Jenny Bencardino | New York University (original) (raw)

Papers by Jenny Bencardino

Research paper thumbnail of Accuracy of cartilage and subchondral bone spatial thickness distribution from MRI

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2003

Purpose: To assess three-dimensional measurement accuracy of articular cartilage (AC) and subchon... more Purpose: To assess three-dimensional measurement accuracy of articular cartilage (AC) and subchondral bone (SB) thickness from MRI.

Research paper thumbnail of Head to Toe Imaging Conference

Research paper thumbnail of Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 7:175-185

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumul... more Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumulation of pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in articular and periarticular tissues. Various terms have been utilized to describe this arthropathy, which has led to some confusion. CPPD crystal deposition disease is among many conditions that may result in crystal deposition within cartilage. Chondrocalcinosis is a pathologic and radiographic term denoting calcification of cartilage within joints including both hyaline articular cartilage and fibrocartilage. Pseudogout is a clinical term applied to an acute inflammatory process in a joint(s) mimicking a gout attack. Pseudogout is just one of the multiple clinical presentations for CPPD crystal deposition disease. Pyrophosphate arthropathy is a term that has been used to describe the peculiar pattern of joint destruction associated with CPPD crystal deposition disease. This article reviews the protean manifestations of CPPD crystal deposition disease with emphasis on diagnostic imaging.

Research paper thumbnail of Constricted Access to the Subscapularis Recess in Association with Sublabral Foramen and Variations of the Middle Glenohumeral Ligament: MR Imaging Study with Cadaveric Correlation

PURPOSE To determine the association of a sublabral foramen with constricted distension of the su... more PURPOSE To determine the association of a sublabral foramen with constricted distension of the subscapularis (SSc) recess and the presence of a thick and/or high riding middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL). METHOD AND MATERIALS Fifty-eight cases of sublabral foramina on conventional or arthrographic MR imaging were retrospectively collected searching our computer data base. The studies were reviewed for the presence of constricted fluid distension of the SSc recess and a thick and/or high riding MGHL, using the biceps as an internal size standard. The following findings were recorded: 1) thick MGHL; 2) high riding MGHL and/or conjoined origin with the superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL); 3) complex fluid signal/loose bodies within the SSc recess and 4) fluid volume of the constricted SSc recess. Cadaveric correlation of the SSc recess anatomy was performed using MR arthrography with band saw correlation. RESULTS Ten out of 58 were excluded due to previous surgery and/or technically...

Research paper thumbnail of Low Lying Medial Head of Triceps on MR Imaging: Is It a Reliable Predictor of Ulnar Neuritis?

PURPOSE To determine if a low lying medial triceps muscle and tendon insertion are MR predictors ... more PURPOSE To determine if a low lying medial triceps muscle and tendon insertion are MR predictors of ulnar neuritis METHOD AND MATERIALS A retrospective review of 542 consecutive elbow MR exams from 1/2009 to 9/2011 yielded 25 patients (13M, 12W, age: 24-82 mean 48) with clinical diagnosis of ulnar neuritis comprising the study group, and 50 patients (32M, 18W, age: 20-79 mean 45) without clinical or MR evidence of medial elbow pathology comprising the control group. The following variables were measured by one reader blinded to clinical history and MR findings: Medial triceps muscle belly (MTMB) and tendon insertion (MTTI) distance relative to the superior olecranon (see figure), average (ACSA) and maximum ulnar nerve cross section area (MCSA), and nerve-to-muscle signal ratio (NMSR). Subjects were divided into three groups: 1) low lying muscle (<0) and low lying tendon (<0), 2) low lying muscle (<0) and non low lying tendon (≥0), and 3) non low lying muscle and tendon (bot...

