Genomes were forged by massive bombardments with retroelements and retrosequences - PubMed (original) (raw)

Affiliations

• PMID: 10952214

Genomes were forged by massive bombardments with retroelements and retrosequences

J Brosius. Genetica. 1999.

Abstract

Retroposition is an efficient route to move coding regions around the genome 'in search' of novel regulatory elements and to shotgun regulatory elements into the genome 'in search' of new target genes. The templates for such retrogenes are mRNAs, and for regulatory retronuons (nuon = any definable nucleic acid sequence) usually small non-mRNAs (snmRNAs). An example in support of the 'master gene' model for SINEs (short interspersed repetitive elements) is provided with neuronal BC1 RNA. Furthermore, an alternative explanation of LINE (long interspersed repetitive elements) involvement in the generation of SINEs is given. I will also argue that the status of transposable elements with respect to the host resembles more symbiosis than parasitiasis and that host defense is often lenient as if even to 'tolerate or support' retronuons. Finally the paradox of evolution's lack of foresight and the future exaptive use of retronuons is being dealt with by referring to W.F. Doolittle's 'Hierarchical Approaches to Genome Evolution'.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

• RNAs from all categories generate retrosequences that may be exapted as novel genes or regulatory elements.
  Brosius J. Brosius J. Gene. 1999 Sep 30;238(1):115-34. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00227-9. Gene. 1999. PMID: 10570990 Review.
• Short retroposons in eukaryotic genomes.
  Kramerov DA, Vassetzky NS. Kramerov DA, et al. Int Rev Cytol. 2005;247:165-221. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7696(05)47004-7. Int Rev Cytol. 2005. PMID: 16344113 Review.
• Reverse transcriptase: mediator of genomic plasticity.
  Brosius J, Tiedge H. Brosius J, et al. Virus Genes. 1995;11(2-3):163-79. doi: 10.1007/BF01728656. Virus Genes. 1995. PMID: 8828143 Review.
• SINEs.
  Kramerov DA, Vassetzky NS. Kramerov DA, et al. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2011 Nov-Dec;2(6):772-86. doi: 10.1002/wrna.91. Epub 2011 Jul 7. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2011. PMID: 21976282 Review.
• LINEs, SINEs and processed pseudogenes: parasitic strategies for genome modeling.
  Dewannieux M, Heidmann T. Dewannieux M, et al. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2005;110(1-4):35-48. doi: 10.1159/000084936. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2005. PMID: 16093656 Review.

Cited by

• Human endogenous retroviruses and the inflammatory response: A vicious circle associated with health and illness.
  Rangel SC, da Silva MD, da Silva AL, Dos Santos JMB, Neves LM, Pedrosa A, Rodrigues FM, Trettel CDS, Furtado GE, de Barros MP, Bachi ALL, Romano CM, Nali LHDS. Rangel SC, et al. Front Immunol. 2022 Nov 23;13:1057791. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057791. eCollection 2022. Front Immunol. 2022. PMID: 36518758 Free PMC article. Review.
• Comparative genome analysis of 52 fish species suggests differential associations of repetitive elements with their living aquatic environments.
  Yuan Z, Liu S, Zhou T, Tian C, Bao L, Dunham R, Liu Z. Yuan Z, et al. BMC Genomics. 2018 Feb 13;19(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4516-1. BMC Genomics. 2018. PMID: 29439662 Free PMC article.
• De-novo emergence of SINE retroposons during the early evolution of passerine birds.
  Suh A, Bachg S, Donnellan S, Joseph L, Brosius J, Kriegs JO, Schmitz J. Suh A, et al. Mob DNA. 2017 Dec 14;8:21. doi: 10.1186/s13100-017-0104-1. eCollection 2017. Mob DNA. 2017. PMID: 29255493 Free PMC article.
• Alternative Oxidase Gene Family in Hypericum perforatum L.: Characterization and Expression at the Post-germinative Phase.
  Velada I, Cardoso HG, Ragonezi C, Nogales A, Ferreira A, Valadas V, Arnholdt-Schmitt B. Velada I, et al. Front Plant Sci. 2016 Aug 11;7:1043. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01043. eCollection 2016. Front Plant Sci. 2016. PMID: 27563303 Free PMC article.
• Deep landscape update of dispersed and tandem repeats in the genome model of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus, using a series of de novo investigating tools.
  Guizard S, Piégu B, Arensburger P, Guillou F, Bigot Y. Guizard S, et al. BMC Genomics. 2016 Aug 19;17(1):659. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-3015-5. BMC Genomics. 2016. PMID: 27542599 Free PMC article.

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • Ovid Technologies, Inc.