T Silambarasan | Periyar University, Salem, India (original) (raw)

Papers by T Silambarasan

Journal of Molecular Structure, 2022

Applied Biological Research, 2022

Applied Water Science, 2021

Recently, mass production of lipid along with heavy metal reduction is gaining momentum due to th... more Recently, mass production of lipid along with heavy metal reduction is gaining momentum due to their cost-effective and greener approach towards waste water treatment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the small scale photo bioreactor treatment of tannery effluent using Chlorella sp. isolated form Yercaud lake, Tamil Nadu, India. The results showed a significant decrease in the heavy metals content in the tannery effluent after the treatment. Maximum reduction of the heavy metal Chromium (Cr) of 10.92 mg L−1 was recorded, followed by Cobalt (Co)-7.37 mg L−1, Nickel (Ni)-9.15 mg L−1, Cadmium (Cd)-8.48 mg L−1, Lead (Pb)-12.54 mg L−1, Zinc (Zn)-11.56 mg L−1 and Copper (Cu)-10.71 mg L−1 at the end of the 20th day of treatment. The microalgae, Chlorella sp. was analyzed for their biosorption ability and the maximum biosorption capacity (qmax) rate against heavy metals was 81.36, 70.53, 82.15, 63.29, 58.92, 83.43, 64.83 µg L−1 for Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd, Co, Zn, and Cu respectively. It ...

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018

Biosynthesis, molecular modeling and statistical optimization of xylanase from a mangrove associa... more Biosynthesis, molecular modeling and statistical optimization of xylanase from a mangrove associated actinobacterium Streptomyces variabilis (MAB3) using Box-Behnken design with its bioconversion efficacy

Smart Science, 2018

The present study pertains to the silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesis from cell free supernat... more The present study pertains to the silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesis from cell free supernatant of freshwater microalga, Neochloris aquatica RDS02 (KJ700475.1). The synthesized Ag NPs was confirmed with the characteristic features viz., UV-vis Spec: the surface plasmon resonance at 420 nm; XRD: the h k l values with 4 prominent peaks and the average size of NPs (~20 nm); FTIR: functional group involved in bio-reduction; HRTEM: well distributed spherical morphology with size ranged from 15 to 20 nm. The microalga (N. aquatica) mediated Ag NPs possesses enhanced antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. The anti-proliferative activity on HeLa cell line by MTT and the antiviral activity on Herpes simplex viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) by plaque assays were evaluated using Ag NPs. The Ag NPs caused morphological changes, cytoplasmic content leakage, and membrane permeabilization in a dosedependent manner. The IC 50 values (μg mL −1) of Ag NPs were found to be 39.5 for HeLa and 100 for HEp2 viral cells. Hence, the Ag NPs would be considered as a promising biological agent and emerge as an alternative for drug development to combat the problem over the existing pharmaceuticals.

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, 2018

Increased urbanization and increase in population has led to an increased demand for fuels. The r... more Increased urbanization and increase in population has led to an increased demand for fuels. The result is the prices of fuels are reaching new heights every day. Using low-cost feedstocks such as rendered animal fats in biodiesel production will reduce biodiesel expenditures. One of the low-cost feedstocks for biodiesel production from poultry feathers. This paper describes a new and environmentally friendly process for developing biodiesel production technology from feather waste produced in poultry industry. Transesterification is one of the wellknown processes by which fats and oils are converted into biodiesel. The reaction often makes use of acid/base catalyst. If the material possesses high free fatty acid then acid catalyst gives better results. The data resulted from gas chromatography (GC) revealed these percentages for fatty acid compositions: myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. The biodiesel function group was analyzed by using FTIR. This study concluded that the rooster feathers have superior potential to process them into biodiesel than broiler chicken feathers fat because of fatty acid composition values and it has important properties of biodiesel.

