Daniel Merdes | Penn State University (original) (raw)

Papers by Daniel Merdes

Prototype operational FORTRAN software is developed implementing a two-scale microwave sea surfac... more Prototype operational FORTRAN software is developed implementing a two-scale microwave sea surface scatterometry model. A program suitable for specific numerical testing, and another program illustrating its potential operational utility in generating graphical visual aids, are also documented. Limitations of the selected scatterometry model are discussed, and suggestions on the direction of future development efforts are offered.

$Research paper thumbnail of INFRARED BANDS OF CYCLOPROPANE IN THE 3.2 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mu</annotation></semantics></math>μm REGION$

Author Institution: Physics Department, The Pennsylvania State University; Applied Research Labor... more Author Institution: Physics Department, The Pennsylvania State University; Applied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University; Molecular Physics Division, Gaithersburg, MD 20899

$Research paper thumbnail of ANALYSIS OF THE PERPENDICULAR BANDS OF CYCLOPROPANE IN THE <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mn>3.3</mn><mi>μ</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">3.3 \mu</annotation></semantics></math>3.3μm REGION$

Author Institution: Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University; Molecular Spectrosc... more Author Institution: Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University; Molecular Spectroscopy Division, U.S. National Bureau of Standards

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 1983

The emission spectrum from a low-pressure hydrogen chloride flame has been recorded in the 3.1-5.... more The emission spectrum from a low-pressure hydrogen chloride flame has been recorded in the 3.1-5.3 rrn region at high resolution using a 4.5-m grating spectrometer coupled to a PDP-15 computer. The data obtained for the v-v-1 band sequence, with u = 1 to 6 for H'rCl and u = 1 to 5 for H3'C1, were combined with other accurate data and analyzed to obtain the vibrational and rotational constants and Dunham coefficients for the H35Cl and H"C1 molecules. Using this information, eighth-order nonlinear least-squares estimates of the Dunham, Simons-Parr-Finlan, Ogilvie, and Sandeman potential constants were computed. While the values of all four sets of constants display a lack of convergence, the constants of Sandeman's expansion exhibit better statistical behavior than the other three. This suggests that a Sandeman-like inversion of the Simons-Parr-Finlan and Ogilvie potential constants would lx worthwhile.

The potential utility of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as a means to detect biologi... more The potential utility of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as a means to detect biological contaminants on painted surfaces is investigated. Issues involving the use of LIBS for detection of biologicals are discussed. The apparatus assembled for this work is described, as is the manner in which samples of bare copper and painted substrates onto which thin layers of bacterial spores, pollen, molds, and contaminants were prepared. A chemometric analysis methodology consisting of spectral preprocessing, principal ...

PhDT, 1984

The aim of this research is to identify the entrance of science, technology and society as a teac... more The aim of this research is to identify the entrance of science, technology and society as a teaching approach that uses technology as a tool for linking science to society and based on interaction and integration between science and technology and society. It helps to provide the learner with the skills, experience and knowledge that enable him to deal with life situations and apply these skills when making personal and social decisions.

Title of program: EQSYSTM Catalogue Id: AAQX_v1_0 Nature of problem This program is designed to o... more Title of program: EQSYSTM Catalogue Id: AAQX_v1_0 Nature of problem This program is designed to operate on a system of equations, making user-specified substitutions and returning for each expression its partial derivatives with respect to a list of specified variables. The output expressions for the derivatives of each input expression, in the form of statements directly usable in other programs, are organized into an array with subscripts corresponding to the variables by which it was differentiated. Output in either PL/1, Fortran, or SAS syntax is available a ... Versions of this program held in the CPC repository in Mendeley Data AAQX_v1_0; EQSYSTM; 10.1016/0010-4655(81)90085-0 This program has been imported from the CPC Program Library held at Queen's University Belfast (1969-2019)

Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) Technologies for Homeland Defense and Law Enforcement, 2002

