Philip Kyle - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Philip Kyle

Terrestrial Laser Scanning Support in Polar Regions, UNAVCO pilot projects 2008-2009

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 1, 2009

ABSTRACT

Present Volcanic Activity on Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica

Geology, 1973

Goldschmidt2022 abstracts, 2022

Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (... more Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks.

26. Geophysical Studies of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica, from 1974 December to 1982 January(Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Fall Meeting of the Society)

火山. 第2集, Dec 28, 1984

Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Magmatic Series Evolution at Gorely Volcano (Southern Kamchatka)

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2007

Integrated video and infrasound observations at Mount Erebus, Antarctica

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2012

The Dynamics of a Strombolian Bubble Burst Derived From Doppler Radar

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2007

ABSTRACT

Variations of glass composition in the Holocene tephra of Shiveluch volcano (Kamchatka): applications for magmatic history and tephrochronology

Abstract The dominantly andesitic Shiveluch volcano (Kamchatka) is a highly explosive eruptive ce... more Abstract The dominantly andesitic Shiveluch volcano (Kamchatka) is a highly explosive eruptive center with a magma discharge of~ 36 Mt/year, an order of magnitude higher than that typical of island arc volcanoes. Frequent ash plumes from Shiveluch pose hazards to local towns and to dozens of daily airflights. Numerous Shiveluch tephras, once fingerprinted, can serve as excellent markers for dating Holocene deposits and landforms at a distance of~ 350 km. Based on bulk rock analyses, Shiveluch tephra was considered to ...

Gas discharges in fumarolic ice caves of Erebus volcano, Antarctica

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2013

(Table 4) Preliminary petrographic description of McMurdo volcanics in AND-1B core

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 17, 2015

Gorely is a shieldtype volcano in southern Kamchatka currently in an eruptive phase with prior er... more Gorely is a shieldtype volcano in southern Kamchatka currently in an eruptive phase with prior eruptions recorded in 1980 and 1984 [4]. It is comprised of three main structural units: ancient (middle Pleistocene) edifice called 'OldGorely' volcano; thick ignimbrite complex, associated with a caldera forming eruption (40 ka); modern edifice named 'Young Gorely' growing inside the caldera . Gorely lavas consist of a suite of compositions ranging from basalt to rhyolite (calkalkaline series).In this study we describe the mixing processes in magma chamber based on analysis of wholerock and mineralogical data in an attempt to compare the magma evolution pathways for 'Old Gorely' and Young Gorely volcanoes. Our results indicate that fractional crystallization (FC) is the dominant process for 'Old Gorely' magmas, while 'Young Gorely' magmas are the result of mixing of primitive and evolved magmas in Gorely magma chamber], which is located at depth range from 2 to 10 km below the volcano edifice . We present results of olivine highprecision electron microprobe data analysis (20kV, 300 nA) [7], alongside traditional methods (WR diagrams, mineral zonation) to demonstrate the difference between 'Old' (FC) and 'Young' (mixing) Gorely magmas. We estimated magma H O (~3 wt.%) content for Gorely magma using independent methods: 1) using THI [8]; 2) using ΔT OlPl [3]; 3) using OlSp temperatures [9]. Additionally, calculations of [4] and analysis of olivine chemistry allow us to describe water content changes during magma evolution. We show that degassing (H O removal) is necessary for strong plagioclase fractionation, which is observed in Gorely evolved lavas (less than 5 wt.% of MgO).

Origin of low oxygen isotopic compositions in alkalic lavas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Sep 1, 2021

Abstract Mount Erebus on Ross Island, Antarctica is an active volcano that has hosted a persisten... more Abstract Mount Erebus on Ross Island, Antarctica is an active volcano that has hosted a persistent phonolite lava lake for over 50 years. Oxygen isotope analysis of minerals in alkaline basanite to phonolite lavas from Erebus and surrounding volcanic centers show an anomalous trend of decreasing δ18O with magmatic evolution. The cold frozen climate and lack of radiogenic isotope evidence for assimilation of crustal materials makes this a unique location to investigate factors contributing to changes in oxygen isotope compositions. Olivine, feldspar, glass and whole rock samples from 29 lavas, 7 modern bombs and 2 xenoliths were analyzed for their oxygen isotopic compositions. Forward models indicate there should be an enrichment in δ18O of 0.4‰ in lavas due to Raleigh fractionation, but this is not observed. Olivine δ18O decreases from a typical mantle value of +5.3‰ in the parental basanite source to 4.3‰ in recently erupted phonolite lava bombs. The trend correlates with a decreasing forsterite content in the olivine. Feldspar and glasses exhibit δ18O values well below predicted values and are in fractionation disequilibrium with olivine compositions at measured magmatic temperatures of 1000°C within the phonolite lava lake. Isotopic depletion of the melt may be accounted for by incorporation of 8-11% hydrothermally altered volcanic edifice over time assuming water–rock interaction from strongly isotopically depleted Antarctic precipitation. Enhanced disequilibrium with olivine phenocrysts, are seen during the late stages of Erebus volcano construction. This calls for differential fractionation of olivine and feldspar from their respective melts, and slow O-diffusion of olivine while in the shallow lava lake prior to eruption.

