Takemi Fujikawa | Otemon Gakuin University (original) (raw)
Papers by Takemi Fujikawa
International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development, Nov 30, 2023
In recent years, HRM has received a lot of traction. Human resource management is essential for a... more In recent years, HRM has received a lot of traction. Human resource management is essential for all types of enterprises. The bulk of research indicates that HRM and organizational performance have a positive link. Each organization's main goal is to attain high levels of performance in its goals and objectives. In this paper, HRM and practices were investigated. What part do human resources play in achieving organizational objectives? This survey will also evaluate HRM practices by analyzing the 40 papers that have been submitted. In addition, this article offers a thorough examination of the chronological assessment based on each publication. In addition, the results of each research paper's analysis are displayed. A review of the literature was utilized to focus on and review the issue knowledge in this study. Finally, it expands on many research concerns that may be useful to researchers in doing more studies on HRM practices.
Social Science Research Network, 2009
ABSTRACT
This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-ma... more This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-making problems with the tool of experimental economics. A typical small decision-making problem is characterised by three critical features: first, it involves repeated tasks; the decision maker faces the same choice problem many times in similar situations. Second, each single choice is of little consequence in terms of net payoff; the alternatives tend to have similar expected value that may be fairly small. Finally, in choosing among the possible alternatives, the decision maker will have to rely on the immediate and unbiased feedback obtained in similar situations in the past. The importance of shedding light on the economics of small decisions is twofold. The first is that nowadays many common economic activities can be captured by small decision-making problems. Second, although each small decision
This paper provides a novel insight into human cognition by running a series of experiments on in... more This paper provides a novel insight into human cognition by running a series of experiments on individual behaviour under ambiguity and risk. I focus on what psychologists call “autonomy” as a motivating example of human cognition in decision making. A hypothesis raised in this paper is that autonomous behaviour is an emergent property of decision making under ambiguity. Results of the experiments presented in this paper reveal that, as the hypothesis asserts, the participants would exhibit autonomy that was the absence of excessive need for reliance on the information
This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-ma... more This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-making problems with the tool of experimental economics. A typical small decision-making problem is characterised by three critical features: first, it involves repeated tasks; the decision maker faces the same choice problem many times in similar situations. Second, each single choice is of little consequence in terms of net payoff; the alternatives tend to have similar expected value that may be fairly small. Finally, in choosing among the possible alternatives, the decision maker will have to rely on the immediate and unbiased feedback obtained in similar situations in the past. The importance of shedding light on the economics of small decisions is twofold. The first is that nowadays many common economic activities can be captured by small decision-making problems. Second, although each small decision
The current study aims to examine the current level of Japanese students' awareness towards, ... more The current study aims to examine the current level of Japanese students' awareness towards, and understanding of AIDS and its-related diseases. In the current survey, 406 undergraduates in Japan answered questions on awareness and perceptions of various AIDS-related issues, including free AIDS testing, AIDS transmission and roles of medias in disseminating AIDS-related information. The main findings are: (1) Less than half of the respondents had correct knowledge and understanding on modes of AIDS transmission, such as mother-to-child transmission and transmission via tooth brush sharing; (2) Despite current Internet-savvy young generation, the respondents ranked TV and education at schools respectively as the first and second most preferred sources of information on AIDS, while the Internet lagged behind. It shows that there is discrepancy between current and previous observations of the respondents' highly-valued information on AIDS and its-related issues.
This thesis presents and analyzes the result of experiments including small decision problems. In... more This thesis presents and analyzes the result of experiments including small decision problems. In the experiments, subjects are asked to choose one of two alternatives for a few thousand times. Two experiments are conducted. First experiment, where payoff structure is clearly told, is carried out in order to explore choice under uncertainty by examining whether expected utility theory holds or not. Second experiment, where subjects have no prior information as to payoff structure, is performed in order to explore search under uncertainty by investigating whether the ambiguity theory holds or not. The results capture expected utility theory by setting extremely concave utility functions, while the ambiguity theory is supported.
