Taimoor Ashraf Khan | National University of Medical Sciences, Pakistan (original) (raw)

Papers by Taimoor Ashraf Khan

Life and Science

Objective: To assess pathologies in patients previously diagnosed with migraine for their recurre... more Objective: To assess pathologies in patients previously diagnosed with migraine for their recurrent headachecomplaints, with an aim to uncover the misdiagnosis of migraine.Study Design: Prospective cohort study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Emergency Departments of Military Hospital andCombined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from April 2018 to February 2019.Materials and Methods: This study is a prospective cohort study. Raosoft was used for sample size calculation.Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. All patients included in the study were diagnosed asa case of migraine by a Medical Specialist /Neurologist and were already on treatment protocols for migraine.All patients with additional CNS pathology were excluded from this study. The data analysis was done using IBMSPSS for Windows version 25. Categorical Data was presented as percentages and frequencies.Results: One hundred thirty one patients participated in the study. The s...

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal

Objective: To assess the smoking abstinence rate after a twenty-minutes structured counselling se... more Objective: To assess the smoking abstinence rate after a twenty-minutes structured counselling session. Study Design: Prospective Cohort Study. Place and Duration of Study: Respiratory Clinic, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jun to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total of 400 active smokers visiting respiratory clinics were inducted into counselling sessions of twenty-minute duration for a structured smoking cessation counselling advice during which additional information regarding age, motivation status, duration of smoking, previous cessation attempts etc., was also recorded. All candidates were followed by telephone for six months for subject-reported abstinence status. Results: All the study participants were males between 39 to 64 years of age (mean age: 52.27 ± 4.78 years), of which 23 lost to follow-up, 102 (25.5%) remained quitters successfully, while the remaining 305 candidates relapsed at the end of 6 months. The highest relapse was observed at the end o...

Cureus

Open Access Original Article

The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine

Background Susac syndrome is a rare disease with multisystem manifestations. While the exact path... more Background Susac syndrome is a rare disease with multisystem manifestations. While the exact pathogenesis is not known, it has been proposed to be an autoimmune endotheliopathy affecting the microvasculature of the brain, retina, and inner ear. The disease is characterized by a triad of encephalopathy, vision loss, and hearing loss. However, patients may not have the triad at initial presentation and present with only a single finding. Case presentation A 25-year-old male resident of Panu Akil presented to Combined Military Hospital Lahore with complaints of dizziness and vertigo associated with severe migraine like headaches. He experienced sudden painless loss of vision in his right eye and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit. On examination, he had right-beating nystagmus and diplopia along with scintillating scotoma. After his admission, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done which showed numerous enhancing bilateral white matter internal capsule...

Cureus

Introduction Color vision testing was first seen as a parameter to be tested in the 1700s. Nowada... more Introduction Color vision testing was first seen as a parameter to be tested in the 1700s. Nowadays, it is a well-known phenomenon with significant quality-of-life implications. Structures involved in color vision include the lens, pupil, retinal cone photopigments, and several photoreceptor processes that translate the incoming spectrum of different light wavelengths into a processed colored image. An initial color vision assessment was made simply by comparing the color perception of the individual to that of the examiner. The most commonly used tools to screen for color vision defects today are color plates, such as the Ishihara color plates. In the modern age, smartphones have evolved to become an essential part of our everyday lives with applications such as Eye Handbook, which allow easier access to color vision testing using color plates displayed on smartphone screens. In this study, we compared color vision testing on Android and iOS devices to the standard Ishihara booklet. Materials and methods A cross-sectional validation study was performed on patients presenting to the Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan for six months. The sample size collected was 162 with a 95% confidence interval. The age range of the sample population was kept at 12-70 years. A patient was selected for participation in the study, and a color vision assessment was performed using the Ishihara color plates and Android and iOS smartphones. The collected data was then entered into IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Statistics 25 for analysis, with the p-value being kept at 0.05. Results The sample size was 162, with the gender distribution being predominantly male (69.14%). The average age of the participants was 35.94 (SD = 12.04). The result of the two-tailed paired sample z-test was not significant based on a p-value of 0.565, indicating the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. This finding suggests the difference between the mean of Ishihara and the mean of the iPhone was not significantly different from zero. Similar results were found for comparisons between Android smartphones and the Ishihara booklet. Conclusions Previous studies conducted showed nearly 60% of subjects with normal color vision correctly identified all colors on standard Ishihara color plates. The two-tailed paired sample t-test conducted in our study showed no significant difference between either of the smartphone groups (iPhone or Android) and the Ishihara booklet group, indicating that smartphones present a viable alternative to standard Ishihara booklet testing. However, there are certain limitations to our study. Different types of smartphone screens present a challenge in standardization while testing color vision, something that is not a problem when using the Ishihara booklet. However, smartphones are more widely available, more versatile, and present far greater ease of access. Both these factors should be considered when comparing the two in future studies.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2020

