Prof. Mosaad Abdel-Wahhab | National Research Centre (original) (raw)

Papers by Prof. Mosaad Abdel-Wahhab

Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, Dec 31, 2021

Molecular Neurobiology, Feb 20, 2016

Current therapeutic approaches of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are symptomatic and of modest efficacy... more Current therapeutic approaches of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are symptomatic and of modest efficacy, and there is no available effective cure or prevention of AD; hence, the need arise to search for neuroprotective agents to combat AD. The current study aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effect of nanodiamond (ND), adamantine-based nanoparticles, in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment in rats, an experimental model of AD. AD was induced by aluminum chloride (17 mg/kg, p.o. for 6 weeks) and confirmed by Morris water maze and Y-maze behavioral tests. Biochemical and histological analyses of the hippocampus were also performed. Aluminum-treated rats showed behavioral, biochemical, and histological changes similar to those associated with AD. ND improved learning and memory and reversed histological alterations. At the molecular levels, ND mitigated the increase of hippocampal beta-amyloid (Aβ 42) and beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) together with down-regulation of phosphorylated tau protein. It also modulated the excitatory glutamate neurotransmitter level. Furthermore, ND boosted the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mitochondrial transcription factor-A (TFAM), suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and curbed oxidative stress by hampering of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Moreover, ND augmented the hippocampal levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3) and B cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) anti-apoptotic protein while diminished nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and caspase-3 (casp-3) expression. These findings indicate the protective effect of ND against memory deficits and AD-like pathological aberrations probably via modulating NF-kB and STAT3 signaling, effects mediated likely by modulating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Aug 1, 2021

Mycorrhizal symbiosis is generally considered effective in ameliorating plant tolerance to abioti... more Mycorrhizal symbiosis is generally considered effective in ameliorating plant tolerance to abiotic stress by altering gene expression, and evaluation of genes involved in ion homeostasis and nutrient uptake. This study aimed to use arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) to alleviate salinity stress and analyse relevant gene expression in pistachio plants under No/NaCl stress in greenhouse conditions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis was used to study the physiological responses, ion distribution and relevant gene expression in pistachio plants under salinity stress. After four months of symbiosis, mycorrhizal root colonization showed a significant reduction in all tested parameters under salt stress treatment compared to non-saline treatment. Salinity affected the morphological traits, and decreased the nutrient content including N, P, Mg and Fe as well as K/Na and Ca/Na ratios, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), and increased the concentration of K, Ca and Na nutrient, glycine betaine, ROS and MDA. Inoculation of seedlings with AMF mitigated the negative effects of salinity on plant growth as indicated by increasing the root colonization, morphological traits, glycine betaine, RWC and MSI. Specifically, under salinity stress, shoot and root dry weight, P and Fe nutrient content, K/Na and Ca/Na ratio of AMF plants were increased by 53.2, 48.6, 71.6, 60.2, 87.5, and 80.1% respectively, in contrast to those of the NMF plants. The contents of Na, O2•− and MDA in AMF plants were significantly decreased by 66.8, 36.8, and 23.1%, respectively at 250 mM NaCl. Moreover, salinity markedly increased SOS1, CCX2 and SKOR genes expression and the inoculation with AMF modulated these genes expression; however, NRT2.4, PHO1 and PIP2.4 gene expressions were increased by salinity and AMF. It could be concluded that inoculation of AMF with Rhizophagus irregularis conferred a larger endurance towards soil salinity in pistachio plants and stimulate the nutrient uptake and ionic homeostasis maintenance, superior RWC and osmoprotection, toxic ion partitioning, maintaining membrane integrity and the ion-relevant genes expression.

Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium spp. It is highly toxic ... more Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium spp. It is highly toxic and widely spread dissemination. DON is considered one of the most important trichothecenes which can generate free radicals, mainly reactive oxygen species (ROS), which enhances lipid peroxidation, reduces the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and eventually leads to apoptosis. Thus, oxidative stress is considered one of the most important mechanisms in DON toxicity. Natural antioxidant agents are considered the most effective to protect against DON for human and animals. In this chapter, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying DON-induced oxidative stress. We also summarized the current literature regarding the silymarin (SIL) and inulin (IN) as antioxidant agents for the protection against DON-induced oxidative stress. This chapter provides an inclusive overview of the mechanism of DON-induced oxidative stress and the mechanisms of antioxidant activity induced by SIL and IN against DON.

Journal of Aging Research, Nov 29, 2019

Propose. is study aimed to evaluate the protective role of young coconut juice (YCJ) against the ... more Propose. is study aimed to evaluate the protective role of young coconut juice (YCJ) against the pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in orchidectomized (orx) rats. Methods and Results. Animals were divided into 7 groups including: baseline normal control group, sham control, orx rat group, orx rat group injected with 2.5 μg/kg b.w. estradiol benzoate (EB) 3 days a week for 10 weeks, and the orx rat groups treated orally with 10, 20, and 40 ml/kg b.w. of YCJ for 10 weeks. At the end of treatment period, animals were sacrificed and the brain of each rat was removed, fixed in 10% neutral formalin, and stained by specific antibodies against NF200, parvalbumin (PV), β-amyloid (Aβ), and estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ). e results showed that the number of NF200-and PV-reactive neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex was significantly reduced in orx rats. However, it restored to normal in orx rats injected with EB or those administrated with YCJ in a dose-related manner. Neurons containing β-amyloid (Aβ), a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), were found to be increased in the orx rats; however; they were reduced by EB injection or YCJ administration. ese results suggested the binding of the YCJ active ingredient(s) with estrogen receptors (ERs) in the brain as indicated by the detection of ERα and ERβ in neurons since a significant correlation was detected between NF200-/PV-reactive neurons vs ERα-/ERβ-reactive neurons.Conclusion. It could be concluded that YCJ is effective as EB in reducing AD pathology, probably by being selective estrogen receptor modulators.

