Dr Adekunle Musa | Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye, Ogun, Nigeria (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr Adekunle Musa

Instrumentation, mesure, métrologie/Instrumentation mesure métrologie, Feb 26, 2024

Springer eBooks, Nov 22, 2023

Mindanao Journal of Science and Technology, Jun 19, 2022

Most buses used in Nigeria are imported; thus, the anthropometric dimensions of the citizens of t... more Most buses used in Nigeria are imported; thus, the anthropometric dimensions of the citizens of the country of manufacture were used for the seat design. Poorly designed seats due to a mismatch in anthropometric measurements may lead to musculoskeletal disorders. Hence, there is a need to design an appropriate seat for particular bus drivers. This study aimed to obtain anthropometric dimensions of Nigerian bus drivers and design an appropriate driver's seat based on the collected dimensions. Relevant anthropometric variables necessary for the driver's seat design were obtained from 150 randomly selected male bus drivers from seven towns in Ogun, Oyo and Lagos states. Seat dimensions of 50 urban buses in heavy and medium automobile categories were considered. The means, standard deviations and 5 th , 50 th and 95 th percentiles were calculated. The existing seat dimensions were compared with the required anthropometric measurements of the drivers for the seat design. It was found that the current seat measurements differed from the suggested seat dimensions. The study highlighted that in designing and producing bus seats for Nigerian bus drivers, their anthropometric data should be considered. The study recommended that the dimensions of the driver's seat should be 46.45-50.45 cm (seat height); 39-48.26 cm (seat depth); 46.83 cm (seat front width); 53 cm (backrest height); 49-58.26 (backrest depth); and 90° to 130° (seat backrest angle).

Gazi university journal of science part a:engineering and innovation, Mar 28, 2024

Buttock Measurements Human Body Weight Anthropometry Lower Body Dimensions Predictive Capabilitie... more Buttock Measurements Human Body Weight Anthropometry Lower Body Dimensions Predictive Capabilities This study explores the potential of utilizing buttock measurements, specifically buttock width and bottom popliteal length, as reliable indicators for estimating human body weight. Recognizing the increasing demand for accurate and accessible methods in various fields, author delves into the relationships between these lower body dimensions and overall body mass. The research evaluated 700 young adults, evenly split between 350 males and 350 females, utilizing random snowball sampling techniques from four local governments (Abeokuta South, Abeokuta North, Odeda and Ewekoro) areas of Ogun State, South Western Nigeria with participants aged between 19 and 27years The research centered on assessing human body weight (HBW), buttock width (BW), and bottom popliteal length (BPL) with all measurements documented in centimeters. Data analysis involved utilizing Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 21.0, for computation of average mean values, standard deviation, coefficient of determination (r 2), correlation coefficient (r), and standard error of estimates (SEE). Additionally, linear regression analysis was employed to formulate the model equation for determining HBW, in relation to BW, and BPL. The study provides an accuracy and applicability of anthropometric prediction of HBW and foundation for the development of practical methods with diverse applications, ranging from healthcare assessments to ergonomic design.

Procedia Computer Science, 2023

Management Science Letters, 2012

The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nig... more The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria was investigated and this was compared with some selected foreign countries. The study was to determine whether design improvement and further study is required in order to improve the conditions in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The anthropometrics measurements data were collected from 720 students of selected institutions. The data indicate a substantial degree of variability between the Nigerian tertiary students' body and the foreign counterparts. Since most of the furniture in use in our tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Nigeria were designed and constructed using the anthropometric data of students in foreign countries, there is need for anthropometric data of Nigerian students in the tertiary institution for the design and construction of furniture to suit them. The result is of great concern which could affect students in other institutions throughout Nigeria and could also pose a great risk of having back problem among students in Nigeria. Statement of Relevancy: The chair and table used in Nigeria were designed with reference to the measurement of other countries. The database of the Nigerian students will be very useful parameter in guiding principle for the designing of future equipment to be used in classrooms, laboratories and lecture theaters of the institutions.