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Rosuvastatin 5mg and Simvastatin 20mg in reducing low-densi... more Objective: To compare the efficacy of Rosuvastatin 5mg and Simvastatin 20mg in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, from Jul 2017 to Jan 2018. Methodology: Patients of type 2 diabetes with hypercholesterolemia (mean LDL-C levels >100 mg/dl) were included in the study. In a sample of 100 patients, half of the patients were in the Rosuvastatin 5mg group (group A) while half patients were in the Simvastatin 20mg group (group B). Non-probability consecutive sampling was done. We followed up the patients for 6 weeks. All the laboratory investigations were performed from the laboratory of the same hospital. Investigator himself recorded all the information including name, age, gender, weight, LDL-C levels, Renal function test reports and CK-MB levels in a self-designed, self-admi...

Cureus

Ocular coloboma is a rare congenital anomaly that arises due to an abnormality in embryogenesis. ... more Ocular coloboma is a rare congenital anomaly that arises due to an abnormality in embryogenesis. It occurs due to failed fusion of the embryonic fissure resulting in a persistent defect. Colobomas may present with vision loss but are most commonly asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. In this article, we present a case of asymptomatic chorioretinal coloboma diagnosed on routine screening. The patient was managed with prophylactic argon laser retinopexy to prevent complications leading to visual impairment in the future.

The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine

Background Horner’s syndrome is a rare complication of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. I... more Background Horner’s syndrome is a rare complication of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. It comprises a triad of unilateral ptosis, ipsilateral meiosis with a normally reactive pupil, and ipsilateral facial anhidrosis of variable spread. Case presentation A 25-year-old female who underwent CVC insertion developed ptosis, reverse ptosis, meiosis, dilational lag, and enophthalmos after her procedure. The patient was diagnosed with a case of Horner’s syndrome attributed to occulosympathetic damage due to CVC in the catheter, after exclusion of all other sources. The patient was counseled regarding the etiology of the disease and advised monthly follow-up. Conclusions Horner’s syndrome is an uncommon complication that can easily be prevented by corrections in technique and experience. The study emphasizes the establishment of diagnostic and preventive principles for HS.

The Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Background Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) is a genetic condition that constitutes specific vertebral... more Background Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) is a genetic condition that constitutes specific vertebral anomalies combined with coastal or thoracic anomalies due to specific gene mutations. Although the condition is associated typically to Puerto-Ricans, we describe the novel case of JLS in a Pakistani family that presented with respiratory distress secondary to the condition. Case presentation The case is a full-term girl that had a webbed neck with an undefined chest deformity. Radiology showed kyphoscoliosis and a crablike chest. Early identification of these high morbidity conditions is key to allow for optimal treatment and improved outcomes. Conclusions We have provided a brief breakdown of the management principles of the condition and more than 80 years after the first case of Jarcho-Levin syndrome was reported, we present the diagnostic criterion for JLS.

PAFMJ

Objective: To characterize the clinical presentations and laboratory markers (as disease predicto... more Objective: To characterize the clinical presentations and laboratory markers (as disease predictors and markers) and severity of disease in patients admitted with dengue fever. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Infectious Diseases, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from May to Oct 2018 Methodology: In our study, we included the patients treated for dengue fever. Data were recorded on predesigned proforma and analyzed using Microsoft excel 365 and Social Package for Statistical Sciences version 23. Results: A total of 160 patients were included in this study, all were males. All cases were positive for Nonstructural Protein 1 Antigen. Symptoms seen in abundance were fever with rigors, chills, backache, retro-orbital pain, nausea and vomiting. Manual platelet count at admission ranged from 15-396 x 103 (mean 107.5 ± 6.8 x 103). Platelet count on discharge ranged from 102-577 x 103 (mean 207.9 ± 95.4 x 103). A total of 34...

