Erik Andvik | NLA University College (original) (raw)
Papers by Erik Andvik
Fagbokforlaget eBooks, Feb 15, 2023
Fagbokforlaget eBooks, Feb 15, 2023
https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/fac\_books/1370/thumbnail.jp
Linguistics of the TIbeto-Burman Area, 1993
North East Indian Linguistics, 2009
Tshangla Orthography Erik Andvik Summer Institute of Linguistics Dzongkha is the official nation... more Tshangla Orthography
Erik Andvik
Summer Institute of Linguistics
Dzongkha is the official national language of the kingdom of Bhutan and other than English and Nepali the only written language of Bhutan widely used in public administration and education in the kingdom. As the national language, Dzongkha has an important unifying function for 20 or more distinct linguistic groups in the kingdom. However, Dzongkha faces serious challenges. In spite of the efforts of the Dzongkha Development Commission, Dzongkha still suffers from a dearth of published materials, readership for Dzongkha language periodicals is still smaller than for those in English, and even students whose mother tongue is Dzongkha struggle to gain written proficiency, sometimes preferring to write in English.
Tshangla is the mother tongue of some 140,000 people, making it the most widely spoken language of Bhutan after Dzongkha and Nepali. The thesis of this paper is that the development and promotion of the Tshangla language can, if properly approached, contribute to the advancement of Dzongkha as the language of national unity even among Tshangla speakers. The paper will propose a Tshangla orthography designed with this in mind.
The use of the Dzongkha script for Tshangla will provide an opportunity to introduce this script to Tshangla-speaking children from grade one, but in a language with which they are already familiar. Applying the script phonemically to Tshangla allows pupils to learn the Dzongkha characters without the necessity of learning unfamiliar vocabulary at the same time. After pupils have mastered the script, the study of Dzongkha can begin, gradually introducing the Dzongkha spelling conventions as a second stage of learning.
Tshangla and Dzongkha speakers have similar cultures, as is reflected in the languages. The Tshangla lexicon contains a large number of words that have been borrowed from Dzongkha. By adopting into Tshangla the Dzongkha spellings for this borrowed vocabulary the cultural similarity and shared religious and historical heritage can be emphasized, thus promoting the incorporation of the Tshangla-speaking minority into the wider Bhutanese culture.
The most advantageous Tshangla orthography from the point of view both of initial learning as well as transition to Dzongkha is one in which a single, unambiguous spelling convention is adopted for each sound in the language, as long as that convention is not in conflict with any Dzongkha convention. Other than for borrowed words, however, the Dzongkha spelling conventions do not need to be adopted for Tshangla. What must be avoided is the use of letter combinations in Tshangla which are already in use in Dzongkha but with a different phonemic value. This will require in certain instances a departure from the ideal of using for Tshangla the simplest phonemic transcription in Ucen characters, when this transcription is already assigned a non-phonemic pronunciation in Dzongkha.
University of California, Berkeley." Mon-Khmer Studies
SIL bibliography listing for Report of 25th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages an... more SIL bibliography listing for Report of 25th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics, 14-18 October 1992, University of California, Berkeley.
SIL bibliography listing for Recourse to consensus in Norwegian modal particles.
SIL bibliography listing for Tshangla grammar.
The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 2003
SIL bibliography listing for Tshangla.
North East Indian Linguistics v.4, 2012
Tshangla Orthography Erik Andvik Summer Institute of Linguistics Dzongkha is the official na... more Tshangla Orthography
Erik Andvik
Summer Institute of Linguistics
Dzongkha is the official national language of the kingdom of Bhutan and other than English and Nepali the only written language of Bhutan widely used in public administration and education in the kingdom. As the national language, Dzongkha has an important unifying function for 20 or more distinct linguistic groups in the kingdom. However, Dzongkha faces serious challenges. In spite of the efforts of the Dzongkha Development Commission, Dzongkha still suffers from a dearth of published materials, readership for Dzongkha language periodicals is still smaller than for those in English, and even students whose mother tongue is Dzongkha struggle to gain written proficiency, sometimes preferring to write in English.
Tshangla is the mother tongue of some 140,000 people, making it the most widely spoken language of Bhutan after Dzongkha and Nepali. The thesis of this paper is that the development and promotion of the Tshangla language can, if properly approached, contribute to the advancement of Dzongkha as the language of national unity even among Tshangla speakers. The paper will propose a Tshangla orthography designed with this in mind.
The use of the Dzongkha script for Tshangla will provide an opportunity to introduce this script to Tshangla-speaking children from grade one, but in a language with which they are already familiar. Applying the script phonemically to Tshangla allows pupils to learn the Dzongkha characters without the necessity of learning unfamiliar vocabulary at the same time. After pupils have mastered the script, the study of Dzongkha can begin, gradually introducing the Dzongkha spelling conventions as a second stage of learning.
