jaishree ganjiwale | Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India (original) (raw)

Papers by jaishree ganjiwale

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2018

Background: The prevalence of hand injury cases in India from road traffic incidences is about 30... more Background: The prevalence of hand injury cases in India from road traffic incidences is about 30% and the total number of hand injuries would go higher on adding the industrial injury cases. Several studies have provided preliminary descriptions of the benefits of virtual reality and video games in rehabilitation training. There are many studies showing beneficial utility of video games in rehabilitation and improvement of functional independence of the hand injury patients using high-cost video game such as “Wii” and others. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to find the impact of low-cost video game therapy against the conventional therapy in improving the hand function in terms of range of motion, grip strengths, and functional independence. Materials and Methods: Patients coming to occupational therapy unit with hand injury fulfilling inclusion-exclusion criteria and agreeing to participate in the study were randomly divided into two groups - conventional therapy group and video game group based on the computer-generated random allocation. The duration of therapy was same for the two groups. The readings for hand function in terms of range of motion, grip strengths, and functional independence were documented for both the groups before the treatment and after the treatment and were compared statistically for finding the difference if any. Results: The findings of the study showed that both the groups had improved in terms of the hand function as in the range of motion, grip strengths, and functional independence at the end of treatment irrespective of the treatment arm they were in P 0.05). However, the experimental group seemed to enjoy their treatment more than their counterparts as expressed in informal communications; therefore, we may conclude the gaming method to be more preferred method of the treatment for the condition. Conclusion: We conclude that the video gaming method is as effective as that of the conventional method for improving the strengths, grip, range of motion, and functional independence in hand injury cases, but the video gaming being more interesting and involving, is deemed to be much more enjoyable by the patients compared to the conventional. Since the patients find it interesting, they look forward for more of the sessions. This is a positive motivation for the compliance of the patients for completing the treatment properly and getting maximum benefit of the therapy.

PLOS global public health, Jun 20, 2024

Smokeless tobacco (ST) use in South Asia is culturally ingrained and socially accepted. A better ... more Smokeless tobacco (ST) use in South Asia is culturally ingrained and socially accepted. A better understanding of these sociocultural influences could inform behavioural approaches to prevent ST use. We sought to understand how family members influence pregnant women's behaviour, attitudes, and perceptions towards ST use. Moreover, we captured the influence of community health workers in this context. A qualitative study using a framework analysis was conducted in selected Indian populations. Eight in-depth interviews among pregnant and postpartum women were conducted in Gujarati, the local language, investigating ST use during pregnancy and the influence of family and peers. All transcripts were transcribed verbatim and translated into English and analyzed in NVivo. The social norms and expectations around ST during pregnancy appeared to have shifted away from promoting towards discouraging its use in the past few years. Women described how their spouses and other family members encouraged them to stop using ST during pregnancy, with some women must hide their ST use from their family members. They also received advice on the harms of ST use from community health workers (Accredited Social Health Activist-ASHA workers). Influenced by the advice received from such workers, several women tried to reduce their ST use during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that the acceptability of ST use in pregnancy may be in decline among families in India. Hence, efforts to promote ST prevention during pregnancy are likely to be "pushing against an open door". Furthermore, community health workers appeared to play an influential role in supporting women to abstain from ST use during pregnancy.

