Bijay Singh | Punjab Agricultural University (original) (raw)

Papers by Bijay Singh

Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 2006

Recent trends of a decline or stagnation in the yield of rice and wheat in rice-wheat (RW) system... more Recent trends of a decline or stagnation in the yield of rice and wheat in rice-wheat (RW) systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) have raised serious concerns about the regional food security. The effect of future climate change on crop production adds to this complex problem. The validated CSM-CERES-Rice and CSM-CERES-Wheat (Ver. 4.0) data were used to test the sensitivity of the models in Punjab, India. The models were sensitive to climatic parameters (temperature, CO2 concentration, solar radiation and rainfall) on yields of both crops. Simulated rice yields were sensitive to weather as there was 13% less yield of rice in 1999 than in 2001. Similarly, simulated wheat yields were also sensitive to weather, with the highest yield in 2001, and the lowest in 2003. Increments in both maximum and minimum temperatures by 4°C, decreased rice yield by 34% and wheat yield by 4% as compared to base scenario with current weather data. By increasing 4°C for both maximum and minimum tempera...

Page 1. Simulation of rice crop performance and water and N dynamics, and methane emissions for r... more Page 1. Simulation of rice crop performance and water and N dynamics, and methane emissions for rice in northwest India using CERES Rice model H. Pathak1, J. Timsina2, E. Humphreys2, DC Godwin2, Bijay-Singh3, AK Shukla4, U. Singh5, and RB Matthews6 ...

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2011

Blanket fertilizer nitrogen (N) recommendations for large irrigated wheat tracts lead to low N-us... more Blanket fertilizer nitrogen (N) recommendations for large irrigated wheat tracts lead to low N-use efficiency due to field-to-field variability in soil N supply and seasonal variability in yield. To achieve high N use efficiency, a sitespecific N management strategy using GreenSeeker™ optical sensor was evaluated. We conducted seven field experiments during 2004-2006 at three locations to define relationships between in-season sensor measurements and yield of wheat and to know whether response of wheat to fertilizer N can be estimated by sensor measurements. During 2005-2007, four field experiments were conducted to assess the sensor-based N management strategy and to work out prescriptive N management to be followed prior to applying sensorguided fertilizer dose. We observed robust relationships between in-season sensor-based estimates of yield at Feekes 5-6 and 7-8 stages and actual wheat yields. Response of wheat to fertilizer N defined by the sensor was highly correlated with harvest response index. Sensor-guided fertilizer N applications resulted in high yield levels and high N-use efficiency. Application of 90 kg N ha-1 at planting or in two equal doses at planting and crown root initiation stage was the appropriate prescriptive fertilizer N management. This study reveals that high N-use efficiency in irrigated wheat can be achieved by replacing blanket fertilizer recommendation by an optical sensor-based N management strategy consisting of applying moderate amount of fertilizer N at planting and crown root initiation stages and sensor-guided fertilizer N dose at Feekes 5-6 or 7-8 stages of wheat.

Soil is fundamental to life on Earth. Fertilizers are the main factor responsible for providing a... more Soil is fundamental to life on Earth. Fertilizers are the main factor responsible for providing adequate food for the world’s current population of over 7 billion people; fertilizers will be even more important in sustaining the over 9 billion people projected for 2050. While the primary impact of mineral fertilizers is on crop yields, they also have an indirect effect on the soil in terms of quality or health or its capacity function for the betterment of mankind. Many factors contribute to soil quality or health. Favorable physical factors such as texture are an important component of quality but texture is largely unchangeable. The key factor in quality is the SOM fraction, which although relatively small, has a strong influence on the overall wellbeing of the soil and its beneficial functions. Soil organic matter controls soil microbial populations and their many functions in soil such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. Fertilizer use can have positive or negative effects on soil health. Depending on the tillage system used, regular additions of N fertilizer can enhance SOM levels. Organic matter can help increase soil aggregate stability and thus contribute to resistance to erosion and soil degradation. While the natural transformations of N fertilizers in soil can induce acidity, and thus lower soil pH, with negative impact on crop growth, the extent of this effect depends on the amount and form of N used and the type of soil; calcareous soils are resilient or buffered against such effects. The negative effects of fertilizer on soil microbial populations depend on the N source and method of application, but negative effects are localized and shortlived. Long-term use of fertilizers leads to increases in soil microbial biomass. The extent to which mineral fertilizers can contribute to economic and efficient crop production, and concomitantly benefit the soil in terms of quality or health, is dictated by the adoption of best management practices. These principles call for the integrated use of organic manures with mineral fertilizers whenever possible. As with many other areas of science, there needs to be a more concerted effort to educate the public at large on the synergy between fertilizers in relation to crop yields and quality or health of the soil. Soil and agronomic research has clearly shown that that sustainable agricultural intensification and a healthy environment are compatible goals.

Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 2018

Agriculture and Environment, 1978

... The Netherlands A RATIONAL APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZING APPLICATION RATES OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN T... more ... The Netherlands A RATIONAL APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZING APPLICATION RATES OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN TO REDUCE POTENTIAL NITRATE POLLUTION OF NATURAL WATERSBIJAY SINGH, CR ... Olsen, RJ, Hensler, RF, Attoe, OJ, Witzel, SA and Peterson, LA, 1970. ...

Journal of environmental sciences (China), 2003

Nitrification acts as a key process in determining fertilizer use efficiency by crops as well as ... more Nitrification acts as a key process in determining fertilizer use efficiency by crops as well as nitrogen losses from soils. Metal dithiocarbamates in addition to their pesticidal properties can also inhibit biological oxidation of ammonium(nitrification) in soil. Metal [M = V(III), Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II)] diethyldithiocarbamates (DEDTC) were synthesized by the reaction of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with metal chloride in dichloromethane/water mixture. These metal diethyldithiocarbamates were screened for their ability to inhibit nitrification at different concentrations( 10 microg/g soil, 50 microg/g soil and 100 microg/g soil). With increasing concentration of the complex, capacity to retard nitrification increased but the extent of increase varied for different metals. At 100 microg/g soil, different complexes showed nitrification inhibition from 22.36% to 46.45% . Among the diethyldithiocarbamates tested, Zn(DEDTC)2 proved to be the most e...

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1989

ABSTRACT

Environmental Pollution, 1996

Journal of the Indian …, 1984

... Titles, Relative efficiency of new urea based nitrogen fertilizers for rice grown in a light ... more ... Titles, Relative efficiency of new urea based nitrogen fertilizers for rice grown in a light textured soil. Personal Authors, Rana, DS,Singh, B.,Kapur, ML,Bhandari, AL (Punjab Agricultural Univ., Ludhiana (India). Dept. of Soils). ... ICAR (India). Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan, Pusa Road. ...

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2009

Salt-affected soils in arid and semi-arid tracts of the Indian Punjab are prone to deficiency of ... more Salt-affected soils in arid and semi-arid tracts of the Indian Punjab are prone to deficiency of micronutrients. Nine profiles from alluvial terraces, sand dunes and palaeochannels in the southwestern Punjab were investigated for total and diethylenetriamine-penta-acetic acid (DTPA) extractable Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe. Soil physiography exerted significant influence on the spatial distribution of micronutrients. Total contents varied from 20–78

Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2004

containing about 1.90 million Mg of nutrients, are available in the IGP of India (Sarkar et al., ... more containing about 1.90 million Mg of nutrients, are available in the IGP of India (Sarkar et al., 1999). In the Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2000

nures and composts are in limited supply and may have low and variable nutrient contents. The mor... more nures and composts are in limited supply and may have low and variable nutrient contents. The more readily Integrating fertilizer N (FN) with legume green manures (GM) available green manures constitute a valuable source of can foster sustainable and environmentally sound agricultural systems both N and organic matter (Buresh and De Datta, 1991; in subtropical, semiarid soils low in organic matter. A 4-yr replicated field experiment with irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.

Fertilizer Research, 1988

Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

Agricultural Research, 2016