Analysis of the frequencies of HLA-A, B, and C alleles and haplotypes in the five major ethnic groups of the United States reveals high levels of diversity in these loci and contrasting distribution patterns in these populations - PubMed (original) (raw)

Comparative Study

Analysis of the frequencies of HLA-A, B, and C alleles and haplotypes in the five major ethnic groups of the United States reveals high levels of diversity in these loci and contrasting distribution patterns in these populations

K Cao et al. Hum Immunol. 2001 Sep.

Abstract

The HLA system is the most polymorphic of all human genetic systems. The frequency of HLA class I alleles and their linkage disequilibrium patterns differ significantly among human populations as shown in studies using serologic methods. Many DNA-defined alleles with identical serotypes may have variable frequencies in different populations. We typed HLA-A, B, and C loci at the allele level by PCR-based methods in 1,296 unrelated subjects from five major outbred groups living in the U.S.A (African, AFAM; Caucasians, CAU; Asian, ORI; Hispanic, HIS, and North American Natives, NAI). We detected 46, 100 and 32 HLA-A, B, and C alleles, respectively. ORI and HIS presented more alleles at each of these loci. There was lack of correlation between the levels of heterozygosity and the number of alleles detected in each population. In AFAM, heterozygosity (>90%) is maximized at all class I loci. HLA-A had the lowest heterozygosity in all populations but CAU. Tight LD was observed between HLA-B and C alleles. AFAM had weaker or nonexistent associations between alleles of HLA-A and B than other populations. Analysis of the genetic distances between these and other populations showed a close relationship between specific US populations and a population from their original continents. ORI exhibited the largest genetic distance with all the other U.S. groups and were closer to NAI. Evidence of admixture with CAU was observed for AFAM and HIS. HIS also had significant frequencies of AFAM and Mexican Indian alleles. Differences in both LD and heterozygosity levels suggest distinct evolutionary histories of the HLA loci in the geographical regions from where the U.S. populations originated.

PubMed Disclaimer

Cited by

CD4:CD8 lymphocyte ratio as a quantitative measure of immunologic health in HIV-1 infection: findings from an African cohort with prospective data.
Tang J, Li X, Price MA, Sanders EJ, Anzala O, Karita E, Kamali A, Lakhi S, Allen S, Hunter E, Kaslow RA, Gilmour J. Tang J, et al. Front Microbiol. 2015 Jul 1;6:670. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00670. eCollection 2015. Front Microbiol. 2015. PMID: 26191056 Free PMC article.
Determination of HLA-A, -C, -B, -DRB1 allele and haplotype frequency in Japanese population based on family study.
Ikeda N, Kojima H, Nishikawa M, Hayashi K, Futagami T, Tsujino T, Kusunoki Y, Fujii N, Suegami S, Miyazaki Y, Middleton D, Tanaka H, Saji H. Ikeda N, et al. Tissue Antigens. 2015 Apr;85(4):252-9. doi: 10.1111/tan.12536. Epub 2015 Feb 27. Tissue Antigens. 2015. PMID: 25789826 Free PMC article.
Virus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses better define HIV disease progression than HLA genotype.
Dinges WL, Richardt J, Friedrich D, Jalbert E, Liu Y, Stevens CE, Maenza J, Collier AC, Geraghty DE, Smith J, Moodie Z, Mullins JI, McElrath MJ, Horton H. Dinges WL, et al. J Virol. 2010 May;84(9):4461-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02438-09. Epub 2010 Feb 10. J Virol. 2010. PMID: 20147397 Free PMC article.
Favorable and unfavorable HLA class I alleles and haplotypes in Zambians predominantly infected with clade C human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Tang J, Tang S, Lobashevsky E, Myracle AD, Fideli U, Aldrovandi G, Allen S, Musonda R, Kaslow RA; Zambia-UAB HIV Research Project. Tang J, et al. J Virol. 2002 Aug;76(16):8276-84. doi: 10.1128/jvi.76.16.8276-8284.2002. J Virol. 2002. PMID: 12134033 Free PMC article.
Localization of PSORS1 to a haplotype block harboring HLA-C and distinct from corneodesmosin and HCR.
Helms C, Saccone NL, Cao L, Daw JA, Cao K, Hsu TM, Taillon-Miller P, Duan S, Gordon D, Pierce B, Ott J, Rice J, Fernandez-Vina MA, Kwok PY, Menter A, Bowcock AM. Helms C, et al. Hum Genet. 2005 Dec;118(3-4):466-76. doi: 10.1007/s00439-005-0048-2. Epub 2005 Oct 19. Hum Genet. 2005. PMID: 16235096

Analysis of the frequencies of HLA-A, B, and C alleles and haplotypes in the five major ethnic groups of the United States reveals high levels of diversity in these loci and contrasting distribution patterns in these populations - PubMed (original) (raw)