Soft nanoscience letters, 2015

Archives of Toxicology, Sep 14, 2007

Food and Chemical Toxicology, Jul 1, 2007

Aflatoxins are potent toxins and carcinogens which can be excreted in the milk of exposed lactati... more Aflatoxins are potent toxins and carcinogens which can be excreted in the milk of exposed lactating mothers mainly in the form of aflatoxin M(1) (AFM(1)). We previously evaluated the level and frequency of AFM(1) in breast milk in a group of Egyptian mothers attending the New El-Qalyub Hospital, Qalyubiyah governorate, Egypt. In this study, fifty of those women who were AFM(1) positive were revisited monthly for 12 months to assess the temporal variation in breast milk AFM(1). AFM(1) was detected in 248 of 443 (56%) samples. In a multilevel model of the data there was a highly significant (p<0.001) effect of month of sampling on the frequency of AFM(1) detection with summer months having the highest frequency (>80%) and winter months the lowest frequency (<20%) of detection. AFM(1) was observed most frequently in June [OR 63, 95% CI (7.6, 522)]. The level of AFM(1) detection also followed this seasonal pattern with highest mean level in July (64 pg/ml milk, range 6.3-497 pg/ml milk) and the lowest mean level in January (8 pg/ml milk, range 4.2-108 pg/ml milk). The duration of lactation [p=0.0035, OR=1.08, 95% CI (1.02, 1.13)], and peanut consumption [p=0.06, OR=1.69, 95% CI (0.9, 2.9)] also contributed to the model. The identification and understanding of factors determining the presence of toxicants in human milk is important and may provide a knowledge driven basis for controlling the transfer of chemicals to infants.

International Journal of Halal Research, Dec 1, 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the safety measures practiced by farmers with use of pesticides in T... more This study aimed to evaluate the safety measures practiced by farmers with use of pesticides in Tubah SubDivision. The data gathered would be useful for drafting policies related to use of pesticides to reduce its effects on human health and the environment. This survey was carried out in November 2016 in Tubah SubDivision , Mezam Division of the North West region of Cameroon. A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 homesteads of the study area. The results revealed that 94.2% of the farmers were untrained in pesticide safety measures, 30.8% did not observe any safety interval before consuming freshly treated crops and 25.8% did not read instructions on pesticide labels before handling. Fifty five percent of the farmers did not use any protective equipment, 79.2% practiced careless pesticide disposal, 13.3% stored pesticides in stores and 7.5% stored pesticides inside their houses. Eighty percent of the families stored their crops via hanging in the house and smoking the crops, while 10.8% stored their crops in sealed bins. Water washing followed by removing the outer cover was applied as a crop cleaning procedure prior to cooking or consumption. Major symptoms such as headache, wheezing, dizziness and skin problems were observed in the homesteads. Some environmental changes observed after application of pesticides were damage of nontarget plants and disappearance of insects. It could be concluded that in Bambili, farmers lacked proper knowledge regarding safe handling and use of pesticides and the adverse effects of improper pesticide use to human health and the environment. This is an open access article under the CC-BY-SA license.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Apr 1, 2022

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the respiratory system and has... more Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the respiratory system and has the highest rates of incidence and mortality of malignant tumors. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize berberine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BBR-COSNPs) and to evaluate their protective effects against urethane-induced lung cancer. Forty male albino mice were divided into four groups, with the first serving as a negative control and the other three groups were injected intraperitoneally with urethane (1 mg/kg b.w) each other day for one week then group 2 was served as a positive control, however, groups 3 and 4 were treated orally with a daily dose of BBR or BBR-COSNPs (75 mg/kg b.w) for 10 consecutive weeks. Blood and lung tissue samples are collected for laboratory assay. The BBR-COSNPs were spherical, with an average particle size of 45.56 nm and zeta potential of 39.82 1.82 mV. The in vivo data demonstrated that mice given urethane alone had a significant increase in MDA, NO, NF-κB level, HIF1-α, and COX-2-positive expression in the lung tissue and serum VEGFR2, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine accompanied with a significant decrease in GSH, SOD, caspase 9 in the lung tissue and serum BAX. Co-treatment with BBR-COSNPs suppressed lung cancer growth and promoted apoptosis by modulating serum BAX and lung caspase 9 gene expressions. In addition, BBR-COSNPs inhibited tumor angiogenesis by reduction in levels of serum VEGFR2 and lung HIF 1 gene expression. It is possible to conclude that BBR-COSNPs can be used in oral administration formulations for lunganticancer therapy.