Occupational Safety and Hygiene III, 2015

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have long been a primary cause of non-fatal injuri... more Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have long been a primary cause of non-fatal injuries in construction. They involve sudden or continuous stresses on a worker's musculoskeletal system (e.g., muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones) and may impair the ability of the worker to perform his or her job, or even cause permanent disability. Although assessing exposure to risk factors of WMSDs has proven to be feasible to alleviate the incidence rate of this injury, the field remains underdeveloped because of a lack of knowledge among construction professionals regarding the enabling techniques and their performance and limits. This paper reviews the available techniques for WMSD risk assessments, summarizes their benefits and limitations, and identifies areas in which further studies are still needed. Current techniques are categorized into self-report, observation, direct measurement, and remote sensing assessment. Particular interests are revealed in the wearable-sensor and vision-based techniques within the construction community. This review helps the industry to better understand the severity of WMSDs and the related risks in construction. This review also provides the construction research community with a holistic view on available techniques, their limitations, and the need for research in achieving automatic assessments on construction sites.

International Journal of Thermofluids, 2023

Human Factors and Ergonomics Journal, Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Malaysia, 2022

Height is an essential and important anthropometric parameter for coroners and forensic anthropol... more Height is an essential and important anthropometric parameter for coroners and forensic anthropologists. Several studies have been performed to determine standing height (SH) using various anthropometric body parts. Arm span length (ASL) is recognized as an alternative means of measuring standing height for the disabled, adaptive, or unable to stand upright. This study was conducted to measure the height of pupils from the age 5 to the 12 years old using ASL A total of 440 pupils (220 male and 220 female) participated in the study and the study was conducted in Obantoko Ogun State in Southwestern Nigeria. The Participants' actual standing height were measured with a digital stadiometer and ASL with a tape measure to within 0.1 cm.

Human Factors and Ergonomics Journal, Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Malaysia, 2022

The study was conducted to assess the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and body ma... more The study was conducted to assess the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and body mass index (BMI) relatives to the effect among the TCP) in Ogun State which was sought and selected using the snowball technique. Twelve out of twenty local government areas which cut across the entire three senatorial districts of Ogun State were selected, which is sixty percent of the entire local government in the state. Data analysis was performed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) V23 and Microsoft Excel (2010). The results were presented using descriptive statistics, means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages, pie charts and a bar chart. The result showed that 177 TCP (88.5%) participated with 32.5 ± 0.97 years as the mean age of the respondents. However, 76.3% reported daily pains while 95.5% complained of major pains in the body. The majority 79.1% spent less than 8 hours in a standing position when controlling the traffic while 48% enjoyed rest at the close of work. The result also revealed that 80.2% had normal BMI, 33.35% were smokers and 54.8% drank alcohol respectively. Occupational health was considered as 45.2% engaged in self-medication. The study shows that age is significantly correlated with BMI (P>0.01) and alcohol drinking (P<0.01) with WRMSDs and other factors such as working hours, gender and years of experience. The study concluded that prolonged standing, walking and repetitive twisting of the hand and shoulder may have seriously affected the health of TCP.

The Ethiopian journal of science and technology, Nov 7, 2022

Appraisal of body height (Bh) from leg length (LL) and other anthropometric parts of an individua... more Appraisal of body height (Bh) from leg length (LL) and other anthropometric parts of an individual is very important in the identification of human skeletal remains. The objective of this study was to develop a model for the estimation of Bh male , Bh female and Bh combined. The study was conducted in three selected tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria with a total of 324 students (162 male and 162 female) using the snowball techniques where the Bh and LL of the students were measured using stadiometer and sliding caliper. The data were analysed statistically using statistical package for social sciences v 21 software. The result showed mean values of 168.49 ± 9.19 cm of Bh male , 168.15 ± 8.66 cm Bh female and 168.32±8.91 cm Bh combined. Similarly, the mean values of 96.40±7.29 cm LL male , 96.27±6.96 cm LL female and 96.33 ± 7.12 cm LL combined were found. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination, R 2 was determined as 76.0%, 19.1% and 44.3%, respectively. Three regression models were formulated to determine the Bh male , Bh female and Bh combined with LL male , LL female and LL combined as the predictors. It was concluded that this formulated model could be a veritable tool for the development of forensic anthropological studies for Nigerian student population.