Behaviormetrika, 2007
This is an experimental economics research on human behaviour in "small decision making". I set u... more This is an experimental economics research on human behaviour in "small decision making". I set up ambiguity treatments in which there are two states of nature: a favourable state and an unfavourable state, but only one of them obtains on any given trial. The decision makers' basic task is a binary choice between a risky option with higher expected value and a riskless option with lower expected value. The one-person game is iterated hundreds of times. Experimental results are reported with several findings, such as underweighting of rare events and deviations from expected value maximisation. Finally, I investigate the imperfect Bayesian decision makers observed in the experiments by exploring to what extent they can update prior probabilities and reflect it in making decisions.
The Journal of Business, 1986
I&. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS Unclassified 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICAT... more I&. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS Unclassified 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION/ AVAILABILITY OF REPORT Approved for public release; distribution ?b. DECLASSIFICATION IDOWNGRADING SCHEDULE unlimited 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 17 6a. NAME OF PRFORMING OIGANIZATION , 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION
Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 2008
This paper provides an empirical and experimental analysis of individual decision making in small... more This paper provides an empirical and experimental analysis of individual decision making in small decision-making problems with a series of laboratory experiments. Two experimental treatments with binary small decision-making problems are implemented: (1) the search treatment ...
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2012
Problem statement: There have been much reported on decisions from experience, also referred to a... more Problem statement: There have been much reported on decisions from experience, also referred to as decisions in a complete ignorance fashion. Approach: This note lays out a Bayesian decision-theoretical framework that provides a computable account for decisions from experience. Results: To make the framework more tractable, this note sets up and examines decisions in an incomplete ignorance fashion. The current discussion asserts that well-known behavioural effects, such as the hot stove effect and the Bayesian framework may lead to different predictions. Conclusion/Recommendations: The framework is applied to the continuity form to predict a possibility from their experience. We conclude that the reasonable prediction is sometimes leads them to the unreasonable conditions.
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2010
Problem statement: This study adopts an interdisciplinary approach in conducting the study on "cu... more Problem statement: This study adopts an interdisciplinary approach in conducting the study on "curiosity" with a toolset of experimental economics. Approach: I hypothesized that the Decision Makers (DMs) tended to exhibit curiosity behavior when two conditions were met: (1) The DMs faced "small feedback-based" decision problems; (2) The DMs bore tangible costs of their curiosity behavior. Results: This study was the first to address the phenomenon of curiosity, using an economics experiment, where the DMs received financial performance-based incentives (i.e., monetary payoffs that were contingent on their performance in the experiment). Economics studies the cost and benefit of any action made by the DMs, whereas psychologists do not. A key feature of the current experiment was that the DMs faced 100-fold binary choice between two alternatives, both of which yielded fixed payoffs. Conclusion/Recommendations: Experimental results were interpreted as a confirmation of the hypothesis that curiosity was aroused when the aforementioned two conditions were met.
International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management
African Journal of Business Management, Feb 22, 2012
This paper experimentally studies the impact of background music and sound on the preference of t... more This paper experimentally studies the impact of background music and sound on the preference of the decision makers (DMs) for rewards in pairwise intertemporal choice tasks and lottery choice tasks. The participants took part in the current experiment, involving four treatments: (1) familiar music, (2) unfamiliar music, (3) noise and (4) no music. The experimental results confirm that background noise influences human performance in decision making under risk and intertemporal decision making, though the results do not indicate the existence of the significant familiarity effect.
