Dr. Murugan Subramaniam | Open University Malaysia (original) (raw)
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Papers by Dr. Murugan Subramaniam
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 1, 2022
Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and pr... more Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and practices at all the primary schools in LMS district, Perak, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9% responsed) out of 111 schools in LMS district. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ask about the safety knowledge, practices and implementation in the school. Results: The data analysis shows that overall occupational safety programmes and implementation are considered shallow. Safety coordinators knowledge on occupational safety legislation (75.5%) were poor due to less courses attended (80.4%). Even though safety programmes only focus on fire safety drill but majority of the respondent did not know how to use the fire extinguisher (62.7%). Many schools did not have fire exit signage (86.4%). Besides that, 76.5% of schools did not have qualified first aider. Almost half of the schools did not have any personnel protective equipment for pupil's usage. Conclusion: As a conclusion, implementation and practices of occupational safety in all the primary schools are still lacking and need to be improved.
In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents ... more In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents which caused injuries and death. Majority of incidents happen due to poor safety signage at the particular area where the hazards present. Current school guidelines did not specify any details on type of safety sign boards that should be in schools. So, the objective of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate the knowledge on safety signage on intervention and control group among the primary schools pupils in Perak state, Malaysia. The new design of safety signs will be intervene to reduce the unsafe act by school pupils and also to reduce the risk from unsafecondition. A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9%) out of 111 schools in LMS district. The safety signage was designed according to MS2558:2014 standard. All the signages was added pictures and texts according to identified hazards from selected school. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ...
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2019
In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents ... more In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents which caused injuries and death. Majority of incidents happen due to poor safety signage at the particular area where the hazards present.. Current school guidelines did not specify any details on type of safety sign boards that should be in schools. So, the objective of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate the knowledge on safety signage on intervention and control group among the primary schools pupils in Perak state, Malaysia. The new design of safety signs will be intervene to reduce the unsafe act by school pupils and also to reduce the risk from unsafe condition. A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9%) out of 111 schools in LMS district. The safety signage was designed according to MS2558:2014 standard. All the signageswas added pictures and texts according to identified hazards from selected school. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ask about the safety signage and risks. Intervention on new safety signs showed significant different between pretest, post-test 1 and post-test 2 (p<0.001). The pre-test, post-test 1 and post-test 2 result showed significant results and pupils were able to sustain the meaning of safety signage after three months' time. The new design of safety signage able to promote safety among primary schools pupils. Index terms-hazards, risks, safety signage. I.
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2022
Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and pr... more Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and practices at all the primary schools in LMS district, Perak, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9% responsed) out of 111 schools in LMS district. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ask about the safety knowledge, practices and implementation in the school. Results: The data analysis shows that overall occupational safety programmes and implementation are considered shallow. Safety coordinators knowledge on occupational safety legislation (75.5%) were poor due to less courses attended (80.4%). Even though safety programmes only focus on fire safety drill but majority of the respondent did not know how to use the fire extinguisher (62.7%). Many schools did not have fire exit signage (86.4%). Besides that, 76.5% of schools did not have qualified first aider. Almost half of the schools did not have any personnel protective equipment for pupil's usage. Conclusion: As a conclusion, implementation and practices of occupational safety in all the primary schools are still lacking and need to be improved.
MAEH Journal of Environmental Health (Short Communication), 2021
The delivery of environmental health in Malaysia is still in the maturity progress. The collabora... more The delivery of environmental health in Malaysia is still in the maturity progress. The collaboration between stakeholders such as the government and the private sector is growing steadily. Through the process of maturing environmental health deliveries, some barriers need to be looked into. Some of the barriers such as information and communication, effective education, and solving methods among stakeholders can be solved if all agencies from the federal until the local council level work together strategically. In order to move forward in providing a comprehensive environmental health delivery, there are a few strategic ways to overcome the barriers such as enabling information and technology sharing among the stakeholders, producing quality decision-making processes that involved stakeholders active engagement, and participation in structured stakeholders' in operational guideline production that also involved not just government but also from private sectors. Lastly, for barriers to be broken, it just needs a few good strategies, cooperation, and determination. Over time, by having mutual understanding and overcoming the differences, one day Malaysia will succeed in providing a matured and comprehensive delivery of environmental health towards the community better than any developed country. Strategic collaboration within the Malaysian environmental health service can be executed as seen in the country's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic had forced the Ministry of Health to work together with various agencies within the government at both federal and state-level in an effective and efficient manner to curb the spread of the virus. The collaboration was proven to be a success story as Malaysia had become one of the countries that successfully managed to contain the virus, even better than developed countries such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Brazil. Malaysia has succeeded to handle COVID-19 and recognized as one of the leading countries in handling COVID-19 cases. If similar principles of collaboration during the handling of the COVID-19 virus being applied towards the environmental health service, Malaysia can stand tall amongst the countries that have environmental health services in an effective manner. (Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): MAEH Journal of Environmental Health (MJEH) - Short Communication: The Delivery of Environmental Health Services in Malaysia (March 2020)
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 1, 2022
Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and pr... more Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and practices at all the primary schools in LMS district, Perak, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9% responsed) out of 111 schools in LMS district. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ask about the safety knowledge, practices and implementation in the school. Results: The data analysis shows that overall occupational safety programmes and implementation are considered shallow. Safety coordinators knowledge on occupational safety legislation (75.5%) were poor due to less courses attended (80.4%). Even though safety programmes only focus on fire safety drill but majority of the respondent did not know how to use the fire extinguisher (62.7%). Many schools did not have fire exit signage (86.4%). Besides that, 76.5% of schools did not have qualified first aider. Almost half of the schools did not have any personnel protective equipment for pupil's usage. Conclusion: As a conclusion, implementation and practices of occupational safety in all the primary schools are still lacking and need to be improved.