The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that ... more The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that appears to be physically present with a designated structure. Three-dimensional (3D), can also describe any object that occurs on a three-axis Cartesian coordinate system, a Cartesian system is basically a fancy way of describing the X and Y axes which are horizontal and vertical axis, but the inclusive of the third axis Z which is make it to be 3D of which the Z axis represent the depth.3D interaction is a form of human-machine interaction where users are able to move and perform interaction in 3D space. Both human and machine process information where the physical position of elements in 3D space. The main features of these 3D applications are immersion, interactivity, and involvement. Immersion holds the user’s attention. Interactivity is related to how responsive the application is to user actions and Involvement has to do with engaging the user’s interest in the underlying activity....

Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology, 2012

Management Science Letters 2 (2012) 1885–1894 , 2012

The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State... more The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria was investigated and this was compared with some selected foreign countries. The study was to determine whether design improvement and further study is required in order to improve the conditions in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The anthropometrics measurements data were collected from 720 students of selected institutions. The data indicate a substantial degree of variability between the Nigerian tertiary students’ body and the foreign counterparts. Since most of the furniture in use in our tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Nigeria were designed and constructed using the anthropometric data of students in foreign countries, there is need for anthropometric data of Nigerian students in the tertiary institution for the design and construction of furniture to suit them. The result is of great concern which could affect students in other institutions throughout Nigeria and could also pose a great risk of having back problem among students in Nigeria. Statement of Relevancy: The chair and table used in Nigeria were designed with reference to the measurement of other countries. The database of the Nigerian students will be very useful parameter in guiding principle for the designing of future equipment to be used in classrooms, laboratories and lecture theaters of the institutions.

Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 3(2) 2018 pp. 878-886, 2018

Considerable numbers of outdoor workers worldwide are exposed to solar radiation and this exposur... more Considerable numbers of outdoor workers worldwide are exposed to solar radiation and this exposure induces various adverse health effects on the workers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of solar radiation on human response during block laying in Ogun State, Nigeria. Two hundred and four masons performing block laying in outdoor environment were investigated between January and December. The meteorological parameters were measured and recorded around the mason which included the air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and radiant temperature respectively. Similarly, physiological parameters of the mason were also measured and recorded such as skin and core temperature. The results showed that the mean value of 33.13±2.34 o C, 55.32±6.40, 0.48±0.03 m/sec, 662.73±100.31 w/m 2 and 34.00±2.13 o C were observed for air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and radiant temperature respectively. The result also revealed that the mean skin and core temperature of the mason were 34.02±0.54 o C and 36.39±0.14 o C respectively. The study concluded that the combination of high temperature and high relative humidity serves to reduce the thermal comfort of the mason and outdoor air quality.

EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) -Peer Reviewed Journal , 2021

The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that ... more The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that appears to be physically present with a designated structure. Three-dimensional (3D), can also describe any object that occurs on a three-axis Cartesian coordinate system, a Cartesian system is basically a fancy way of describing the X and Y axes which are horizontal and vertical axis, but the inclusive of the third axis Z which is make it to be 3D of which the Z axis represent the depth.3D interaction is a form of human-machine interaction where users are able to move and perform interaction in 3D space. Both human and machine process information where the physical position of elements in 3D space. The main features of these 3D applications are immersion, interactivity, and involvement. Immersion holds the user's attention. Interactivity is related to how responsive the application is to user actions and Involvement has to do with engaging the user's interest in the underlying activity.3D interaction techniques are selection and manipulation, navigation, system control and symbolic inputs. Its application is in the area of Exploring Complex Data, Visualizations with the Cubic Mouse, Multimodal Interfaces in VEs Multimodal interaction, and VEs for Design Education Architectural design.

Engineering Review, Vol. 33, Issue 3,179-192, 2013, 2013

Students sit for most of the time on school furniture in the classroom. However, the design of sc... more Students sit for most of the time on school furniture in the classroom. However, the design of school furniture in Nigeria using the anthropometric data of the users has yet to be given adequate attention. This study was carried out to obtain anthropometric data of students in higher institutions of learning in Nigeria for the design of ergonomics chairs and tables for use by students in those institutions. Seven hundred and twenty (720) students in three selected institutions participated in the study. Various body dimensions (sitting elbow height, shoulder height, knee height, popliteal height, buttock-popliteal length, stature and body weight) of the students were measured using standard anthropometer and 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of the data obtained were computed using a SPSS 16.0 statistical package. The existing furniture dimensions in the selected institutions were also measured. Based on the obtained anthropometric data, this paper proposes furniture design dimensions...

