Achal Garg | National School of Leadership (original) (raw)

Papers by Achal Garg

Roads and transport sector perhaps is the most troubled one with annual vehicular growth reaching... more Roads and transport sector perhaps is the most troubled one with annual vehicular growth reaching an unprecedented rate of 10 percent, congestion, and lack of parking spaces are everyday problems citizens face in Dehradun city. The extremely narrow roads in the core city area, inadequate traffic management throughout the city, and a general lack of proper road hierarchy requires a sustained effort over a period of time to reorganize the road sector. A highly efficient transport system, which offers easy access to jobs, education, healthcare and other needs, is essential. Some cities do prepare urban transport master plan by conducting traffic and transportation studies, but such plans mainly focus on vehicular movement and do not pay enough attention to the mobility of people and goods. The major emphasis in these plans remains on extensive infrastructure development. The concept of Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) for Dehradun city is to have a long-term vision for desirable acces...

Large ocean-going vessels require large quantities of petroleum to generate the propulsive power ... more Large ocean-going vessels require large quantities of petroleum to generate the propulsive power to overcome resistance for their motion across water surfaces. As a result, ship produces Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Sulphur Oxide (SOx) which effect global climate change and ocean acidification. Many techniques introduce to reduce harmful toxic components from emission. It is proven fact that the drag resistance is most important factor for fuel consumption. Reducing drag resistance means reduction of necessary power, and so reduction of fuel consumption which leads to higher profit margins as well as cleaner environment. Air lubrication is next generation technology to reduce these toxic components from emission by means of reducing frictional resistance of large ocean going vessels. Few companies are implementing this technology in commercial vessels. This paper highlights these processes with its scope of future development.

International Educational Scientific Research Journal, 2015

The subject has long been a matter of concern since the industrialization of the country brought ... more The subject has long been a matter of concern since the industrialization of the country brought in its pollution hazards. Environmental chemicals pose a potential threat to health, because a large number of people get exposed to chemicals that linger in the environment. The present exposure to the environmental chemicals is more likely to produce toxicity that adult exposure. For radiation, methyl mercury, lead etc. the child is at greater risk then the adult. Subtle functional deviations in the off-springs of exposed mothers may be one of the most sensitive indications of potential harm from environmental chemicals. The consequences of prenatal environmental exposures may not be evident till the advanced age. Air pollution has come to stay in metropolitan and industrial towns. Both environmental monitoring and health monitoring of the exposed population has to be done regularly, so that the pollution could be controlled and man of today and tomorrow could live a healthier and happ...

Interest in harnessing nuclear energy for the service of mankind has been continuously growing si... more Interest in harnessing nuclear energy for the service of mankind has been continuously growing since the first atomic reactor was built in late 1950s, but the industry grew in strength with the wave of new build in the 1970s. The management and control of radioactivity from a nuclear industry is an integrated and intricate problem with no single, unique solution. Whereas existing research and experience provide useful guidelines, each situation has to be explored in itself and a good amount of scientific research and engineering judgment put in before a satisfactory solution is found. We cannot eliminate radiation from our environment. We can, however, reduce our risks by controlling, to some extent, our exposure to it. The best procedure for Indian situation is to first make a detailed engineering and economical evaluation and choose the best suitable process for a particular project. All extraneous factors eliminated it might be easier to assess the safety aspect. This paper prese...

Energy efficiency is very specific to end-use applications or particular systems. However, on an ... more Energy efficiency is very specific to end-use applications or particular systems. However, on an aggregate economy wide basis, energy efficiency does not provide a useful measure for comparison due to variations in the structure of energy supply and the end-use energy applications. Reduction in energy intensity is a part of the sustainable development program since it is closely linked to the management of climate change. With recent economic expansion, construction investment growth in India is forecasted at 12% overall and 23% in the commercial sector. India will add 80% of the total floor space estimated for 2030. Without a concerted effort to reduce energy intensity in buildings, the additional demand for electricity will exacerbate the chronic power shortage situation in India. Indian policymakers have started a three-pronged approach to market transformation, i.e. rating systems to recognize leaders in energy efficiency, financial incentive programs to move the middle of the m...