International Journal of Halal Research, Dec 1, 2019

This study aimed to evaluate pesticide use in farmers in Tubah, North West of Cameroon. The data ... more This study aimed to evaluate pesticide use in farmers in Tubah, North West of Cameroon. The data collected would be valuable for pesticide policies to reduce the effects of pesticides on human health and the environment. This survey was carried out in November and December 2016 in Tubah SubDivision , located in Mezam Division region of North West Cameroon. A survey was conducted on 120 homesteads of the area of the study. The results revealed that 80% of farmers were female. 59.2% had completed primary education whereas no tertiary education was reported among respondents. Insects were the major pests (67.5%) followed by fungi (19.2%), and finally rodents (11.7%). The commonly used pesticides were insecticides; however, herbicides were also used before planting. 19.2% of the farmers fed their livestock and poultry pesticide-treated crops. This study found that farmers in Bambili lacked knowledge in safe handling and use of pesticides. Training programs should be applied to minimize the adverse hazards of pesticides on human health and the environment. This is an open access article under the CC-BY-SA license.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Sep 1, 2020

This study describes the fabrication of two types of multilayered coatings onto titanium by elect... more This study describes the fabrication of two types of multilayered coatings onto titanium by electrostatic self-assembly (ESA), using deoxyribosenucleic acid (DNA) as the anionic polyelectrolyte and poly-D-lysine (PDL) or poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) as the cationic polyelectrolyte. Both coatings were characterized using UV-vis spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photospectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and for the amount of DNA immobilized. The mutagenicity of the constituents of the coatings was assessed. Titanium substrates with or without multilayered DNA-coatings were used in cell culture experiments to study cell proliferation, viability, and morphology. Results of UV-vis spectrophotometry, AFM, and contact angle measurements clearly indicated the progressive build-up of the multilayered coatings. Furthermore, AFM and XPS data showed a more uniform build-up and morphology of [PDL/DNA]coatings compared to [PAH/DNA]-coatings. DNA-immobilization into both coatings was linear, and approximated 3 mg/cm 2 into each double-layer. The surface morphology of both types of multilayered DNA-coatings showed elevations in the nanoscale range. No mutagenic effects of DNA, PDL, or PAH were detected, and cell viability and morphology were not affected by the presence of either type of multilayered DNA-coating. Still, the results of the proliferation assay revealed an increased proliferation of primary rat dermal fibroblasts on both types of multilayered DNA-coatings compared to non-coated controls. The biocompatibility and functionalization of the coatings produced here, will be assessed in subsequent cell culture and animal-implantation studies.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Aug 15, 2018

Fumonisin B 1 (FB 1) and aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1) are fungal metabolites that frequently co-occur in... more Fumonisin B 1 (FB 1) and aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1) are fungal metabolites that frequently co-occur in foodstuffs and are responsible for mycotoxicosis and several primary cancers. Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) has a spacious range of benefit effects but also has some limitations owing to its strong taste or its interaction with some drugs. This study aimed to use the cinnamon oil emulsion droplets (COED) for the protection against oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats subchronically exposed to FB 1 and/or AFB 1. The composition of CEO was identified using GC-MS then was encapsulated using whey protein as wall material. Male rats were divided into eight groups and treated orally for 8 weeks as follows: control group, AFB 1-trreated group (80 μg/kg b.w), FB 1-treated group (100 mg/kg b.w), FB 1 plus AFB 1-treated group, and the groups treated with COED plus FB 1 and/or AFB 1. Blood and samples of the kidney, liver, and testis were collected for different analysis and histopathological examination. The GC-MS analysis revealed that cinnamaldehyde, α-copaene, trans-cinnamaldehyde, caryophyllene, and delta-cadinene were the main compounds in COE. The average size of COED was 235 ± 1.4 nm and the zeta potential was − 6.24 ± 0.56. Treatment with FB 1 and/or AFB 1 induced significant disturbances in the serum biochemical analysis, oxidative stress parameters, DNA fragmentation, gene expression, and testosterone and severe pathological changes in the tested organs. Moreover, treatment with both mycotoxins induced synergistic toxic effects. COED did not induce toxic effects and could normalize the majority of the tested parameters and improve the histological picture in rats treated with FB 1 and/or AFB 1. It could be concluded that COED induce potential protective effects against the single or combined exposure to FB 1 and AFB 1 .

Mutation Research, Apr 1, 2005

Sterigmatocystin (Stg) is closely related to the mycotoxin aflatoxin as a precursor in aflatoxin ... more Sterigmatocystin (Stg) is closely related to the mycotoxin aflatoxin as a precursor in aflatoxin biosynthesis and classified as an IARC Group-2B carcinogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Egyptian montmorillonite (EM), a clay miniral, to adsorb Stg, to test the stability of the resulting complex under different conditions in vitro, and to utilize the Nile tilapia fish as an in vivo model to evaluate the protective effect of EM against Stg-induced toxicity and clastogenicity. In the in vitro study, four concentrations of EM (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/L aqueous solution) and three concentrations of Stg (5, 10 and 50 g/ml) were tested. The results show that EM had a high capacity of adsorbing Stg at different concentrations tested. The adsorption ranged from 93.1 to 97.8% of the available Stg in aqueous solutions. The complex was stable at different pHs at 37 • C in different organic solvents. An in vivo experiment was conducted to evaluate the ability of EM to prevent the toxicity and chromosomal aberrations induced by Stg in the Nile tilapia fish. Fish received an intragastric dose of EM in corn oil (0.5 mg/kg bw) with or without Stg (1.6 g/kg bw) twice a week for 4 weeks. Body weight was recorded during dosing, and blood and tissue samples were collected at the end of treatment. Stg residues were determined in fish tissue. The results show that Stg was toxic and clastogenic to fish as indicated by the significant decrease of body weight and the increase in frequencies of micronucleated red blood cells (MN RBC) and chromosomal aberrations in the kidney. The intragastric administration of EM combined with Stg to fish resulted in a reduction of the number of MN RBC and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in the kidney compared with the group treated with Stg alone. It could be concluded that EM itself was safe and successful in the prevention of Stg toxicity and clastogenicity.

