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Papers by Ting-Chia (Ching-Kun) Hsu

Research paper thumbnail of Visualising trends in computational thinking research from 2012 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis

Thinking Skills and Creativity

Research paper thumbnail of Learning Performance of Different Genders’ Computational Thinking

Sustainability

While the role of computational thinking (CT) has been widely reported in technology applications... more While the role of computational thinking (CT) has been widely reported in technology applications and further integrated into interdisciplinary learning, the integration of pedagogy-supported interdisciplinary activities for the empowerment of girls’ learning must not solely emphasise CT problem-solving skills. Rather, it must scaffold them with interactive learning that supports their characteristics while catering to gender equality. In this study, a gender-balanced interdisciplinary activity, integrating CT with Mandarin learning (ML), was designed for an elementary school in the Mandarin as a Second Language learning context using Social Robots (SRs). It sought to verify the results of the proposed method along with focused activities and interaction in an SR-integrated activity on the CT abilities and target-language learning of young learners. A total of 46 Grade 5 students, 26 boys and 20 girls, participated in the experiment. The study used a quasi-experimental method by exa...

Research paper thumbnail of Corrigendum: Effects of a pair programming educational robot-based approach on students' interdisciplinary learning of computational thinking and language learning

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of voice assistant creation using different learning approaches on performance of computational thinking

Computers & Education

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of using mobile phone programs to control educational robots on the programming self-efficacy of the third grade students

International Conference Computational Thinking Education, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Thinking Education 2020

The Education University of Hong Kong, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the learning behaviors of the third grader students integrating robots and the computational thinking board game in singapore and taiwan

International Conference Computational Thinking Education, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of An empirical study of analyzing the behaviors of the sixth grade students in learning english oral interaction with educational robots

International Conference Computational Thinking Education, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Investigating the relations between the learning styles, the collaborative roles and the learning outcomes of the students playing a mobile-assisted chinese character game

Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of students using smartphones to receive different amount of L1 support for listening comprehension and vocabulary recall

Research paper thumbnail of Assessments for computational thinking in primary and secondary schools

Research paper thumbnail of The engagement of students when learning to use a personal audio classifier to control robot cars in a computational thinking board game

Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning

This research explored the creative thinking, learning achievement, and engagement of students wh... more This research explored the creative thinking, learning achievement, and engagement of students when they integrated the application of the personal audio classifier (PAC) into the competition of a computational thinking (CT) board game (i.e., the experimental group), or did not integrate it into the competition but only collaborated with peers to test the function of the program which they had developed (i.e., the control group). The students had experienced popular speech recognition usage in their daily life, such as Siri and Google Assistant; therefore, this study developed instructional material for university freshmen to learn to develop their own artificial intelligence (AI) application (app) on a smart phone with PAC in MIT App Inventor. The PAC platform and the learning material cultivated students to train their own voice classification model, which is a form of supervised machine learning in the AI domain. The results showed that both groups, who had successfully trained c...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of the concept mapping and reflection strategies on motivations of EFL learners

international conference on computers in education, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Interaction of visual interface and academic levels with young students’ anxiety, playfulness, and enjoyment in programming for robot control

Universal Access in the Information Society, 2021

Young students’ engagement in computer programming has been recognized as a crucial issue in educ... more Young students’ engagement in computer programming has been recognized as a crucial issue in educational settings nowadays. In this study, a block-based programming approach was employed to investigate its impacts on the learning anxiety, playfulness, and enjoyment of young students with different academic levels. A total of 175 10th graders participated in the study. The participants were asked to use block-based programming to control a robot. The experimental results show that the block-based programming, which engages students in programming tasks using a building block-like visual interface, significantly reduced the students’ learning anxiety while also promoting their playfulness and enjoyment in the perspectives of computational thinking. It was also found that the block-based programming benefited the low- and medium-achievement more than the high-achievement students did. Therefore, it was inferred that block-based programming would be useful for those people who have worse learning performance in conventional programming learning so they need further remedial instruction. Moreover, male students had lower learning anxiety and higher playfulness than the female students. The findings could be a good reference for researchers and school teachers who intend to conduct programming activities for young children.

Research paper thumbnail of Integration of peer assessment and shadowing strategies for improving the oral performance of EFL learners

Research paper thumbnail of The different effects of daily-life instant response social media and an educational feedback system on flipped learning: from the evidence of behavioral analysis

Interactive Learning Environments, 2019

In this study, we used the application software installed on students' smart phones as instantly ... more In this study, we used the application software installed on students' smart phones as instantly interactive tools during class time in a flipped learning context. One popular daily-life instant interaction application, Line, provided the students with text or multimedia feedback in time sequence; one non-daily instant interaction application, PAL+, provided the students with inscribed feedback in time sequence; and one educational instant interaction application, SpeakUP!, provided the students with anonymous feedback in time sequence. We compared the students' behaviors of using the different interactive systems for interactions in the flipped classroom class time. The study applied learning analytics techniques and used behavioral analysis to identify the role of the daily-life instant response application in flipped learning, and found how the instant feedback systems enhanced discussion in the classroom.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of a Pair Programming Educational Robot-Based Approach on Students’ Interdisciplinary Learning of Computational Thinking and Language Learning