Malaysia's economic growth in the past three decades is mostly attributed to its success in t... more Malaysia's economic growth in the past three decades is mostly attributed to its success in the export sector. A major challenge facing Malaysia is its high dependency on a selected few export destinations such as the USA and Japan. In order to further improve or stabilise its economy, Malaysia needs to diversify its export locations. In line with its extensive development in halal-related areas, Malaysia can further promote its halal products to Islamic countries such as Western Asian Countries (WACs). This study attempts to investigate the relevant factors that determine Malaysian exports to WACs, with special attention given to the role of halal development in Malaysia. Employing panel data analysis, this study observes that halal development generally plays a significant role in improving Malaysian exports to WACs. As a result, the efforts to promote halal products should be intensified, covering every aspects of the halal processes.
Malaysia’s remarkable economic performance during the past three decades is partly due to the cou... more Malaysia’s remarkable economic performance during the past three decades is partly due to the country’s successful export sector. Nonetheless, the growth of emerging economies necessitates change in the structure of Malaysia’s export sector. With slow economic growth in its primary trading partners, there is a pressing need for Malaysia to change its current export structure, which relies heavily on western industrialised countries as export destinations. By doing so, Malaysia can diversify its economy through agreements with new export destinations with which it currently has low bilateral trade. This paper aims to examine the trends of Malaysia's exports to Middle Eastern Asian Countries (MEACs) that are similar to Malaysia in that MEACs are also Islamic countries. Proposing MEACs as Malaysia's new main export destinations, this study will examine the probable impact of various trade agreements signed between MEACs and other countries on Malaysian exports to MEACs. Applyin...
This paper explores small decision problems experimentally. Conducted is the current experiment i... more This paper explores small decision problems experimentally. Conducted is the current experiment in which agent’s payoff distribution is limited to either high (favourable) distribution (“Good News”) or low (unfavourable) distribution (“Bad News”). We conduct calibration of numerical optimal solution to search behaviour by Bayesian updating and agents’ tendency in the laboratory experiment in small feedback-based problems. One assumption on an rational agent is that an agent is to behave to maximise his expected payoff. Results of the current experiment, however, show subjects’ seemingly puzzled tendency inconsistent with the assumption above. The law of small numbers is observed in the experiment. The law of small numbers tells us that an agent will gather too little data and will overgeneralise from small samples to distributions. Agent’s overgeneralisation of distribution may lead him to behave not to maximise expected payoff.
Sice Annual Conference 2011, 2011
Abstract This paper presents and analyzes the results of two experiments including small decision... more Abstract This paper presents and analyzes the results of two experiments including small decision problems. In the experiments, subjects are asked to choose one of two alternatives for a few thousand times. First experiment, where payoff structure is clearly told, is carried out to ...
International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development, Nov 30, 2023
In recent years, HRM has received a lot of traction. Human resource management is essential for a... more In recent years, HRM has received a lot of traction. Human resource management is essential for all types of enterprises. The bulk of research indicates that HRM and organizational performance have a positive link. Each organization's main goal is to attain high levels of performance in its goals and objectives. In this paper, HRM and practices were investigated. What part do human resources play in achieving organizational objectives? This survey will also evaluate HRM practices by analyzing the 40 papers that have been submitted. In addition, this article offers a thorough examination of the chronological assessment based on each publication. In addition, the results of each research paper's analysis are displayed. A review of the literature was utilized to focus on and review the issue knowledge in this study. Finally, it expands on many research concerns that may be useful to researchers in doing more studies on HRM practices.
