Axon guidance at the midline of the developing CNS - PubMed (original) (raw)
Review
Axon guidance at the midline of the developing CNS
Z Kaprielian et al. Anat Rec. 2000.
Free article
Abstract
Bilaterally symmetric animals must be capable of transmitting information between the left and right sides of their body to integrate sensory input and to coordinate motor control. Thus, many neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) of a wide variety of higher organisms project so-called commissural axons across the midline. Interestingly, these axons are never observed to re-cross the midline. On the other hand, some neurons project axons that remain on their own (ipsilateral) side of the CNS, without ever crossing the midline. Recent studies demonstrate that specialized cells which reside at the ventral midline of the developing vertebrate spinal cord and Drosophila ventral nerve cord play critical roles in regulating the guidance of both crossing and non-crossing axons. For example, these cells secrete positively-acting guidance cues that attract commissural axons over long distances to the midline of the CNS. Furthermore, short-range interactions between guidance cues present on the surfaces of midline cells, and their receptors expressed on the surfaces of pathfinding axons, allow commissural axons to cross the midline and prevent ipsilaterally projecting axons from entering the midline. Remarkably, as commissural axons cross over to the opposite side of the CNS, the molecular composition of their surfaces is dynamically altered so that they become responsive to repulsive midline guidance cues that they had previously ignored. Thus, this exquisitely controlled guidance system prevents commissural axons from crossing the midline more than once. Strikingly, many of the molecular mechanisms that control midline guidance appear to be evolutionarily conserved.
Similar articles
- Sensory and spinal inhibitory dorsal midline crossing is independent of Robo3.
Comer JD, Pan FC, Willet SG, Haldipur P, Millen KJ, Wright CV, Kaltschmidt JA. Comer JD, et al. Front Neural Circuits. 2015 Jul 23;9:36. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2015.00036. eCollection 2015. Front Neural Circuits. 2015. PMID: 26257608 Free PMC article. - Axon guidance at the midline choice point.
Kaprielian Z, Runko E, Imondi R. Kaprielian Z, et al. Dev Dyn. 2001 Jun;221(2):154-81. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.1143. Dev Dyn. 2001. PMID: 11376484 Review. - Vertebrate spinal commissural neurons: a model system for studying axon guidance beyond the midline.
Martinez E, Tran TS. Martinez E, et al. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2015 May-Jun;4(3):283-97. doi: 10.1002/wdev.173. Epub 2015 Jan 23. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2015. PMID: 25619385 Review. - Planar cell polarity genes Frizzled3a, Vangl2, and Scribble are required for spinal commissural axon guidance.
Sun SD, Purdy AM, Walsh GS. Sun SD, et al. BMC Neurosci. 2016 Dec 12;17(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12868-016-0318-z. BMC Neurosci. 2016. PMID: 27955617 Free PMC article. - Ndfip Proteins Target Robo Receptors for Degradation and Allow Commissural Axons to Cross the Midline in the Developing Spinal Cord.
Gorla M, Santiago C, Chaudhari K, Layman AAK, Oliver PM, Bashaw GJ. Gorla M, et al. Cell Rep. 2019 Mar 19;26(12):3298-3312.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.080. Cell Rep. 2019. PMID: 30893602 Free PMC article.
Cited by
- Dorsal commissural axon guidance in the developing spinal cord.
Alvarez S, Varadarajan SG, Butler SJ. Alvarez S, et al. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2021;142:197-231. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2020.10.009. Epub 2020 Nov 19. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2021. PMID: 33706918 Free PMC article. Review. - Regeneration Rosetta: An Interactive Web Application To Explore Regeneration-Associated Gene Expression and Chromatin Accessibility.
Rau A, Dhara SP, Udvadia AJ, Auer PL. Rau A, et al. G3 (Bethesda). 2019 Dec 3;9(12):3953-3959. doi: 10.1534/g3.119.400729. G3 (Bethesda). 2019. PMID: 31575636 Free PMC article. - Development of piriform cortex interhemispheric connections via the anterior commissure: progressive and regressive strategies.
Martin-Lopez E, Meller SJ, Greer CA. Martin-Lopez E, et al. Brain Struct Funct. 2018 Dec;223(9):4067-4085. doi: 10.1007/s00429-018-1741-y. Epub 2018 Aug 24. Brain Struct Funct. 2018. PMID: 30141078 Free PMC article. - Sensory and spinal inhibitory dorsal midline crossing is independent of Robo3.
Comer JD, Pan FC, Willet SG, Haldipur P, Millen KJ, Wright CV, Kaltschmidt JA. Comer JD, et al. Front Neural Circuits. 2015 Jul 23;9:36. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2015.00036. eCollection 2015. Front Neural Circuits. 2015. PMID: 26257608 Free PMC article. - Cellular and molecular introduction to brain development.
Jiang X, Nardelli J. Jiang X, et al. Neurobiol Dis. 2016 Aug;92(Pt A):3-17. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.07.007. Epub 2015 Jul 13. Neurobiol Dis. 2016. PMID: 26184894 Free PMC article. Review.