Geologic history of Hut Point Peninsula as inferred from DVDP 1, 2, and 3 Drillcores and surface mapping

Antarctic research series, 1981

Journal Of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Apr 1, 2018

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been th... more This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record.

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1992

Obsidian clasts in 6500-20,000-year-old rhyolitic tephra deposits from the Taupo Volcanic Zone, N... more Obsidian clasts in 6500-20,000-year-old rhyolitic tephra deposits from the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, contain variable H20 (0.2-2.5 wt.%) and Ci (0.12-0.18 wt.%) contents. These are elevated compared to degassed obsidian from rhyolitic domes ( ~ 0.1 wt.% H20, ~ 0.1 wt.% CI) which quenched at the surface. Major-and trace-element compositions of obsidian from tephra deposits suggest that they are co-genetic with associated pumice. The clear, glassy appearance of the obsidian, their high H20 release temperatures, and ~1 s O of + 7%0 show that the water is magmatic, and was not absorbed into the obsidian after tephra deposition. Based on analysis of melt inclusions, recent primary Taupo Volcanic Zone rhyolitic magmas contain 4.3 wt.% H20 and 0.18 wt.% CI. The obsidian in the tephra deposits, therefore, represents partially degassed, quenched primary magma. Water and CI contents correlate in the obsidian, suggesting that the magmatic C1 partitioned into a H20-rich fluid phase during eruptive degassing. The partitioning of C1 between the water-rich vapor phase and the residual magma can be modelled as open-system Rayleigh fractionation. Using a pre-eruptive H20 content of 4.3 wt.%, and Burnham's (1979) water solubility model, the pressure and depth of initial vesiculation of the Taupo magma is calculated to occur at about 0.9 kbar or ~ 3.5 km depth. Initial fragmentation (assumed to occur at a vapor:melt ratio of 3:1 ) began at 0.1 kbar, or ~ 500 m depth. Obsidian in most tephra deposits contains less than I wt.% H20, and are calculated to have formed at < 0.1 kbar or ~ 500 m depth. Therefore, some obsidian in these tephra deposits may have formed from fragmented magma. The variable water contents of obsidian fragments in a single deposit indicates that quenching occurred over a range of depths. This, and the strong alignment of microphenocrysts in obsidian, suggests that fragmented magma was welded onto the conduit walls during eruption, cooled to form obsidian, then incorporated into the tephra. The 2000-year-old Hatepe phreatoplinian tephra contains many obsidian fragments with > 2 wt.% H20. The meteoric water which caused this eruption to be phreatomagmatic may have caused obsidian to quench at unusually great depths, resulting in higher H20 contents.

Glacial history of the McMurdo Sound area as indicated by the distribution and nature of McMurdo Volcanic Group rocks

