeline construction, but the existing infrastructure of pipelines is protected with a wide range of coating types with varying ages. Therefore, the R&D needs of the pipeline community with respect to coatings ranges from testing protocols for evaluating new coatings and standards for quality control, to methods for evaluating of the performance and remaining life of coatings in service and remediation. The objective of this workshop was to bring the pipeline community together to discuss, identify, and prioritize coating R&D needs for improving the safety of pipelines.

The information contained herein is based on the results of the workshop, which was attended by a... more The information contained herein is based on the results of the workshop, which was attended by a diversity of stakeholders working in the field of additive manufacturing (AM). It represents the expert perspectives of participants, but is not intended to be all-inclusive of the views of the AM community. National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Manufacturing Series 100-5 Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Advanced Manufacturing Series 100-5 53 pages (

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 1, 2010

Metallic materials in home construction are subject to corrosive attack by the normal internal at... more Metallic materials in home construction are subject to corrosive attack by the normal internal atmosphere of homes as well as the other environments they encounter during service in the home. The corrosion resistance of the metals in these environments is a major factor in determining the normal deterioration of

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2011

The properties and performance of the ultra high purity Nb used to fabricate superconducting radi... more The properties and performance of the ultra high purity Nb used to fabricate superconducting radio frequency (SRF) particle accelerator cavities have been found to vary with processing conditions. One hypothesis for these variations is that hydrogen, absorbed during processing, is responsible for this behavior. The key assumption behind this hypothesis is that niobium can absorb hydrogen from one or more of the processing environments. This paper reviews work examining the validity of this assumption. It was determined that Nb will spontaneously react with water producing adsorbed atomic hydrogen that is readily absorbed into the metal. The passivating oxide film normally prevents this reaction, but this film is frequently removed during processing and it is attacked by the fluoride ion used in the polishing solutions for SRF cavities. However, during electropolishing that cathodic reduction of hydrogen is transferred to the auxiliary electrode and this should suppress hydrogen absorption.

High Nitrogen Stainless Steel (HNSS) can simultaneously have high strength (ultimate and yield) h... more High Nitrogen Stainless Steel (HNSS) can simultaneously have high strength (ultimate and yield) high hardness, high ductility, and outstanding corrosion properties. These properties can be further improved if these HNSS materials are produced from Hot Isostatic Press (HIP) consolidated, gas atomized powder due to the resulting microstructural refinement and increased chemical homogeneity that this Rapid Solidification Processing (RSP) imparts. This unusual combination of properties and the additional advantages of RSP near net shape manufacturing should make HNSS an excellent candidate for hip and knee prostheses, as well as other body implant devices. For this study HNSS alloys were produced that significantly exceed previously reported results. The high nitrogen solubility was achieved using alloy chemistry modifications and atmospheric nitrogen pressures. Strength, hardness, and corrosion properties are presented that support the opportunities HNSS materials offer as biocompatible materials. * References to commercial trademarks are for identification purposes only and in no way constitute endorsement or evaluation of the relative merits of these products.

26th Advanced Aerospace Materials and Processes (AeroMat) Conference and Exposition (May 11–14, 2015), May 13, 2015

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, Nov 10, 2012

ASTM International eBooks, Mar 11, 2010

Technical Note (NIST TN) - 1278, Aug 1, 1990

Additive Manufacturing, 2020

Melt pool monitoring (MPM) is a technique used in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) to extract featu... more Melt pool monitoring (MPM) is a technique used in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) to extract features from insitu sensor signals that correlate to defect formation or general part fabrication quality. Various melt pool phenomena have been shown to relate to measured transient absorption of the laser energy, which in turn, can be relatable to the melt pool emission measured in MPM systems. This paper describes use of a reflectometerbased instrument to measure the dynamic laser energy absorption during single-line laser scans. Scans are conducted on bare metal and single powder layer of nickel alloy 625 (IN625) at a range of laser powers. In addition, a photodetector aligned co-axially with the laser, often found in commercial LPBF monitoring systems, synchronously measured of the incandescent emission from the melt pool with the dynamic laser absorption. Relationships between the dynamic laser absorption, co-axial MPM, and surface features on the tracks are observed, providing illustration of the melt pool dynamics that formed these features. Time-integrated measurements of laser absorption are shown to correlate well with MPM signal, as well as indicate the transition between conduction and keyhole mode. This transition is corroborated by metallographic cross-section measurement, as well as topographic measurements of the solidified tracks. Ultimately, this paper exemplifies the utility of dynamic laser absorption measurements to inform both the physical nature of the melt pool dynamics, as well as interpretation of process monitoring signals.