توسعه آموزش در علوم پزشکی زنجان, Mar 1, 2023

Background & Objective: The concept of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and critical appraisal shoul... more Background & Objective: The concept of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and critical appraisal should be taught to undergraduate (UG) medical students so that future doctors can confidently assess the trustworthiness of the literature they read. In the current study, the understanding of biomedical research among Indian UG medical students was assessed. Materials & Methods: The Cross-sectional survey questionnaire as a Google form was circulated via online mode (WhatsApp, e-mail) in December 2020. Any UG medical students including interns from India could voluntarily participate. We aspired to get more than 601 responses as this was the minimum sample size calculated for our study, but we analyzed 715 responses. The questions of this self-made questionnaire were framed for assessing participants' attitudes and knowledge about healthcare research, EBM, and critical appraisal. The data were descriptively analyzed in frequency percentage. Chi 2 tests were used to compare the association between categorical variables. Results: Almost equal participation from all grades of the MBBS study, with almost equal gender distribution, and the mean (SD) age of the participants was 21.09(2.06) years. 22% wanted to do their post-graduation (PG) abroad. 59% surfed the internet for new subject knowledge. Teachers have never asked to refer to any journal for 66%. 14% have read journal articles at least once, with half of the understanding. No difference in biostatistics knowledge before and after its curricular teaching in Third MBBS part 1. Foreign PG aspirants were taking part in research activities more. 46% wanted to do training in critical appraisal, and 43% believed not having critical appraisal skills will affect their patient care. Conclusion: Indian UG medical students lacked the skills of critical appraisal. There was a lack of motivation and support from teachers. This scenario needs to change with the systemic inclusion of the components of healthcare research and EBM in the curriculum.

Highlights of Ophthalmology

International Journal of Pediatrics

Background. During the initial days of hospitalization, preterm newborns are given combinations o... more Background. During the initial days of hospitalization, preterm newborns are given combinations of breastfeeding, spoon/paladai feeding, and/or gavage feeding. Each method of feeding may have a different effect on vital parameters. Objective. To study changes in vital parameters in relation to different feeding methods and postmenstrual age (PMA) in preterm newborns. Study Design. This prospective observational study was carried out at a tertiary care neonatal unit. Participants. Physiologically stable preterm newborns with PMA less than 37 weeks on full enteral feeds were included in the study. Intervention. None. Outcomes. Respiratory rate (RR), pulse rate (PR), oxygen saturation (SPO2), nasal flaring, and lower chest indrawing were monitored before and up to 3 h after the breastfeeding/spoon (paladai) feeding/gavage feeding or their combinations. These vital parameters were assessed in relation to the feeding methods and PMA groups using ANOVA. Results. A total of 383 records wer...

Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine, 2021

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2021

Introduction: Approaches to study and learning may either improve or attenuate educational outcom... more Introduction: Approaches to study and learning may either improve or attenuate educational outcomes. Medical educators, therefore need to monitor the various approaches adopted by students in pursuit of their learning. This can be achieved using Approaches to Study and Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST). Aim: To find predominant learning approach amongst medical students in a western Indian medical school. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at second year MBBS students in September 2015, at the private medical college of Pramukhswami Medical College, Gujarat, India for documenting details about their understanding about learning and its concepts, different learning approaches and preferences for different types of courses and teachings adopted by students in their daily academic routine. Descriptive analysis was carried out finding frequency (n) and percentages (%) and Independent sample t-test was applied to compare the scores of quantita...

Background: Spiritual intelligence (SI) is reported to provide meaning-giving and context-creator... more Background: Spiritual intelligence (SI) is reported to provide meaning-giving and context-creator functionality, besides enhancing academic engagement and care competence. Enabling medical students to become aware about their own SI has a potential to provide a transformational edge to the learning process. Method: We studied spiritual intelligence, daily spiritual practices, and work satisfaction of 127 students of first year undergraduate course in an Indian medical college using a questionnaire-based survey. Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI 24) was used which measures overall spiritual intelligence and its 4 components: Critical existential thinking, Personal meaning production, Transcendental awareness, Conscious state expansion. Results were analysed by STATA 14 software. Results: Eighty five percent students had moderate/high SI. Scores: Critical existential thinking (17.0/28), Personal meaning production (12.9 /20) Transcendental awareness (17.8/28), Consci...

Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (CO... more Background: There is a paucity of data regarding the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Our objective was to identify the clinical manifestations and prognostic factors and to assess the impact of treatment schemes on the outcome. Materials and methods: Here we present retrospectively collected data from medical records of patients on MHD hospitalized with COVID-19 infection from 1st June to 30th November 2020. Result: Around 69 patients were admitted with a median age of 51 years. About 81% had hypertension, 41% had diabetes, and 24% had body mass index (BMI) ≥ 23 kg/m2 . Of all who died, 73.33% had dialysis vintage of <12 months (p = 0.06). Common presenting symptoms were fatigue (67%), fever (58%), cough (42%), and dyspnea (35%). Milder, severe, and critical disease was found in 35, 45, and 20% of patients, respectively. About 54 patients were living 4 weeks after discharge. Around 15 patients died, th...

Highlights of Ophthalmology

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

Introduction: The use of remdesivir is not recommended in patients with end-stage renal disease w... more Introduction: The use of remdesivir is not recommended in patients with end-stage renal disease with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection unless potential advantage offset disadvantage due to limited safety data. Our objective was to assess the safety of remdesivir in patients with end-stage renal failure and evaluate the outcome of this vulnerable group. Methodology: We carried out a retrospective observational study in dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who received a standard 5-day course of remdesivir (powder form) from June 2020 to December 2020. Oxygen requirement, hemogram, inflammatory markers, and liver function tests before and after remdesivir treatment were compared. Result: We found thirty-nine such patients with mean age of patients 58.79 ± 12.13 years. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiac diseases were present in 58.97, 87.17, and 23.07% of patients, respectively. Mean oxygen saturation on admission was 85.41% (±7.73). There were no events of hepatotoxicity, altered behavior, or infusion reaction. There was statistically significant improvement in total leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte counts, and C-reactive protein (p value <0.001, 0.01, and 0.02, respectively) post remdesivir treatment. A total of 60% of patients had improved oxygenation while 13% of patients had no change in oxygen requirement after completion of remdesivir course. Mortality in our study was 28.21%. We did not find any significant benefit of early remdesivir administration (3-6 days of illness) on mortality or days of hospitalization. Conclusion: The use of remdesivir in end-stage kidney disease is safe. Improvement in oxygenation was significant when baseline oxygen requirement was less. It requires prospective controlled trials with larger population to assess its impact on mortality.

Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2012

team and the appropriateness of the intereventions were recorded till the child had spent 24 hour... more team and the appropriateness of the intereventions were recorded till the child had spent 24 hours in the hospital. Outcomes were death, discharge and DAMA. The PIM2 scoring was done at the time of admission. Data was analyzed by Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis. Results Of 742 consecutive admissions (295 females and 447 males, 39.08% infants), 35.84% patients were mechanically ventilated and mortality was 7%. Significant anemia (27.2%), pneumonia (19.5%), meningitis/encephalitis (17.1%), septicemia and septicemic shock (29.5%) were seen. 25.6% patients admitted in PICU took discharge against medical advice due to unaffordable medical care. Sensitivity of PIM2 score was 65.7%, and specificity was 70.6% at cutoff point of 1.9. Predictive capability as assessed by calculating the area under ROC curve was 0.724 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.76). Logistic Regression analysis revealed that age, shock, Protein energy malnutrition, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, meningitis/encephalitis, adherence to guidelines, ventilatory support requirement are significant predictors of Mortality. Conclusions Infectious diseases were the most common cause of PICU admissions and mortality. PIM2 scoring did not correlate well with outcome suggesting need of recalibration. Following published emergency guidelines was associated with significantly better outcome.