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2018

Investigation on characterization and biomedical properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized b... more Investigation on characterization and biomedical properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized by an actinobacterium Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3), Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology,

Biofuels, 2017

In the present investigation, an actinobacterial strain of Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3) was isol... more In the present investigation, an actinobacterial strain of Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3) was isolated from a rhizosphere sediment sample of a mangrove environment, and it was confirmed through 16S rRNA sequencing. The isolated strain saccharified various agro-residues such as vegetable, banana, mango peel, sugarcane bagasse and sugarcane juice, followed by bioethanol production. Among the tested residues, the actinobacterial strain exhibited the maximum percentage of saccharification and bioethanol production in sugarcane juicesubstituted medium at the optimized culture conditions of pH 6, temperature 30 C, innoculum size 2.5% and incubation time 72 h, substituted with 2.5% dextrose and 2.0% urea, respectively, as carbon and nitrogen sources. The concentration of produced bioethanol was estimated through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and it was exhibited as 76% with the retention time of 2.055 min and percentage area of 135694.91mV/sec. In Fourier transmission infrared (FT-IR) analysis, six functional groups (O-H, CO , C=O, C=C,-C=C and C-Br) from the produced bioethanol were denoted between the wavenumber of 3264.27 and 551.35 cm ¡1. Finally, the Gaschromatography-Massspectrphotometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed that the functional group similar to bioethanol was detected in the chromatogram with a retention time of 2.50 as well as 13.87 min. Based on the results, it could be confirmed that the actinobacterial isolate is a potent strain and can also be used to hydrolyze agro-residues and to convert the agro-residues into economically important byproducts like bioethanol.

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2016

The present study was undertaken to evaluate pharmacological activities of secondary metabolite o... more The present study was undertaken to evaluate pharmacological activities of secondary metabolite of Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3) isolated from the sediment sample of a mangrove ecosystem. The isolated strain was screened for its preliminary antagonistic property against various clinical pathogens and its secondary metabolite was extracted by using ethyl acetate. The 30µl concentration of the crude extract of the isolate expressed the maximum zone of inhibition of 27±2.44mm against the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus mutant with the MIC and MBC values of 0.625 and ≤ 5µg/ml concentrations, respectively. Further different concentrations of extract were tested for in-vitro antioxidant, antiinflammatory and in-vivo cytotoxicity studies. It expressed the maximum percentage of in-vitro total antioxidant activity of 87%, DPPH scavenging activity of 62.06%, reducing power effect of 32.51%, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of 47.99 % and nitric oxide activity of 33.20% at 100µg/ml concentration respectively. Further the extract exhibited 96.63% of inhibition of in-vitro antiinflammatory activity, 49.60 % of total hemolytic activity and also has 42.11% of total phenolic content at respective concentration of 500µg/ml. The cytotoxic effect of the crude extract was analyzed by MTT assay on MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines and the cell viabilities were observed as 24.00 and 39.17% at 250µg/ml concentration with the respective IC 50 values of 88.26 and 104.81µg/ml. From the results, it is evident that the ethyl acetate crude extract of S. olivaceus (MSU3) has potent antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and cytotoxic activity and suggested that the isolated strain could be a candidate for the nature resource of pharmaceutical.

Applied Biological Research

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology

International journal of pharma and bio sciences, 2015

A simple and efficient protocol for in vitro shoot and callus induction was established from thre... more A simple and efficient protocol for in vitro shoot and callus induction was established from three different explants of Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. an economically important legume. The explants viz., shoot buds, nodes, internodes were cultured in MS medium supplemented with various concentration and combination of (PGRs) Plant growth regulators 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) (0.5mg/L - 1.5mg/L) and Indole acetic acid (IAA) (0.5mg/L - 1.5mg/L) for shoot induction. The best shoot proliferation was observed at the concentration of 1.0mg/L of BAP and 1.0 mg/L of IAA from only nodal explants of Canavalia gladiata after 4 weeks of culture. Combination of PGRs (BAP and IAA) was found to be more effective for shoot induction of nodal explants of Canavalia gladiata. For callus regeneration the nodal explants of Canavalia gladiata were used and the MS medium was supplemented with various concentration of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0.5mg/L - 3.0mg/L). Highest callus induction was obser...

