Clifton Holland | Evangelical University of the Americas (UNELA) (original) (raw)

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Hinduism 27.4 percent Protestantism 25.2 percent Roman Catholicism 22.8 percent Islam 19.6 percen... more Hinduism 27.4 percent Protestantism 25.2 percent Roman Catholicism 22.8 percent Islam 19.6 percent Other religions 5 percent COUNTRY OVERVIEW The territory of what is now the nation of Surinam (or Suriname), located on the north-central coast of South America, was originally settled by the Arawak (ca. 3000 B.C.E.), and later by the Carib, Native American Indians who lived in small communities of hunters and gatherers. Christopher Columbus navigated the coastline in 1498 and Amerigo Vespucci in 1499 (who gave his name to the American continent). Spain officially claimed the territory in 1593; however, it was not until 1650 that the first Europeans settled there, starting with the British and followed by the Dutch in the 1660s. Christianity was introduced to the Guianas (or Guayanas) by Portuguese Roman Catholic missionaries after the Treaty of Tordesillas gave this territory to Portugal. However, after the Dutch assumed control of the territory that is now Surinam by the Treaty of Breda in 1667, Dutch Guiana became a Protestant colony. The first Roman Catholic priests arrived in 1683 but only stayed four years; there was another brief attempt from 1786-1793, but these efforts had little lasting impact. During the Dutch and English colonial periods, the colonists developed an agricultural economy that produced sugar, coffee, cacao and cotton on more than 400 plantations. In the beginning, manual labor was provided by Native American Indians, after 1640 by African slaves, and after slavery was abolished in 1863 by a series of immigrant contract laborers. These included Chinese from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), starting in 1853; East Indians (consisting of about 80 percent Hindus and 20 percent Muslims) from India, beginning in 1873; and Javanese (Muslims) from Indonesia, starting in 1894. The official abolition of slavery in Suriname took place on July 1, 1863, which was 15 to 20 years after the English and the French terminated slavery in their respective colonies. Many of the former slaves received contracts to work on the plantations with payment for another 10 years. Today, the Surinamese population (estimated at 428,000 people in 1998) is composed of many ethnic and religious groups, each of which has contributed to Surinam's unique cultural heritage. The largest ethnic group is the Hindustani, which makes up 37 percent of the population; it is composed of descendents of immigrants (1873-1916) from India and is predominantly Hindu with a minority of Muslims. The Creoles, about 31 percent of the population, are the descendents of African slaves (1612-1818) and European settlers, mainly of Dutch origin, and reside on the Atlantic coast; they are largely Christian (both Catholic and Protestant) and practitioners of Obeah, a syncretistic religion of West African origin that is similar in some respects to Vodou in Haiti and Santería in Cuba and Puerto Rico. The Javanese, about 15 percent of the population, are descendents of immigrants (after 1890) from Indonesia and are predominantly Muslims. The Bush-Negroes or Maroons, about 10 percent of the population, are the descendents of runaway African slaves who fled the plantations in the 1660s and took refuge in the dense tropical forests, where they continue to live in relative isolation and preserve their ancient culture and religious traditions; they are grouped in five major tribes and practice the Winti religion (similar to Vodou). About three percent of the population consists of Native American Indians, and the remaining four percent are

Siwo, Oct 2, 2018

Buenos días y saludos a todas las personas presentes en el día de hoy, especialmente al moderador... more Buenos días y saludos a todas las personas presentes en el día de hoy, especialmente al moderador del Foro, a mis colegas expositores, moderadores e interlocutores y a los representantes

Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary... more Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary Organization of Armed People (ORPA), the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR) and the Guatemalan Party of Labor (PGT)-conducted economic sabotage and targeted government installations and members of government security forces in armed attacks. These organizations combined to form the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG) in 1982. At the same time, extreme right-wing groups of self-appointed vigilantes, including the Secret Anti-Communist Army (ESA) and the White Hand (La Mano Blanca), tortured and murdered students, professionals and peasants suspected of involvement in leftist activities.