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To find the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in gall bladders with all grades ... more Objective: To find the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in gall bladders with all grades peri-operative inflammation. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Nov 2018 to Aug 2019. Methodology: All patients with symptomatic gall bladder disease who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (emergency/elective procedure) and American Anesthesiology Society (ASA) Score 1 or 2 were included in the study. Results: A total of 330 patients with a mean ± SD age of 48.01 ± 14.13 years underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Out of 330 patients, 129 (39.1%) had acute inflammation of gall bladder while 201 (69.9%) cases were operated electively. The rate of conversion and complications were somehow lesser in both categories as the overall conversion rate was 15 (4.5%). Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for symptomatic gall stones. Moreover, it is safe option in acute and ...

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 2020

PAFMJ, Oct 30, 2020

Objective: To predict the severity and visual outcomes following treatment in patients sustaining... more Objective: To predict the severity and visual outcomes following treatment in patients sustaining eye trauma using ocular trauma scale. Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Background: Oral environment stabilization (OES) procedure in literature includes filling of the ... more Background: Oral environment stabilization (OES) procedure in literature includes filling of the carious lesions & extraction of effected teeth. This study was aimed to observe the effects of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) on Streptococcus mutans count in saliva of pregnant women. Methods: A total of 64 pregnant women diagnosed with at least 3 untreated carious teeth were enrolled and randomly allocated in to study and control groups. Saliva samples were taken from both study and control groups at baseline and follow-up visits. Results: ART was given to the study group only and a statistically significant reduction was found in Salivary streptococcus mutans count (p<0.001) after this treatment in the study group when compared with the controls. Conclusion: ART is an effective intervention and oral environment stabilization procedure in reducing salivary streptococcus mutans count in pregnant women that will also minimize the vertical transmission. Received | 26-04-2018: A...

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2019

Objective: To assess and compare level of knowledge of doctors and allied health professionals wo... more Objective: To assess and compare level of knowledge of doctors and allied health professionals working with cerebral palsy children at the Children‟s Hospital, Lahore regarding use of ICF-CY Study Design: Comparative - cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The Children‟s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from Jan 2017 to Mar 2017. Methodology: Sixty two professionals, 31 doctors and 31 allied health professionals, who were primarily involved in rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy were included. Detailed information was taken from these professionals regarding their baseline knowledge for the use of ICF-CY in children with cerebral palsy using comprehensive core set of ICF-CY. Tutorial sessions were conducted for creating awareness of ICF-CY. Sameinformation was recorded again and level of knowledge was assessed. Post tutorial comparison was made between the knowledge of two groups by applying t-test. Results: Study showed that participants had ...

Oman Journal of Ophthalmology, 2021

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare disease in which pseudomembranes develop on the mucosal surface... more Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare disease in which pseudomembranes develop on the mucosal surfaces of the eye. Only a handful of cases have been reported in the past 100 years. Although plasminogen deficiency is largely implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition, infectious agents are also thought to play a role in worsening the disease. Treatment is usually challenging. We present a case of 3-year-old female in whom a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from the culture of the pseudomembranes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time P. aeruginosa has been implicated as an exacerbation factor. Furthermore, we have given merit to the triple regimen of corticosteroids, heparin, and cyclosporine as being effective. We also added antibiotics to target the infectious organism.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2020

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare, genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous autosomal recessive d... more Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare, genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder. It is characterized by various congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure usually at a very young age and of tumor development. The mean age of diagnosis was 7 years and the average life expectancy was 25 years. We report a rare case of fanconi anemia presenting as a solid tumor of buccal cavity and found to be metastasizing on staging at an unusually late age i.e. 52 years.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2019

Objective: To determine the frequency of Human leukocyte antigen B-27 patients with clinically di... more Objective: To determine the frequency of Human leukocyte antigen B-27 patients with clinically diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis and frequency of peripheral joints‟ involvement and serum inflammatory markers (raised serum C-reactive protein & erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Rheumatology Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi for duration of 10 months from Jan 2018 to Oct 2018. Methodology: We included 100 cases of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Sample was selected by consecutive sampling technique and used “(Modified) New York Classification Criteria for Ankylosing Spondylitis”. Blood samples for C-reactive protein & erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Human leukocyte antigen B-27 were analysed by the same pathologist. We analyzed the data by using SPSS version 20. Results: Mean age of cases was 25 ± 4.5 years. Seventy-seven patients were positive for Human leukocyte antigen B27 and 23 were nega...

