Ramakrishna Devaki | National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (original) (raw)

Papers by Ramakrishna Devaki

Current Research in Neuroscience

EJIFCC, 2013

Despite high ferritin level, HDCKD patients may have functional iron deficiency even after intrav... more Despite high ferritin level, HDCKD patients may have functional iron deficiency even after intravenous iron (iv) therapy. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that lowered serum transferrin level may contribute to functional anemia and erythropoietin hypo responsiveness by the failure to transport accumulated tissue iron to the relevant target tissue. The study subjects were divided into four groups. Group-A: HDCKD Patients receiving iv iron (n=290). Group-B: Patients not initiated on to hemodialysis (NDCKD), and received oral iron (n=38). Group-C: HDCKD patients with erythropoietin hypo responsiveness (n=9). Group-D: Healthy controls (n=36). The group-A, patients were sub-divided into five groups (A-1 to A-5) based on their serum ferritin levels. Serum ferritin and tissue iron levels in group-A and C patients were significantly greater than the group-D(p<0.0001) and group-B patients(p<0.001). Transferrin level of group-A and C showed lowered values and consequentl...

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2016

In recent years, research in this area has concentrated on the interplay between genetic suscepti... more In recent years, research in this area has concentrated on the interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure. 1 RA associated HLA molecules that stem from the HLA-DR4 locus has been considered to be genetic markers for disease evolution. In patients with RA, certain HLA-DR4 subtypes i.e.

Cureus, 2016

Among the various pathogenic determinants shown by microorganisms hemagglutination and hemolysin ... more Among the various pathogenic determinants shown by microorganisms hemagglutination and hemolysin production assume greater significance in terms of laboratory identification. This study evaluated the hemagglutination and hemolytic activity of various bacterial isolates against different blood groups. One hundred and fifty bacterial strains, isolated from clinical specimens like urine, pus, blood, and other body fluids were tested for their hemagglutinating and hemolytic activity against human A, B, AB, and O group red blood cells. Among the 150 isolates 81 were Escherichia coli, 18 were Klebsiella pneumoniae, 19 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10 were Pseudomonas spp, six were Proteus mirabilis, and the rest 16 were Staphylococcus aureus. Nearly 85% of the isolates agglutinated A group cells followed by B and AB group (59.3% and 60.6% respectively). Least number of isolates agglutinated O group cells (38.0%). When the hemolytic activity was tested, out of these 150 isolates 79 (52.6%) hemolyzed A group cells, 61 (40.6%) hemolyzed AB group cells, 46 (30.6%) hemolyzed B group cells, and 57 (38.6%) isolates hemolyzed O group cells. Forty-six percent of the isolates exhibited both hemagglutinating and hemolytic property against A group cells, followed by B and AB group cells (28.6% and 21.3% respectively). Least number of isolates i.e., 32 (21.3%) showed both the properties against O group cells. The isolates showed wide variation in their hemagglutination and hemolytic properties against different combinations of human blood group cells. The study highlights the importance of selection of the type of cells especially when human RBCs are used for studying the hemagglutination and hemolytic activity of bacterial isolates because these two properties are considered as characteristic of pathogenic strains.

American Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011

Carcinoma Cervix is one of the most common cancers in women causing mortality in majority of them... more Carcinoma Cervix is one of the most common cancers in women causing mortality in majority of them. Tumor invasion and metastasis is the commonest cause of death in these patients. Matrix Metalloproteinases [MMPs], are a set of zinc dependent endopeptidases, are responsible for the progression and dissemination of the tumor cells. Many MMPs are expressed in increased proportions in this malignancy and their level of expression correlates with stage and grade of the tumor. Human Papilloma Virus is undoubtedly the etiological factor for this neoplasm. Numerous studies have given the possible mechanisms which relate HPV infection to MMPs expression. In this review we have discussed various MMPs in cervical cancer, their expression patterns with an emphasis on their relation to HPV infection.