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Jul 1, 2009

The occurrences of mycotoxins as food contaminants in different localities particularly in develo... more The occurrences of mycotoxins as food contaminants in different localities particularly in developing countries and the inevitable exposure of populations and children to these toxins with probable adverse outcomes need be scientifically and systematically assessed. Health risk assessment developed in the 1980s is separate from risk management, both with risk communication form the risk analysis framework adopted by the World Health Organization. The process contributes increasingly to policy development, public health decision making, the establishment of mycotoxin regulations and research planning. However, the exercise of the risk assessment structured approach is not simple and is faced up to lack of data, capable infrastructure facilities and need for trained personnel and resources. Furthermore, adopted methodologies need be developed focusing on child characteristics and health concerns.

Waste and Biomass Valorization, Jun 3, 2023

This work aimed to use linoleic acid extracted from melon seed oil for the development of biologi... more This work aimed to use linoleic acid extracted from melon seed oil for the development of biological compounds, and to use the ash of melon seed cake for fried oil treatment. Eight active compounds were developed using linoleic acid and the elucidation of their structure was established according to elemental analysis and spectral data. The developed compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity. The melon seed cake was carbonized for the treatment of fried oils. The melon seed oil was rich in linoleic acid (61.4%) and it contains several fatty acids including lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linolenic, arachidic, and paulinic in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.73%, 11.7%, 0.11%, 10.3%, 14.1%, 0.49%, 0.19%, and 0.1%, respectively. The extracted linoleic acid showed a high refractive index (1.471), iodine value (122.3 g I 2 /100 g), saponification (184.42 mg KOH/g), low peroxide value (3.9 meq/kg oil), polymer content (1.00%), polar contents (1.95%), and moisture content (42 g/kg). The melon seed ash was rich in several metals including magnesium (743.5 mg/kg), calcium (137 mg/kg), sodium (12.95 mg/kg), potassium (1040 mg/kg), chromium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, and mercury in concentrations of 0.072, 40.88, 19.29, 3.334, 8.21, 0.005, 0.005 mg/ kg, respectively, as well as arsenic (0.09 mg/kg), lead (0.044 mg/kg), phosphorus (1222 mg/kg) and selenium (0.13 mg/ kg) which they improved the physic-chemical properties of fried oils. Linoleic acid was used for the development of 9 compounds with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, the melon seed ash improved the chemical characteristic of used cotton and sunflower oils. Therefore, the linoleic acid extracted from melon seed oil is a promising source for the development of antibacterial agents and the leftover cake is promising for the production of adsorbent material suitable for fried oils treatment.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Chronic HC... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Chronic HCV infection causes progressive hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in up to 20% of patients and <10-20% of cirrhotic patients develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within 5 years. Chronic hepatitis C with cirrhosis is a major risk factor for HCC in Egypt. This community-based study evaluated the role of aflatoxin M (AFM) in 1 1 advanced liver disease with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Egyptian patients. This study was performed on 70 Cases (60 suffering from hepatic disease and 10 healthy persons) aged 30-58 years. AFM in serum was quantified by 1 HPLC method and HCV was quantified by RT-PCR. The results indicated that AFM was significantly higher 1 in male and female patients with high HCV titer compared to the normal healthy controls. However, both male and female patients with moderate HCV titer showed concentrations of AFM lower than those of the normal 1 healthy controls. It is worthy to mention that within the same group AFM was significantly higher in females 1 than males in the high and moderate HCV titer; however, in the healthy control AFM was higher in males than 1 in females. It could be concluded that increased aflatoxin M level is associated with high HCV titer patients 1 with chronic liver disease.

Comunicata Scientiae, Jun 30, 2014

Food commodities such as cereals are subjected to spoilage and bio-deterioration during storage b... more Food commodities such as cereals are subjected to spoilage and bio-deterioration during storage by mycotoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus. Efforts are done to biologically control toxigenic A. flavus and subsequently prevent or at least minimize its aflatoxin production ability, without the need of using synthetic fungicides. Antifungal activity of corn and rice seed-borne mycoflora was tested against aflatoxigenic A. flavus in vitro, using bioassays such as dual culture technique; ability to produce volatile and non-volatile metabolites; ability to inhibit germination and reduce germ tube length of A. flavus conidia; in vivo reduction of aflatoxins level in corn seeds co-inoculated with the pathogen and antagonists. Penicillum crustosum, Aspergillus giganteus, Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus fumigatus isolates showed promising antifungal activities and varying efficiencies of reducing aflatoxins level; however, only A. fumigatus isolate was non-aflatoxigenic. It could be concluded that A. fumigatus could be used effectively as a biopreservative to increase shelf life of cereals during storage, but after testing its tendency to produce other mycotoxins or causing human Aspergillosis.