Instrumentation, mesure, métrologie/Instrumentation mesure métrologie, Feb 26, 2024

Springer eBooks, Nov 22, 2023

Mindanao Journal of Science and Technology, Jun 19, 2022

Most buses used in Nigeria are imported; thus, the anthropometric dimensions of the citizens of t... more Most buses used in Nigeria are imported; thus, the anthropometric dimensions of the citizens of the country of manufacture were used for the seat design. Poorly designed seats due to a mismatch in anthropometric measurements may lead to musculoskeletal disorders. Hence, there is a need to design an appropriate seat for particular bus drivers. This study aimed to obtain anthropometric dimensions of Nigerian bus drivers and design an appropriate driver's seat based on the collected dimensions. Relevant anthropometric variables necessary for the driver's seat design were obtained from 150 randomly selected male bus drivers from seven towns in Ogun, Oyo and Lagos states. Seat dimensions of 50 urban buses in heavy and medium automobile categories were considered. The means, standard deviations and 5 th , 50 th and 95 th percentiles were calculated. The existing seat dimensions were compared with the required anthropometric measurements of the drivers for the seat design. It was found that the current seat measurements differed from the suggested seat dimensions. The study highlighted that in designing and producing bus seats for Nigerian bus drivers, their anthropometric data should be considered. The study recommended that the dimensions of the driver's seat should be 46.45-50.45 cm (seat height); 39-48.26 cm (seat depth); 46.83 cm (seat front width); 53 cm (backrest height); 49-58.26 (backrest depth); and 90° to 130° (seat backrest angle).

Gazi university journal of science part a:engineering and innovation, Mar 28, 2024

Buttock Measurements Human Body Weight Anthropometry Lower Body Dimensions Predictive Capabilitie... more Buttock Measurements Human Body Weight Anthropometry Lower Body Dimensions Predictive Capabilities This study explores the potential of utilizing buttock measurements, specifically buttock width and bottom popliteal length, as reliable indicators for estimating human body weight. Recognizing the increasing demand for accurate and accessible methods in various fields, author delves into the relationships between these lower body dimensions and overall body mass. The research evaluated 700 young adults, evenly split between 350 males and 350 females, utilizing random snowball sampling techniques from four local governments (Abeokuta South, Abeokuta North, Odeda and Ewekoro) areas of Ogun State, South Western Nigeria with participants aged between 19 and 27years The research centered on assessing human body weight (HBW), buttock width (BW), and bottom popliteal length (BPL) with all measurements documented in centimeters. Data analysis involved utilizing Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 21.0, for computation of average mean values, standard deviation, coefficient of determination (r 2), correlation coefficient (r), and standard error of estimates (SEE). Additionally, linear regression analysis was employed to formulate the model equation for determining HBW, in relation to BW, and BPL. The study provides an accuracy and applicability of anthropometric prediction of HBW and foundation for the development of practical methods with diverse applications, ranging from healthcare assessments to ergonomic design.

Procedia Computer Science, 2023

Management Science Letters, 2012

The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nig... more The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria was investigated and this was compared with some selected foreign countries. The study was to determine whether design improvement and further study is required in order to improve the conditions in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The anthropometrics measurements data were collected from 720 students of selected institutions. The data indicate a substantial degree of variability between the Nigerian tertiary students' body and the foreign counterparts. Since most of the furniture in use in our tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Nigeria were designed and constructed using the anthropometric data of students in foreign countries, there is need for anthropometric data of Nigerian students in the tertiary institution for the design and construction of furniture to suit them. The result is of great concern which could affect students in other institutions throughout Nigeria and could also pose a great risk of having back problem among students in Nigeria. Statement of Relevancy: The chair and table used in Nigeria were designed with reference to the measurement of other countries. The database of the Nigerian students will be very useful parameter in guiding principle for the designing of future equipment to be used in classrooms, laboratories and lecture theaters of the institutions.