Alterations in adrenergic neural transmission have been implicated in various behavioral disorder... more Alterations in adrenergic neural transmission have been implicated in various behavioral disorders, including Depression and Mania. It is postulated that both a and b adrenergic receptor-mediatedsignal transduction is involved in the mechanism of action of various antidepressants. However, the involvement of subtypes of these receptors is not understood. The present study was undertaken to examine the differential effect of specific antidepressants on the density of a1- adrenoceptors in rat brain. Density of a1-adrenoceptors was measured by radioligand binding technique, in cortex and cerebellum of rats treated with Imipramine (IMI), Desipramine (DMI), both TCAs and Floxetine (FLX) a SSRI, for 30 days. The density of cortical a1-adrenoceptors, measured by using [3H] prazosin, was significantly decreased (25%; Po0.001) in DMI treated rats, when compared to control rats, without affecting the affinity of [3H] prazosin. However, in IMI and FLX treated rats the density of cortical a1-ad...

Background: Heterotrimeric G proteins play a pivotal role in post receptor information transducti... more Background: Heterotrimeric G proteins play a pivotal role in post receptor information transduction. These proteins have been implicated in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of depression. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of chronic antidepressants treatment on the Gqα-protein levels in rat brain. Materials & Methods: Density of Gqα/11α-protein levels was measured in cortex and cerebellum of rats treated with amitriptyline (AMI), desipramine (DMI) and fluoxetine (FLX) and imipramine (10 mg/Kg body wt), for 30 days, using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate – Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and western blotting. Results:In cortex, a significant decrease was observed after AMI treatment (28%, p<0.0001), followed by DMI (17%, p<0.0001) and CMI (19%, p<0.0001). In contrast a significant increase was observed after IMI treatment (14%, p<0.001) but there was no change in fluoxetine treatment. In cerebellum, a significant...

Nanotechnology involving manipulation of atoms and molecules at the nanoscale is one of the front... more Nanotechnology involving manipulation of atoms and molecules at the nanoscale is one of the frontier areas of research in modern science. During the last few years, nanotechnology has witnessed breakthroughs in the fields of medicine, environment, therapeutics, drug development and biotechnology. This is due to the unique properties of nanomaterials (e.g. chemical, mechanical, optical, magnetic, and biological) which make them desirable for commercial and medical applications. Considering the theory and practice of using nanoparticles, nanotechnology has a great potential in improving treatment of various disorders and invitro diagnostics. However, there is not much information available on the toxicity of nano particles in relation to human health. Toxic effect of nanomaterials on humans is the primary concern of the health industry. Nanomaterials are able to cross biological membranes and access cells, tissues and organs that larger-sized particles normally cannot. Nanomaterials c...

Background: Congenital anomalies (CAs) are one of the most common causes of disability in develop... more Background: Congenital anomalies (CAs) are one of the most common causes of disability in developed and developing countries. Aims: To determine frequency, pattern of distribution of CAs in still born with a focus on sex ratio. Methods: Maternal history, associated risk factors, socio economic status, sex and type of CAs in babies were recorded. Diagnosis of CAs was based on findings of autopsies conducted. Results: Autopsy was conducted on 102 still born babies, of which 28 were found to have CAs. The occurrence of CAs was more in males than females. The pattern CAs included CNS, Digestive system, urinary system and circulatory system. In CNS group, Anencephaly was the most common malformation followed by Spinabifida. Conclusion: Frequency of CAs were more common in males than females, with CNS anomalies being the most common and also these anomalies were more common in gestational age of 29-32 weeks.

Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2006

Lithium remains the most widely used treatment for bipolar disorder; however, the molecular mecha... more Lithium remains the most widely used treatment for bipolar disorder; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic actions have not been fully elucidated. We studied the in-vivo effect of lithium on the density of alpha-adrenoceptor (alpha-AR) and beta-AR subtypes and linked second messenger systems in the rat brain. The densities of alpha(1)-ARs, alpha(2)-ARs, and beta(1)-ARs and beta(2)-ARs in the cortex and cerebellum of rats treated with lithium (0.4%), orally, for 30 days were measured using [(3)H]prazosin, [(3)H]clonidine and [(3)H]CGP-12177, respectively. The activity of adenylyl cyclase (AC) and levels of inositol trisphosphate (IP3), both second messengers linked to these receptors, were estimated using [(3)H]ATP and [(3)H]myoinositol, respectively. A significant decrease in the densities of cortical alpha(1)-ARs (85%, p < 0.0001), alpha(2)-ARs (50%, p < 0.0001), beta(1)-ARs (26%, p < 0.0001) and beta(2)-ARs (25%, p < 0.0001) was observed after li...