International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2013

Toxicology Letters, Aug 1, 2011

Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, Dec 31, 2021

Molecular Neurobiology, Feb 20, 2016

Current therapeutic approaches of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are symptomatic and of modest efficacy... more Current therapeutic approaches of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are symptomatic and of modest efficacy, and there is no available effective cure or prevention of AD; hence, the need arise to search for neuroprotective agents to combat AD. The current study aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effect of nanodiamond (ND), adamantine-based nanoparticles, in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment in rats, an experimental model of AD. AD was induced by aluminum chloride (17 mg/kg, p.o. for 6 weeks) and confirmed by Morris water maze and Y-maze behavioral tests. Biochemical and histological analyses of the hippocampus were also performed. Aluminum-treated rats showed behavioral, biochemical, and histological changes similar to those associated with AD. ND improved learning and memory and reversed histological alterations. At the molecular levels, ND mitigated the increase of hippocampal beta-amyloid (Aβ 42) and beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) together with down-regulation of phosphorylated tau protein. It also modulated the excitatory glutamate neurotransmitter level. Furthermore, ND boosted the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and mitochondrial transcription factor-A (TFAM), suppressed the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and curbed oxidative stress by hampering of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Moreover, ND augmented the hippocampal levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3) and B cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) anti-apoptotic protein while diminished nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and caspase-3 (casp-3) expression. These findings indicate the protective effect of ND against memory deficits and AD-like pathological aberrations probably via modulating NF-kB and STAT3 signaling, effects mediated likely by modulating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Aug 1, 2021

Mycorrhizal symbiosis is generally considered effective in ameliorating plant tolerance to abioti... more Mycorrhizal symbiosis is generally considered effective in ameliorating plant tolerance to abiotic stress by altering gene expression, and evaluation of genes involved in ion homeostasis and nutrient uptake. This study aimed to use arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) to alleviate salinity stress and analyse relevant gene expression in pistachio plants under No/NaCl stress in greenhouse conditions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis was used to study the physiological responses, ion distribution and relevant gene expression in pistachio plants under salinity stress. After four months of symbiosis, mycorrhizal root colonization showed a significant reduction in all tested parameters under salt stress treatment compared to non-saline treatment. Salinity affected the morphological traits, and decreased the nutrient content including N, P, Mg and Fe as well as K/Na and Ca/Na ratios, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), and increased the concentration of K, Ca and Na nutrient, glycine betaine, ROS and MDA. Inoculation of seedlings with AMF mitigated the negative effects of salinity on plant growth as indicated by increasing the root colonization, morphological traits, glycine betaine, RWC and MSI. Specifically, under salinity stress, shoot and root dry weight, P and Fe nutrient content, K/Na and Ca/Na ratio of AMF plants were increased by 53.2, 48.6, 71.6, 60.2, 87.5, and 80.1% respectively, in contrast to those of the NMF plants. The contents of Na, O2•− and MDA in AMF plants were significantly decreased by 66.8, 36.8, and 23.1%, respectively at 250 mM NaCl. Moreover, salinity markedly increased SOS1, CCX2 and SKOR genes expression and the inoculation with AMF modulated these genes expression; however, NRT2.4, PHO1 and PIP2.4 gene expressions were increased by salinity and AMF. It could be concluded that inoculation of AMF with Rhizophagus irregularis conferred a larger endurance towards soil salinity in pistachio plants and stimulate the nutrient uptake and ionic homeostasis maintenance, superior RWC and osmoprotection, toxic ion partitioning, maintaining membrane integrity and the ion-relevant genes expression.

Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium spp. It is highly toxic ... more Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium spp. It is highly toxic and widely spread dissemination. DON is considered one of the most important trichothecenes which can generate free radicals, mainly reactive oxygen species (ROS), which enhances lipid peroxidation, reduces the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and eventually leads to apoptosis. Thus, oxidative stress is considered one of the most important mechanisms in DON toxicity. Natural antioxidant agents are considered the most effective to protect against DON for human and animals. In this chapter, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying DON-induced oxidative stress. We also summarized the current literature regarding the silymarin (SIL) and inulin (IN) as antioxidant agents for the protection against DON-induced oxidative stress. This chapter provides an inclusive overview of the mechanism of DON-induced oxidative stress and the mechanisms of antioxidant activity induced by SIL and IN against DON.

Journal of Aging Research, Nov 29, 2019

Propose. is study aimed to evaluate the protective role of young coconut juice (YCJ) against the ... more Propose. is study aimed to evaluate the protective role of young coconut juice (YCJ) against the pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in orchidectomized (orx) rats. Methods and Results. Animals were divided into 7 groups including: baseline normal control group, sham control, orx rat group, orx rat group injected with 2.5 μg/kg b.w. estradiol benzoate (EB) 3 days a week for 10 weeks, and the orx rat groups treated orally with 10, 20, and 40 ml/kg b.w. of YCJ for 10 weeks. At the end of treatment period, animals were sacrificed and the brain of each rat was removed, fixed in 10% neutral formalin, and stained by specific antibodies against NF200, parvalbumin (PV), β-amyloid (Aβ), and estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ). e results showed that the number of NF200-and PV-reactive neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex was significantly reduced in orx rats. However, it restored to normal in orx rats injected with EB or those administrated with YCJ in a dose-related manner. Neurons containing β-amyloid (Aβ), a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), were found to be increased in the orx rats; however; they were reduced by EB injection or YCJ administration. ese results suggested the binding of the YCJ active ingredient(s) with estrogen receptors (ERs) in the brain as indicated by the detection of ERα and ERβ in neurons since a significant correlation was detected between NF200-/PV-reactive neurons vs ERα-/ERβ-reactive neurons.Conclusion. It could be concluded that YCJ is effective as EB in reducing AD pathology, probably by being selective estrogen receptor modulators.