Social Science Research Network, 2009
ABSTRACT
This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-ma... more This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-making problems with the tool of experimental economics. A typical small decision-making problem is characterised by three critical features: first, it involves repeated tasks; the decision maker faces the same choice problem many times in similar situations. Second, each single choice is of little consequence in terms of net payoff; the alternatives tend to have similar expected value that may be fairly small. Finally, in choosing among the possible alternatives, the decision maker will have to rely on the immediate and unbiased feedback obtained in similar situations in the past. The importance of shedding light on the economics of small decisions is twofold. The first is that nowadays many common economic activities can be captured by small decision-making problems. Second, although each small decision
This paper provides a novel insight into human cognition by running a series of experiments on in... more This paper provides a novel insight into human cognition by running a series of experiments on individual behaviour under ambiguity and risk. I focus on what psychologists call “autonomy” as a motivating example of human cognition in decision making. A hypothesis raised in this paper is that autonomous behaviour is an emergent property of decision making under ambiguity. Results of the experiments presented in this paper reveal that, as the hypothesis asserts, the participants would exhibit autonomy that was the absence of excessive need for reliance on the information
This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-ma... more This thesis aims at pursuing an extensive investigation into decision making in small decision-making problems with the tool of experimental economics. A typical small decision-making problem is characterised by three critical features: first, it involves repeated tasks; the decision maker faces the same choice problem many times in similar situations. Second, each single choice is of little consequence in terms of net payoff; the alternatives tend to have similar expected value that may be fairly small. Finally, in choosing among the possible alternatives, the decision maker will have to rely on the immediate and unbiased feedback obtained in similar situations in the past. The importance of shedding light on the economics of small decisions is twofold. The first is that nowadays many common economic activities can be captured by small decision-making problems. Second, although each small decision
The current study aims to examine the current level of Japanese students' awareness towards, ... more The current study aims to examine the current level of Japanese students' awareness towards, and understanding of AIDS and its-related diseases. In the current survey, 406 undergraduates in Japan answered questions on awareness and perceptions of various AIDS-related issues, including free AIDS testing, AIDS transmission and roles of medias in disseminating AIDS-related information. The main findings are: (1) Less than half of the respondents had correct knowledge and understanding on modes of AIDS transmission, such as mother-to-child transmission and transmission via tooth brush sharing; (2) Despite current Internet-savvy young generation, the respondents ranked TV and education at schools respectively as the first and second most preferred sources of information on AIDS, while the Internet lagged behind. It shows that there is discrepancy between current and previous observations of the respondents' highly-valued information on AIDS and its-related issues.
This thesis presents and analyzes the result of experiments including small decision problems. In... more This thesis presents and analyzes the result of experiments including small decision problems. In the experiments, subjects are asked to choose one of two alternatives for a few thousand times. Two experiments are conducted. First experiment, where payoff structure is clearly told, is carried out in order to explore choice under uncertainty by examining whether expected utility theory holds or not. Second experiment, where subjects have no prior information as to payoff structure, is performed in order to explore search under uncertainty by investigating whether the ambiguity theory holds or not. The results capture expected utility theory by setting extremely concave utility functions, while the ambiguity theory is supported.
Behaviormetrika, 2007
This is an experimental economics research on human behaviour in "small decision making". I set u... more This is an experimental economics research on human behaviour in "small decision making". I set up ambiguity treatments in which there are two states of nature: a favourable state and an unfavourable state, but only one of them obtains on any given trial. The decision makers' basic task is a binary choice between a risky option with higher expected value and a riskless option with lower expected value. The one-person game is iterated hundreds of times. Experimental results are reported with several findings, such as underweighting of rare events and deviations from expected value maximisation. Finally, I investigate the imperfect Bayesian decision makers observed in the experiments by exploring to what extent they can update prior probabilities and reflect it in making decisions.
The Journal of Business, 1986
I&. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS Unclassified 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICAT... more I&. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS Unclassified 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION/ AVAILABILITY OF REPORT Approved for public release; distribution ?b. DECLASSIFICATION IDOWNGRADING SCHEDULE unlimited 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 17 6a. NAME OF PRFORMING OIGANIZATION , 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION
Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 2008
This paper provides an empirical and experimental analysis of individual decision making in small... more This paper provides an empirical and experimental analysis of individual decision making in small decision-making problems with a series of laboratory experiments. Two experimental treatments with binary small decision-making problems are implemented: (1) the search treatment ...