Life and Science

Objective: To assess pathologies in patients previously diagnosed with migraine for their recurre... more Objective: To assess pathologies in patients previously diagnosed with migraine for their recurrent headachecomplaints, with an aim to uncover the misdiagnosis of migraine.Study Design: Prospective cohort study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Emergency Departments of Military Hospital andCombined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from April 2018 to February 2019.Materials and Methods: This study is a prospective cohort study. Raosoft was used for sample size calculation.Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. All patients included in the study were diagnosed asa case of migraine by a Medical Specialist /Neurologist and were already on treatment protocols for migraine.All patients with additional CNS pathology were excluded from this study. The data analysis was done using IBMSPSS for Windows version 25. Categorical Data was presented as percentages and frequencies.Results: One hundred thirty one patients participated in the study. The s...

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal

Objective: To assess the smoking abstinence rate after a twenty-minutes structured counselling se... more Objective: To assess the smoking abstinence rate after a twenty-minutes structured counselling session. Study Design: Prospective Cohort Study. Place and Duration of Study: Respiratory Clinic, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Jun to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total of 400 active smokers visiting respiratory clinics were inducted into counselling sessions of twenty-minute duration for a structured smoking cessation counselling advice during which additional information regarding age, motivation status, duration of smoking, previous cessation attempts etc., was also recorded. All candidates were followed by telephone for six months for subject-reported abstinence status. Results: All the study participants were males between 39 to 64 years of age (mean age: 52.27 ± 4.78 years), of which 23 lost to follow-up, 102 (25.5%) remained quitters successfully, while the remaining 305 candidates relapsed at the end of 6 months. The highest relapse was observed at the end o...

Cureus

Open Access Original Article

The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine

Background Susac syndrome is a rare disease with multisystem manifestations. While the exact path... more Background Susac syndrome is a rare disease with multisystem manifestations. While the exact pathogenesis is not known, it has been proposed to be an autoimmune endotheliopathy affecting the microvasculature of the brain, retina, and inner ear. The disease is characterized by a triad of encephalopathy, vision loss, and hearing loss. However, patients may not have the triad at initial presentation and present with only a single finding. Case presentation A 25-year-old male resident of Panu Akil presented to Combined Military Hospital Lahore with complaints of dizziness and vertigo associated with severe migraine like headaches. He experienced sudden painless loss of vision in his right eye and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit. On examination, he had right-beating nystagmus and diplopia along with scintillating scotoma. After his admission, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done which showed numerous enhancing bilateral white matter internal capsule...

Cureus

Introduction Color vision testing was first seen as a parameter to be tested in the 1700s. Nowada... more Introduction Color vision testing was first seen as a parameter to be tested in the 1700s. Nowadays, it is a well-known phenomenon with significant quality-of-life implications. Structures involved in color vision include the lens, pupil, retinal cone photopigments, and several photoreceptor processes that translate the incoming spectrum of different light wavelengths into a processed colored image. An initial color vision assessment was made simply by comparing the color perception of the individual to that of the examiner. The most commonly used tools to screen for color vision defects today are color plates, such as the Ishihara color plates. In the modern age, smartphones have evolved to become an essential part of our everyday lives with applications such as Eye Handbook, which allow easier access to color vision testing using color plates displayed on smartphone screens. In this study, we compared color vision testing on Android and iOS devices to the standard Ishihara booklet. Materials and methods A cross-sectional validation study was performed on patients presenting to the Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan for six months. The sample size collected was 162 with a 95% confidence interval. The age range of the sample population was kept at 12-70 years. A patient was selected for participation in the study, and a color vision assessment was performed using the Ishihara color plates and Android and iOS smartphones. The collected data was then entered into IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Statistics 25 for analysis, with the p-value being kept at 0.05. Results The sample size was 162, with the gender distribution being predominantly male (69.14%). The average age of the participants was 35.94 (SD = 12.04). The result of the two-tailed paired sample z-test was not significant based on a p-value of 0.565, indicating the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. This finding suggests the difference between the mean of Ishihara and the mean of the iPhone was not significantly different from zero. Similar results were found for comparisons between Android smartphones and the Ishihara booklet. Conclusions Previous studies conducted showed nearly 60% of subjects with normal color vision correctly identified all colors on standard Ishihara color plates. The two-tailed paired sample t-test conducted in our study showed no significant difference between either of the smartphone groups (iPhone or Android) and the Ishihara booklet group, indicating that smartphones present a viable alternative to standard Ishihara booklet testing. However, there are certain limitations to our study. Different types of smartphone screens present a challenge in standardization while testing color vision, something that is not a problem when using the Ishihara booklet. However, smartphones are more widely available, more versatile, and present far greater ease of access. Both these factors should be considered when comparing the two in future studies.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2020

