Mika Kallio | University of Oulu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mika Kallio

The journal of hand surgery, Jun 1, 2006

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Jun 1, 2007

Clinical Neurophysiology, Jul 1, 2023

Clinical Neurophysiology, Sep 1, 2006

male, 6 patients (37.5%) female. Injury levels were trunk (62.4%), root (18.8%), cord (12.5%), an... more male, 6 patients (37.5%) female. Injury levels were trunk (62.4%), root (18.8%), cord (12.5%), and division (6.3%) in order of frequency. Complete injury was found in 2 patients (12.5%) and incomplete injury 14 patients (87.5%). The most common cause of injury was obstetrical palsy (62.5%). Combined injuries such as fracture or muscle rupture were observed in 6 patients (37.5%). Operations were performed in only 3 patients (18.8%). (4) In adults, 92 patients (80.7%) were male, 22 patients (19.3%) female. Injury levels were root (38.6%), trunk (31.6%), cord (24.6%), division (4.4%), and others (0.8%) in order of frequency. Complete injury was found in 12 patients (10.5%) and incomplete injury 102 patients (89.5%). The most common cause of injury was motor vehicle-related trauma (62.5%). Combined injuries were observed in 79 patients (69.3%). Operations were performed in 54 patients (47.4%). Conclusion: Our results would be helpful in understanding the difference of clinical patterns of brachial plexopathy between adults and children in tertiary hospital.

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2011

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the commonest upper limb nerve entrapment syndrome se... more Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the commonest upper limb nerve entrapment syndrome seen in practice. In many centres, nerve conduction studies (NCS) have been adopted as a routine part of the diagnostic process. In the United Kingdom, the time taken to access diagnostic tests has been likened to a "hidden waiting list", lengthening the time taken for a patient to access treatment. In the current healthcare climate with a centrally driven aim to reduce patient waiting time to a maximum of eighteen weeks, including tests, such waiting is even more unacceptable. Aim. This study was performed in order to evaluate a simple handheld device for quantifying median nerve lesions in CTS. Design of study: A prospective blinded cohort study. Setting: Leicester General Hospital, Carpal Tunnel Service Method: Participants were recruited from the normal referral stream. If the clinical findings were consistent with a diagnosis of CTS, they were formally consented to the study in which results from the new handheld device were compared with traditional NCS. Final test group consisted of 63 participants. Results: For the new device the correct positive detection rate for abnormal nerve conduction was 91% (74/81 hands). Of the seven abnormal results not picked up by the new device, four were in asymptomatic hands (positive per cent agreement in symptomatic hands 95%). There were no false positives with the new system. (Negative per cent agreement 100%) Conclusion: We conclude that this new device demonstrates a high degree of concordance with currently available traditional NCS. The study suggested ways in which the accuracy could be further improved.

Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2020

OBJECTIVES Surgical repair of thoracic aorta can compromise blood flow of the spinal cord. To mit... more OBJECTIVES Surgical repair of thoracic aorta can compromise blood flow of the spinal cord. To mitigate spinal cord ischemia (SCI) additional protection methods are needed. In experimental studies remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has proven to be an effective method of protecting organs from ischemia. The aim of the study was to assess efficacy of RIPC in spinal cord protection in a chronic porcine model. METHODS Sixteen piglets were assigned into the RIPC group (8) and the control group (8). RIPC was performed using blood pressure cuff in a 5-minute ischemia followed by a 5-minute reperfusion repeating cycles 4 times. The left subclavian artery and all segmental arteries above diaphragm were ligated at 5-minute intervals to accomplish SCI. The follow-up comprised a 4-hour intensive monitoring and a 7-day recovery phase. Blood samples were obtained, motor-evoked potentials and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of longitudinal back muscles were measured. Paraplegia was assessed every day postoperatively. Histopathological analysis of the spinal cord was performed after 7 days. RESULTS NIRS values 4 hours after SCI were higher in the RIPC group, 45.5 (44.5-47.0), than in the control group, 41.5 (40.5-44.0) (P = 0.042). Nadir value of NIRS was 43.4 (39.3-46.0) in the RIPC group and 38.9 (38.3-40.0) in the control group (P = 0.014). On the first postoperative day the RIPC group reached modified Tarlov score of 3 (2-3) versus 2 (1-2) in the control group (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS RIPC hastens the recovery from SCI during the first postoperative day.

Clinical Neurophysiology, Sep 1, 2018

Highlights * Children who stutter (CWS) exhibit less alpha activity than controls during a visual... more Highlights * Children who stutter (CWS) exhibit less alpha activity than controls during a visual Go/Nogo task. * Controls had clear occipital alpha between stimuli while CWS showed a shift to slower frequencies. * CWS show atypical function of attentional gating possibly due to immaturity of the brain networks.