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2014

Two nickel(II) complexes with formula NiL 1 and NiL 2 (HL 1 = S-allyl-4-methoxybenzylidene hydraz... more Two nickel(II) complexes with formula NiL 1 and NiL 2 (HL 1 = S-allyl-4-methoxybenzylidene hydrazinecarbodithioate, HL 2 = S-allyl-1-napthylidenehydrazinecarbodithioate) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR, UV-vis spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry. The crystal structure of complex 1 has been determined by single crystal Xray diffractometry. Both HL 1 and HL 2 ligands are coordinated to the metal in thiolate form. In complexes, squareplanar geometry of the nickel is coordinated with two bidentate ligand units acting through azomethine nitrogen and thiolato sulfur atoms. To explore the potential medicinal value of the complexes with calf thymus DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied at normal physiological conditions using fluorescence spectral techniques. The DNA binding constant values of the complexes were found in the range from 5.02 × 10 4 , 3.54 × 10 4 , and the binding affinities are in the following order 1 > 2. In addition, nickel complexes 1 and 2 shows better binding propensity to the bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein, giving a K sv value 5.8 × 10 4 , 4.47 × 10 4 respectively. From the oxidative cleavage of the complexes with pBR322 DNA, it is inferred that the effects of cleavage are dose-dependent. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity of the complexes assayed against Vero and HeLa cell lines have shown higher cytotoxic activity with the lower IC 50 values indicating their efficiency in killing cancer cells even at various concentrations.

Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2014

ABSTRACT A serious of new dissymmetric ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes of the type [Ru(CO)(EPh3)... more ABSTRACT A serious of new dissymmetric ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes of the type [Ru(CO)(EPh3)(L1-2)] (1-4), [E = P or As; Ll = N-4-(2-Hydroxy-5-chlorobenzylidene)-2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone thiosemicarbazone; L2 = N-4-(2-Hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde)-2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone thiosemicarbazone] have been synthesized and characterized by several spectroscopic studies. The molecular structure of the ligand Ll and the ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes (2, 4) have been analyzed by single crystal X-ray studies, and found that the ruthenium(II) complexes possess a distorted octahedral geometry. The DNA binding studies such as emissive titration, Ethidium bromide/Methylene blue (EB/MB) displacement assay and viscometry measurements revealed that the ruthenium(II) complexes bound with calf thymus DNA through intercalative mode with relatively high binding constant values. Further, the interactions of the complexes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were also investigated using fluorescence spectroscopic methods, which showed that the new complexes could bind strongly with BSA. The complexes (1-4) were tested for DNA and BSA cleavage activities, and the results showed that the complexes exhibited good cleavage properties. In addition, the newly synthesized ruthenium(II) complexes possess better in vitro cytotoxic activities against various cell lines (MCF-7, Hop62, MDA-MB-435) and AO/EB staining method showed that these complexes induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cell lines.

European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 2018

Currently, majority of the researchers concentrate on algal biomass production with autotrophic c... more Currently, majority of the researchers concentrate on algal biomass production with autotrophic cultivation, however this cultivation strategy induces low biomass yield and it is troublesome to be utilized in large-scale algal biomass production. In contrary to this, heterotrophic algae can accumulate high level lipid production. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the effect of various carbon sources viz., glucose, sucrose, fructose, glycerol, sodium acetate and various nitrogen sources viz., NaNO3, urea, KNO3, NH4NO3, yeast extract, peptone, beef extract on lipid, biomass, total chlorophyll, protein and carbohydrate content in Scenedesmsus dimorphus. Among carbon sources, glucose showed maximum biomass yield (1.98±0.005gL-1) and highest lipid content (32.7±0.01%) followed by fructose, sucrose and glycerol. Similarly, total carbohydrates and protein content was also found to be maximum in glucose 0.275±0.002 mgmL-1 and 0.031±0.001 mgmL-1 respectively. While sodium nitrate supported maximum chlorophyll content (29.00±0.01 µgmL-1). Among various tested nitrogen sources, beef extract showed highest lipid production (30.28±0.05%), biomass yield (1.73±0.02 gL-1) in sodium nitrate and total carbohydrates (0.247±0.008) mgmL-1 in beef extract, followed by yeast extract and peptone. Highest chlorophyll content has been found in urea and maximum protein content in ammonium nitrate.