Medical Teacher, 2013

Background: Teachers' belief in their ability to teach influences how much of the new knowledge a... more Background: Teachers' belief in their ability to teach influences how much of the new knowledge and skills gained during faculty development (FD) programs are actually implemented at the workplace. Aim: To study the effect of a longitudinal FD program on the self-efficacy beliefs (SEB) of teachers of health professions using quasi-experimental methodology. Methods: The SEB of 70 teachers of health professions enrolling for a longitudinal FD program at three sites in India and one site in South Africa and an equal number of comparable controls were measured using the ''teacher efficacy belief systems-self'' (TEBS-self) scale. The scale was re-administered at 6 and 12 months to both the groups. Results: Teachers enrolled in the program had lower scores than controls at the beginning of the program but demonstrated a significant increase at 6 months with an effect size of 0.56. The 12-month scores demonstrated a further rise in the participating teachers. The control group maintained the scores but did not show any significant change either at 6 or at 12 months. Conclusion: Longitudinal FD program has positive effect on SEB of teachers.

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia, 2017

Background & Aim: The chances of return of spontaneous circulation and survival to hospital disch... more Background & Aim: The chances of return of spontaneous circulation and survival to hospital discharge increase after cardiac arrest with high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In the era of evidence based medicine and as a requirement of National accreditation board for Hospitals and healthcare providers (NABH), basic life support (BLS) should be practiced as per latest guidelines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of recent BLS guidelines with emphasis on high quality chest compressions, among doctors and nursing staff of our center. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Western India. The awareness about recent guidelines of American heart association (AHA), BLS, and factors associated which include profession, age, gender, current primary posting, previous BLS training and updated with Highlights of 2015 was assessed by using a MCQ based questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: The descriptive analysis was run to ...

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2020

Background: Cephalosporins are one of the widely prescribed antibiotics in clinical settings. Des... more Background: Cephalosporins are one of the widely prescribed antibiotics in clinical settings. Despite several years of its use, little is known about their prescribing pattern, especially in reference to antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). Aims and Objectives: Evaluation of cephalosporin prescribing pattern, prior to and after implementation of ASP. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study on both prospective and retrospective data from surgery wards at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Data were collected from surgery case files and analyzed for demographic details, cephalosporin prescribing pattern, and its appropriateness in relation to ASP. Results: Data were selected from a total of 300 surgery case files (n = 150 each of year 2012 and 2014). Overall, there were 68% of male and 32% of female patients. Cephalosporins were prescribed, generation wise, i.e., the 1st generation in 34.7%, the 2nd in 1.3%, the 3rd in 63.3%, and the 4th in 0.7%, in 2012, while in 2...

Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 2019

Context: Vitiligo is an autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by localized or generalized ... more Context: Vitiligo is an autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by localized or generalized depigmentation of the skin. It is associated with significant stigma and has impact on patient's quality of life (QoL) and psychological wellbeing. Aims: To see the variance in QoL and level of depression in vitiligo patients with extent of vitiligo. Materials and Methods: Vitiligo patients aged ≥18 years attending OPD were included in the study. Impairment in QoL was assessed by administering DLQI (Dermatology Life Quality Index) and VIS22 (Vitiligo Impact Scale22). Depression was assessed by administering QIDSSR16 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology). The Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) was calculated based on clinical examination. Results: One hundred and fifty patients enrolled. Most common age group was 18–30 years. Mean DLQI, VIS22, QIDSSR16 scores were 7.02, 16.37, 5.87, respectively. QoL was affected to some extent in 85.3% and 86.7% according to the DLQI and VIS...

Healthline, Journal of Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine, 2012

Empowerment means the ability to exercise full control over one's actions. The status of wome... more Empowerment means the ability to exercise full control over one's actions. The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. The purpose of this paper is to explore the status of women empowerment in India and its effect on health indicators through various related factors. The health of women depends on their emotional, social and physical well-being which are determined by different social, political and economic contexts of their lives. India being large country, has a diverse populationsocially, culturally and economically; yet, the common major problem that women here face in availing healthcare, is inequality, between men and women; among women of different geographical regions, social classes and indigenous and ethnic groups across the country. There are several factors responsible for the current status of women, one is the culture itself. Women are subjected to selective malnourishment from birth. There is strong preference...

