Ibrahim Bello | Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (original) (raw)

Papers by Ibrahim Bello

Nigerian journal of medicine : journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, though a common digestive disorder worldwide, is scarcely repo... more Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, though a common digestive disorder worldwide, is scarcely reported with very sparse literature in oursetting. To review the clinical features, investigations and recent developments in the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. We retrieved publications from local and international journals. We also searched Medline particularly for local references. Other sources of our data include Up-to-date in Medicine and standard texts in medicine and pathology. Local literature is generally lacking; while the classical symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease are heartburn, dysphagia and acid regurgitation, clinical examination is usually silent except when there are complications. There is no gold standard investigation but oesophageal pH monitoring, Bernstein test, oesophagoscopy and oesophageal manometry have been established to be useful in the evaluation of affected patients. Radiologic investigations, though insensitive in the diagnosis,...

PLOS ONE

Background Asymptomatic malaria infections have received less attention than symptomatic malaria ... more Background Asymptomatic malaria infections have received less attention than symptomatic malaria infections in major studies. Few epidemiological studies on asymptomatic malaria infections have often focused on pregnant women and children under-five years of age as the most vulnerable groups. However, there is limitation on data regarding asymptomatic infections among the old adult populations, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection by microscopy and its determinants among residents of Ido- Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July and September 2021 among 232 consenting apparently healthy individuals aged 40 years and above who were recruited during a free health screening program using a standardised interviewer-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire sought information on respondents’ socio-demographics, presence and types of co-morbidity, ...

SAGE open nursing, Nov 29, 2022

Journal of International Medical Research

Objective We determined the malaria prevalence and ascertained the degree of agreement among rapi... more Objective We determined the malaria prevalence and ascertained the degree of agreement among rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), urine malaria tests, and microscopy in malaria diagnosis of adults in Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among 384 consenting patients recruited at a tertiary health facility in southwestern Nigeria. We used standardized interviewer-administered questionnaires to collect patients’ sociodemographic information. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection using microscopy, RDTs, and urine malaria tests. The degree of agreement was determined using Cohen’s kappa statistic. Results The malaria prevalence was 58.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.0–63.1), 20.6% (95% CI: 16.6–25.0), and 54.2% (95% CI: 49.0–59.2) for microscopy, RDTs, and urine malaria test, respectively. The percent agreement between microscopy and RDTs was 50.8%; the expected agreement was 45.1% and Cohen’s kappa was 0.104. The percent agreement ...

Background: Intestinal helminthiasis is one of the most common infestations worldwide, especially... more Background: Intestinal helminthiasis is one of the most common infestations worldwide, especially among the poorest communities of the developing world. The disease burden of intestinal helminthiasis is as great as those of tuberculosis (34.7 million Disability Adjusted Life Years - DALYs) and malaria (46.5 million DALYs). It has significant adverse impact on the growth and cognitive development of children especially those less than five years who make up 10 to 20 percent of the two billion people who are infested with helminths. A number of studies have identified some of the risk factors for helminth infestation among school-aged children but relatively little work has been done on helminth infestation among children aged less than five years. It was therefore necessary to embark on this study, with the aim of studying the pattern of intestinal helminthiasis among under five children and their family members in Ilesa West Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. Methods: A d...

Background: Cervical dysplasia may lead to cervical cancer, a major reproductive health problem o... more Background: Cervical dysplasia may lead to cervical cancer, a major reproductive health problem of women in the developing countries. Objective: This study assessed the pattern of cervical dysplasia and accompanying endocervical infections among women attending a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of consenting 80 women attending the general practice clinic of a tertiary hospital recruited by systematic random sampling technique over two months. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to assess the socio-demographics, relevant gynaecology history and past Pap smear results of the respondents. Pap smear screening and endocervical swabs were taken for cytology and microscopy, culture and sensitivity test. A second endocervical swab was taken for Chlamydia antigen test. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Of the eighty women recruited, seventy seven (96.3%) completed the study. Most (40.3%) were wit...

SAGE Open Medicine

Objectives: The study determined the prevalence of malaria infection and its association with soc... more Objectives: The study determined the prevalence of malaria infection and its association with socio-demographics, environmental, housing, and co-morbid ailment factors. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional of 330 consented adult febrile patients who were recruited at a tertiary health facility in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The standardized interviewer-administered questionnaire sought information on their socio-demographics, environmental, housing, and co-morbid ailment factors. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection, retroviral screening, glycated hemoglobin, and hemoglobinopathy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The strength of the association between independent and dependent variables was measured using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval with a significant level ( p value <0.05). Results: The prevalence of malaria parasitemia was 63.3% (95% confidence interval: 57.9%–68.5%). Being a farmer ( p = 0.002), lack of forma...

