Tiina Kuokkanen | University of Oulu (original) (raw)

Papers by Tiina Kuokkanen

Post-medieval Archaeology, Jan 12, 2023

A Guide to Studying the History of Childhood: Multidisciplinary Perspectives and Methods This edi... more A Guide to Studying the History of Childhood: Multidisciplinary Perspectives and Methods This edited volume is a handbook of research methodologies for the history of childhood. The history of childhood is a vibrant, multidisciplinary field that incorporates a rich variety of methodological approaches developed in disciplines across the social sciences and humanities, including archaeology, education, ethnology, literature, and history. The volume presents a collection of chapters that engage a range of different research traditions and employ different research material, conceptual tools, and methods of analysis for the historical study of childhood. In doing so, the volume attends to issues specific to the study of children and childhood, such as those related to research ethics and the theoretical complexities of defining ‘the child’ and ‘childhood’. While the central focus is on the history of childhood in Finland, the volume also includes international and transnational cases, ...

Esinetutkimusverkosto Artefacta, Feb 2, 2015

Varhaismodernissa Ruotsissa kansalaisten pukeutumista ohjattiin ylellisyysasetuksilla, jotka oliv... more Varhaismodernissa Ruotsissa kansalaisten pukeutumista ohjattiin ylellisyysasetuksilla, jotka olivat tiukimmillaan 1700-luvulla. Jokaisen tuli pukeutua säätynsä mukaisesti, ylempiään kunnioittaen. Pukujen kankaat ja mallit olivat tiukan kontrollin alaisia, minkä vuoksi asusteiden merkitys koristautumisessa kohosi aiempaa tärkeämmäksi. Tutkimme tässä artikkelissa, kuinka ylellisyysasetukset ja tuontikiellot vaikuttivat ihmisten pukeutumiseen varhaismodernissa Oulussa. Lähteinä käytämme Oulun Pikisaaren arkeologisten kaivausten esineistöä sekä Oulun kaupungin perukirjoja. Yksi tämän artikkelin keskeisimmistä tarkoituksista onkin esittää, millaista uutta tietoa 1700-luvun pukeutumisesta voidaan saada yhdistämällä kaksi erilaista lähderyhmää. Keskitymme tutkimuksessamme erityisesti pieniin, pukeutumiseen liittyviin metalliesineisiin, kuten nappeihin ja solkiin, joita on löytynyt muihin Oulun kaupunkikaivauksiin verrattuna erityisen runsaasti juuri Pikisaaresta

Society for Historical Archaeology, 2019

The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to conside... more The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to consider the value, origin and meaning of textiles especially in child burials. The focus is on the preservation, quality and dyes of burial textiles unearthed at the yard of Oulu Cathedral as well as the clothes of the mummified bodies currently under the floors of northern Finnish churches. The materials consist of textiles of local, Swedish and central European origin. The research methods include visual and microscopic analysis, UHPLC-PDA and SEM-EDX analysis. Textiles of the naturally mummified remains of the children are studied through CT scanning images.

Etnomusikologian vuosikirja, 1970

Journal of Contemporary Archaeology, 2016

In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We... more In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We had two aims: first, to investigate what material culture tells about how people experience the place where a rock festival is held and second, to popularize archaeology. Our methods included test pits, mapping garbage with RTK-GPS and interviews. This article addresses the questions of transience, temporality and place attachment as witnessed by archaeological finds from a festival. Our results emphasize both the long- and short-term changes in the function of this place. In addition, the material culture reveals traces of people’s behaviour that were too mundane to be remembered. It also shows that the places which people choose for their actions are not always those selected by the organizers. Archaeological research at a rock festival was an important arena for meeting people who otherwise might never have come across archaeologists.

Journal of Material Culture, 2014

This article discusses street mirrors or ‘gossip mirrors’, in terms of urban social relations and... more This article discusses street mirrors or ‘gossip mirrors’, in terms of urban social relations and surveillance. Street mirrors were introduced to coastal towns in Sweden and Finland in the 18th and early 19th centuries and may still be found in well-preserved towns with historic wooden centres. The authors argue that the introduction of monitoring and spying devices, such as street mirrors, occurred in the 18th century due to increased urban populations and feelings of insecurity caused by greater regional and transnational mobility. Mirrors, in this sense, were one material mechanism in the process of modernization and the development of individuality.