Rural road connectivity is one of the key components for rural development in Indian context, as ... more Rural road connectivity is one of the key components for rural development in Indian context, as it promotes access to economic and social services, generating increased agricultural income and productive employment in various parts of the country. The conventional methods and specifications tend to recommend products and technologies, however difficult and distance away they may be, which normally results in higher cost of construction, could not become popular due to procedural constraints, lack of awareness, and exposure. At this juncture, an attempt is made to bring in together innovations and discuss their positive impacts so as to convince the field engineers and stakeholders in adopting the effective products and technologies. The rural roads asset created using the valuable environmental resources such as precious soil, stone, and other products, it has to be maintained to deliver the desired level of service in the design life. In recent years, applications of industrial wa...

Before the end of the decade of the 1980’s red mud became a major concern in world environmental ... more Before the end of the decade of the 1980’s red mud became a major concern in world environmental discussions. Red mud is a solid waste product of the Bayer process, the principal industrial means of refining bauxite in order to provide alumina as raw material for the electrolysis of aluminum by the Hall-Heroult Process. Red mud is composed of a mixture of solid and metallic oxide-bearing impurities, and presents one of the aluminum industry's most important disposal problems. The alumina industry is facing an important problem regarding the settling or separation of red mud during the production process as it not only affects the productivity of alumina but also its purity. Red mud cannot be disposed of easily and in most countries where red mud is produced, it is pumped into holding ponds. The utilization of red mud is of great significance from the point of view of resource conservation & sustainability of the aluminum industry. The direction of the researches undertaken to ut...

Global Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2020

Shipbuilding is known as one of the oldest, most open and highly competitive markets in the world... more Shipbuilding is known as one of the oldest, most open and highly competitive markets in the world. In time wood was replaced by iron and steel, leadership in the global shipbuilding went from hand to hand; from Great Britain to Japan, then to South Korea, and finally to China. Taking into account the possibility of strong economic growth in India, is presented. This is performed by comparing the expected impact on global ship building sector due to India. Conditions of expected global ship building growth rates and Indian growth rates which may yield another boom are presented. This paper studies the ship building and ship repair industry in India, specifically using China as a basis for comparison. An overview of the current shipping profile of India is presented followed by a comparative discussion to understand the reasons for India to lag behind China in this sector.

Indian Journal of Applied Research, 2011

The storm water drainage of Dehradun city is a complex situation, owing to the combination of a n... more The storm water drainage of Dehradun city is a complex situation, owing to the combination of a number of natural and man-made drainage systems. There are a large number of mid-size drains that are either unlined or have damaged lining. The current drainage system of the city employs simple covered drain systems in most parts. There is a quick need to plan for a proper solution to the sewage outlet of the rapid growing capital city of the hill state of Uttarakhand. In this paper, we are discussing the major issues of the drainage system along with plan to overcome the existing problem and reviewing the status of the existing drainage system of the city and the infrastructure for setup. Recognizing the problems of the drainage and storm water management, we present recommendations for the decision makers to find sustainable solutions for development of the city.

International Journal of Scientific Research, 2012

International journal of scientific research, 2015

As a material on the leading edge of concrete innovation, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) ... more As a material on the leading edge of concrete innovation, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) provides a new technology to expand a pre-caster’s business with new products and solutions. The material’s combination of superior properties facilitates the ability to design thin, multiplex shapes, curvatures and highly customized textures – applications which are difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional reinforced concrete elements. Due to UHPC’s plastic and hardened properties, plus the elimination of rebar, pre-casters can achieve complex shapes that are extremely durable and cost effective, and require little preservation. The material re-produces textures, form and shape with high precision and can be produced in a range of enduring colors. With UHPC, pre-casters can offer new, innovative building envelope solutions for creative architects; for example: structural, decorative perforated facades in mesh or lattice- style designs; ultra-thin, lightweight panels with larg...

Global Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2020

— India is the fourth largest economy in the world but the shape of infrastructure in India has b... more — India is the fourth largest economy in the world but the shape of infrastructure in India has been a source of concern for the global as well as the investors within the nation in tapping its potential as a business destination. The factors that are obstructing its growth and development is mainly due to the lack of world class infrastructure itself. Unlike other sectors, wherein market forces alone are enough for development, infrastructure sector need much more regulatory, clarity and frameworks for both private and public investments. Projects in the sector typically involve many partners with the state playing a crucial role. As such appropriate contractual arrangements, credit enhancement and other forms of financial support from the state, and non-distortionary subsidies became crucial to the growth of infrastructure. With the increasing role of the private sector, the need for appropriate forms of public private partnerships and especially private finance initiatives cannot be overemphasized. Similarly, appropriate regulatory modes and market creating efforts are necessary in many sectors. The source of information has been secondary for this research. In this paper, we are focusing on the major challenges and impediments to infrastructure development in the country. The paper concludes that fiscal support will continue to be dominant for infrastructure development but equally important are enabling policies that could lead to streamlining of procedures and protection of interests of both investors and consumers.