Frontiers in Psychology

Using educational robots (ERs) to integrate computational thinking (CT) with cross-disciplinary c... more Using educational robots (ERs) to integrate computational thinking (CT) with cross-disciplinary content has gone beyond Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), to include foreign-language learning (FL) and further cross-context target-language (TL) acquisition. Such integration must not solely emphasise CT problem-solving skills. Rather, it must provide students with interactive learning to support their target-language (TL) interaction while reducing potential TL anxiety. This study aimed to validate the effects of the proposed method of pair programming (PP) along with question-and-response interaction in a board-game activity on young learners’ CT skills and TL learning across contexts. Two Grade 6 classes, one with 15 students who were studying Chinese as a Second Language (CSL) and the other with 15 students who were studying English as a Foreign Language (EFL), participated in the activity. A series of instruments on achievement assessment, questionnaires on ...

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of interactions between peer assessment and learning styles on students’ mobile learning achievements and motivations in vocational design certification courses

Interactive Learning Environments, 2020

In this study, a peer assessment-based mobile learning approach was implemented and evaluated in ... more In this study, a peer assessment-based mobile learning approach was implemented and evaluated in a vocational design certification course. A quasi-experiment was conducted to explore the impact of ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of a Dynamic Repertory Grid for Peer Assessment: Peer Assessment of Computer Software Application Certificate Practice

2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI), 2016

This study developed a novel peer assessment system from the approach of knowledge engineering. G... more This study developed a novel peer assessment system from the approach of knowledge engineering. Gathering information from experts, a dynamic repertory grid was created as a peer assessment form to be used in a computer skills class taught in a vocational school. This form is dynamic in that it allows student reviewers to select personalized assessment criteria from a bank of items, causing students to reflect on the purpose of the assignment being reviewed and how to best characterize the performance of the student completing the assignment as well as providing ample feedback for students. The results compared the performance of the students using the proposed system with that of the ones using conventional approaches, and found that those who applied the proposed approach learned better and made significant improvement.

Research paper thumbnail of Proceedings of International Teacher Forum on International Conference on Computational Thinking Education 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Visualising trends in computational thinking research from 2012 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis

Thinking Skills and Creativity

Research paper thumbnail of Learning Performance of Different Genders’ Computational Thinking

Sustainability

While the role of computational thinking (CT) has been widely reported in technology applications... more While the role of computational thinking (CT) has been widely reported in technology applications and further integrated into interdisciplinary learning, the integration of pedagogy-supported interdisciplinary activities for the empowerment of girls’ learning must not solely emphasise CT problem-solving skills. Rather, it must scaffold them with interactive learning that supports their characteristics while catering to gender equality. In this study, a gender-balanced interdisciplinary activity, integrating CT with Mandarin learning (ML), was designed for an elementary school in the Mandarin as a Second Language learning context using Social Robots (SRs). It sought to verify the results of the proposed method along with focused activities and interaction in an SR-integrated activity on the CT abilities and target-language learning of young learners. A total of 46 Grade 5 students, 26 boys and 20 girls, participated in the experiment. The study used a quasi-experimental method by exa...

Research paper thumbnail of Corrigendum: Effects of a pair programming educational robot-based approach on students' interdisciplinary learning of computational thinking and language learning

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of voice assistant creation using different learning approaches on performance of computational thinking

Computers & Education

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of using mobile phone programs to control educational robots on the programming self-efficacy of the third grade students

International Conference Computational Thinking Education, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Thinking Education 2020

The Education University of Hong Kong, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the learning behaviors of the third grader students integrating robots and the computational thinking board game in singapore and taiwan

International Conference Computational Thinking Education, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of An empirical study of analyzing the behaviors of the sixth grade students in learning english oral interaction with educational robots

International Conference Computational Thinking Education, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Investigating the relations between the learning styles, the collaborative roles and the learning outcomes of the students playing a mobile-assisted chinese character game

Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of students using smartphones to receive different amount of L1 support for listening comprehension and vocabulary recall

Research paper thumbnail of Assessments for computational thinking in primary and secondary schools

Research paper thumbnail of The engagement of students when learning to use a personal audio classifier to control robot cars in a computational thinking board game

Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning

This research explored the creative thinking, learning achievement, and engagement of students wh... more This research explored the creative thinking, learning achievement, and engagement of students when they integrated the application of the personal audio classifier (PAC) into the competition of a computational thinking (CT) board game (i.e., the experimental group), or did not integrate it into the competition but only collaborated with peers to test the function of the program which they had developed (i.e., the control group). The students had experienced popular speech recognition usage in their daily life, such as Siri and Google Assistant; therefore, this study developed instructional material for university freshmen to learn to develop their own artificial intelligence (AI) application (app) on a smart phone with PAC in MIT App Inventor. The PAC platform and the learning material cultivated students to train their own voice classification model, which is a form of supervised machine learning in the AI domain. The results showed that both groups, who had successfully trained c...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of the concept mapping and reflection strategies on motivations of EFL learners

international conference on computers in education, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Interaction of visual interface and academic levels with young students’ anxiety, playfulness, and enjoyment in programming for robot control

Universal Access in the Information Society, 2021

Young students’ engagement in computer programming has been recognized as a crucial issue in educ... more Young students’ engagement in computer programming has been recognized as a crucial issue in educational settings nowadays. In this study, a block-based programming approach was employed to investigate its impacts on the learning anxiety, playfulness, and enjoyment of young students with different academic levels. A total of 175 10th graders participated in the study. The participants were asked to use block-based programming to control a robot. The experimental results show that the block-based programming, which engages students in programming tasks using a building block-like visual interface, significantly reduced the students’ learning anxiety while also promoting their playfulness and enjoyment in the perspectives of computational thinking. It was also found that the block-based programming benefited the low- and medium-achievement more than the high-achievement students did. Therefore, it was inferred that block-based programming would be useful for those people who have worse learning performance in conventional programming learning so they need further remedial instruction. Moreover, male students had lower learning anxiety and higher playfulness than the female students. The findings could be a good reference for researchers and school teachers who intend to conduct programming activities for young children.

Research paper thumbnail of Integration of peer assessment and shadowing strategies for improving the oral performance of EFL learners

Research paper thumbnail of The different effects of daily-life instant response social media and an educational feedback system on flipped learning: from the evidence of behavioral analysis

Interactive Learning Environments, 2019

In this study, we used the application software installed on students' smart phones as instantly ... more In this study, we used the application software installed on students' smart phones as instantly interactive tools during class time in a flipped learning context. One popular daily-life instant interaction application, Line, provided the students with text or multimedia feedback in time sequence; one non-daily instant interaction application, PAL+, provided the students with inscribed feedback in time sequence; and one educational instant interaction application, SpeakUP!, provided the students with anonymous feedback in time sequence. We compared the students' behaviors of using the different interactive systems for interactions in the flipped classroom class time. The study applied learning analytics techniques and used behavioral analysis to identify the role of the daily-life instant response application in flipped learning, and found how the instant feedback systems enhanced discussion in the classroom.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of a Pair Programming Educational Robot-Based Approach on Students’ Interdisciplinary Learning of Computational Thinking and Language Learning

Frontiers in Psychology

Using educational robots (ERs) to integrate computational thinking (CT) with cross-disciplinary c... more Using educational robots (ERs) to integrate computational thinking (CT) with cross-disciplinary content has gone beyond Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), to include foreign-language learning (FL) and further cross-context target-language (TL) acquisition. Such integration must not solely emphasise CT problem-solving skills. Rather, it must provide students with interactive learning to support their target-language (TL) interaction while reducing potential TL anxiety. This study aimed to validate the effects of the proposed method of pair programming (PP) along with question-and-response interaction in a board-game activity on young learners’ CT skills and TL learning across contexts. Two Grade 6 classes, one with 15 students who were studying Chinese as a Second Language (CSL) and the other with 15 students who were studying English as a Foreign Language (EFL), participated in the activity. A series of instruments on achievement assessment, questionnaires on ...

Research paper thumbnail of Impacts of interactions between peer assessment and learning styles on students’ mobile learning achievements and motivations in vocational design certification courses

Interactive Learning Environments, 2020

In this study, a peer assessment-based mobile learning approach was implemented and evaluated in ... more In this study, a peer assessment-based mobile learning approach was implemented and evaluated in a vocational design certification course. A quasi-experiment was conducted to explore the impact of ...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of a Dynamic Repertory Grid for Peer Assessment: Peer Assessment of Computer Software Application Certificate Practice

2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI), 2016

This study developed a novel peer assessment system from the approach of knowledge engineering. G... more This study developed a novel peer assessment system from the approach of knowledge engineering. Gathering information from experts, a dynamic repertory grid was created as a peer assessment form to be used in a computer skills class taught in a vocational school. This form is dynamic in that it allows student reviewers to select personalized assessment criteria from a bank of items, causing students to reflect on the purpose of the assignment being reviewed and how to best characterize the performance of the student completing the assignment as well as providing ample feedback for students. The results compared the performance of the students using the proposed system with that of the ones using conventional approaches, and found that those who applied the proposed approach learned better and made significant improvement.

Research paper thumbnail of Proceedings of International Teacher Forum on International Conference on Computational Thinking Education 2020