MSAD is being developed as a low-cost point detection chemical and biological sensor system desig... more MSAD is being developed as a low-cost point detection chemical and biological sensor system designed around an information fusion inference engine that also allows additional sensors to be included in the detection process. The MSAD concept is based on probable cause detection of hazardous chemical vapors and aerosols of either chemical or biological composition using a small portable unit containing an embedded computer system and several integrated sensors with complementary capabilities. The configuration currently envisioned includes a Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) sensor of chemical vapors and a detector of respirable aerosols based on Fraunhofer diffraction. Additional sensors employing Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS), Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) detection, Flame Photometric Detection (FPD), and other principles are candidates for integration into the device; also, available commercial detectors implementing IMS, SAW, and FPD will be made accessible to the unit through RS232 ports. Both feature and decision level information fusion is supported using a Continuous Inference Network (CINET) of fuzzy logic. Each class of agents has a unique CINET with information inputs from a number of available sensors. Missing or low confidence sensor information is gracefully blended out of the output confidence for the particular agent. This approach constitutes a plug and play arrangement between the sensors and the information pattern recognition algorithms. We are currently doing simulant testing and developing out CINETs for actual agent testing at Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC) later this year.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1994

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1998

ABSTRACT From May to September of 1987, 250-Hz, 16-ms resolution acoustic signals were transmitte... more ABSTRACT From May to September of 1987, 250-Hz, 16-ms resolution acoustic signals were transmitted between four sources and nine receivers in the northeast Pacific. This paper examines the acoustic transmissions across nine of the sections within this group, with path lengths ranging from approximately 1700 to 3300 km. Acoustic multipaths are tracked in the data, and ray theory is successfully used to identify the multipaths, where the spring and summer Levitus' climatological databases are used to determine the sound speeds. The observed multipaths arrive on the order of 1 s later than the predicted rays. Travel time differences greater than 0.15 s are due to temperature errors in Levitus' climatology within the ocean's upper 1 km. The resulting corrections to Levitus' spring and summer oceans are -0.2 and -0.3 degrees C, respectively. The upper turning depths for all rays an found to vary by less than 50 m from spring to summer. Variations in the measured travel times over the four month period are about 0.5 s. Some sections warm between the spring and summer seasons, while other sections cool. This variability is inconsistent with a temperature field dominated by seasonal effects. The spatial and temporal scales of the heat content are qualitatively similar to those found from other basin-scale acoustic sections in the northeast Pacific [J. L. Spiesberger et al., J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 92, 384-396 (1992)]. (C) 1998 Acoustical Society of America.

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 1992

The extremely perturbed parallel band system occurring in the infnued spectrum of cyclopropane be... more The extremely perturbed parallel band system occurring in the infnued spectrum of cyclopropane between-3060 and 3 150 cm-' has been recorded with effective resolution of less than one-half of the Doppler width using a difference-frequency laser spectrometer and subsequent deconvolution. The region of the strong Q branches near 3 10 1 cm-' has also been measured with a color center laser and optothermal detection in a molecular beam adiabatically cooled to-10 K. Three distinct sequences of parallel subbands are observed belonging to the antisymmetric C-H stretching vibration vs of species A; in anharmonic plus Jrtype Coriolis resonances with two perturbing states identified as the A;/A; components of the combinations Y* + ~7, + Y& and 2u$ + Y&. A five-level Hamiltonian model has been used to interpret the observed spectrum and to adjust spectroscopic constants for the states involved and for their interactions. Additional local perturbations are observed in the spectrum. o 1992 Academic mess, IIIC.

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy, 1991

ABSTRACT The spectrum of the cyclopropane molecule was measured in the region 2898.5 to 3157.3 cm... more ABSTRACT The spectrum of the cyclopropane molecule was measured in the region 2898.5 to 3157.3 cm−1 with Doppler-limited resolution using a difference frequency laser spectrometer. Deconvolution was used to further enhance the effective resolution in the main part of the highly perturbed spectrum. The region below ∼3060 cm−1 contains perpendicular bands, including the ν8 fundamental of species E′ in close anharmonic resonance with the E′ component of the state ν7 + ν9 + ν14 and with other E′ states, and the ν2 + ν9 band which borrows its intensity from ν8via Fermi resonance. The ν2 + ν9E′ state is also perturbed by anharmonic interactions with additional E′ states. A comprehensive analysis of this complex system of perpendicular bands based on a Hamiltonian model of the main interactions yielded much improved spectroscopic constants for the ν8 fundamental, for the ν2 + ν9 combination, and for the newly observed ν7 + ν9 + ν14 state, as well as information on seven tentatively identified perturbing states.