Selection of material is most important factor to reduce the burden of wasted material, wasted en... more Selection of material is most important factor to reduce the burden of wasted material, wasted energy and money in ship design. Generally ship structure faces many different types of destructive attack but aqueous corrosion is most troublesome in them. This paper focuses on aqueous corrosion of steel of ship structure and how chemical composition of water of Ganges river, affecting river going vessel at Hooghly stretches from Baharampur to Diamond Harbor.

Following the disastrous accident of 20 April 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico, where an explosion on d... more Following the disastrous accident of 20 April 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico, where an explosion on drilling rig Deepwater strata, exploring oil and gas at the Macondo well about 60 kilometer offshore the US coast, caused the death of 11 workers and severe injuries to many others including massive sea pollution from the release of 5 million barrels of crude oil. As it has been dramatically demonstrated not only in the Macondo well accident but in a variety of cases, offshore oil rig activities entail the hazard of a major accident with potentially severe consequences to the life and health of workers, pollution of the ecosystem, direct and indirect economic losses, and deterioration of the security of energy supply. While consequences of potential accidents to life and health of the workers, environment and especially of the neighbouring coastal areas, and direct economic damage are direct effects and can easily be assessed, indirect economic loss and outcomes of the accident to security of energy supply are more difficult to be assessed accurately. After a first brief reference to the obstacles related to the exploration and production activities in oil and gas rigs, the analysis goes to the existing sources of information and their availability to the public. The primary objective of the study is to analyse the safety aspects of the offshore operations in oil and gas industry with an assessment of the resources available for accident analysis and information based communication for offshore.

— The subject has long been a matter of concern since the industrialization of the country brough... more — The subject has long been a matter of concern since the industrialization of the country brought in its pollution hazards. The present exposure to the environmental chemicals is more likely to produce toxicity that adult exposure. Subtle functional deviations in the off-springs of exposed mothers may be one of the most sensitive indications of potential harm from environmental chemicals. The air pollutants contaminate air, water and soil, corrode materials, dirty buildings and clothing, harm plants and wild life and affect human health. To determine that an environmental change is going to be unfavorable requires a careful study of ecological system, known as the ecosystem. In an ecosystem the living organisms are interrelated and well-adjusted to their environment, comprising biotic components of plants, animals and microbes. The correlation between growth transitions of green plants, which grow outdoors and are continuously exposed to pollutants, and pollutant concentrations have helped decipher pollution zones. These zones extend in the direction of the prevailing wind, assuming an elliptic shape; the axis of the ellipse being oriented from southwest to northeast direction with the pollution source at the southwest end. In such instances the northeast extension of the ellipse penetrates deep into the natural and rural habitats.

Business can only thrive in healthy economies where social and environmental needs are satisfied ... more Business can only thrive in healthy economies where social and environmental needs are satisfied as well as economic ones. It needs reliable water supplies to manufacture products and deliver services to its customers. It also needs safe sanitation systems to protect the health of its employees and to treat and recycle used water. It needs healthy and vibrant communities and attractive environments in which it can do business. These cannot exist if water management is neglected. Water should be high on the business agenda because all businesses depend on water. The continuity and future success of any business are impacted by the availability, cost, and quality of water at many points along the value chain, including upstream, midstream, and downstream. Like people and governments, businesses tend to ignore water until it becomes scarce, polluted, too expensive, or in some way is mismanaged. But in the near future, as a result of changes in both human and natural systems that affect water availability, access, affordability, and quality, the water management challenges facing humanity will become more complex. In any case, it is time for businesses of all sectors and sizes to add water to their strategic thinking. There has been little attention to the fact that, in the end, total water consumption and pollution relate to what and how much community consumes and to the structure of the global economy that supplies the various consumer goods and services. The aim of the present paper is to critically discuss the various strategies which help the company becoming water neutral.

International Educational Scientific Research Journal, 2015

Global Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2020

Indian Journal of Applied Research, 2011

International Journal of Scientific Research, 2012

International journal of scientific research, 2015

Global Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2020