Research paper thumbnail of Adventitial cystic disease of the radial artery - two case reports and a review

Bulletin of the NYU hospital for joint diseases

A 29-year-old female presented with pain and a palpable mass in the left wrist. Imaging demonstra... more A 29-year-old female presented with pain and a palpable mass in the left wrist. Imaging demonstrated a multiloculated cystic mass adjacent to the radial aspect of the scaphoid, which was intimately associated with and appeared to arise from the wall of the radial artery and its dorsal branch. The mass was surgically resected. The histological analysis confirmed the presence of adventitial cystic disease (ACD) of the radial artery. In addition, within a year time span, a second 34-year-old male patient presented with a palpable mass in the right hand. Imaging demonstrated a cystic mass encasing the dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery and its terminal vessels to the thumb and index finger. The diagnosis of ACD was raised based on MR imaging. Histological analysis confirmed the presence of an adventitial cyst. ACD of the arteries is a rare disorder of unknown etiology, which usually involves the popliteal artery. Less common sites of involvement include the external iliac, common...

Research paper thumbnail of MR imaging of tendon lesions of the hand and wrist

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, 2004

MR imaging of the hand and wrist tendons has greatly benefited from the use of dedicated surface ... more MR imaging of the hand and wrist tendons has greatly benefited from the use of dedicated surface coils, which allow fine depiction of the intricate anatomy of these structures, owing to high spatial resolution images as well as superb soft tissue contrast. MR imaging of the wrist and hand is obtained in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes. The axial and sagittal planes provide most of the information necessary, however, to assess the tendons at the wrist and hand. The axial images are optimal for evaluating tendon morphology, longitudinal splits, tendon sheath fluid, and adjacent soft tissues such as overlying retinacula. The sagittal images are most useful for depicting abnormalities of the finger flexor and extensor tendons.

Research paper thumbnail of Editorial

Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Preface

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Advanced shoulder imaging

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Update on the shoulder. Preface

Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology, 2003

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumul... more Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumulation of pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in articular and periarticular tissues. Various terms have been utilized to describe this arthropathy, which has led to some confusion. CPPD crystal deposition disease is among many conditions that may result in crystal deposition within cartilage. Chondrocalcinosis is a pathologic and radiographic term denoting calcification of cartilage within joints including both hyaline articular cartilage and fibrocartilage. Pseudogout is a clinical term applied to an acute inflammatory process in a joint(s) mimicking a gout attack. Pseudogout is just one of the multiple clinical presentations for CPPD crystal deposition disease. Pyrophosphate arthropathy is a term that has been used to describe the peculiar pattern of joint destruction associated with CPPD crystal deposition disease. This article reviews the protean manifestations of CPPD crystal depositio...

Research paper thumbnail of Neuropathies of the Upper Extremity

Musculoskeletal Diseases 2013–2016, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Magnetic Resonance Neurography of the Pelvis and Lumbosacral Plexus

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, 2014

Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have revolutionized peripheral nerve imaging a... more Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have revolutionized peripheral nerve imaging and made high-resolution acquisitions a clinical reality. High-resolution dedicated MR neurography techniques can show pathologic changes within the peripheral nerves as well as elucidate the underlying disorder or cause. Neurogenic pain arising from the nerves of the pelvis and lumbosacral plexus poses a particular diagnostic challenge for the clinician and radiologist alike. This article reviews the advances in MR imaging that have allowed state-of-the-art high-resolution imaging to become a reality in clinical practice.

Research paper thumbnail of MR Imaging of the Midfoot and Forefoot

Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Focus on Advanced Magnetic Resonance Techniques in Clinical Practice

Radiologic Clinics of North America, 2015

Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) provides the greatest degree of soft tissue contrast in the ... more Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) provides the greatest degree of soft tissue contrast in the evaluation of peripheral nerves. Utilization of MRN relies on (1) peripheral nerve anatomy, (2) the spectrum of pathology, and (3) familiarity with dedicated MR imaging techniques. Although there remain several pitfalls in MRN imaging, awareness of these pitfalls improves imaging quality and limits misinterpretation. Most importantly, maintaining a direct line of communication with the referring clinician allows for the greatest degree of diagnostic accuracy.

