Ganiyu Agboola | Obafemi Awolowo University (original) (raw)

Papers by Ganiyu Agboola

Research paper thumbnail of 90-90-90 targets: Reaching the first 90 diagnosing exposed babies using the virologic HIV DNA nucleic acid-based technique

European Journal of Therapeutics, 2017

Objective: The HIV pandemic has continued to be a huge challenge in Nigeria, with the problem of ... more Objective: The HIV pandemic has continued to be a huge challenge in Nigeria, with the problem of stigmatization reducing the chances of early determination of HIV status in pregnant women, which may increase the chances of transmission to the child from the mother. Our study was designed to determine the trend as well as diagnosis of HIV infection in exposed infants. It will also determine among infants the factors associated with the transmission of the infection from their mothers. Methods: This was a study of HIV-exposed infants conducted between January 2013 and December 2015. The study population was HIV-exposed infants. Dried blood spots (DBS) were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction technique. Results: Only 18.3%, 20.1%, and 14.2% of the babies had their DBS samples taken at six weeks of age in 2013, 2014, and 2015, respectively. The percentage of positives across the three years was 3.6%, 3.2%, and 3.1%, as the majority of the babies took single-dose nevirapine and had exclusive breastfeeding, but only 1.5% and 1.3% of the babies within 18-month PMTCT retested for 2013 and 2014 were confirmed positive after cessation of all exposures. Conclusion: ART administration to both HIV-infected mothers and their babies has demonstrated an effective mechanism of the PMTCT program, as this is evident in the low positivity outcome. However, the feat of mother-to-baby HIV transmission elimination achieved by Cuba, Armenia, Belarus, and Thailand is achievable in Nigeria through provision of universal access to health care.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing PMTCT service coverage in Southwest Nigeria: A step towards universal coverage

As at the end of 2009, Nigeria accounted for 30% of the global burden of mother to child transmis... more As at the end of 2009, Nigeria accounted for 30% of the global burden of mother to child transmission of HIV. Only 13% of pregnant women in Nigeria accessed HIV testing and counseling in the context of PMTCT (Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV) as at the end of 2008 and about 12% of those positive accesses ARV prophylaxis for PMTCT. Reasons for this low coverage include the non-availability of the PMTCT services at all maternity or birthing centers in the country and the failure of pregnant women and nursing mother to enroll at formal conventional health facilities where their chances of accessing PMTCT services is very high.As Nigeria is a signatory to the global call to eliminate mother to child transmission of HIV, there is need for a current mapping of health facilities for PMTCT services, as this will provide us with gaps that need to be filled towards the universal coverage of PMTCT services in the country. Hence this study done to map the availability of PMTCT services at all the registered health facilities in the Ondo and Ekiti states, southwest Nigeria. Availability of HIV counseling and testing in antenatal clinic was far below universal coverage at 35% in Ondo state and 60% in Ekiti state and averagely at 44% in both states combined. Comprehensive PMTCT service was however present in just 25% health facilities in Ondo state and 15% of facilities in Ekiti state .The average PMTCT coverage for both states was 20%; which was above the national coverage of 13%.. More public hospitals (52%-57%) provide HIV counseling and testing services in antenatal clinic than private hospitals (38%-52%). Similarly, more public hospitals (21%-24%) offer comprehensive PMTCT service than private hospitals (1%-4%) in both states. There is an urgent need for a rapid scale up of HIV counseling and testing service and PMTCT services in the two southwestern states and the country as a whole to achieve universal coverage of PMTCT service in the country.

Research paper thumbnail of 90-90-90 targets: Reaching the first 90 diagnosing exposed babies using the virologic HIV DNA nucleic acid-based technique

European Journal of Therapeutics, 2017

Objective: The HIV pandemic has continued to be a huge challenge in Nigeria, with the problem of ... more Objective: The HIV pandemic has continued to be a huge challenge in Nigeria, with the problem of stigmatization reducing the chances of early determination of HIV status in pregnant women, which may increase the chances of transmission to the child from the mother. Our study was designed to determine the trend as well as diagnosis of HIV infection in exposed infants. It will also determine among infants the factors associated with the transmission of the infection from their mothers. Methods: This was a study of HIV-exposed infants conducted between January 2013 and December 2015. The study population was HIV-exposed infants. Dried blood spots (DBS) were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction technique. Results: Only 18.3%, 20.1%, and 14.2% of the babies had their DBS samples taken at six weeks of age in 2013, 2014, and 2015, respectively. The percentage of positives across the three years was 3.6%, 3.2%, and 3.1%, as the majority of the babies took single-dose nevirapine and had exclusive breastfeeding, but only 1.5% and 1.3% of the babies within 18-month PMTCT retested for 2013 and 2014 were confirmed positive after cessation of all exposures. Conclusion: ART administration to both HIV-infected mothers and their babies has demonstrated an effective mechanism of the PMTCT program, as this is evident in the low positivity outcome. However, the feat of mother-to-baby HIV transmission elimination achieved by Cuba, Armenia, Belarus, and Thailand is achievable in Nigeria through provision of universal access to health care.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing PMTCT service coverage in Southwest Nigeria: A step towards universal coverage

As at the end of 2009, Nigeria accounted for 30% of the global burden of mother to child transmis... more As at the end of 2009, Nigeria accounted for 30% of the global burden of mother to child transmission of HIV. Only 13% of pregnant women in Nigeria accessed HIV testing and counseling in the context of PMTCT (Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV) as at the end of 2008 and about 12% of those positive accesses ARV prophylaxis for PMTCT. Reasons for this low coverage include the non-availability of the PMTCT services at all maternity or birthing centers in the country and the failure of pregnant women and nursing mother to enroll at formal conventional health facilities where their chances of accessing PMTCT services is very high.As Nigeria is a signatory to the global call to eliminate mother to child transmission of HIV, there is need for a current mapping of health facilities for PMTCT services, as this will provide us with gaps that need to be filled towards the universal coverage of PMTCT services in the country. Hence this study done to map the availability of PMTCT services at all the registered health facilities in the Ondo and Ekiti states, southwest Nigeria. Availability of HIV counseling and testing in antenatal clinic was far below universal coverage at 35% in Ondo state and 60% in Ekiti state and averagely at 44% in both states combined. Comprehensive PMTCT service was however present in just 25% health facilities in Ondo state and 15% of facilities in Ekiti state .The average PMTCT coverage for both states was 20%; which was above the national coverage of 13%.. More public hospitals (52%-57%) provide HIV counseling and testing services in antenatal clinic than private hospitals (38%-52%). Similarly, more public hospitals (21%-24%) offer comprehensive PMTCT service than private hospitals (1%-4%) in both states. There is an urgent need for a rapid scale up of HIV counseling and testing service and PMTCT services in the two southwestern states and the country as a whole to achieve universal coverage of PMTCT service in the country.