At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and ... more At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and its yard. As a result more than 300 17thand 18th-century burials were discovered. Many of the deceased were buried in a silk or wool funeral clothes made specifi cally for the burial. The burial customs varied, however, as some of the deceased were buried in their everyday clothes. The best example of this is a man found wearing a plant-fi bre shirt, socks and breeches. Attached to a woolen belt around his hips were a knife and a tinderbox. The clothes have features indicating higher social rank in respect to the other burials: a silk collar in the shirt and copper mixture metal buckles on the knee-level leather straps and on the belt. This article examines the textiles and the buckles of the attire and analyses the social identity of a man in a small northern Swedish town.

Tekniikan Waiheita

Vanhat teollisuusympäristöt ovat viime vuosina saaneet osakseen huomiota, kun niitä on purettu, m... more Vanhat teollisuusympäristöt ovat viime vuosina saaneet osakseen huomiota, kun niitä on purettu, muutettu asuinalueiksi ja virkistyskäyttöön mutta myös käytetty sellaisenaan esimerkiksi urbaanin löytöretkeilyn ja taiteellisten projektien näyttämöinä. Artikkelissamme käsittelemme teollisuuskohteeseen liittyviä paikan muuttuvia merkityksiä käyttäen esimerkkinä Varjakan saha-aluetta Oulunsalossa. Muun muassa materiaalista kulttuuria, historiallisia lähteitä ja muistitietoaineistoa hyödyntäen pystymme tarkastelemaan Varjakan elinkaarta tehtaiden toiminnan ajalta aina nykypäivään ja tulevaan käyttöön asti. Aineistomme pohjaa Varjakassa tehtyihin koekaivauksiin, kartoitukseen, muistitiedon keruuseen sekä Varjakan materiaalin arkistotutkimukseen. Artikkelissamme nostamme esiin kysymyksiä sahaympäristöjen ja -yhteisöjen rakennettujen tilojen tulevaisuudesta sekä suojeltuina tiloina, erilaisten toimintojen näyttämöinä, paikallisten identiteetin osana että arkeologisina kohteina. Varjakan saha...

Historical Archaeology, 2015

At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and ... more At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and its yard. As a result more than 300 17th-and 18th-century burials were discovered. Many of the deceased were buried in a silk or wool funeral clothes made specifi cally for the burial. The burial customs varied, however, as some of the deceased were buried in their everyday clothes. The best example of this is a man found wearing a plant-fi bre shirt, socks and breeches. Attached to a woolen belt around his hips were a knife and a tinderbox. The clothes have features indicating higher social rank in respect to the other burials: a silk collar in the shirt and copper mixture metal buckles on the knee-level leather straps and on the belt. This article examines the textiles and the buckles of the attire and analyses the social identity of a man in a small northern Swedish town.

Kaleva, 2020

Yläkerta-artikkeli sanomalehti Kalevassa 5.7.2020, s. 30.

Interarchaeologia 4

This paper discusses small personal items, buttons, buckles, and pins as a part of gender perform... more This paper discusses small personal items, buttons, buckles, and pins as a part of gender performance
in early modern Oulu. The appearance of a costume is full of meanings; individuals and
groups communicate via clothes and personal adornments. One of the divisions of identity, which
we can examine through material remains, is gender. Our aim is to examine how costume both
represents and produces gender identity. Our theoretical baseline is Judith Butler’s performance
theory, where she argues that gender is a performatively constructed act. We will discuss how it
is possible to study this act via archaeological material, concentrating on interpretation. The archaeological
material examined here has been discovered from urban excavations at the NMKY
plot in Oulu, northern Finland. It comprises 19 buttons, 5 buckles, and 22 pins mainly from the
seventeenth century. While the early modern period can be defined in many ways, here it covers
the early years of Oulu town, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The main focus is not to
present completed results, but to show the multiple possibilities of interpretation and the various
connections between gender identity and clothing.

In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We... more In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We had two aims: first, to investigate what material culture tells about how people experience the place where a rock festival is held and second, to popularize archaeology. Our methods included test pits, mapping garbage with RTK-GPS and interviews. This article addresses the questions of transience, temporality and place attachment as witnessed by archaeological finds from a festival. Our results emphasize both the long- and short-term changes in the function of this place. In addition, the material culture reveals traces of people’s behaviour that were too mundane to be remembered. It also shows that the places which people choose for their actions are not always those selected by the organizers. Archaeological research at a rock festival was an important arena for meeting people who otherwise might never have come across archaeologists.