Research paper thumbnail of Soft Tissue Injury to the Elbow

Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological Imaging of Osteomyelitis

A Multidisciplinary Approach, 2013

ABSTRACT The most common presentation of musculoskeletal infection is acute hematogenous osteomye... more ABSTRACT The most common presentation of musculoskeletal infection is acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. Recovery of the microorganism from a focus of osteomyelitis or a positive blood culture in a patient with clinical and radiographic findings consistent with infection often allows a definitive diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Recent imaging advances have changed the diagnostic approach to osteomyelitis. A section on pathological findings and significance talks about conventional radiography, MR imaging, Ultrasound, and CT imaging. Prosthetic joint infection and diabetic foot infection are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Acute Injury of the Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone: A Common but Unrecognized Lesion in the Immature Knee

American Journal of Roentgenology, 2004

We studied the prevalence of injuries of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone after acute... more We studied the prevalence of injuries of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone after acute trauma in skeletally immature knees using high-resolution MRI. We reviewed knee MRIs of 126 young children and adolescents suspected to have internal knee derangement, including 82 with open physes and a control group of 44 who were skeletally mature. High-resolution proton density and T2-weighted pulse sequences were used in all patients. The prevalence of common injuries in the two groups was compared using chi-square analysis. Levels of interobserver agreement for evaluation of chondral lesions in the skeletally immature group were determined using the kappa statistic. In the skeletally immature group, chondral lesions were the most prevalent injuries (prevalence = 0.34, p = 0.009) followed by meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament injuries (prevalence = 0.23 and 0.24, respectively). No significant difference in the prevalence of chondral injury before and after physeal closure was seen (p = 0.45). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries between the two groups, but meniscal injuries were more prevalent in the skeletally mature patients (prevalence = 0.41, p = 0.037). Interobserver agreement for chondral injuries in the group with open physes was good (weighted kappa = 0.45-0.51). The most common injuries occurring as a result of acute trauma to the immature knee were chondral. In patients with open physes, chondral injuries were significantly more prevalent than anterior cruciate ligament and meniscal injuries.

Research paper thumbnail of Differentiating os acromiale from normally developing acromial ossification centers using magnetic resonance imaging

Skeletal Radiology, 2015

Acromial fusion may not be complete until age 18-25, making it questionable to diagnose os acromi... more Acromial fusion may not be complete until age 18-25, making it questionable to diagnose os acromiale in adolescents. Os acromiale may exist in adolescents and can be differentiated from a developing acromial ossification center based on MRI findings. A total of 128 MRIs of the shoulder were randomly and blindly reviewed retrospectively by two musculoskeletal radiologists. The MRIs consisted of two groups: (1) 56 of os acromiale in adults (25-74 years old, mean, 50) and (2) 72 consecutive of adolescents (12-17 years old, mean, 14.5). The following were assessed at the interface between the distal acromion and os acromiale/developing ossification center(s): presence of os acromiale vs. developing acromion, orientation, margins, and edema within and adjacent to it. Fifty-one adults and 49 adolescents were included. Exclusions were due to poor image quality or confounding findings (n = 7) or complete acromial fusion (n = 21 adolescents). Utilizing accepted definitions of os acromiale, all adult cases (100 %) were accurately diagnosed as os acromiale, with transverse interface orientation and irregular margins (94 %, R = 0.86, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.00001). Forty-five (92 %) adolescent cases were accurately diagnosed as normally developing acromion with arched interface and lobulated margins (92 %, R = 0.92, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.000001). Four (8 %) adolescent cases were diagnosed as having os acromiale, with transverse orientation and irregular margins. Thirty-five (69 %) and 46 (90 %) adults had marrow and interface edema, respectively. Six (12 %) and eight (16 %) adolescents had marrow and interface edema, respectively, including the four concluded to be os acromiale. Adolescents may have imaging findings consistent with os acromiale. The diagnosis of os acromiale should be based on imaging features and not limited by age.