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2012
Problem statement: There have been much reported on decisions from experience, also referred to a... more Problem statement: There have been much reported on decisions from experience, also referred to as decisions in a complete ignorance fashion. Approach: This note lays out a Bayesian decision-theoretical framework that provides a computable account for decisions from experience. Results: To make the framework more tractable, this note sets up and examines decisions in an incomplete ignorance fashion. The current discussion asserts that well-known behavioural effects, such as the hot stove effect and the Bayesian framework may lead to different predictions. Conclusion/Recommendations: The framework is applied to the continuity form to predict a possibility from their experience. We conclude that the reasonable prediction is sometimes leads them to the unreasonable conditions.
American Journal of Applied Sciences, 2010
Problem statement: This study adopts an interdisciplinary approach in conducting the study on "cu... more Problem statement: This study adopts an interdisciplinary approach in conducting the study on "curiosity" with a toolset of experimental economics. Approach: I hypothesized that the Decision Makers (DMs) tended to exhibit curiosity behavior when two conditions were met: (1) The DMs faced "small feedback-based" decision problems; (2) The DMs bore tangible costs of their curiosity behavior. Results: This study was the first to address the phenomenon of curiosity, using an economics experiment, where the DMs received financial performance-based incentives (i.e., monetary payoffs that were contingent on their performance in the experiment). Economics studies the cost and benefit of any action made by the DMs, whereas psychologists do not. A key feature of the current experiment was that the DMs faced 100-fold binary choice between two alternatives, both of which yielded fixed payoffs. Conclusion/Recommendations: Experimental results were interpreted as a confirmation of the hypothesis that curiosity was aroused when the aforementioned two conditions were met.
International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management
African Journal of Business Management, Feb 22, 2012
This paper experimentally studies the impact of background music and sound on the preference of t... more This paper experimentally studies the impact of background music and sound on the preference of the decision makers (DMs) for rewards in pairwise intertemporal choice tasks and lottery choice tasks. The participants took part in the current experiment, involving four treatments: (1) familiar music, (2) unfamiliar music, (3) noise and (4) no music. The experimental results confirm that background noise influences human performance in decision making under risk and intertemporal decision making, though the results do not indicate the existence of the significant familiarity effect.
Malaysia's economic growth in the past three decades is mostly attributed to its success in t... more Malaysia's economic growth in the past three decades is mostly attributed to its success in the export sector. A major challenge facing Malaysia is its high dependency on a selected few export destinations such as the USA and Japan. In order to further improve or stabilise its economy, Malaysia needs to diversify its export locations. In line with its extensive development in halal-related areas, Malaysia can further promote its halal products to Islamic countries such as Western Asian Countries (WACs). This study attempts to investigate the relevant factors that determine Malaysian exports to WACs, with special attention given to the role of halal development in Malaysia. Employing panel data analysis, this study observes that halal development generally plays a significant role in improving Malaysian exports to WACs. As a result, the efforts to promote halal products should be intensified, covering every aspects of the halal processes.
Malaysia’s remarkable economic performance during the past three decades is partly due to the cou... more Malaysia’s remarkable economic performance during the past three decades is partly due to the country’s successful export sector. Nonetheless, the growth of emerging economies necessitates change in the structure of Malaysia’s export sector. With slow economic growth in its primary trading partners, there is a pressing need for Malaysia to change its current export structure, which relies heavily on western industrialised countries as export destinations. By doing so, Malaysia can diversify its economy through agreements with new export destinations with which it currently has low bilateral trade. This paper aims to examine the trends of Malaysia's exports to Middle Eastern Asian Countries (MEACs) that are similar to Malaysia in that MEACs are also Islamic countries. Proposing MEACs as Malaysia's new main export destinations, this study will examine the probable impact of various trade agreements signed between MEACs and other countries on Malaysian exports to MEACs. Applyin...