Tshangla and Dzongkha speakers have similar cultures, as is reflected in the languages. The Tshangla lexicon contains a large number of words that have been borrowed from Dzongkha. By adopting into Tshangla the Dzongkha spellings for this borrowed vocabulary the cultural similarity and shared religious and historical heritage can be emphasized, thus promoting the incorporation of the Tshangla-speaking minority into the wider Bhutanese culture.
The most advantageous Tshangla orthography from the point of view both of initial learning as well as transition to Dzongkha is one in which a single, unambiguous spelling convention is adopted for each sound in the language, as long as that convention is not in conflict with any Dzongkha convention. Other than for borrowed words, however, the Dzongkha spelling conventions do not need to be adopted for Tshangla. What must be avoided is the use of letter combinations in Tshangla which are already in use in Dzongkha but with a different phonemic value. This will require in certain instances a departure from the ideal of using for Tshangla the simplest phonemic transcription in Ucen characters, when this transcription is already assigned a non-phonemic pronunciation in Dzongkha.
The Tshangla language is spoken predominantly in eastern Bhutan, where it is also known as Sharch... more The Tshangla language is spoken predominantly in eastern Bhutan, where it is also known as Sharchhop-kha, the language of the Sharchhop or Sharchhokpa, ie'people living in the East.'The number of speakers in Bhutan is approximately 140,000 (George van Driem. personal communication). As the largest of the non-official languages of Bhutan, it serves as a lingua franca for several smaller language groups in the eastern half of the kingdom. 2
TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS STUDIES AND …, Jan 1, 2004
In Tshangla,'as in many other languages, the verb “say” functions as a “quotativ... more In Tshangla,'as in many other languages, the verb “say” functions as a “quotative marker” which sets off an embedded discourse from the matrix clause. It is also used to link a matrix clause with adverbial expressions of purpose, cause, condition, etc. 2 More interesting, however, is the use in Tshangla of a different verb, the verb “do”. Its use partly parallels that of “say”, but far surpasses the latter in the variety of constructions in which it occurs. While both “say” and “do” are used as quotative markers,“do” has been grammaticalized further, ...
25th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan …, Jan 1, 1992
A Grammar of Tshangla is the first major linguistic description of Tshangla, a Tibeto-Burman lang... more A Grammar of Tshangla is the first major linguistic description of Tshangla, a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Bhutan, northeast India, and southwest China. Written from a functional-typological perspective, it contains a wealth of illustrative examples both from elicited data and from spontaneously generated texts. It is a truly comprehensive description, including sections on phonology, lexicon, morphophonemics, morphosyntactic structure, clause-concatenating constructions, as well as discourse-pragmatic features. The volume will be ...
Fagbokforlaget eBooks, Feb 15, 2023
Fagbokforlaget eBooks, Feb 15, 2023
https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/fac\_books/1370/thumbnail.jp
Linguistics of the TIbeto-Burman Area, 1993
North East Indian Linguistics, 2009
Tshangla Orthography Erik Andvik Summer Institute of Linguistics Dzongkha is the official nation... more Tshangla Orthography
Erik Andvik
Summer Institute of Linguistics
Dzongkha is the official national language of the kingdom of Bhutan and other than English and Nepali the only written language of Bhutan widely used in public administration and education in the kingdom. As the national language, Dzongkha has an important unifying function for 20 or more distinct linguistic groups in the kingdom. However, Dzongkha faces serious challenges. In spite of the efforts of the Dzongkha Development Commission, Dzongkha still suffers from a dearth of published materials, readership for Dzongkha language periodicals is still smaller than for those in English, and even students whose mother tongue is Dzongkha struggle to gain written proficiency, sometimes preferring to write in English.
Tshangla is the mother tongue of some 140,000 people, making it the most widely spoken language of Bhutan after Dzongkha and Nepali. The thesis of this paper is that the development and promotion of the Tshangla language can, if properly approached, contribute to the advancement of Dzongkha as the language of national unity even among Tshangla speakers. The paper will propose a Tshangla orthography designed with this in mind.
The use of the Dzongkha script for Tshangla will provide an opportunity to introduce this script to Tshangla-speaking children from grade one, but in a language with which they are already familiar. Applying the script phonemically to Tshangla allows pupils to learn the Dzongkha characters without the necessity of learning unfamiliar vocabulary at the same time. After pupils have mastered the script, the study of Dzongkha can begin, gradually introducing the Dzongkha spelling conventions as a second stage of learning.
Tshangla and Dzongkha speakers have similar cultures, as is reflected in the languages. The Tshangla lexicon contains a large number of words that have been borrowed from Dzongkha. By adopting into Tshangla the Dzongkha spellings for this borrowed vocabulary the cultural similarity and shared religious and historical heritage can be emphasized, thus promoting the incorporation of the Tshangla-speaking minority into the wider Bhutanese culture.