Clinical Neurophysiology, Sep 1, 2022

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jan 20, 2023

Infra-slow fluctuations (ISFs, 0.008-0.1 Hz) characterize hemodynamic and electric potential sign... more Infra-slow fluctuations (ISFs, 0.008-0.1 Hz) characterize hemodynamic and electric potential signals from the human brain. ISFs are known to correlate with the amplitude dynamics of fast (> 1 Hz) neuronal oscillations, and may arise from permeability fluctuations of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Slow physiological pulsations such as respiration may also influence the amplitude dynamics of fast oscillations, but it remains uncertain if these processes track the fluctuations of fast cortical oscillations or act as their drivers. Moreover, possible effects of sleep and associated BBB permeability changes on such coupling are unknown. Here, we used non-invasive highdensity full-band electroencephalography (EEG) in healthy human volunteers (N=21) to measure concurrently the ISFs, respiratory pulsations, and fast neuronal oscillations during periods of wakefulness and sleep, and to assess the strength and direction of their phase-amplitude coupling. The phases of ISFs and respiration were both coupled with the amplitude of fast neuronal oscillations, with stronger ISF coupling evident during sleep. Causality analysis robustly showed that the phase of ISF and respiration drove the amplitude dynamics of fast oscillations in sleeping and waking states. However, the net direction of modulation was stronger during the awake state, despite the stronger power and phase-amplitude coupling of slow signals during sleep. These findings show that the ISFs in slow cortical potentials and respiration together significantly determine the dynamics of fast cortical oscillations. We propose that these slow physiological phases are involved in coordinating cortical excitability, which is a fundamental aspect of brain function.

Duodecim lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 2010

Atrophy demarcating to musculus teres minor is seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder... more Atrophy demarcating to musculus teres minor is seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder region in 3 to 5.5% of investigations. We describe seven patients with prolonged or recurrent pain of the shoulder region, who were diagnosed in ENMG with damage of the axillary nerve brand to m. teres minor. Probable causes included tear of the rotator cuff, luxation of the shoulder joint, nerve entrapment in the quadrilateral space, neuritis of the brachial plexus and iatrogenic damage associated with shoulder arthroscopy. This nerve damage cannot be proved clinically.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Jul 1, 1997

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, Mar 1, 2017

This paper reviews the current state of noninvasive EMG and NIRS-based methods used to study musc... more This paper reviews the current state of noninvasive EMG and NIRS-based methods used to study muscle function. In addition, we built a combined sEMG/NIRS/ACM sensor to perform simultaneous measurements for static and dynamic exercises of a biceps brachii muscle. Further, we discuss the e®ect of muscle motion in response of NIRS and EMG when measured noninvasively. Based on our preliminary studies, both NIRS and EMG supply speci¯c information on muscle activation, but their signal responses also showed similarities with acceleration signals which, in this case, were supposed to be solely sensitive to motions.

Clinical Neurophysiology, 2017

Highlights 1. Children with stutter (CWS) show atypical brain activation compared to typically de... more Highlights 1. Children with stutter (CWS) show atypical brain activation compared to typically developing children (TDC) in a visual Go/Nogo task especially in the right frontal area. 2. CWS had prolonged N2 in both conditions while the Nogo P3 component was diminished compared to TDC. 3. Stimulus classification and/or inhibitory control may operate abnormally in the CWS.

Journal of Fluency Disorders, Jun 1, 2016

Purpose of the study: The main aim of the study was to investigate the attentional and inhibitory... more Purpose of the study: The main aim of the study was to investigate the attentional and inhibitory abilities and their underlying processes of children who stutter by using behavioural measurement and event-related potentials (ERP) in a visual Go/Nogo paradigm. Methods: Participants were 11 children who stutter (CWS; mean age 8.1, age range 6.3-9.5 years) and 19 typically developed children (TDC; mean age 8.1, age range 5.8-9.6 years). They performed a visual Go/Nogo task with simultaneous EEG recording to obtain ERP responses. Results: Results showed that CWS had longer N2 and P3 latencies in the Go condition compared to the TDC. In contrast, the groups did not differ significantly in the Nogo condition or behavioural measures. Conclusions: Our findings did not confirm less efficient inhibitory control in CWS but suggest atypical attentional processing such as stimulus evaluation and response selection. Educational Objectives: The reader will be able to (a) describe recent findings on attention and inhibitory control in children who stutter, (b) describe the measurement of attentional processing, including inhibitory control, and (c) describe the findings on attentional processing in children who stutter as indexed by the event-related potentials in a visual Go/Nogo paradigm.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Oct 1, 1996