American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine, 2014

Alcohol is detoxified in the liver by the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenas... more Alcohol is detoxified in the liver by the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. The available literature suggests that activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase is less than alcohol dehydrogenase among Asians; hence it leads to accumulation of acetaldehyde during excess intake of alcohol. Accumulated acetaldehyde due to its electrophilic nature forms adducts with proteins and DNA. The acetaldehyde-DNA adduct (N-2-Ethyl deoxyguanosine (NDG)) induces mutations in DNA and leads to DNA damage. Prevention of excessive accumulation of acetaldehyde can be useful in decreasing the genotoxicity.

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2014

ABSTRACT Background: Silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are the most eminent n... more ABSTRACT Background: Silver (Ag) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are the most eminent nanoproducts. Due to their antimicrobial and antifungal activity, they have been the well commercialized nanosubstances. The hazards associated with human exposure to Ag and TiO2 nanoparticles should be investigated, and hence both the nanoparticles were synthesized to facilitate the risk assessment process. Methods: Prior to the cytotoxic studies, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were carried out to ensure the particle size. Glutathione (GSH), Nitric Oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) estimated by ELISA method. Results: In the present study, the cytotoxicity of Ag and TiO2 were investigated by using the glutathione (GSH), Nitric Oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by incubating various concentration of silver (0.25 to 76 mg/mL) and titanium dioxide (0.25 to 2 mg/mL) nanoparticles in different incubation periods (24, 48 and 74 hours at 37°C) in plasma. Results observed that significant decrease (P <0.0001) in the concentration of GSH associated with increased concentration of NO (P <0.0001) and SOD (P <0.0001) after incubation with silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles at 24hrs at 37°C, however at 48 hours and 74 hours there is not much change. Conclusion: The results indicate that silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles exhibits, nanoparticles mediated cytotoxicity by induction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS).

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 2012

The main aim of this study is association of serum copper and vascular endothelial growth factor ... more The main aim of this study is association of serum copper and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) in postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) patients. Blood samples were collected from female patients suffering with postmenopausal bleeding (n = 50) as well as healthy females as controls (n = 50). Serum copper levels were estimated by spectrophotometric method and serum VEGF-A by ELISA technique and compared with ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness in both patients and controls. A significant increase in serum copper levels and an almost twofold increase in serum VEGF-A was observed in DUB patients when compared with controls. Correlation (r) between serum VEGF-A levels and endometrial thickness was 0.96. Odds ratio for copper, VEGF-A and combination of copper and VEGF-A was 0.0426, 0.0947 and 0.0313 respectively, in all these cases odds ratio was &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;1. The abnormal angiogenesis in PMB could be due to increased serum copper levels,which in turn stimulates factors like VEGF-A, thereby causing an increase in endometrial growth.

Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS, Jan 15, 2012

Radioligand binding studies were done to investigate the effect of chronic administration of Amit... more Radioligand binding studies were done to investigate the effect of chronic administration of Amitriptyline on alpha1-adrenoceptor (alpha1-AR) receptor mediated response to inositol triphosphate (IP3) in rat brain. Our studies revealed a significant decrease in the densities of alpha1-ARs in cortex and cerebellum of rat brain after chronic administration of Amitriptyline (10 mg kg-1 b.wt.). However, there was no significant change in the affinity of [3H]prazosin to alpha1-ARs. Displacement studies showed that Amitriptyline has higher affinity for alpha1-AR with a Ki value of 182+/-16 nM. Significant change was observed in basal IP3 activity in cortex and cerebellum after Amitriptyline exposure. In cortex and cerebellum of experimental rats the NE (Norepinephrine) stimulated IP3 activity was significantly decreased (1460+/-102 DPM/g tissue; p<0.0001; 1188+/-112 DPM/g tissue; p<0.0001), when compared to NE stimulated IP3 activity (4152+/-286 and 3952+/-245 DPM/g tissue, respectiv...

Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2013

Journal of Medical Sciences(Faisalabad), 2010

Journal of Neural Transmission, 2010

... 2006; Subhash and Jagadeesh 1997). ... [3H]IP3 formed was separated by anion-exchange chro-ma... more ... 2006; Subhash and Jagadeesh 1997). ... [3H]IP3 formed was separated by anion-exchange chro-matography (Dowex-formate form). Inositol phosphates were separated by gradient elution with ammonium for-mate and formic acid (Subhash and Jagadeesh 1997). ...