Occupational Safety and Hygiene III, 2015

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have long been a primary cause of non-fatal injuri... more Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have long been a primary cause of non-fatal injuries in construction. They involve sudden or continuous stresses on a worker's musculoskeletal system (e.g., muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones) and may impair the ability of the worker to perform his or her job, or even cause permanent disability. Although assessing exposure to risk factors of WMSDs has proven to be feasible to alleviate the incidence rate of this injury, the field remains underdeveloped because of a lack of knowledge among construction professionals regarding the enabling techniques and their performance and limits. This paper reviews the available techniques for WMSD risk assessments, summarizes their benefits and limitations, and identifies areas in which further studies are still needed. Current techniques are categorized into self-report, observation, direct measurement, and remote sensing assessment. Particular interests are revealed in the wearable-sensor and vision-based techniques within the construction community. This review helps the industry to better understand the severity of WMSDs and the related risks in construction. This review also provides the construction research community with a holistic view on available techniques, their limitations, and the need for research in achieving automatic assessments on construction sites.

International Journal of Thermofluids, 2023

Human Factors and Ergonomics Journal, Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Malaysia, 2022

Height is an essential and important anthropometric parameter for coroners and forensic anthropol... more Height is an essential and important anthropometric parameter for coroners and forensic anthropologists. Several studies have been performed to determine standing height (SH) using various anthropometric body parts. Arm span length (ASL) is recognized as an alternative means of measuring standing height for the disabled, adaptive, or unable to stand upright. This study was conducted to measure the height of pupils from the age 5 to the 12 years old using ASL A total of 440 pupils (220 male and 220 female) participated in the study and the study was conducted in Obantoko Ogun State in Southwestern Nigeria. The Participants' actual standing height were measured with a digital stadiometer and ASL with a tape measure to within 0.1 cm.

Human Factors and Ergonomics Journal, Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Malaysia, 2022

The study was conducted to assess the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and body ma... more The study was conducted to assess the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and body mass index (BMI) relatives to the effect among the TCP) in Ogun State which was sought and selected using the snowball technique. Twelve out of twenty local government areas which cut across the entire three senatorial districts of Ogun State were selected, which is sixty percent of the entire local government in the state. Data analysis was performed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) V23 and Microsoft Excel (2010). The results were presented using descriptive statistics, means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages, pie charts and a bar chart. The result showed that 177 TCP (88.5%) participated with 32.5 ± 0.97 years as the mean age of the respondents. However, 76.3% reported daily pains while 95.5% complained of major pains in the body. The majority 79.1% spent less than 8 hours in a standing position when controlling the traffic while 48% enjoyed rest at the close of work. The result also revealed that 80.2% had normal BMI, 33.35% were smokers and 54.8% drank alcohol respectively. Occupational health was considered as 45.2% engaged in self-medication. The study shows that age is significantly correlated with BMI (P>0.01) and alcohol drinking (P<0.01) with WRMSDs and other factors such as working hours, gender and years of experience. The study concluded that prolonged standing, walking and repetitive twisting of the hand and shoulder may have seriously affected the health of TCP.

The Ethiopian journal of science and technology, Nov 7, 2022

Appraisal of body height (Bh) from leg length (LL) and other anthropometric parts of an individua... more Appraisal of body height (Bh) from leg length (LL) and other anthropometric parts of an individual is very important in the identification of human skeletal remains. The objective of this study was to develop a model for the estimation of Bh male , Bh female and Bh combined. The study was conducted in three selected tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria with a total of 324 students (162 male and 162 female) using the snowball techniques where the Bh and LL of the students were measured using stadiometer and sliding caliper. The data were analysed statistically using statistical package for social sciences v 21 software. The result showed mean values of 168.49 ± 9.19 cm of Bh male , 168.15 ± 8.66 cm Bh female and 168.32±8.91 cm Bh combined. Similarly, the mean values of 96.40±7.29 cm LL male , 96.27±6.96 cm LL female and 96.33 ± 7.12 cm LL combined were found. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination, R 2 was determined as 76.0%, 19.1% and 44.3%, respectively. Three regression models were formulated to determine the Bh male , Bh female and Bh combined with LL male , LL female and LL combined as the predictors. It was concluded that this formulated model could be a veritable tool for the development of forensic anthropological studies for Nigerian student population.

The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that ... more The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that appears to be physically present with a designated structure. Three-dimensional (3D), can also describe any object that occurs on a three-axis Cartesian coordinate system, a Cartesian system is basically a fancy way of describing the X and Y axes which are horizontal and vertical axis, but the inclusive of the third axis Z which is make it to be 3D of which the Z axis represent the depth.3D interaction is a form of human-machine interaction where users are able to move and perform interaction in 3D space. Both human and machine process information where the physical position of elements in 3D space. The main features of these 3D applications are immersion, interactivity, and involvement. Immersion holds the user’s attention. Interactivity is related to how responsive the application is to user actions and Involvement has to do with engaging the user’s interest in the underlying activity....

Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology, 2012

Management Science Letters 2 (2012) 1885–1894 , 2012

The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State... more The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria was investigated and this was compared with some selected foreign countries. The study was to determine whether design improvement and further study is required in order to improve the conditions in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The anthropometrics measurements data were collected from 720 students of selected institutions. The data indicate a substantial degree of variability between the Nigerian tertiary students’ body and the foreign counterparts. Since most of the furniture in use in our tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Nigeria were designed and constructed using the anthropometric data of students in foreign countries, there is need for anthropometric data of Nigerian students in the tertiary institution for the design and construction of furniture to suit them. The result is of great concern which could affect students in other institutions throughout Nigeria and could also pose a great risk of having back problem among students in Nigeria. Statement of Relevancy: The chair and table used in Nigeria were designed with reference to the measurement of other countries. The database of the Nigerian students will be very useful parameter in guiding principle for the designing of future equipment to be used in classrooms, laboratories and lecture theaters of the institutions.

Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 3(2) 2018 pp. 878-886, 2018

Considerable numbers of outdoor workers worldwide are exposed to solar radiation and this exposur... more Considerable numbers of outdoor workers worldwide are exposed to solar radiation and this exposure induces various adverse health effects on the workers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of solar radiation on human response during block laying in Ogun State, Nigeria. Two hundred and four masons performing block laying in outdoor environment were investigated between January and December. The meteorological parameters were measured and recorded around the mason which included the air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and radiant temperature respectively. Similarly, physiological parameters of the mason were also measured and recorded such as skin and core temperature. The results showed that the mean value of 33.13±2.34 o C, 55.32±6.40, 0.48±0.03 m/sec, 662.73±100.31 w/m 2 and 34.00±2.13 o C were observed for air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and radiant temperature respectively. The result also revealed that the mean skin and core temperature of the mason were 34.02±0.54 o C and 36.39±0.14 o C respectively. The study concluded that the combination of high temperature and high relative humidity serves to reduce the thermal comfort of the mason and outdoor air quality.

EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) -Peer Reviewed Journal , 2021

The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that ... more The word 3D is defined as three dimensional models that display a picture or item in a form that appears to be physically present with a designated structure. Three-dimensional (3D), can also describe any object that occurs on a three-axis Cartesian coordinate system, a Cartesian system is basically a fancy way of describing the X and Y axes which are horizontal and vertical axis, but the inclusive of the third axis Z which is make it to be 3D of which the Z axis represent the depth.3D interaction is a form of human-machine interaction where users are able to move and perform interaction in 3D space. Both human and machine process information where the physical position of elements in 3D space. The main features of these 3D applications are immersion, interactivity, and involvement. Immersion holds the user's attention. Interactivity is related to how responsive the application is to user actions and Involvement has to do with engaging the user's interest in the underlying activity.3D interaction techniques are selection and manipulation, navigation, system control and symbolic inputs. Its application is in the area of Exploring Complex Data, Visualizations with the Cubic Mouse, Multimodal Interfaces in VEs Multimodal interaction, and VEs for Design Education Architectural design.

Engineering Review, Vol. 33, Issue 3,179-192, 2013, 2013

Students sit for most of the time on school furniture in the classroom. However, the design of sc... more Students sit for most of the time on school furniture in the classroom. However, the design of school furniture in Nigeria using the anthropometric data of the users has yet to be given adequate attention. This study was carried out to obtain anthropometric data of students in higher institutions of learning in Nigeria for the design of ergonomics chairs and tables for use by students in those institutions. Seven hundred and twenty (720) students in three selected institutions participated in the study. Various body dimensions (sitting elbow height, shoulder height, knee height, popliteal height, buttock-popliteal length, stature and body weight) of the students were measured using standard anthropometer and 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of the data obtained were computed using a SPSS 16.0 statistical package. The existing furniture dimensions in the selected institutions were also measured. Based on the obtained anthropometric data, this paper proposes furniture design dimensions...