Research paper thumbnail of Accuracy of cartilage and subchondral bone spatial thickness distribution from MRI

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2003

Purpose: To assess three-dimensional measurement accuracy of articular cartilage (AC) and subchon... more Purpose: To assess three-dimensional measurement accuracy of articular cartilage (AC) and subchondral bone (SB) thickness from MRI.

Research paper thumbnail of Head to Toe Imaging Conference

Research paper thumbnail of Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 7:175-185

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumul... more Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumulation of pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in articular and periarticular tissues. Various terms have been utilized to describe this arthropathy, which has led to some confusion. CPPD crystal deposition disease is among many conditions that may result in crystal deposition within cartilage. Chondrocalcinosis is a pathologic and radiographic term denoting calcification of cartilage within joints including both hyaline articular cartilage and fibrocartilage. Pseudogout is a clinical term applied to an acute inflammatory process in a joint(s) mimicking a gout attack. Pseudogout is just one of the multiple clinical presentations for CPPD crystal deposition disease. Pyrophosphate arthropathy is a term that has been used to describe the peculiar pattern of joint destruction associated with CPPD crystal deposition disease. This article reviews the protean manifestations of CPPD crystal deposition disease with emphasis on diagnostic imaging.

Research paper thumbnail of Constricted Access to the Subscapularis Recess in Association with Sublabral Foramen and Variations of the Middle Glenohumeral Ligament: MR Imaging Study with Cadaveric Correlation

PURPOSE To determine the association of a sublabral foramen with constricted distension of the su... more PURPOSE To determine the association of a sublabral foramen with constricted distension of the subscapularis (SSc) recess and the presence of a thick and/or high riding middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL). METHOD AND MATERIALS Fifty-eight cases of sublabral foramina on conventional or arthrographic MR imaging were retrospectively collected searching our computer data base. The studies were reviewed for the presence of constricted fluid distension of the SSc recess and a thick and/or high riding MGHL, using the biceps as an internal size standard. The following findings were recorded: 1) thick MGHL; 2) high riding MGHL and/or conjoined origin with the superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL); 3) complex fluid signal/loose bodies within the SSc recess and 4) fluid volume of the constricted SSc recess. Cadaveric correlation of the SSc recess anatomy was performed using MR arthrography with band saw correlation. RESULTS Ten out of 58 were excluded due to previous surgery and/or technically...

Research paper thumbnail of Low Lying Medial Head of Triceps on MR Imaging: Is It a Reliable Predictor of Ulnar Neuritis?

PURPOSE To determine if a low lying medial triceps muscle and tendon insertion are MR predictors ... more PURPOSE To determine if a low lying medial triceps muscle and tendon insertion are MR predictors of ulnar neuritis METHOD AND MATERIALS A retrospective review of 542 consecutive elbow MR exams from 1/2009 to 9/2011 yielded 25 patients (13M, 12W, age: 24-82 mean 48) with clinical diagnosis of ulnar neuritis comprising the study group, and 50 patients (32M, 18W, age: 20-79 mean 45) without clinical or MR evidence of medial elbow pathology comprising the control group. The following variables were measured by one reader blinded to clinical history and MR findings: Medial triceps muscle belly (MTMB) and tendon insertion (MTTI) distance relative to the superior olecranon (see figure), average (ACSA) and maximum ulnar nerve cross section area (MCSA), and nerve-to-muscle signal ratio (NMSR). Subjects were divided into three groups: 1) low lying muscle (<0) and low lying tendon (<0), 2) low lying muscle (<0) and non low lying tendon (≥0), and 3) non low lying muscle and tendon (bot...