The most advantageous Tshangla orthography from the point of view both of initial learning as well as transition to Dzongkha is one in which a single, unambiguous spelling convention is adopted for each sound in the language, as long as that convention is not in conflict with any Dzongkha convention. Other than for borrowed words, however, the Dzongkha spelling conventions do not need to be adopted for Tshangla. What must be avoided is the use of letter combinations in Tshangla which are already in use in Dzongkha but with a different phonemic value. This will require in certain instances a departure from the ideal of using for Tshangla the simplest phonemic transcription in Ucen characters, when this transcription is already assigned a non-phonemic pronunciation in Dzongkha.
University of California, Berkeley." Mon-Khmer Studies
SIL bibliography listing for Report of 25th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages an... more SIL bibliography listing for Report of 25th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan Languages and Linguistics, 14-18 October 1992, University of California, Berkeley.
SIL bibliography listing for Recourse to consensus in Norwegian modal particles.
SIL bibliography listing for Tshangla grammar.
The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 2003
SIL bibliography listing for Tshangla.
North East Indian Linguistics v.4, 2012
Tshangla Orthography Erik Andvik Summer Institute of Linguistics Dzongkha is the official na... more Tshangla Orthography
Erik Andvik
Summer Institute of Linguistics
Dzongkha is the official national language of the kingdom of Bhutan and other than English and Nepali the only written language of Bhutan widely used in public administration and education in the kingdom. As the national language, Dzongkha has an important unifying function for 20 or more distinct linguistic groups in the kingdom. However, Dzongkha faces serious challenges. In spite of the efforts of the Dzongkha Development Commission, Dzongkha still suffers from a dearth of published materials, readership for Dzongkha language periodicals is still smaller than for those in English, and even students whose mother tongue is Dzongkha struggle to gain written proficiency, sometimes preferring to write in English.
Tshangla is the mother tongue of some 140,000 people, making it the most widely spoken language of Bhutan after Dzongkha and Nepali. The thesis of this paper is that the development and promotion of the Tshangla language can, if properly approached, contribute to the advancement of Dzongkha as the language of national unity even among Tshangla speakers. The paper will propose a Tshangla orthography designed with this in mind.
The use of the Dzongkha script for Tshangla will provide an opportunity to introduce this script to Tshangla-speaking children from grade one, but in a language with which they are already familiar. Applying the script phonemically to Tshangla allows pupils to learn the Dzongkha characters without the necessity of learning unfamiliar vocabulary at the same time. After pupils have mastered the script, the study of Dzongkha can begin, gradually introducing the Dzongkha spelling conventions as a second stage of learning.
Tshangla and Dzongkha speakers have similar cultures, as is reflected in the languages. The Tshangla lexicon contains a large number of words that have been borrowed from Dzongkha. By adopting into Tshangla the Dzongkha spellings for this borrowed vocabulary the cultural similarity and shared religious and historical heritage can be emphasized, thus promoting the incorporation of the Tshangla-speaking minority into the wider Bhutanese culture.
The most advantageous Tshangla orthography from the point of view both of initial learning as well as transition to Dzongkha is one in which a single, unambiguous spelling convention is adopted for each sound in the language, as long as that convention is not in conflict with any Dzongkha convention. Other than for borrowed words, however, the Dzongkha spelling conventions do not need to be adopted for Tshangla. What must be avoided is the use of letter combinations in Tshangla which are already in use in Dzongkha but with a different phonemic value. This will require in certain instances a departure from the ideal of using for Tshangla the simplest phonemic transcription in Ucen characters, when this transcription is already assigned a non-phonemic pronunciation in Dzongkha.
The Tshangla language is spoken predominantly in eastern Bhutan, where it is also known as Sharch... more The Tshangla language is spoken predominantly in eastern Bhutan, where it is also known as Sharchhop-kha, the language of the Sharchhop or Sharchhokpa, ie'people living in the East.'The number of speakers in Bhutan is approximately 140,000 (George van Driem. personal communication). As the largest of the non-official languages of Bhutan, it serves as a lingua franca for several smaller language groups in the eastern half of the kingdom. 2
TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS STUDIES AND …, Jan 1, 2004
In Tshangla,'as in many other languages, the verb “say” functions as a “quotativ... more In Tshangla,'as in many other languages, the verb “say” functions as a “quotative marker” which sets off an embedded discourse from the matrix clause. It is also used to link a matrix clause with adverbial expressions of purpose, cause, condition, etc. 2 More interesting, however, is the use in Tshangla of a different verb, the verb “do”. Its use partly parallels that of “say”, but far surpasses the latter in the variety of constructions in which it occurs. While both “say” and “do” are used as quotative markers,“do” has been grammaticalized further, ...
25th International Conference on Sino-Tibetan …, Jan 1, 1992
A Grammar of Tshangla is the first major linguistic description of Tshangla, a Tibeto-Burman lang... more A Grammar of Tshangla is the first major linguistic description of Tshangla, a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Bhutan, northeast India, and southwest China. Written from a functional-typological perspective, it contains a wealth of illustrative examples both from elicited data and from spontaneously generated texts. It is a truly comprehensive description, including sections on phonology, lexicon, morphophonemics, morphosyntactic structure, clause-concatenating constructions, as well as discourse-pragmatic features. The volume will be ...