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2018

Background: The prevalence of hand injury cases in India from road traffic incidences is about 30... more Background: The prevalence of hand injury cases in India from road traffic incidences is about 30% and the total number of hand injuries would go higher on adding the industrial injury cases. Several studies have provided preliminary descriptions of the benefits of virtual reality and video games in rehabilitation training. There are many studies showing beneficial utility of video games in rehabilitation and improvement of functional independence of the hand injury patients using high-cost video game such as “Wii” and others. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to find the impact of low-cost video game therapy against the conventional therapy in improving the hand function in terms of range of motion, grip strengths, and functional independence. Materials and Methods: Patients coming to occupational therapy unit with hand injury fulfilling inclusion-exclusion criteria and agreeing to participate in the study were randomly divided into two groups - conventional therapy group and video game group based on the computer-generated random allocation. The duration of therapy was same for the two groups. The readings for hand function in terms of range of motion, grip strengths, and functional independence were documented for both the groups before the treatment and after the treatment and were compared statistically for finding the difference if any. Results: The findings of the study showed that both the groups had improved in terms of the hand function as in the range of motion, grip strengths, and functional independence at the end of treatment irrespective of the treatment arm they were in P 0.05). However, the experimental group seemed to enjoy their treatment more than their counterparts as expressed in informal communications; therefore, we may conclude the gaming method to be more preferred method of the treatment for the condition. Conclusion: We conclude that the video gaming method is as effective as that of the conventional method for improving the strengths, grip, range of motion, and functional independence in hand injury cases, but the video gaming being more interesting and involving, is deemed to be much more enjoyable by the patients compared to the conventional. Since the patients find it interesting, they look forward for more of the sessions. This is a positive motivation for the compliance of the patients for completing the treatment properly and getting maximum benefit of the therapy.

PLOS global public health, Jun 20, 2024

Smokeless tobacco (ST) use in South Asia is culturally ingrained and socially accepted. A better ... more Smokeless tobacco (ST) use in South Asia is culturally ingrained and socially accepted. A better understanding of these sociocultural influences could inform behavioural approaches to prevent ST use. We sought to understand how family members influence pregnant women's behaviour, attitudes, and perceptions towards ST use. Moreover, we captured the influence of community health workers in this context. A qualitative study using a framework analysis was conducted in selected Indian populations. Eight in-depth interviews among pregnant and postpartum women were conducted in Gujarati, the local language, investigating ST use during pregnancy and the influence of family and peers. All transcripts were transcribed verbatim and translated into English and analyzed in NVivo. The social norms and expectations around ST during pregnancy appeared to have shifted away from promoting towards discouraging its use in the past few years. Women described how their spouses and other family members encouraged them to stop using ST during pregnancy, with some women must hide their ST use from their family members. They also received advice on the harms of ST use from community health workers (Accredited Social Health Activist-ASHA workers). Influenced by the advice received from such workers, several women tried to reduce their ST use during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that the acceptability of ST use in pregnancy may be in decline among families in India. Hence, efforts to promote ST prevention during pregnancy are likely to be "pushing against an open door". Furthermore, community health workers appeared to play an influential role in supporting women to abstain from ST use during pregnancy.