Antarctic research series, 1981

ABSTRACT

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Dec 1, 1976

Rare earth element (REE) concentrations were determined in 16 Ross Island and northern Victoria L... more Rare earth element (REE) concentrations were determined in 16 Ross Island and northern Victoria Land alkaline lava samples which were representative of four lava lineages of the McMurdo Volcanic Group, Antarctica. A kaersutite and two feldspar mineral separates were also analysed. Two of the lava lineages, a basanite to nepheline benmoreite and a basanite to phonolite, have similar chondrite-normalized REE fractionation patterns, with a continuous enrichment of light and heavy REE and depletion of middle REE. The patterns result from the fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene, spinels, feldspar, kaersutite and apatite. Kaersutite is an important fractionated phase responsible for the middle REE depletion. Another of the lava lineages is mildly potassic with trachyandesite to peralkaline K-trachyte lavas which have partly overlapping REE fractionation patterns. There is a depletion in REE from tristanite to K-trachyte. Fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene, feldspar and apatite probably control the REE chemistry of the lineage, greater degrees of apatite fractionation deplete the K-trachyte in REE relative to the tristanite. Feldspar fractionation in the genesis of the peralkaline K-trachyte is shown by a large negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 0.10). A nepheline hawaiite to anorthoclase phonolite lava lineage from the Erebus Centre shows enrichment of REE, although minor overlapping in the middle REE does occur. Anorthoclase phonolite has a positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 1.31), indicating possible accumulation of anorthoclase. The lineage resulted from fractionation of olivine, clinopyroxene, magnetite and apatite.

Geology, 2002

Vent processes were examined at Karymsky volcano, Kamchatka, by measuring SO 2 emissions using a ... more Vent processes were examined at Karymsky volcano, Kamchatka, by measuring SO 2 emissions using a correlation spectrometer (COSPEC). Continuous high-sensitivity COSPEC measurements and physical observations were collected on 11 and 12 September 1999, when Karymsky was producing small ashy eruptions every 5-20 min. Each eruptive event began with an explosion and audible rumbling (lasting ϳ30 s) followed in some cases by audible chugging (lasting to 2 min). Gas plumes accompanied each event, and almost without exception the plumes dissipated and became invisible despite significant SO 2 emissions. Variations in SO 2 output show distinctive patterns that correlate with eruption activity. Maximum SO 2 output occurred following each explosion and then declined rapidly to low, but detectable levels. In contrast, a second type of event, often associated with audible chugging, was characterized by high SO 2 output long after the initial ash blast. Variations in degassing at Karymsky can be explained by secondary boiling, gas-pressure accumulation, and vent resealing. We developed a new application of the COSPEC technique to study the dynamic vent processes of erupting volcanoes. This application provides insights into the processes that occur at the otherwise inaccessible vents of erupting volcanoes particularly when a volcano changes from passive degassing and small explosions to degassing patterns that may precede a larger and more dangerous eruption.

Rate of sulphur dioxide emission from Erebus volcano, Antarctica, December 1983

Nature, Aug 1, 1985

The results and method of the determination of the rate of emission of SO2 from the Mt. Erebus vo... more The results and method of the determination of the rate of emission of SO2 from the Mt. Erebus volcano into the Antarctic atmosphere during 11 days in December 1983 are presented. Measurements of the SO2 fluxes were made by the use of a correlation spectrometer and an aircraft survey. The instrument measured the absorption of ultraviolet sky light as the

Terrestrial Laser Scanning Support in Polar Regions, UNAVCO pilot projects 2008-2009

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 1, 2009

ABSTRACT

Present Volcanic Activity on Mount Erebus, Ross Island, Antarctica

Geology, 1973

Goldschmidt2022 abstracts, 2022

26. Geophysical Studies of Erebus Volcano, Antarctica, from 1974 December to 1982 January(Abstracts of Papers Presented at the Fall Meeting of the Society)

火山. 第2集, Dec 28, 1984

Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Magmatic Series Evolution at Gorely Volcano (Southern Kamchatka)

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2007

Integrated video and infrasound observations at Mount Erebus, Antarctica

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2012

The Dynamics of a Strombolian Bubble Burst Derived From Doppler Radar

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2007

ABSTRACT

Variations of glass composition in the Holocene tephra of Shiveluch volcano (Kamchatka): applications for magmatic history and tephrochronology

Gas discharges in fumarolic ice caves of Erebus volcano, Antarctica

AGUFM, Dec 1, 2013

(Table 4) Preliminary petrographic description of McMurdo volcanics in AND-1B core

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Dec 17, 2015

Origin of low oxygen isotopic compositions in alkalic lavas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Sep 1, 2021

Geologic history of Hut Point Peninsula as inferred from DVDP 1, 2, and 3 Drillcores and surface mapping

Antarctic research series, 1981

Journal Of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Apr 1, 2018

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1992

Glacial history of the McMurdo Sound area as indicated by the distribution and nature of McMurdo Volcanic Group rocks

Antarctic research series, 1981

ABSTRACT

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Dec 1, 1976

Geology, 2002

Rate of sulphur dioxide emission from Erebus volcano, Antarctica, December 1983

Nature, Aug 1, 1985