Soft nanoscience letters, 2015

Archives of Toxicology, Sep 14, 2007

Food and Chemical Toxicology, Jul 1, 2007

Aflatoxins are potent toxins and carcinogens which can be excreted in the milk of exposed lactati... more Aflatoxins are potent toxins and carcinogens which can be excreted in the milk of exposed lactating mothers mainly in the form of aflatoxin M(1) (AFM(1)). We previously evaluated the level and frequency of AFM(1) in breast milk in a group of Egyptian mothers attending the New El-Qalyub Hospital, Qalyubiyah governorate, Egypt. In this study, fifty of those women who were AFM(1) positive were revisited monthly for 12 months to assess the temporal variation in breast milk AFM(1). AFM(1) was detected in 248 of 443 (56%) samples. In a multilevel model of the data there was a highly significant (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001) effect of month of sampling on the frequency of AFM(1) detection with summer months having the highest frequency (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;80%) and winter months the lowest frequency (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;20%) of detection. AFM(1) was observed most frequently in June [OR 63, 95% CI (7.6, 522)]. The level of AFM(1) detection also followed this seasonal pattern with highest mean level in July (64 pg/ml milk, range 6.3-497 pg/ml milk) and the lowest mean level in January (8 pg/ml milk, range 4.2-108 pg/ml milk). The duration of lactation [p=0.0035, OR=1.08, 95% CI (1.02, 1.13)], and peanut consumption [p=0.06, OR=1.69, 95% CI (0.9, 2.9)] also contributed to the model. The identification and understanding of factors determining the presence of toxicants in human milk is important and may provide a knowledge driven basis for controlling the transfer of chemicals to infants.

International Journal of Halal Research, Dec 1, 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the safety measures practiced by farmers with use of pesticides in T... more This study aimed to evaluate the safety measures practiced by farmers with use of pesticides in Tubah SubDivision. The data gathered would be useful for drafting policies related to use of pesticides to reduce its effects on human health and the environment. This survey was carried out in November 2016 in Tubah SubDivision , Mezam Division of the North West region of Cameroon. A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 homesteads of the study area. The results revealed that 94.2% of the farmers were untrained in pesticide safety measures, 30.8% did not observe any safety interval before consuming freshly treated crops and 25.8% did not read instructions on pesticide labels before handling. Fifty five percent of the farmers did not use any protective equipment, 79.2% practiced careless pesticide disposal, 13.3% stored pesticides in stores and 7.5% stored pesticides inside their houses. Eighty percent of the families stored their crops via hanging in the house and smoking the crops, while 10.8% stored their crops in sealed bins. Water washing followed by removing the outer cover was applied as a crop cleaning procedure prior to cooking or consumption. Major symptoms such as headache, wheezing, dizziness and skin problems were observed in the homesteads. Some environmental changes observed after application of pesticides were damage of nontarget plants and disappearance of insects. It could be concluded that in Bambili, farmers lacked proper knowledge regarding safe handling and use of pesticides and the adverse effects of improper pesticide use to human health and the environment. This is an open access article under the CC-BY-SA license.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Apr 1, 2022

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the respiratory system and has... more Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors of the respiratory system and has the highest rates of incidence and mortality of malignant tumors. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize berberine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (BBR-COSNPs) and to evaluate their protective effects against urethane-induced lung cancer. Forty male albino mice were divided into four groups, with the first serving as a negative control and the other three groups were injected intraperitoneally with urethane (1 mg/kg b.w) each other day for one week then group 2 was served as a positive control, however, groups 3 and 4 were treated orally with a daily dose of BBR or BBR-COSNPs (75 mg/kg b.w) for 10 consecutive weeks. Blood and lung tissue samples are collected for laboratory assay. The BBR-COSNPs were spherical, with an average particle size of 45.56 nm and zeta potential of 39.82 1.82 mV. The in vivo data demonstrated that mice given urethane alone had a significant increase in MDA, NO, NF-κB level, HIF1-α, and COX-2-positive expression in the lung tissue and serum VEGFR2, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine accompanied with a significant decrease in GSH, SOD, caspase 9 in the lung tissue and serum BAX. Co-treatment with BBR-COSNPs suppressed lung cancer growth and promoted apoptosis by modulating serum BAX and lung caspase 9 gene expressions. In addition, BBR-COSNPs inhibited tumor angiogenesis by reduction in levels of serum VEGFR2 and lung HIF 1 gene expression. It is possible to conclude that BBR-COSNPs can be used in oral administration formulations for lunganticancer therapy.