توسعه آموزش در علوم پزشکی زنجان, Mar 1, 2023

Background & Objective: The concept of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and critical appraisal shoul... more Background & Objective: The concept of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and critical appraisal should be taught to undergraduate (UG) medical students so that future doctors can confidently assess the trustworthiness of the literature they read. In the current study, the understanding of biomedical research among Indian UG medical students was assessed. Materials & Methods: The Cross-sectional survey questionnaire as a Google form was circulated via online mode (WhatsApp, e-mail) in December 2020. Any UG medical students including interns from India could voluntarily participate. We aspired to get more than 601 responses as this was the minimum sample size calculated for our study, but we analyzed 715 responses. The questions of this self-made questionnaire were framed for assessing participants' attitudes and knowledge about healthcare research, EBM, and critical appraisal. The data were descriptively analyzed in frequency percentage. Chi 2 tests were used to compare the association between categorical variables. Results: Almost equal participation from all grades of the MBBS study, with almost equal gender distribution, and the mean (SD) age of the participants was 21.09(2.06) years. 22% wanted to do their post-graduation (PG) abroad. 59% surfed the internet for new subject knowledge. Teachers have never asked to refer to any journal for 66%. 14% have read journal articles at least once, with half of the understanding. No difference in biostatistics knowledge before and after its curricular teaching in Third MBBS part 1. Foreign PG aspirants were taking part in research activities more. 46% wanted to do training in critical appraisal, and 43% believed not having critical appraisal skills will affect their patient care. Conclusion: Indian UG medical students lacked the skills of critical appraisal. There was a lack of motivation and support from teachers. This scenario needs to change with the systemic inclusion of the components of healthcare research and EBM in the curriculum.

Highlights of Ophthalmology

International Journal of Pediatrics

Background. During the initial days of hospitalization, preterm newborns are given combinations o... more Background. During the initial days of hospitalization, preterm newborns are given combinations of breastfeeding, spoon/paladai feeding, and/or gavage feeding. Each method of feeding may have a different effect on vital parameters. Objective. To study changes in vital parameters in relation to different feeding methods and postmenstrual age (PMA) in preterm newborns. Study Design. This prospective observational study was carried out at a tertiary care neonatal unit. Participants. Physiologically stable preterm newborns with PMA less than 37 weeks on full enteral feeds were included in the study. Intervention. None. Outcomes. Respiratory rate (RR), pulse rate (PR), oxygen saturation (SPO2), nasal flaring, and lower chest indrawing were monitored before and up to 3 h after the breastfeeding/spoon (paladai) feeding/gavage feeding or their combinations. These vital parameters were assessed in relation to the feeding methods and PMA groups using ANOVA. Results. A total of 383 records wer...

Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine, 2021

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2021

Introduction: Approaches to study and learning may either improve or attenuate educational outcom... more Introduction: Approaches to study and learning may either improve or attenuate educational outcomes. Medical educators, therefore need to monitor the various approaches adopted by students in pursuit of their learning. This can be achieved using Approaches to Study and Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST). Aim: To find predominant learning approach amongst medical students in a western Indian medical school. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at second year MBBS students in September 2015, at the private medical college of Pramukhswami Medical College, Gujarat, India for documenting details about their understanding about learning and its concepts, different learning approaches and preferences for different types of courses and teachings adopted by students in their daily academic routine. Descriptive analysis was carried out finding frequency (n) and percentages (%) and Independent sample t-test was applied to compare the scores of quantita...

Background: Spiritual intelligence (SI) is reported to provide meaning-giving and context-creator... more Background: Spiritual intelligence (SI) is reported to provide meaning-giving and context-creator functionality, besides enhancing academic engagement and care competence. Enabling medical students to become aware about their own SI has a potential to provide a transformational edge to the learning process. Method: We studied spiritual intelligence, daily spiritual practices, and work satisfaction of 127 students of first year undergraduate course in an Indian medical college using a questionnaire-based survey. Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI 24) was used which measures overall spiritual intelligence and its 4 components: Critical existential thinking, Personal meaning production, Transcendental awareness, Conscious state expansion. Results were analysed by STATA 14 software. Results: Eighty five percent students had moderate/high SI. Scores: Critical existential thinking (17.0/28), Personal meaning production (12.9 /20) Transcendental awareness (17.8/28), Consci...

Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

Background: There is a paucity of data regarding the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (CO... more Background: There is a paucity of data regarding the consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Our objective was to identify the clinical manifestations and prognostic factors and to assess the impact of treatment schemes on the outcome. Materials and methods: Here we present retrospectively collected data from medical records of patients on MHD hospitalized with COVID-19 infection from 1st June to 30th November 2020. Result: Around 69 patients were admitted with a median age of 51 years. About 81% had hypertension, 41% had diabetes, and 24% had body mass index (BMI) ≥ 23 kg/m2 . Of all who died, 73.33% had dialysis vintage of <12 months (p = 0.06). Common presenting symptoms were fatigue (67%), fever (58%), cough (42%), and dyspnea (35%). Milder, severe, and critical disease was found in 35, 45, and 20% of patients, respectively. About 54 patients were living 4 weeks after discharge. Around 15 patients died, th...

Highlights of Ophthalmology

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

Introduction: The use of remdesivir is not recommended in patients with end-stage renal disease w... more Introduction: The use of remdesivir is not recommended in patients with end-stage renal disease with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection unless potential advantage offset disadvantage due to limited safety data. Our objective was to assess the safety of remdesivir in patients with end-stage renal failure and evaluate the outcome of this vulnerable group. Methodology: We carried out a retrospective observational study in dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who received a standard 5-day course of remdesivir (powder form) from June 2020 to December 2020. Oxygen requirement, hemogram, inflammatory markers, and liver function tests before and after remdesivir treatment were compared. Result: We found thirty-nine such patients with mean age of patients 58.79 ± 12.13 years. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiac diseases were present in 58.97, 87.17, and 23.07% of patients, respectively. Mean oxygen saturation on admission was 85.41% (±7.73). There were no events of hepatotoxicity, altered behavior, or infusion reaction. There was statistically significant improvement in total leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte counts, and C-reactive protein (p value <0.001, 0.01, and 0.02, respectively) post remdesivir treatment. A total of 60% of patients had improved oxygenation while 13% of patients had no change in oxygen requirement after completion of remdesivir course. Mortality in our study was 28.21%. We did not find any significant benefit of early remdesivir administration (3-6 days of illness) on mortality or days of hospitalization. Conclusion: The use of remdesivir in end-stage kidney disease is safe. Improvement in oxygenation was significant when baseline oxygen requirement was less. It requires prospective controlled trials with larger population to assess its impact on mortality.

Archives of Disease in Childhood, 2012

team and the appropriateness of the intereventions were recorded till the child had spent 24 hour... more team and the appropriateness of the intereventions were recorded till the child had spent 24 hours in the hospital. Outcomes were death, discharge and DAMA. The PIM2 scoring was done at the time of admission. Data was analyzed by Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis. Results Of 742 consecutive admissions (295 females and 447 males, 39.08% infants), 35.84% patients were mechanically ventilated and mortality was 7%. Significant anemia (27.2%), pneumonia (19.5%), meningitis/encephalitis (17.1%), septicemia and septicemic shock (29.5%) were seen. 25.6% patients admitted in PICU took discharge against medical advice due to unaffordable medical care. Sensitivity of PIM2 score was 65.7%, and specificity was 70.6% at cutoff point of 1.9. Predictive capability as assessed by calculating the area under ROC curve was 0.724 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.76). Logistic Regression analysis revealed that age, shock, Protein energy malnutrition, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, meningitis/encephalitis, adherence to guidelines, ventilatory support requirement are significant predictors of Mortality. Conclusions Infectious diseases were the most common cause of PICU admissions and mortality. PIM2 scoring did not correlate well with outcome suggesting need of recalibration. Following published emergency guidelines was associated with significantly better outcome.

Medical Teacher, 2013

Background: Teachers' belief in their ability to teach influences how much of the new knowledge a... more Background: Teachers' belief in their ability to teach influences how much of the new knowledge and skills gained during faculty development (FD) programs are actually implemented at the workplace. Aim: To study the effect of a longitudinal FD program on the self-efficacy beliefs (SEB) of teachers of health professions using quasi-experimental methodology. Methods: The SEB of 70 teachers of health professions enrolling for a longitudinal FD program at three sites in India and one site in South Africa and an equal number of comparable controls were measured using the ''teacher efficacy belief systems-self'' (TEBS-self) scale. The scale was re-administered at 6 and 12 months to both the groups. Results: Teachers enrolled in the program had lower scores than controls at the beginning of the program but demonstrated a significant increase at 6 months with an effect size of 0.56. The 12-month scores demonstrated a further rise in the participating teachers. The control group maintained the scores but did not show any significant change either at 6 or at 12 months. Conclusion: Longitudinal FD program has positive effect on SEB of teachers.