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Rosuvastatin 5mg and Simvastatin 20mg in reducing low-densi... more Objective: To compare the efficacy of Rosuvastatin 5mg and Simvastatin 20mg in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi, from Jul 2017 to Jan 2018. Methodology: Patients of type 2 diabetes with hypercholesterolemia (mean LDL-C levels >100 mg/dl) were included in the study. In a sample of 100 patients, half of the patients were in the Rosuvastatin 5mg group (group A) while half patients were in the Simvastatin 20mg group (group B). Non-probability consecutive sampling was done. We followed up the patients for 6 weeks. All the laboratory investigations were performed from the laboratory of the same hospital. Investigator himself recorded all the information including name, age, gender, weight, LDL-C levels, Renal function test reports and CK-MB levels in a self-designed, self-admi...

Cureus

Ocular coloboma is a rare congenital anomaly that arises due to an abnormality in embryogenesis. ... more Ocular coloboma is a rare congenital anomaly that arises due to an abnormality in embryogenesis. It occurs due to failed fusion of the embryonic fissure resulting in a persistent defect. Colobomas may present with vision loss but are most commonly asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. In this article, we present a case of asymptomatic chorioretinal coloboma diagnosed on routine screening. The patient was managed with prophylactic argon laser retinopexy to prevent complications leading to visual impairment in the future.

The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine

Background Horner’s syndrome is a rare complication of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. I... more Background Horner’s syndrome is a rare complication of central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. It comprises a triad of unilateral ptosis, ipsilateral meiosis with a normally reactive pupil, and ipsilateral facial anhidrosis of variable spread. Case presentation A 25-year-old female who underwent CVC insertion developed ptosis, reverse ptosis, meiosis, dilational lag, and enophthalmos after her procedure. The patient was diagnosed with a case of Horner’s syndrome attributed to occulosympathetic damage due to CVC in the catheter, after exclusion of all other sources. The patient was counseled regarding the etiology of the disease and advised monthly follow-up. Conclusions Horner’s syndrome is an uncommon complication that can easily be prevented by corrections in technique and experience. The study emphasizes the establishment of diagnostic and preventive principles for HS.

The Cardiothoracic Surgeon

Background Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) is a genetic condition that constitutes specific vertebral... more Background Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) is a genetic condition that constitutes specific vertebral anomalies combined with coastal or thoracic anomalies due to specific gene mutations. Although the condition is associated typically to Puerto-Ricans, we describe the novel case of JLS in a Pakistani family that presented with respiratory distress secondary to the condition. Case presentation The case is a full-term girl that had a webbed neck with an undefined chest deformity. Radiology showed kyphoscoliosis and a crablike chest. Early identification of these high morbidity conditions is key to allow for optimal treatment and improved outcomes. Conclusions We have provided a brief breakdown of the management principles of the condition and more than 80 years after the first case of Jarcho-Levin syndrome was reported, we present the diagnostic criterion for JLS.

PAFMJ

Objective: To characterize the clinical presentations and laboratory markers (as disease predicto... more Objective: To characterize the clinical presentations and laboratory markers (as disease predictors and markers) and severity of disease in patients admitted with dengue fever. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Infectious Diseases, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from May to Oct 2018 Methodology: In our study, we included the patients treated for dengue fever. Data were recorded on predesigned proforma and analyzed using Microsoft excel 365 and Social Package for Statistical Sciences version 23. Results: A total of 160 patients were included in this study, all were males. All cases were positive for Nonstructural Protein 1 Antigen. Symptoms seen in abundance were fever with rigors, chills, backache, retro-orbital pain, nausea and vomiting. Manual platelet count at admission ranged from 15-396 x 103 (mean 107.5 ± 6.8 x 103). Platelet count on discharge ranged from 102-577 x 103 (mean 207.9 ± 95.4 x 103). A total of 34...