African Journal of Biotechnology, 2006

Investigations into antisickling and reversal of sickling activities of an aqueous extract of unr... more Investigations into antisickling and reversal of sickling activities of an aqueous extract of unripe pawpaw (Carica papaya) were carried out on blood from sickle cell patients (Haemoglobin SS, HbSS) using 2% sodium metabisulphite in a sickling test. The minimum concentration of the extract that achieved maximum antisickling in vitro and the fraction of the extract where the antisickling agent resides were determined. Our findings confirmed both antisickling and reversal of sickling activities of the extract. It was established that 1.0 g of unripe pawpaw in 1.0 ml of physiological saline was the minimum concentration that achieved maximum antisickling. Solvent partitioning of the extract with ethyl acetate and butanol revealed that the antisickling agent in the extract of unripe pawpaw resides in the ethyl acetate fraction as this fraction prevented sickling of Hb SS red cells and reversed sickled Hb SS red cells in 2% sodium metabisulphite whereas the butanol and aqueous fractions ...

PloS One, 2023

Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2015

560 Background: Colorectal cancer (crc) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. There is an ... more 560 Background: Colorectal cancer (crc) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. There is an increasing incidence in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Patient outcomes are poor due to a lack of screening programs. Timely and efficient referral leading to earlier diagnosis of crc is imperative to improve survival. This study was initiated to determine the value of colonoscopy in patients with rectal bleeding for diagnosing crc in Nigeria. Methods: This is a prospective study of patients older than 45 years that present with rectal bleeding at 5 primary health care facilities in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Patients were enrolled when they were referred for colonoscopy at the Endoscopy unit of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals. Data obtained included the socioeconomic, clinical, anthropometric, colonoscopy and histopathological parameters. Results: In this interim analysis, 68 patients were recruited into the study. The median age was 58.5 years (range 45-89 years). Median...

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal, 2004

To highlight the indications, problems and prospects of bedside non-surgically inserted jugular a... more To highlight the indications, problems and prospects of bedside non-surgically inserted jugular and subclavian dual luman catheters. Renal failure patients being managed in our centre with indications for central catheterisation were consecutively recruited at presentation. They had bedside non-surgical jugular and subclavian insertion using modified seldinger wire technique and the performance of the Gatheters monitored. Sixteen patients aged between 23 and 65 years had 32 central catheterisations during the 12-month period. The indications included its use as haemodialysis access in all patients, additional indications were CVP monitoring in 5, and parenteral hyperalimentation in 1. Three catheterisations were in right subclavian vein, 4 in let internal jugular vein and 25 in right internal jugular vein. The duration of use ranged between 3 days and 11 weeks and blood flow rate used ranged between 50 and 350ml/min. Nine (28.1%) catheterisations were complicated with exit site and ...

African Health Sciences

Background: Caesarean delivery is an essential surgical skill within the primary care setting aim... more Background: Caesarean delivery is an essential surgical skill within the primary care setting aimed at reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To determine the rate and indications for caesarean deliveries with a view to improving on the service delivery in the study area. Methods: A retrospective review of all caesarean deliveries over a five-year period, January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2016. Results: A total of 2321 deliveries were recorded during the study duration and 481 of them were through caesarean sec- tion (CS) giving a caesarean section rate of 20.4%. The rate was higher in the multigravida 255 (53.1%). The commonest indication for caesarean section was previous caesarean section 131 (27.2%). Emergency caesarean delivery accounted for 278 (57.8%). Only 16 (3.3%) stayed more than five days postoperatively while the rest, 465 (96.7%), stayed less than five days. There was a gradual yearly increase in rate from 12.1% in 2012 to 19.5% in 2016. Conclusion: T...

Parasite Epidemiology and Control, 2020

Background: Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health problem in Nigeria. Long-Lasting Insect... more Background: Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health problem in Nigeria. Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) have been advocated as an effective tool against malaria transmission. However, success of this intervention largely depends on the knowledge and practices regarding malaria and its prevention. Unfortunately, few studies have been done on effect of malaria preventive education on use of LLIN in pregnancy. Objective: To assess the knowledge of malaria and determine the effect of malaria preventive education on the use of LLINs among pregnant females in a Teaching Hospital in Osun state. Method: It was a one group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental hospital based study involving pregnant females attending AnteNatal Clinic (ANC) of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC). A total of 200 respondents were recruited for this study by 2-stage sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested questionnaire to elicit information on socio-demographic characteristics, use of LLIN in pregnancy, knowledge of malaria and its preventive measures. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics comprised frequency, percentage, means and standard deviations. Bivariate analysis comprised Chi-square test on knowledge of malaria before and after intervention while correlation test assessed strength of relationship between knowledge of malaria preventive education and use of LLINs before and after intervention. Multivariate analysis determined the predictors of LLINs use. Analytical statistics of cross tabulation was conducted considering a p < 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: There was an increase in the scores of knowledge on malaria transmission after the intervention and this was statistically significant (χ 2 = 8.862, p < 0.01). Similarly, the scores of knowledge on malaria prevention increased after the intervention and this was statistically significant (χ 2 = 10.023, p < 0.01). Respondents' age, marital status and gravidity were predictors of LLINs use. Biserial correlation showed a statistically positive relationship between knowledge of malaria preventive education and use of LLINs after intervention (r = 0.036, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The use of malaria preventive education was found to be effective in increasing the use of LLIN in this study. These findings highlight a need for educational intervention in implementation of LLINs. There is therefore a need to strengthen the policy of malaria prevention education as an integral component with distribution of free LLIN in health care setting to enhance its utilization.