This material culture study focuses on the residents of Oulu via small clothing-related items (bu... more This material culture study focuses on the residents of Oulu via small clothing-related items (buttons, buckles, pins). The source material is comprised of not only excavation material, but also of the probate inventories of the townsfolk. Gender archaeology, previously unused in Finnish urban archaeology, is used as the theoretical framework. This study discusses early modern clothing from the perspective of identity with particular emphasis on gender and class; why did townsfolk dress as they did in the 18 th century Oulu?

Post-medieval Archaeology, Jan 12, 2023

A Guide to Studying the History of Childhood: Multidisciplinary Perspectives and Methods This edi... more A Guide to Studying the History of Childhood: Multidisciplinary Perspectives and Methods This edited volume is a handbook of research methodologies for the history of childhood. The history of childhood is a vibrant, multidisciplinary field that incorporates a rich variety of methodological approaches developed in disciplines across the social sciences and humanities, including archaeology, education, ethnology, literature, and history. The volume presents a collection of chapters that engage a range of different research traditions and employ different research material, conceptual tools, and methods of analysis for the historical study of childhood. In doing so, the volume attends to issues specific to the study of children and childhood, such as those related to research ethics and the theoretical complexities of defining ‘the child’ and ‘childhood’. While the central focus is on the history of childhood in Finland, the volume also includes international and transnational cases, ...

Esinetutkimusverkosto Artefacta, Feb 2, 2015

Varhaismodernissa Ruotsissa kansalaisten pukeutumista ohjattiin ylellisyysasetuksilla, jotka oliv... more Varhaismodernissa Ruotsissa kansalaisten pukeutumista ohjattiin ylellisyysasetuksilla, jotka olivat tiukimmillaan 1700-luvulla. Jokaisen tuli pukeutua säätynsä mukaisesti, ylempiään kunnioittaen. Pukujen kankaat ja mallit olivat tiukan kontrollin alaisia, minkä vuoksi asusteiden merkitys koristautumisessa kohosi aiempaa tärkeämmäksi. Tutkimme tässä artikkelissa, kuinka ylellisyysasetukset ja tuontikiellot vaikuttivat ihmisten pukeutumiseen varhaismodernissa Oulussa. Lähteinä käytämme Oulun Pikisaaren arkeologisten kaivausten esineistöä sekä Oulun kaupungin perukirjoja. Yksi tämän artikkelin keskeisimmistä tarkoituksista onkin esittää, millaista uutta tietoa 1700-luvun pukeutumisesta voidaan saada yhdistämällä kaksi erilaista lähderyhmää. Keskitymme tutkimuksessamme erityisesti pieniin, pukeutumiseen liittyviin metalliesineisiin, kuten nappeihin ja solkiin, joita on löytynyt muihin Oulun kaupunkikaivauksiin verrattuna erityisen runsaasti juuri Pikisaaresta

Society for Historical Archaeology, 2019

The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to conside... more The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to consider the value, origin and meaning of textiles especially in child burials. The focus is on the preservation, quality and dyes of burial textiles unearthed at the yard of Oulu Cathedral as well as the clothes of the mummified bodies currently under the floors of northern Finnish churches. The materials consist of textiles of local, Swedish and central European origin. The research methods include visual and microscopic analysis, UHPLC-PDA and SEM-EDX analysis. Textiles of the naturally mummified remains of the children are studied through CT scanning images.

Etnomusikologian vuosikirja, 1970

Journal of Contemporary Archaeology, 2016

In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We... more In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We had two aims: first, to investigate what material culture tells about how people experience the place where a rock festival is held and second, to popularize archaeology. Our methods included test pits, mapping garbage with RTK-GPS and interviews. This article addresses the questions of transience, temporality and place attachment as witnessed by archaeological finds from a festival. Our results emphasize both the long- and short-term changes in the function of this place. In addition, the material culture reveals traces of people’s behaviour that were too mundane to be remembered. It also shows that the places which people choose for their actions are not always those selected by the organizers. Archaeological research at a rock festival was an important arena for meeting people who otherwise might never have come across archaeologists.