The journal of hand surgery, Jun 1, 2006

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Jun 1, 2007

Clinical Neurophysiology, Jul 1, 2023

Clinical Neurophysiology, Sep 1, 2006

male, 6 patients (37.5%) female. Injury levels were trunk (62.4%), root (18.8%), cord (12.5%), an... more male, 6 patients (37.5%) female. Injury levels were trunk (62.4%), root (18.8%), cord (12.5%), and division (6.3%) in order of frequency. Complete injury was found in 2 patients (12.5%) and incomplete injury 14 patients (87.5%). The most common cause of injury was obstetrical palsy (62.5%). Combined injuries such as fracture or muscle rupture were observed in 6 patients (37.5%). Operations were performed in only 3 patients (18.8%). (4) In adults, 92 patients (80.7%) were male, 22 patients (19.3%) female. Injury levels were root (38.6%), trunk (31.6%), cord (24.6%), division (4.4%), and others (0.8%) in order of frequency. Complete injury was found in 12 patients (10.5%) and incomplete injury 102 patients (89.5%). The most common cause of injury was motor vehicle-related trauma (62.5%). Combined injuries were observed in 79 patients (69.3%). Operations were performed in 54 patients (47.4%). Conclusion: Our results would be helpful in understanding the difference of clinical patterns of brachial plexopathy between adults and children in tertiary hospital.

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2011

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the commonest upper limb nerve entrapment syndrome se... more Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the commonest upper limb nerve entrapment syndrome seen in practice. In many centres, nerve conduction studies (NCS) have been adopted as a routine part of the diagnostic process. In the United Kingdom, the time taken to access diagnostic tests has been likened to a "hidden waiting list", lengthening the time taken for a patient to access treatment. In the current healthcare climate with a centrally driven aim to reduce patient waiting time to a maximum of eighteen weeks, including tests, such waiting is even more unacceptable. Aim. This study was performed in order to evaluate a simple handheld device for quantifying median nerve lesions in CTS. Design of study: A prospective blinded cohort study. Setting: Leicester General Hospital, Carpal Tunnel Service Method: Participants were recruited from the normal referral stream. If the clinical findings were consistent with a diagnosis of CTS, they were formally consented to the study in which results from the new handheld device were compared with traditional NCS. Final test group consisted of 63 participants. Results: For the new device the correct positive detection rate for abnormal nerve conduction was 91% (74/81 hands). Of the seven abnormal results not picked up by the new device, four were in asymptomatic hands (positive per cent agreement in symptomatic hands 95%). There were no false positives with the new system. (Negative per cent agreement 100%) Conclusion: We conclude that this new device demonstrates a high degree of concordance with currently available traditional NCS. The study suggested ways in which the accuracy could be further improved.

Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2020

OBJECTIVES Surgical repair of thoracic aorta can compromise blood flow of the spinal cord. To mit... more OBJECTIVES Surgical repair of thoracic aorta can compromise blood flow of the spinal cord. To mitigate spinal cord ischemia (SCI) additional protection methods are needed. In experimental studies remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has proven to be an effective method of protecting organs from ischemia. The aim of the study was to assess efficacy of RIPC in spinal cord protection in a chronic porcine model. METHODS Sixteen piglets were assigned into the RIPC group (8) and the control group (8). RIPC was performed using blood pressure cuff in a 5-minute ischemia followed by a 5-minute reperfusion repeating cycles 4 times. The left subclavian artery and all segmental arteries above diaphragm were ligated at 5-minute intervals to accomplish SCI. The follow-up comprised a 4-hour intensive monitoring and a 7-day recovery phase. Blood samples were obtained, motor-evoked potentials and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of longitudinal back muscles were measured. Paraplegia was assessed every day postoperatively. Histopathological analysis of the spinal cord was performed after 7 days. RESULTS NIRS values 4 hours after SCI were higher in the RIPC group, 45.5 (44.5-47.0), than in the control group, 41.5 (40.5-44.0) (P = 0.042). Nadir value of NIRS was 43.4 (39.3-46.0) in the RIPC group and 38.9 (38.3-40.0) in the control group (P = 0.014). On the first postoperative day the RIPC group reached modified Tarlov score of 3 (2-3) versus 2 (1-2) in the control group (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS RIPC hastens the recovery from SCI during the first postoperative day.

Clinical Neurophysiology, Sep 1, 2018

Highlights * Children who stutter (CWS) exhibit less alpha activity than controls during a visual... more Highlights * Children who stutter (CWS) exhibit less alpha activity than controls during a visual Go/Nogo task. * Controls had clear occipital alpha between stimuli while CWS showed a shift to slower frequencies. * CWS show atypical function of attentional gating possibly due to immaturity of the brain networks.