Biofuels, 2016

ABSTRACT In the optimization of medium for open phototrophic pond cultivation of microalgae, Acut... more ABSTRACT In the optimization of medium for open phototrophic pond cultivation of microalgae, Acutodesmus obliquus RDS01, response surface methodology (RSM) was used and lipid, biomass and biodiesel production were analyzed. The experimental investigation showed that a good achievement and regression coefficient was determined highly (R2 = 0.999) in analysis of variance (ANOVA). The effect of six different macro-elements (NaNO3, KH2PO4, K2HPO4, MgSO4, CaCl2 and NaCl) on growth of Acutodesmus obliquus RDS01 was premeditated in bold basal medium (BBM). The absolute concentration of lipid was 220.07 mg mL−1, biomass 14.49 g L−1 and biodiesel 3.9 mL g−1. The results achieved in phototrophic open pond cultivation using optimized medium were approximately 2 times higher than in the control medium. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of a lipid profile functional group similar to biodiesel and major fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiling viz., tetradecanoic acid (C14:0), hexadecanoic acid (C16:0), octadecanoic acid (C18:0), (Z)-Octadec-9-enoic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3), cis-11-eicosenoic acid (C20:5), 13-cis-docosenoic acid (C22:6) on gas chromatography and mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. A high productivity of lipid, biomass and biodiesel from isolated freshwater microalgae was found.

This investigation was carried out to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from a marine ac... more This investigation was carried out to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from a marine actinobacterium Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3), characterized its physical features and also evaluated its biomedical properties. Initially, AgNPs was produced by reduction of silver nitrate by using the selected actinobacterium under laboratory condition, followed by, the AgNPs was characterized using standard procedures. In FT-IR analysis, the biosynthesized AgNPs showed six major groups (C=C-H, ROH, C=N-OH, C-C, R-NH 2 and RCOOH) in between the wavenumber 455.20 and 3294.42 cm −1 and it expressed strong signal (3 keV) at silver region, which confirmed the formation of elemental silver by the reduction of silver ions with the absorption range of 450 nm. This biosynthesized AgNPs revealed spherical in shape and the particle size of 12.3 nm with the 2θ values of 38.12 -77.41°. The antibacterial property of different concentrations of AgNPs was tested against clinical bacterial strains and it expressed maximum (23.0 mm) growth inhibition against Streptococcus pneumoniae at the highest concentration (30 µl) with the MIC and MBC values of 0.625 and ≤ 2.5 µg/ml respectively. Finally the in-vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of AgNPs were assessed. It expressed the highest (97.53%) percentage inhibition of in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity at 500 µg/ml concentration as well as the maximum invitro total antioxidant activity (60.38%), DPPH activity (58.73%), reducing power effect (52.73%), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (51.03%) and nitric oxide scavenging activity (45.86%) were recorded at 100 µg/ml concentration of AgNPs with the respective IC 50 values of 178.9, 52.31, 74.11 89.89 and 155.5 µg/ml. From the results, it could be considered that the biosynthesized AgNPs of S. olivaceus (MSU3) has biomedical applications with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

The study was aimed to, isolate, screen and characterize the heterotrophic lipid producing bacter... more The study was aimed to, isolate, screen and characterize the heterotrophic lipid producing bacteria from various oil and fat contaminated sites. Additionally, the study was focused to evaluate the influence of some carbon and nitrogen sources on bacterial culture. Place and Duration of Study: The current study was carried out in the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Lab no. 211 (Bioenergy and bioremediation Lab) Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar. Duration of study from August 2014-January 2015. Methodology: Soil samples were collected from Hisar, Sirsa (Haryana) and waste water sludge AJB2T, 3(1): 1-12, 2018; Article no.AJB2T.39260 16.55%, 17.01%. Conclusion: Filamentous bacteria have capacity to accumulate substantial amount of oil. Nile Red and Sudan black staining dye was found to be effective method for prescreening of oleaginous bacteria. Glucose and Ammonium sulphate proved to be suitable carbon and nitrogen source for culturing of Rhodococcus opacus and Gordonia alkanivorans.

The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of using glucose as a sole carbo... more The objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of using glucose as a sole carbon source as well as in combination with glycerol as a complex carbon substrate in BG-11 media, to produce microalgal biomass (gL -1 ), lipid (dcw%) and biochemical components, such as total soluble carbohydrates (mgmL -1 ) and proteins (mgmL -1 ) by Chlorella pyrenoidosa, over a cultivation period of 12 days. The present study revealed that using glucose as sole carbon source at various concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 (gL -1 ), total lipid, total biomass, total protein and total carbohydrates increased. In comparison to control showed increased biomass gL -1 (0.29±0.021 to 0.53±0.012), while Lipid content (DCW %) enhanced from (4.87± 0.021 to 14.09±0.016). But it has no stimulatory effects found on photosynthetic pigment i.e. total chlorophyll (µgmL -1 )