Applied Optics, 2004

A high-performance nonscanning Fourier-transform spectrometer is reported that is composed mainly... more A high-performance nonscanning Fourier-transform spectrometer is reported that is composed mainly of a Wollaston prism array and a two-dimensional photodetector array. It is a substantial improvement over existing Wollaston prism based nonscanning Fourier-transform spectrometers because it offers finer spectral resolution and smaller size. Such spectrometers will find important applications in remote chemical and biological sensing, environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis, etc. Experimental results are consistent with theoretical analyses.

Applied Optics, 1979

The OPTICS IS LIGHT WORK column is an outgrowth of the OSAsponsored Optical Fabrication and Testi... more The OPTICS IS LIGHT WORK column is an outgrowth of the OSAsponsored Optical Fabrication and Testing Workshops. It is the intent of the Workshops to communicate technology and practice in the fields of optical manufacture and testing to opticians and optical engineers. Those attending the Workshops generally agree that the periodic meetings are fulfilling these goals; however, the audience that can be reached is small, perhaps 1200 people once a year. By publishing in Applied Optics a fabrication-and-test-oriented column, a far larger audience can be reached twelve times a year. This column is intended to be a means of timely exchange of specific tips or recipes to make the life of the optician or technician easier and more fruitful. Reports of experiences with new products and the application of familiar products in unique ways are encouraged. Transfers of other areas of technology to the solution of optical fabrication and testing problems would be welcomed. Material for this column is solicited from all workers in the field of optics and may be submitted to either editor. Limit your note to 500 words (2 double-spaced typed pages) and one illustration, just enough to get across one specific idea or method.

Computer Physics Communications, 1984

: Fluorescence spectra were measured against four sets of polymer matrix composite (PMC) specimen... more : Fluorescence spectra were measured against four sets of polymer matrix composite (PMC) specimens that had been heated under controlled conditions of time and temperature at the Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR). Each set consisted of specimens of a different fiber-reinforced PMC material: AS4/3501 6 5HS; AS4/3501 6 Uni-Tape; IM7/5250 4 Uni-Tape; and IM7/977 3 Uni-Tape. A chemometric model was developed to correlate changes in spectral features with changes in strength, which NAVAIR had measured according to the short-beam shear (SBS) standard after performing the heat treatments. That model is shown to be able to predict whether a given specimen had been degraded to below 80% of original strength based on its fluorescence spectrum. All steps of the chemometric model are fully described, and the complete data are provided on the CD that accompanies the report.

The C-H stretching region of the infrared absorption spectrum of C(,3)H(,6) between 2898 and 3157... more The C-H stretching region of the infrared absorption spectrum of C(,3)H(,6) between 2898 and 3157 cm('-1) was recorded at Doppler-limited resolution ((TURN)0.0057 cm(' -1)) using a difference-frequency laser spectrometer system. A portion of the spectrum was deconvolved to (TURN) 1/2 of the Doppler width ((TURN)0.0027 cm('-1)). The main bands in this region are (nu)(,6) (A(,2)(''')) and (nu)(,8) (E') accompanied by a number of combination bands enhanced by resonance with the fundamentals. The upper state of the perpendicular band (nu)(,8) occurring near 3022 cm('-1) is in Fermi resonance with (nu)(,2) + (nu)(,9), which appears fairly strongly near 2934 cm('-1), with (nu)(,7) + (nu)(,9) + (nu)(,14) located only 9 cm('-1) above (nu)(,8), and with (nu)(,2) = 2(nu)(,14) near 3014 cm('-1). Additional weaker perturbations of the (nu)(,8) state are present. The (nu)(,2) + (nu)(,9) combination is in turn very severely perturbed by several other states. A Hamiltonian matrix, including (nu)(,8), (nu)(,2) + (nu)(,9), (nu)(,7) + (nu)(,9) + (nu)(,14), (nu)(,2) + 2(nu)(,14), and several other perturbing states, has been used for the treatment of the observed energy levels with the aid of a computer program for combined Hamiltonian analysis of rovibrational spectra that result from several interacting states. The resulting "deperturbed" spectroscopic constants and the interaction constants are reported. Highly accurate values for the ground state constants B(,0), D(,J), and D(,JK) a have also been obtained in the analysis, via a fit to combination differences from these data and from high-resolution FTIR spectra of the (nu)(,10) and (nu)(,11) bands. The fairly well-determined value of C(zeta)(,eff) for the (nu)(,2) + 2(nu)(,14) combination allowed C(zeta)(,14) to be determined with much improved accuracy, and (xi)-sum considerations then yielded an improved estimate of C(zeta)(,13) as well.