COUNTRY OVERVIEW The United States of Mexico, comprising 32 states and a total of 1,220,663 squar... more COUNTRY OVERVIEW The United States of Mexico, comprising 32 states and a total of 1,220,663 square miles, is one of the largest and most powerful countries in the Americas, located in North America between the USA in the north and Guatemala and Belize in the southeast. Mexico's population in mid-2000 was reported to be 99,639,000, the third largest nation in the Americas in population size after the USA and Brazil. It is composed of a diversity of ethnic groups: Mestizos (mixed Spanish-Indian blood who are native Spanish-speakers), 88%; Amerindians (239 living languages among 13 linguistical families), 9%; and others (including Caucasians, Afro-Americans, Middle Easterners and Asians), 3%. The predominant Indian languages are: Nahuatl, Maya, Mixteco, Zapoteco, Otomi, Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Totonaco, Chol, Mazahua and Huasteco.

Spanish “conquistador” Hernando Cortes begins the exploration and conquest of Mexico: 1519 Alvare... more Spanish “conquistador” Hernando Cortes begins the exploration and conquest of Mexico: 1519 Alvarez de Pineda explores the Gulf Coast: 1519 Cortes conquers the Aztecs in Teotihuacan (Mexico City) and establishes Spanish rule: 1521 Panfilo de Narvaez begins the exploration of Florida and Texas: 1528 The Viceroyalty of New Spain established over Mexico and the western part of what is now the United States of America: 1535

COUNTRY OVERVIEW The territory of what is now the nation of Surinam (or Suriname), located on the... more COUNTRY OVERVIEW The territory of what is now the nation of Surinam (or Suriname), located on the north-central coast of South America, was originally settled by the Arawak (ca. 3000 B.C.E.), and later by the Carib, Native American Indians who lived in small communities of hunters and gatherers. Christopher Columbus navigated the coastline in 1498 and Amerigo Vespucci in 1499 (who gave his name to the American continent). Spain officially claimed the territory in 1593; however, it was not until 1650 that the first Europeans settled there, starting with the British and followed by the Dutch in the 1660s.

Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary... more Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary Organization of Armed People (ORPA), the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR) and the Guatemalan Party of Labor (PGT)-conducted economic sabotage and targeted government installations and members of government security forces in armed attacks. These organizations combined to form the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG) in 1982. At the same time, extreme right-wing groups of self-appointed vigilantes, including the Secret Anti-Communist Army (ESA) and the White Hand (La Mano Blanca), tortured and murdered students, professionals and peasants suspected of involvement in leftist activities.

Missiology: An International Review, 1975

Hinduism 27.4 percent Protestantism 25.2 percent Roman Catholicism 22.8 percent Islam 19.6 percen... more Hinduism 27.4 percent Protestantism 25.2 percent Roman Catholicism 22.8 percent Islam 19.6 percent Other religions 5 percent COUNTRY OVERVIEW The territory of what is now the nation of Surinam (or Suriname), located on the north-central coast of South America, was originally settled by the Arawak (ca. 3000 B.C.E.), and later by the Carib, Native American Indians who lived in small communities of hunters and gatherers. Christopher Columbus navigated the coastline in 1498 and Amerigo Vespucci in 1499 (who gave his name to the American continent). Spain officially claimed the territory in 1593; however, it was not until 1650 that the first Europeans settled there, starting with the British and followed by the Dutch in the 1660s. Christianity was introduced to the Guianas (or Guayanas) by Portuguese Roman Catholic missionaries after the Treaty of Tordesillas gave this territory to Portugal. However, after the Dutch assumed control of the territory that is now Surinam by the Treaty of Breda in 1667, Dutch Guiana became a Protestant colony. The first Roman Catholic priests arrived in 1683 but only stayed four years; there was another brief attempt from 1786-1793, but these efforts had little lasting impact. During the Dutch and English colonial periods, the colonists developed an agricultural economy that produced sugar, coffee, cacao and cotton on more than 400 plantations. In the beginning, manual labor was provided by Native American Indians, after 1640 by African slaves, and after slavery was abolished in 1863 by a series of immigrant contract laborers. These included Chinese from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), starting in 1853; East Indians (consisting of about 80 percent Hindus and 20 percent Muslims) from India, beginning in 1873; and Javanese (Muslims) from Indonesia, starting in 1894. The official abolition of slavery in Suriname took place on July 1, 1863, which was 15 to 20 years after the English and the French terminated slavery in their respective colonies. Many of the former slaves received contracts to work on the plantations with payment for another 10 years. Today, the Surinamese population (estimated at 428,000 people in 1998) is composed of many ethnic and religious groups, each of which has contributed to Surinam's unique cultural heritage. The largest ethnic group is the Hindustani, which makes up 37 percent of the population; it is composed of descendents of immigrants (1873-1916) from India and is predominantly Hindu with a minority of Muslims. The Creoles, about 31 percent of the population, are the descendents of African slaves (1612-1818) and European settlers, mainly of Dutch origin, and reside on the Atlantic coast; they are largely Christian (both Catholic and Protestant) and practitioners of Obeah, a syncretistic religion of West African origin that is similar in some respects to Vodou in Haiti and Santería in Cuba and Puerto Rico. The Javanese, about 15 percent of the population, are descendents of immigrants (after 1890) from Indonesia and are predominantly Muslims. The Bush-Negroes or Maroons, about 10 percent of the population, are the descendents of runaway African slaves who fled the plantations in the 1660s and took refuge in the dense tropical forests, where they continue to live in relative isolation and preserve their ancient culture and religious traditions; they are grouped in five major tribes and practice the Winti religion (similar to Vodou). About three percent of the population consists of Native American Indians, and the remaining four percent are