In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents ... more In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents which caused injuries and death. Majority of incidents happen due to poor safety signage at the particular area where the hazards present. Current school guidelines did not specify any details on type of safety sign boards that should be in schools. So, the objective of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate the knowledge on safety signage on intervention and control group among the primary schools pupils in Perak state, Malaysia. The new design of safety signs will be intervene to reduce the unsafe act by school pupils and also to reduce the risk from unsafecondition. A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9%) out of 111 schools in LMS district. The safety signage was designed according to MS2558:2014 standard. All the signages was added pictures and texts according to identified hazards from selected school. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ...
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2019
In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents ... more In Malaysia, there are number of incidents highlighted by the media on school children incidents which caused injuries and death. Majority of incidents happen due to poor safety signage at the particular area where the hazards present.. Current school guidelines did not specify any details on type of safety sign boards that should be in schools. So, the objective of this study is to develop, implement and evaluate the knowledge on safety signage on intervention and control group among the primary schools pupils in Perak state, Malaysia. The new design of safety signs will be intervene to reduce the unsafe act by school pupils and also to reduce the risk from unsafe condition. A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9%) out of 111 schools in LMS district. The safety signage was designed according to MS2558:2014 standard. All the signageswas added pictures and texts according to identified hazards from selected school. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ask about the safety signage and risks. Intervention on new safety signs showed significant different between pretest, post-test 1 and post-test 2 (p<0.001). The pre-test, post-test 1 and post-test 2 result showed significant results and pupils were able to sustain the meaning of safety signage after three months' time. The new design of safety signage able to promote safety among primary schools pupils. Index terms-hazards, risks, safety signage. I.
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2022
Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and pr... more Background: This study was carried out to assess the implementation of occupational safety and practices at all the primary schools in LMS district, Perak, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried at 102 schools (91.9% responsed) out of 111 schools in LMS district. A self-administered questionnaires form was used to ask about the safety knowledge, practices and implementation in the school. Results: The data analysis shows that overall occupational safety programmes and implementation are considered shallow. Safety coordinators knowledge on occupational safety legislation (75.5%) were poor due to less courses attended (80.4%). Even though safety programmes only focus on fire safety drill but majority of the respondent did not know how to use the fire extinguisher (62.7%). Many schools did not have fire exit signage (86.4%). Besides that, 76.5% of schools did not have qualified first aider. Almost half of the schools did not have any personnel protective equipment for pupil's usage. Conclusion: As a conclusion, implementation and practices of occupational safety in all the primary schools are still lacking and need to be improved.
MAEH Journal of Environmental Health (Short Communication), 2021
The delivery of environmental health in Malaysia is still in the maturity progress. The collabora... more The delivery of environmental health in Malaysia is still in the maturity progress. The collaboration between stakeholders such as the government and the private sector is growing steadily. Through the process of maturing environmental health deliveries, some barriers need to be looked into. Some of the barriers such as information and communication, effective education, and solving methods among stakeholders can be solved if all agencies from the federal until the local council level work together strategically. In order to move forward in providing a comprehensive environmental health delivery, there are a few strategic ways to overcome the barriers such as enabling information and technology sharing among the stakeholders, producing quality decision-making processes that involved stakeholders active engagement, and participation in structured stakeholders' in operational guideline production that also involved not just government but also from private sectors. Lastly, for barriers to be broken, it just needs a few good strategies, cooperation, and determination. Over time, by having mutual understanding and overcoming the differences, one day Malaysia will succeed in providing a matured and comprehensive delivery of environmental health towards the community better than any developed country. Strategic collaboration within the Malaysian environmental health service can be executed as seen in the country's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic had forced the Ministry of Health to work together with various agencies within the government at both federal and state-level in an effective and efficient manner to curb the spread of the virus. The collaboration was proven to be a success story as Malaysia had become one of the countries that successfully managed to contain the virus, even better than developed countries such as the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Brazil. Malaysia has succeeded to handle COVID-19 and recognized as one of the leading countries in handling COVID-19 cases. If similar principles of collaboration during the handling of the COVID-19 virus being applied towards the environmental health service, Malaysia can stand tall amongst the countries that have environmental health services in an effective manner. (Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): MAEH Journal of Environmental Health (MJEH) - Short Communication: The Delivery of Environmental Health Services in Malaysia (March 2020)