African Journal of Biotechnology, Apr 2, 2007

This study was undertaken to establish data on the effect of acute falciparum malaria on plasma l... more This study was undertaken to establish data on the effect of acute falciparum malaria on plasma levels some biochemical parameters in the pathology of malaria in Nigeria children. We estimated the levels of Na + , K + , HCO 3 , Ca ++ , inorganic PO 4 =, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine and glucose in the plasma of 250 parasitaemic and 150 non-parasitaemic Nigerian children. Inorganic PO 4 = , urea, creatinine and bilirubin levels were significantly elevated in the acute falciparum malarious children than in the non-parasitaemic controls. Acute falciparum malaria resulted in significant reduction of HCO 3-, total protein, albumin and glucose levels in the malarious children. There was no significant difference in the mean values of the biochemical parameters between malarious children with relative parasite count of 1-10 asexual form of parasite in 100 high power field (hpf) of thick blood film (+) and those with 11-100 asexual form of parasite in 100 hpf of thick blood film(++) .

Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 2022

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) impairs sexual fulfilment and may predispose to disruption ... more Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) impairs sexual fulfilment and may predispose to disruption in relationships and family life. The condition appears under-recognized among primary care patients in this clime resulting in missed opportunities for prompt intervention. Aims: This study sought to ascertain how common and the extent of recognition of ED among men attending a Family Medicine clinic in southwest Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 414 men recruited by simple random sampling. Data was obtained using a questionnaire which incorporated the 6-item erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scale. The height, weight, body mass index, blood pressure and blood glucose were measured. Factors associated with ED were identified with the use of Pearson Chi square test and significant factors were subjected to multivariate logistic regression to determine the independent predictors of ED.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review, 2021

Background. diabetes self-care is yet to be incorporated into diabetes management policy, hence t... more Background. diabetes self-care is yet to be incorporated into diabetes management policy, hence the need to establish its practice as an essential catalyst for good glycemic control in the management of diabetes patients. Objectives. This study was aimed at determining the role of diabetes self-care education (DSME) and practice in the management of T2DM patients. Material and methods. A hospital-based study was conducted on 120 adults with T2DM who had been presenting at the clinic for at least two months. The study participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 was the test group and had DSME, while group 2 served as the control. Data was collected using a questionnaire, and clinical parameters of glycemic control were measured both preand post-intervention period. Results. A significant relationship was found between diabetes education, diabetes self-care and glycemic control. This was demonstrated by the significant difference in the proportion of those who achieved good FPG from 28.3% pre-intervention to 51.7% post-intervention (p = 0.001); 2HPP from 30% to 46.7% (p = 0.060) and HbA 1c from 53.3% to 85% (p < 0.001) in the test group; while that of the control was FPG 18.3% to 30% (p = 1.355), 2HPP 11.7% to 26.7% (p = 0.369) and HbA 1c 43.3% to 53.3% (p = 0.804). This showed a significant improvement in the glycemic control of the test group compared to the control group. Conclusions. We conclude that good knowledge and practice of diabetes self-care is relevant to the achievement of good glycemic control.

World Journal of Innovative Research, 2021

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia, are the frequent and global obstetrics and gynaecology em... more Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia, are the frequent and global obstetrics and gynaecology emergencies in the care of gravid women particularly in African women. Research efforts to identify predictors for recognizing pregnancy that will come down with preeclampsia is still a continuum, yet no single or combination of indices have absolute predictive potential for diagnosing preeclampsia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive potentials of sequential alterations of plasma lipids and to determine the gestation age at which dyslipidemia became pathologic to suspect the onset of preeclampsia in gravid African women. Study design: This is a longitudinal study conducted in two phases at the antenatal clinics of a Tertiary hospital. The first Phase was semi-longitudinal and cross-sectional which involved 79 pre-eclamptic and 80 normotensive pregnancy respectively recruited at 3 rd trimester but followed up to 3days post-partum. The second phase was a full longitudinal study comprising 10 preeclamptic and 20 normotensive healthy pregnant women recruited from the first trimester of pregnancy but were observed up to six weeks post-delivery. Methods: Plasma samples from K 2 + EDTA anti-coagulated blood obtained from the preeclamptic and normotensive gravid women at each trimester and postpartum were assayed for lipid profile. which included Triglyceride, Total-Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol by an enzymatic method. VLDL-Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol values were calculated. Result: We recorded a sequential and steady increase in all the lipid fractions in both study and controls subjects with the progression in gestation age. Dyslipidaemia was significant (p<0.001) in the preeclamptics at 10.9 th week of gestation relative to the controls. Triglyceride alterations became significant (p<0.001) and pathologic to speculate the development of preeclampsia at 10.9 th week of gestation (ODS=29.952, CI=1.046-857.998@P<0.04. The lipids regressed significantly to almost pre-pregnancy values at 6 weeks postpartum.