Journal of Material Culture, 2014

This article discusses street mirrors or ‘gossip mirrors’, in terms of urban social relations and... more This article discusses street mirrors or ‘gossip mirrors’, in terms of urban social relations and surveillance. Street mirrors were introduced to coastal towns in Sweden and Finland in the 18th and early 19th centuries and may still be found in well-preserved towns with historic wooden centres. The authors argue that the introduction of monitoring and spying devices, such as street mirrors, occurred in the 18th century due to increased urban populations and feelings of insecurity caused by greater regional and transnational mobility. Mirrors, in this sense, were one material mechanism in the process of modernization and the development of individuality.

At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and ... more At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and its yard. As a result more than 300 17thand 18th-century burials were discovered. Many of the deceased were buried in a silk or wool funeral clothes made specifi cally for the burial. The burial customs varied, however, as some of the deceased were buried in their everyday clothes. The best example of this is a man found wearing a plant-fi bre shirt, socks and breeches. Attached to a woolen belt around his hips were a knife and a tinderbox. The clothes have features indicating higher social rank in respect to the other burials: a silk collar in the shirt and copper mixture metal buckles on the knee-level leather straps and on the belt. This article examines the textiles and the buckles of the attire and analyses the social identity of a man in a small northern Swedish town.

Tekniikan Waiheita

Vanhat teollisuusympäristöt ovat viime vuosina saaneet osakseen huomiota, kun niitä on purettu, m... more Vanhat teollisuusympäristöt ovat viime vuosina saaneet osakseen huomiota, kun niitä on purettu, muutettu asuinalueiksi ja virkistyskäyttöön mutta myös käytetty sellaisenaan esimerkiksi urbaanin löytöretkeilyn ja taiteellisten projektien näyttämöinä. Artikkelissamme käsittelemme teollisuuskohteeseen liittyviä paikan muuttuvia merkityksiä käyttäen esimerkkinä Varjakan saha-aluetta Oulunsalossa. Muun muassa materiaalista kulttuuria, historiallisia lähteitä ja muistitietoaineistoa hyödyntäen pystymme tarkastelemaan Varjakan elinkaarta tehtaiden toiminnan ajalta aina nykypäivään ja tulevaan käyttöön asti. Aineistomme pohjaa Varjakassa tehtyihin koekaivauksiin, kartoitukseen, muistitiedon keruuseen sekä Varjakan materiaalin arkistotutkimukseen. Artikkelissamme nostamme esiin kysymyksiä sahaympäristöjen ja -yhteisöjen rakennettujen tilojen tulevaisuudesta sekä suojeltuina tiloina, erilaisten toimintojen näyttämöinä, paikallisten identiteetin osana että arkeologisina kohteina. Varjakan saha...

Historical Archaeology, 2015

At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and ... more At Oulu Cathedral. Finland, excavations have been conducted during renovations of the church and its yard. As a result more than 300 17th-and 18th-century burials were discovered. Many of the deceased were buried in a silk or wool funeral clothes made specifi cally for the burial. The burial customs varied, however, as some of the deceased were buried in their everyday clothes. The best example of this is a man found wearing a plant-fi bre shirt, socks and breeches. Attached to a woolen belt around his hips were a knife and a tinderbox. The clothes have features indicating higher social rank in respect to the other burials: a silk collar in the shirt and copper mixture metal buckles on the knee-level leather straps and on the belt. This article examines the textiles and the buckles of the attire and analyses the social identity of a man in a small northern Swedish town.

Kaleva, 2020

Yläkerta-artikkeli sanomalehti Kalevassa 5.7.2020, s. 30.

Interarchaeologia 4

This paper discusses small personal items, buttons, buckles, and pins as a part of gender perform... more This paper discusses small personal items, buttons, buckles, and pins as a part of gender performance
in early modern Oulu. The appearance of a costume is full of meanings; individuals and
groups communicate via clothes and personal adornments. One of the divisions of identity, which
we can examine through material remains, is gender. Our aim is to examine how costume both
represents and produces gender identity. Our theoretical baseline is Judith Butler’s performance
theory, where she argues that gender is a performatively constructed act. We will discuss how it
is possible to study this act via archaeological material, concentrating on interpretation. The archaeological
material examined here has been discovered from urban excavations at the NMKY
plot in Oulu, northern Finland. It comprises 19 buttons, 5 buckles, and 22 pins mainly from the
seventeenth century. While the early modern period can be defined in many ways, here it covers
the early years of Oulu town, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The main focus is not to
present completed results, but to show the multiple possibilities of interpretation and the various
connections between gender identity and clothing.