PAFMJ, 2021

Objective: To find the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in gall bladders with all grades ... more Objective: To find the outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in gall bladders with all grades peri-operative inflammation. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Nov 2018 to Aug 2019. Methodology: All patients with symptomatic gall bladder disease who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (emergency/elective procedure) and American Anesthesiology Society (ASA) Score 1 or 2 were included in the study. Results: A total of 330 patients with a mean ± SD age of 48.01 ± 14.13 years underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Out of 330 patients, 129 (39.1%) had acute inflammation of gall bladder while 201 (69.9%) cases were operated electively. The rate of conversion and complications were somehow lesser in both categories as the overall conversion rate was 15 (4.5%). Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for symptomatic gall stones. Moreover, it is safe option in acute and ...

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan, 2020

PAFMJ, Oct 30, 2020

Objective: To predict the severity and visual outcomes following treatment in patients sustaining... more Objective: To predict the severity and visual outcomes following treatment in patients sustaining eye trauma using ocular trauma scale. Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Background: Oral environment stabilization (OES) procedure in literature includes filling of the ... more Background: Oral environment stabilization (OES) procedure in literature includes filling of the carious lesions & extraction of effected teeth. This study was aimed to observe the effects of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) on Streptococcus mutans count in saliva of pregnant women. Methods: A total of 64 pregnant women diagnosed with at least 3 untreated carious teeth were enrolled and randomly allocated in to study and control groups. Saliva samples were taken from both study and control groups at baseline and follow-up visits. Results: ART was given to the study group only and a statistically significant reduction was found in Salivary streptococcus mutans count (p<0.001) after this treatment in the study group when compared with the controls. Conclusion: ART is an effective intervention and oral environment stabilization procedure in reducing salivary streptococcus mutans count in pregnant women that will also minimize the vertical transmission. Received | 26-04-2018: A...

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2019

Objective: To assess and compare level of knowledge of doctors and allied health professionals wo... more Objective: To assess and compare level of knowledge of doctors and allied health professionals working with cerebral palsy children at the Children‟s Hospital, Lahore regarding use of ICF-CY Study Design: Comparative - cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The Children‟s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from Jan 2017 to Mar 2017. Methodology: Sixty two professionals, 31 doctors and 31 allied health professionals, who were primarily involved in rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy were included. Detailed information was taken from these professionals regarding their baseline knowledge for the use of ICF-CY in children with cerebral palsy using comprehensive core set of ICF-CY. Tutorial sessions were conducted for creating awareness of ICF-CY. Sameinformation was recorded again and level of knowledge was assessed. Post tutorial comparison was made between the knowledge of two groups by applying t-test. Results: Study showed that participants had ...

Oman Journal of Ophthalmology, 2021

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare disease in which pseudomembranes develop on the mucosal surface... more Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare disease in which pseudomembranes develop on the mucosal surfaces of the eye. Only a handful of cases have been reported in the past 100 years. Although plasminogen deficiency is largely implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition, infectious agents are also thought to play a role in worsening the disease. Treatment is usually challenging. We present a case of 3-year-old female in whom a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from the culture of the pseudomembranes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time P. aeruginosa has been implicated as an exacerbation factor. Furthermore, we have given merit to the triple regimen of corticosteroids, heparin, and cyclosporine as being effective. We also added antibiotics to target the infectious organism.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2020

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare, genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous autosomal recessive d... more Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare, genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder. It is characterized by various congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure usually at a very young age and of tumor development. The mean age of diagnosis was 7 years and the average life expectancy was 25 years. We report a rare case of fanconi anemia presenting as a solid tumor of buccal cavity and found to be metastasizing on staging at an unusually late age i.e. 52 years.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 2019

Objective: To determine the frequency of Human leukocyte antigen B-27 patients with clinically di... more Objective: To determine the frequency of Human leukocyte antigen B-27 patients with clinically diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis and frequency of peripheral joints‟ involvement and serum inflammatory markers (raised serum C-reactive protein & erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Rheumatology Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi for duration of 10 months from Jan 2018 to Oct 2018. Methodology: We included 100 cases of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Sample was selected by consecutive sampling technique and used “(Modified) New York Classification Criteria for Ankylosing Spondylitis”. Blood samples for C-reactive protein & erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Human leukocyte antigen B-27 were analysed by the same pathologist. We analyzed the data by using SPSS version 20. Results: Mean age of cases was 25 ± 4.5 years. Seventy-seven patients were positive for Human leukocyte antigen B27 and 23 were nega...