International Journal of Halal Research, Dec 1, 2019

This study aimed to evaluate pesticide use in farmers in Tubah, North West of Cameroon. The data ... more This study aimed to evaluate pesticide use in farmers in Tubah, North West of Cameroon. The data collected would be valuable for pesticide policies to reduce the effects of pesticides on human health and the environment. This survey was carried out in November and December 2016 in Tubah SubDivision , located in Mezam Division region of North West Cameroon. A survey was conducted on 120 homesteads of the area of the study. The results revealed that 80% of farmers were female. 59.2% had completed primary education whereas no tertiary education was reported among respondents. Insects were the major pests (67.5%) followed by fungi (19.2%), and finally rodents (11.7%). The commonly used pesticides were insecticides; however, herbicides were also used before planting. 19.2% of the farmers fed their livestock and poultry pesticide-treated crops. This study found that farmers in Bambili lacked knowledge in safe handling and use of pesticides. Training programs should be applied to minimize the adverse hazards of pesticides on human health and the environment. This is an open access article under the CC-BY-SA license.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Sep 1, 2020

This study describes the fabrication of two types of multilayered coatings onto titanium by elect... more This study describes the fabrication of two types of multilayered coatings onto titanium by electrostatic self-assembly (ESA), using deoxyribosenucleic acid (DNA) as the anionic polyelectrolyte and poly-D-lysine (PDL) or poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) as the cationic polyelectrolyte. Both coatings were characterized using UV-vis spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photospectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and for the amount of DNA immobilized. The mutagenicity of the constituents of the coatings was assessed. Titanium substrates with or without multilayered DNA-coatings were used in cell culture experiments to study cell proliferation, viability, and morphology. Results of UV-vis spectrophotometry, AFM, and contact angle measurements clearly indicated the progressive build-up of the multilayered coatings. Furthermore, AFM and XPS data showed a more uniform build-up and morphology of [PDL/DNA]coatings compared to [PAH/DNA]-coatings. DNA-immobilization into both coatings was linear, and approximated 3 mg/cm 2 into each double-layer. The surface morphology of both types of multilayered DNA-coatings showed elevations in the nanoscale range. No mutagenic effects of DNA, PDL, or PAH were detected, and cell viability and morphology were not affected by the presence of either type of multilayered DNA-coating. Still, the results of the proliferation assay revealed an increased proliferation of primary rat dermal fibroblasts on both types of multilayered DNA-coatings compared to non-coated controls. The biocompatibility and functionalization of the coatings produced here, will be assessed in subsequent cell culture and animal-implantation studies.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Aug 15, 2018

Fumonisin B 1 (FB 1) and aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1) are fungal metabolites that frequently co-occur in... more Fumonisin B 1 (FB 1) and aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1) are fungal metabolites that frequently co-occur in foodstuffs and are responsible for mycotoxicosis and several primary cancers. Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) has a spacious range of benefit effects but also has some limitations owing to its strong taste or its interaction with some drugs. This study aimed to use the cinnamon oil emulsion droplets (COED) for the protection against oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats subchronically exposed to FB 1 and/or AFB 1. The composition of CEO was identified using GC-MS then was encapsulated using whey protein as wall material. Male rats were divided into eight groups and treated orally for 8 weeks as follows: control group, AFB 1-trreated group (80 μg/kg b.w), FB 1-treated group (100 mg/kg b.w), FB 1 plus AFB 1-treated group, and the groups treated with COED plus FB 1 and/or AFB 1. Blood and samples of the kidney, liver, and testis were collected for different analysis and histopathological examination. The GC-MS analysis revealed that cinnamaldehyde, α-copaene, trans-cinnamaldehyde, caryophyllene, and delta-cadinene were the main compounds in COE. The average size of COED was 235 ± 1.4 nm and the zeta potential was − 6.24 ± 0.56. Treatment with FB 1 and/or AFB 1 induced significant disturbances in the serum biochemical analysis, oxidative stress parameters, DNA fragmentation, gene expression, and testosterone and severe pathological changes in the tested organs. Moreover, treatment with both mycotoxins induced synergistic toxic effects. COED did not induce toxic effects and could normalize the majority of the tested parameters and improve the histological picture in rats treated with FB 1 and/or AFB 1. It could be concluded that COED induce potential protective effects against the single or combined exposure to FB 1 and AFB 1 .

Mutation Research, Apr 1, 2005

Sterigmatocystin (Stg) is closely related to the mycotoxin aflatoxin as a precursor in aflatoxin ... more Sterigmatocystin (Stg) is closely related to the mycotoxin aflatoxin as a precursor in aflatoxin biosynthesis and classified as an IARC Group-2B carcinogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Egyptian montmorillonite (EM), a clay miniral, to adsorb Stg, to test the stability of the resulting complex under different conditions in vitro, and to utilize the Nile tilapia fish as an in vivo model to evaluate the protective effect of EM against Stg-induced toxicity and clastogenicity. In the in vitro study, four concentrations of EM (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/L aqueous solution) and three concentrations of Stg (5, 10 and 50 g/ml) were tested. The results show that EM had a high capacity of adsorbing Stg at different concentrations tested. The adsorption ranged from 93.1 to 97.8% of the available Stg in aqueous solutions. The complex was stable at different pHs at 37 • C in different organic solvents. An in vivo experiment was conducted to evaluate the ability of EM to prevent the toxicity and chromosomal aberrations induced by Stg in the Nile tilapia fish. Fish received an intragastric dose of EM in corn oil (0.5 mg/kg bw) with or without Stg (1.6 g/kg bw) twice a week for 4 weeks. Body weight was recorded during dosing, and blood and tissue samples were collected at the end of treatment. Stg residues were determined in fish tissue. The results show that Stg was toxic and clastogenic to fish as indicated by the significant decrease of body weight and the increase in frequencies of micronucleated red blood cells (MN RBC) and chromosomal aberrations in the kidney. The intragastric administration of EM combined with Stg to fish resulted in a reduction of the number of MN RBC and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in the kidney compared with the group treated with Stg alone. It could be concluded that EM itself was safe and successful in the prevention of Stg toxicity and clastogenicity.