In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We... more In 2010, we carried out archaeological fieldwork during a rock festival in Seinäjoki, Finland. We had two aims: first, to investigate what material culture tells about how people experience the place where a rock festival is held and second, to popularize archaeology. Our methods included test pits, mapping garbage with RTK-GPS and interviews. This article addresses the questions of transience, temporality and place attachment as witnessed by archaeological finds from a festival. Our results emphasize both the long- and short-term changes in the function of this place. In addition, the material culture reveals traces of people’s behaviour that were too mundane to be remembered. It also shows that the places which people choose for their actions are not always those selected by the organizers. Archaeological research at a rock festival was an important arena for meeting people who otherwise might never have come across archaeologists.

This material culture study focuses on the residents of Oulu via small clothing-related items (bu... more This material culture study focuses on the residents of Oulu via small clothing-related items (buttons, buckles, pins). The source material is comprised of not only excavation material, but also of the probate inventories of the townsfolk. Gender archaeology, previously unused in Finnish urban archaeology, is used as the theoretical framework. This study discusses early modern clothing from the perspective of identity with particular emphasis on gender and class; why did townsfolk dress as they did in the 18 th century Oulu?

Arkeologipäivät 2020, 2020

Varhaismodernissakin yhteisössä lapset ja nuoret muodostivat merkittävän osan väestöstä, mutta he... more Varhaismodernissakin yhteisössä lapset ja nuoret muodostivat merkittävän osan väestöstä, mutta heitä on haastavaa tavoittaa kirjallisesta materiaalista, koska se on pääasiallisesti aikuisten tuottamaa.
Samoin naiset ovat miehiä haastavampia tavoittaa kirjallisista lähteistä. Tämä esitys käsittelee perukirjoja lapsuuden arkeologian lähteenä. Esimerkkiaineistona käytetään 1790-luvulla Oulussa
tehtyjä alle 30-vuotiaiden naisten perukirjoja, joita on kuusi kappaletta. Niin sukupuoli kuin lapsuus ja nuoruuskin ovat biologisen elementtinsä lisäksi sekä sosiaalisesti että kulttuurisesti rakentuvia
identiteetin osia. Ne ovat myös historiallisesti muuttuvia; mitä juuri nämä perukirjat kertovat nuorista naisista varhaismodernissa Oulussa?

Presented in New Research in Dress History Conference 7.-13.6.21. (online) The Association of Dress History. (online conference), 2021

According to previous studies, from the 18th century Finnish probate inventories, it is possible ... more According to previous studies, from the 18th century Finnish probate inventories, it is possible to study for example clothing, because clothes were valuable property and therefore documented precisely. We know also, that if we study all women, from all age groups, we can use probate
inventories as a source material to study textile handiwork women practiced at home. But, can we do this, if we focus to the youngest women to whom the probate inventories were done? The focus of this presentation are the probate inventories as a source material, in studying domestic textile handiwork of young women. In addition, this paper discusses clothing documented to the studied inventories.

Nordic Labour History Conference, hybrid conference, Copenhagen, 26. - 30.1.2022., 2022

In numbers, most or the workers at Varjakka sawmill (Oulunsalo, Finland) were men. When studying ... more In numbers, most or the workers at Varjakka sawmill (Oulunsalo, Finland) were men. When studying work in Varjakka, they also are the group of people, which is most presented in research literature. Despite of this, also many women, children and adolescents worked there. In this case study the focus is on children, especially girls. What kind of work they at sawmill conducted and in what kind of physical environment? This presentation is based on an article manuscript (original in Finnish) Tiina Kuokkanen and Noora Hemminki: “Varjakka sawmill as work environment of children and adolescents”.

Paper presented in Post-Medieval Archaeology Congress 2017.

Paper presented at the Oulu-opisto 14.1.2015.

Paper presented at the 5th Pasold research fund conference "Innovation before the Modern – Cloth ... more Paper presented at the 5th Pasold research fund conference "Innovation before the Modern – Cloth and Clothing in the Early Modern World" held 27–29th of September 2012 at the University of Stockholm.

Paper presented at the PREMODS network meeting held 25-26th of September 2014 at the University o... more Paper presented at the PREMODS network meeting held 25-26th of September 2014 at the University of Uppsala.