Siwo, Oct 2, 2018

Buenos días y saludos a todas las personas presentes en el día de hoy, especialmente al moderador... more Buenos días y saludos a todas las personas presentes en el día de hoy, especialmente al moderador del Foro, a mis colegas expositores, moderadores e interlocutores y a los representantes

Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary... more Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary Organization of Armed People (ORPA), the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR) and the Guatemalan Party of Labor (PGT)-conducted economic sabotage and targeted government installations and members of government security forces in armed attacks. These organizations combined to form the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG) in 1982. At the same time, extreme right-wing groups of self-appointed vigilantes, including the Secret Anti-Communist Army (ESA) and the White Hand (La Mano Blanca), tortured and murdered students, professionals and peasants suspected of involvement in leftist activities.

COUNTRY OVERVIEW The United States of Mexico, comprising 32 states and a total of 1,220,663 squar... more COUNTRY OVERVIEW The United States of Mexico, comprising 32 states and a total of 1,220,663 square miles, is one of the largest and most powerful countries in the Americas, located in North America between the USA in the north and Guatemala and Belize in the southeast. Mexico's population in mid-2000 was reported to be 99,639,000, the third largest nation in the Americas in population size after the USA and Brazil. It is composed of a diversity of ethnic groups: Mestizos (mixed Spanish-Indian blood who are native Spanish-speakers), 88%; Amerindians (239 living languages among 13 linguistical families), 9%; and others (including Caucasians, Afro-Americans, Middle Easterners and Asians), 3%. The predominant Indian languages are: Nahuatl, Maya, Mixteco, Zapoteco, Otomi, Tzeltal, Tzotzil, Totonaco, Chol, Mazahua and Huasteco.

Spanish “conquistador” Hernando Cortes begins the exploration and conquest of Mexico: 1519 Alvare... more Spanish “conquistador” Hernando Cortes begins the exploration and conquest of Mexico: 1519 Alvarez de Pineda explores the Gulf Coast: 1519 Cortes conquers the Aztecs in Teotihuacan (Mexico City) and establishes Spanish rule: 1521 Panfilo de Narvaez begins the exploration of Florida and Texas: 1528 The Viceroyalty of New Spain established over Mexico and the western part of what is now the United States of America: 1535

COUNTRY OVERVIEW The territory of what is now the nation of Surinam (or Suriname), located on the... more COUNTRY OVERVIEW The territory of what is now the nation of Surinam (or Suriname), located on the north-central coast of South America, was originally settled by the Arawak (ca. 3000 B.C.E.), and later by the Carib, Native American Indians who lived in small communities of hunters and gatherers. Christopher Columbus navigated the coastline in 1498 and Amerigo Vespucci in 1499 (who gave his name to the American continent). Spain officially claimed the territory in 1593; however, it was not until 1650 that the first Europeans settled there, starting with the British and followed by the Dutch in the 1660s.

Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary... more Four principal left-wing guerrilla groups-the Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), the Revolutionary Organization of Armed People (ORPA), the Rebel Armed Forces (FAR) and the Guatemalan Party of Labor (PGT)-conducted economic sabotage and targeted government installations and members of government security forces in armed attacks. These organizations combined to form the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (URNG) in 1982. At the same time, extreme right-wing groups of self-appointed vigilantes, including the Secret Anti-Communist Army (ESA) and the White Hand (La Mano Blanca), tortured and murdered students, professionals and peasants suspected of involvement in leftist activities.

Missiology: An International Review, 1975