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Jul 1, 2009

The occurrences of mycotoxins as food contaminants in different localities particularly in develo... more The occurrences of mycotoxins as food contaminants in different localities particularly in developing countries and the inevitable exposure of populations and children to these toxins with probable adverse outcomes need be scientifically and systematically assessed. Health risk assessment developed in the 1980s is separate from risk management, both with risk communication form the risk analysis framework adopted by the World Health Organization. The process contributes increasingly to policy development, public health decision making, the establishment of mycotoxin regulations and research planning. However, the exercise of the risk assessment structured approach is not simple and is faced up to lack of data, capable infrastructure facilities and need for trained personnel and resources. Furthermore, adopted methodologies need be developed focusing on child characteristics and health concerns.

Waste and Biomass Valorization, Jun 3, 2023

This work aimed to use linoleic acid extracted from melon seed oil for the development of biologi... more This work aimed to use linoleic acid extracted from melon seed oil for the development of biological compounds, and to use the ash of melon seed cake for fried oil treatment. Eight active compounds were developed using linoleic acid and the elucidation of their structure was established according to elemental analysis and spectral data. The developed compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity. The melon seed cake was carbonized for the treatment of fried oils. The melon seed oil was rich in linoleic acid (61.4%) and it contains several fatty acids including lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linolenic, arachidic, and paulinic in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.73%, 11.7%, 0.11%, 10.3%, 14.1%, 0.49%, 0.19%, and 0.1%, respectively. The extracted linoleic acid showed a high refractive index (1.471), iodine value (122.3 g I 2 /100 g), saponification (184.42 mg KOH/g), low peroxide value (3.9 meq/kg oil), polymer content (1.00%), polar contents (1.95%), and moisture content (42 g/kg). The melon seed ash was rich in several metals including magnesium (743.5 mg/kg), calcium (137 mg/kg), sodium (12.95 mg/kg), potassium (1040 mg/kg), chromium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, and mercury in concentrations of 0.072, 40.88, 19.29, 3.334, 8.21, 0.005, 0.005 mg/ kg, respectively, as well as arsenic (0.09 mg/kg), lead (0.044 mg/kg), phosphorus (1222 mg/kg) and selenium (0.13 mg/ kg) which they improved the physic-chemical properties of fried oils. Linoleic acid was used for the development of 9 compounds with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, the melon seed ash improved the chemical characteristic of used cotton and sunflower oils. Therefore, the linoleic acid extracted from melon seed oil is a promising source for the development of antibacterial agents and the leftover cake is promising for the production of adsorbent material suitable for fried oils treatment.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Chronic HC... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Chronic HCV infection causes progressive hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in up to 20% of patients and <10-20% of cirrhotic patients develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within 5 years. Chronic hepatitis C with cirrhosis is a major risk factor for HCC in Egypt. This community-based study evaluated the role of aflatoxin M (AFM) in 1 1 advanced liver disease with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Egyptian patients. This study was performed on 70 Cases (60 suffering from hepatic disease and 10 healthy persons) aged 30-58 years. AFM in serum was quantified by 1 HPLC method and HCV was quantified by RT-PCR. The results indicated that AFM was significantly higher 1 in male and female patients with high HCV titer compared to the normal healthy controls. However, both male and female patients with moderate HCV titer showed concentrations of AFM lower than those of the normal 1 healthy controls. It is worthy to mention that within the same group AFM was significantly higher in females 1 than males in the high and moderate HCV titer; however, in the healthy control AFM was higher in males than 1 in females. It could be concluded that increased aflatoxin M level is associated with high HCV titer patients 1 with chronic liver disease.

Comunicata Scientiae, Jun 30, 2014

Food commodities such as cereals are subjected to spoilage and bio-deterioration during storage b... more Food commodities such as cereals are subjected to spoilage and bio-deterioration during storage by mycotoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus. Efforts are done to biologically control toxigenic A. flavus and subsequently prevent or at least minimize its aflatoxin production ability, without the need of using synthetic fungicides. Antifungal activity of corn and rice seed-borne mycoflora was tested against aflatoxigenic A. flavus in vitro, using bioassays such as dual culture technique; ability to produce volatile and non-volatile metabolites; ability to inhibit germination and reduce germ tube length of A. flavus conidia; in vivo reduction of aflatoxins level in corn seeds co-inoculated with the pathogen and antagonists. Penicillum crustosum, Aspergillus giganteus, Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus fumigatus isolates showed promising antifungal activities and varying efficiencies of reducing aflatoxins level; however, only A. fumigatus isolate was non-aflatoxigenic. It could be concluded that A. fumigatus could be used effectively as a biopreservative to increase shelf life of cereals during storage, but after testing its tendency to produce other mycotoxins or causing human Aspergillosis.

International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2013

Toxicology Letters, Aug 1, 2011