Clinical Neurophysiology, Sep 1, 2022

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Jan 20, 2023

Infra-slow fluctuations (ISFs, 0.008-0.1 Hz) characterize hemodynamic and electric potential sign... more Infra-slow fluctuations (ISFs, 0.008-0.1 Hz) characterize hemodynamic and electric potential signals from the human brain. ISFs are known to correlate with the amplitude dynamics of fast (> 1 Hz) neuronal oscillations, and may arise from permeability fluctuations of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Slow physiological pulsations such as respiration may also influence the amplitude dynamics of fast oscillations, but it remains uncertain if these processes track the fluctuations of fast cortical oscillations or act as their drivers. Moreover, possible effects of sleep and associated BBB permeability changes on such coupling are unknown. Here, we used non-invasive highdensity full-band electroencephalography (EEG) in healthy human volunteers (N=21) to measure concurrently the ISFs, respiratory pulsations, and fast neuronal oscillations during periods of wakefulness and sleep, and to assess the strength and direction of their phase-amplitude coupling. The phases of ISFs and respiration were both coupled with the amplitude of fast neuronal oscillations, with stronger ISF coupling evident during sleep. Causality analysis robustly showed that the phase of ISF and respiration drove the amplitude dynamics of fast oscillations in sleeping and waking states. However, the net direction of modulation was stronger during the awake state, despite the stronger power and phase-amplitude coupling of slow signals during sleep. These findings show that the ISFs in slow cortical potentials and respiration together significantly determine the dynamics of fast cortical oscillations. We propose that these slow physiological phases are involved in coordinating cortical excitability, which is a fundamental aspect of brain function.

Duodecim lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 2010

Atrophy demarcating to musculus teres minor is seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder... more Atrophy demarcating to musculus teres minor is seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder region in 3 to 5.5% of investigations. We describe seven patients with prolonged or recurrent pain of the shoulder region, who were diagnosed in ENMG with damage of the axillary nerve brand to m. teres minor. Probable causes included tear of the rotator cuff, luxation of the shoulder joint, nerve entrapment in the quadrilateral space, neuritis of the brachial plexus and iatrogenic damage associated with shoulder arthroscopy. This nerve damage cannot be proved clinically.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Jul 1, 1997

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, Mar 1, 2017

This paper reviews the current state of noninvasive EMG and NIRS-based methods used to study musc... more This paper reviews the current state of noninvasive EMG and NIRS-based methods used to study muscle function. In addition, we built a combined sEMG/NIRS/ACM sensor to perform simultaneous measurements for static and dynamic exercises of a biceps brachii muscle. Further, we discuss the e®ect of muscle motion in response of NIRS and EMG when measured noninvasively. Based on our preliminary studies, both NIRS and EMG supply speci¯c information on muscle activation, but their signal responses also showed similarities with acceleration signals which, in this case, were supposed to be solely sensitive to motions.

Clinical Neurophysiology, 2017

Highlights 1. Children with stutter (CWS) show atypical brain activation compared to typically de... more Highlights 1. Children with stutter (CWS) show atypical brain activation compared to typically developing children (TDC) in a visual Go/Nogo task especially in the right frontal area. 2. CWS had prolonged N2 in both conditions while the Nogo P3 component was diminished compared to TDC. 3. Stimulus classification and/or inhibitory control may operate abnormally in the CWS.

Journal of Fluency Disorders, Jun 1, 2016

Purpose of the study: The main aim of the study was to investigate the attentional and inhibitory... more Purpose of the study: The main aim of the study was to investigate the attentional and inhibitory abilities and their underlying processes of children who stutter by using behavioural measurement and event-related potentials (ERP) in a visual Go/Nogo paradigm. Methods: Participants were 11 children who stutter (CWS; mean age 8.1, age range 6.3-9.5 years) and 19 typically developed children (TDC; mean age 8.1, age range 5.8-9.6 years). They performed a visual Go/Nogo task with simultaneous EEG recording to obtain ERP responses. Results: Results showed that CWS had longer N2 and P3 latencies in the Go condition compared to the TDC. In contrast, the groups did not differ significantly in the Nogo condition or behavioural measures. Conclusions: Our findings did not confirm less efficient inhibitory control in CWS but suggest atypical attentional processing such as stimulus evaluation and response selection. Educational Objectives: The reader will be able to (a) describe recent findings on attention and inhibitory control in children who stutter, (b) describe the measurement of attentional processing, including inhibitory control, and (c) describe the findings on attentional processing in children who stutter as indexed by the event-related potentials in a visual Go/Nogo paradigm.

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, Oct 1, 1996