This paper explores small decision problems experimentally. Conducted is the current experiment i... more This paper explores small decision problems experimentally. Conducted is the current experiment in which agent’s payoff distribution is limited to either high (favourable) distribution (“Good News”) or low (unfavourable) distribution (“Bad News”). We conduct calibration of numerical optimal solution to search behaviour by Bayesian updating and agents’ tendency in the laboratory experiment in small feedback-based problems. One assumption on an rational agent is that an agent is to behave to maximise his expected payoff. Results of the current experiment, however, show subjects’ seemingly puzzled tendency inconsistent with the assumption above. The law of small numbers is observed in the experiment. The law of small numbers tells us that an agent will gather too little data and will overgeneralise from small samples to distributions. Agent’s overgeneralisation of distribution may lead him to behave not to maximise expected payoff.
Sice Annual Conference 2011, 2011
Abstract This paper presents and analyzes the results of two experiments including small decision... more Abstract This paper presents and analyzes the results of two experiments including small decision problems. In the experiments, subjects are asked to choose one of two alternatives for a few thousand times. First experiment, where payoff structure is clearly told, is carried out to ...
Developments on Experimental Economics, 2007
This paper experimentally investigates “small decision-making” (SDM) problems on the ground that ... more This paper experimentally investigates “small decision-making” (SDM) problems on the ground that many common activities include those problems. SDM problems are defined by three main properties [2]. First, they include repeated tasks; the decision makers (DMs) face the same choice problem many times in similar situations. Second, each single choice is not very essential; the alternatives tend to have similar expected value (EV) that may be fairly small. Finally, the DMs do not have objective prior information as to payoff distribution. In choosing among the possible alternatives, the DMs will have to rely on the immediate and unbiased feedback obtained in similar situations in the past.
Institutional quality (IQ) has been well documented in the literature as powerful factor to help ... more Institutional quality (IQ) has been well documented in the literature as powerful factor to help economic growth directly or indirectly via its ability to attract more foreign direct investment (FDI). Malaysia, as one of previously favourite locations for FDI, is also struggling to attract more FDI as part of its strategies in the development programs. As good IQ becomes critical prerequisite to lure FDI inflows, efforts to improve IQ has been intensively done but the question remains pertaining to its effectiveness as a FDI attracting-tool. With a special reference to Japanese FDI in Asia, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of Malaysian IQ in attracting Japanese FDI into Malaysia. Panel ARDL is employed to analyse the model and this study observes that while the importance of IQ as mean to lure FDI is confirmed, the effectiveness of IQ is subject to change in IQ of competing countries.
We present three survey-based experiments and show the effect of background music tempo in indivi... more We present three survey-based experiments and show the effect of background music tempo in individual decision making under risk and intertemporal choice. In Experiment 1, 41 participants answered survey items relating to decision making under risk and intertemporal choice in the presence of fast tempo background music. In Experiment 2, 38 subjects answered survey items relating to decision making under risk and intertemporal choice in the presence of slow tempo background music while 39 participants did so without the presence of any background music in Experiment 3. The current results show that fast tempo music has significant effect on choice under risk and intertemporal choice. The current results also show that, in the presence of fast tempo music, the decision makers tend to exhibit higher risk level in choice under risk, whereas they tend to exhibit lower discount rate in intertemporal choice tasks.
Institutional quality (IQ) has been well documented in the literature as powerful factor to help ... more Institutional quality (IQ) has been well documented in the literature as powerful factor to help economic growth directly or indirectly via its ability to attract more foreign direct investment (FDI). Malaysia, as one of previously favourite locations for FDI, is also struggling to attract more FDI as part of its strategies in the development programs. As good IQ becomes critical prerequisite to lure FDI inflows, efforts to improve IQ has been intensively done but the question remains pertaining to its effectiveness as a FDI attracting-tool. With a special reference to Japanese FDI in Asia, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of Malaysian IQ in attracting Japanese FDI into Malaysia. Panel ARDL is employed to analyse the model and this study observes that while the importance of IQ as mean to lure FDI is confirmed, the effectiveness of IQ is subject to change in IQ of competing countries.