Research paper thumbnail of Adventitial cystic disease of the radial artery - two case reports and a review

Bulletin of the NYU hospital for joint diseases

A 29-year-old female presented with pain and a palpable mass in the left wrist. Imaging demonstra... more A 29-year-old female presented with pain and a palpable mass in the left wrist. Imaging demonstrated a multiloculated cystic mass adjacent to the radial aspect of the scaphoid, which was intimately associated with and appeared to arise from the wall of the radial artery and its dorsal branch. The mass was surgically resected. The histological analysis confirmed the presence of adventitial cystic disease (ACD) of the radial artery. In addition, within a year time span, a second 34-year-old male patient presented with a palpable mass in the right hand. Imaging demonstrated a cystic mass encasing the dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery and its terminal vessels to the thumb and index finger. The diagnosis of ACD was raised based on MR imaging. Histological analysis confirmed the presence of an adventitial cyst. ACD of the arteries is a rare disorder of unknown etiology, which usually involves the popliteal artery. Less common sites of involvement include the external iliac, common...

Research paper thumbnail of MR imaging of tendon lesions of the hand and wrist

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, 2004

MR imaging of the hand and wrist tendons has greatly benefited from the use of dedicated surface ... more MR imaging of the hand and wrist tendons has greatly benefited from the use of dedicated surface coils, which allow fine depiction of the intricate anatomy of these structures, owing to high spatial resolution images as well as superb soft tissue contrast. MR imaging of the wrist and hand is obtained in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes. The axial and sagittal planes provide most of the information necessary, however, to assess the tendons at the wrist and hand. The axial images are optimal for evaluating tendon morphology, longitudinal splits, tendon sheath fluid, and adjacent soft tissues such as overlying retinacula. The sagittal images are most useful for depicting abnormalities of the finger flexor and extensor tendons.

Research paper thumbnail of Editorial

Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of Preface

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Advanced shoulder imaging

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology, 2014

Research paper thumbnail of Update on the shoulder. Preface

Magnetic resonance imaging clinics of North America, 2012

Research paper thumbnail of Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease

Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology, 2003

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumul... more Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is characterized by the accumulation of pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in articular and periarticular tissues. Various terms have been utilized to describe this arthropathy, which has led to some confusion. CPPD crystal deposition disease is among many conditions that may result in crystal deposition within cartilage. Chondrocalcinosis is a pathologic and radiographic term denoting calcification of cartilage within joints including both hyaline articular cartilage and fibrocartilage. Pseudogout is a clinical term applied to an acute inflammatory process in a joint(s) mimicking a gout attack. Pseudogout is just one of the multiple clinical presentations for CPPD crystal deposition disease. Pyrophosphate arthropathy is a term that has been used to describe the peculiar pattern of joint destruction associated with CPPD crystal deposition disease. This article reviews the protean manifestations of CPPD crystal depositio...

Research paper thumbnail of Neuropathies of the Upper Extremity

Musculoskeletal Diseases 2013–2016, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Magnetic Resonance Neurography of the Pelvis and Lumbosacral Plexus

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, 2014

Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have revolutionized peripheral nerve imaging a... more Recent advances in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have revolutionized peripheral nerve imaging and made high-resolution acquisitions a clinical reality. High-resolution dedicated MR neurography techniques can show pathologic changes within the peripheral nerves as well as elucidate the underlying disorder or cause. Neurogenic pain arising from the nerves of the pelvis and lumbosacral plexus poses a particular diagnostic challenge for the clinician and radiologist alike. This article reviews the advances in MR imaging that have allowed state-of-the-art high-resolution imaging to become a reality in clinical practice.

Research paper thumbnail of MR Imaging of the Midfoot and Forefoot

Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Focus on Advanced Magnetic Resonance Techniques in Clinical Practice

Radiologic Clinics of North America, 2015

Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) provides the greatest degree of soft tissue contrast in the ... more Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) provides the greatest degree of soft tissue contrast in the evaluation of peripheral nerves. Utilization of MRN relies on (1) peripheral nerve anatomy, (2) the spectrum of pathology, and (3) familiarity with dedicated MR imaging techniques. Although there remain several pitfalls in MRN imaging, awareness of these pitfalls improves imaging quality and limits misinterpretation. Most importantly, maintaining a direct line of communication with the referring clinician allows for the greatest degree of diagnostic accuracy.