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia, 2017

Background & Aim: The chances of return of spontaneous circulation and survival to hospital disch... more Background & Aim: The chances of return of spontaneous circulation and survival to hospital discharge increase after cardiac arrest with high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In the era of evidence based medicine and as a requirement of National accreditation board for Hospitals and healthcare providers (NABH), basic life support (BLS) should be practiced as per latest guidelines. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of recent BLS guidelines with emphasis on high quality chest compressions, among doctors and nursing staff of our center. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Western India. The awareness about recent guidelines of American heart association (AHA), BLS, and factors associated which include profession, age, gender, current primary posting, previous BLS training and updated with Highlights of 2015 was assessed by using a MCQ based questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: The descriptive analysis was run to ...

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2020

Background: Cephalosporins are one of the widely prescribed antibiotics in clinical settings. Des... more Background: Cephalosporins are one of the widely prescribed antibiotics in clinical settings. Despite several years of its use, little is known about their prescribing pattern, especially in reference to antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). Aims and Objectives: Evaluation of cephalosporin prescribing pattern, prior to and after implementation of ASP. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study on both prospective and retrospective data from surgery wards at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Data were collected from surgery case files and analyzed for demographic details, cephalosporin prescribing pattern, and its appropriateness in relation to ASP. Results: Data were selected from a total of 300 surgery case files (n = 150 each of year 2012 and 2014). Overall, there were 68% of male and 32% of female patients. Cephalosporins were prescribed, generation wise, i.e., the 1st generation in 34.7%, the 2nd in 1.3%, the 3rd in 63.3%, and the 4th in 0.7%, in 2012, while in 2...

Indian Dermatology Online Journal, 2019

Context: Vitiligo is an autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by localized or generalized ... more Context: Vitiligo is an autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by localized or generalized depigmentation of the skin. It is associated with significant stigma and has impact on patient's quality of life (QoL) and psychological wellbeing. Aims: To see the variance in QoL and level of depression in vitiligo patients with extent of vitiligo. Materials and Methods: Vitiligo patients aged ≥18 years attending OPD were included in the study. Impairment in QoL was assessed by administering DLQI (Dermatology Life Quality Index) and VIS22 (Vitiligo Impact Scale22). Depression was assessed by administering QIDSSR16 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology). The Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) was calculated based on clinical examination. Results: One hundred and fifty patients enrolled. Most common age group was 18–30 years. Mean DLQI, VIS22, QIDSSR16 scores were 7.02, 16.37, 5.87, respectively. QoL was affected to some extent in 85.3% and 86.7% according to the DLQI and VIS...

Healthline, Journal of Indian Association of Preventive and Social Medicine, 2012

Empowerment means the ability to exercise full control over one's actions. The status of wome... more Empowerment means the ability to exercise full control over one's actions. The status of women in India has been subject to many great changes over the past few millennia. The purpose of this paper is to explore the status of women empowerment in India and its effect on health indicators through various related factors. The health of women depends on their emotional, social and physical well-being which are determined by different social, political and economic contexts of their lives. India being large country, has a diverse populationsocially, culturally and economically; yet, the common major problem that women here face in availing healthcare, is inequality, between men and women; among women of different geographical regions, social classes and indigenous and ethnic groups across the country. There are several factors responsible for the current status of women, one is the culture itself. Women are subjected to selective malnourishment from birth. There is strong preference...