Research paper thumbnail of Soft Tissue Injury to the Elbow

Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological Imaging of Osteomyelitis

A Multidisciplinary Approach, 2013

ABSTRACT The most common presentation of musculoskeletal infection is acute hematogenous osteomye... more ABSTRACT The most common presentation of musculoskeletal infection is acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. Recovery of the microorganism from a focus of osteomyelitis or a positive blood culture in a patient with clinical and radiographic findings consistent with infection often allows a definitive diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Recent imaging advances have changed the diagnostic approach to osteomyelitis. A section on pathological findings and significance talks about conventional radiography, MR imaging, Ultrasound, and CT imaging. Prosthetic joint infection and diabetic foot infection are also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Acute Injury of the Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone: A Common but Unrecognized Lesion in the Immature Knee

American Journal of Roentgenology, 2004

We studied the prevalence of injuries of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone after acute... more We studied the prevalence of injuries of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone after acute trauma in skeletally immature knees using high-resolution MRI. We reviewed knee MRIs of 126 young children and adolescents suspected to have internal knee derangement, including 82 with open physes and a control group of 44 who were skeletally mature. High-resolution proton density and T2-weighted pulse sequences were used in all patients. The prevalence of common injuries in the two groups was compared using chi-square analysis. Levels of interobserver agreement for evaluation of chondral lesions in the skeletally immature group were determined using the kappa statistic. In the skeletally immature group, chondral lesions were the most prevalent injuries (prevalence = 0.34, p = 0.009) followed by meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament injuries (prevalence = 0.23 and 0.24, respectively). No significant difference in the prevalence of chondral injury before and after physeal closure was seen (p = 0.45). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries between the two groups, but meniscal injuries were more prevalent in the skeletally mature patients (prevalence = 0.41, p = 0.037). Interobserver agreement for chondral injuries in the group with open physes was good (weighted kappa = 0.45-0.51). The most common injuries occurring as a result of acute trauma to the immature knee were chondral. In patients with open physes, chondral injuries were significantly more prevalent than anterior cruciate ligament and meniscal injuries.

Research paper thumbnail of Differentiating os acromiale from normally developing acromial ossification centers using magnetic resonance imaging

Skeletal Radiology, 2015

Acromial fusion may not be complete until age 18-25, making it questionable to diagnose os acromi... more Acromial fusion may not be complete until age 18-25, making it questionable to diagnose os acromiale in adolescents. Os acromiale may exist in adolescents and can be differentiated from a developing acromial ossification center based on MRI findings. A total of 128 MRIs of the shoulder were randomly and blindly reviewed retrospectively by two musculoskeletal radiologists. The MRIs consisted of two groups: (1) 56 of os acromiale in adults (25-74 years old, mean, 50) and (2) 72 consecutive of adolescents (12-17 years old, mean, 14.5). The following were assessed at the interface between the distal acromion and os acromiale/developing ossification center(s): presence of os acromiale vs. developing acromion, orientation, margins, and edema within and adjacent to it. Fifty-one adults and 49 adolescents were included. Exclusions were due to poor image quality or confounding findings (n = 7) or complete acromial fusion (n = 21 adolescents). Utilizing accepted definitions of os acromiale, all adult cases (100 %) were accurately diagnosed as os acromiale, with transverse interface orientation and irregular margins (94 %, R = 0.86, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.00001). Forty-five (92 %) adolescent cases were accurately diagnosed as normally developing acromion with arched interface and lobulated margins (92 %, R = 0.92, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.000001). Four (8 %) adolescent cases were diagnosed as having os acromiale, with transverse orientation and irregular margins. Thirty-five (69 %) and 46 (90 %) adults had marrow and interface edema, respectively. Six (12 %) and eight (16 %) adolescents had marrow and interface edema, respectively, including the four concluded to be os acromiale. Adolescents may have imaging findings consistent with os acromiale. The diagnosis of os acromiale should be based on imaging features and not limited by age.