Mutation rates in mammalian genomes - PubMed (original) (raw)

Figure 5

Accumulation of neutral substitutions over time (million years) in diverse mammalian species. The average distance per lineage is plotted for inter- and intraordinal comparisons by using, respectievely, molecular data-based (a) and fossil-based (b) time estimates reported previously. Linear regression produced a rate of 2.22 × 10−9 substitutions per site per year million years ago (r = 0.97, n = 43) for the molecular data and 2.61 × 10−9 substitutions per site per year (r = 0.92, n = 33) for the fossil data. The divergence time estimates (million years ago, Mya) from molecular data (, , –43)/fossil records (–46), and the number of fourfold sites/genes used were: human-chimpanzee (5.5/5.5, 6,302/33), human-gorilla (7/–, 3,605/23), human-orangutan (8/–, 4,329/30), chimpanzee-gorilla (7/–, 1,674/13), chimpanzee-orangutan (8/–, 1,497/10), gorilla-orangutan (8/–, 1,936/15), cercopithecidae-hylobatidae (23/20, 1,290/10), hominidae-hylobatidae (15/–, 2,321/19), cercopithecidae-hominidae (23/20, 38,128/231), catarrhini-platyrrhini (47/37, 8,194/54), cetacea-ruminantia (60/53, 955/8), cetacea-suina (60/53, 682/10), ruminantia-tylopoda (67/53, 736/5), ruminantia-suina (65/53, 30,063/204), bovinae-caprinae (20/20, 24,474/158), bovoidea-cervoidea (23/20, 1,765/16), canidae-felidae (46/37, 5,651/41), gerbillinae-cricetinae (66/–, 1,172/11), gerbillinae-murinae (66/–, 2,605/24), murinae-cricetinae (66/–, 52,043/264), mus-rattus (41/–, 486,306/2,139), primates-carnivora (95/–, 49,267/266), primates-cetartiodactyla (95/–, 179,032/985), primates-perissodactyla (95/–, 11,593/75), primates-lagomorpha (91/–, 54,670/260), primates-hystricognath rodents (109/–, 18,292/110), primates-sciurognath rodents (115/–, 543,962/2,708), cetartiodactyla-carnivora (83/–, 24,086/160), cetartiodactyla-perissodactyla (83/–, 9,188/75), cetartiodactyla-lagomorpha (92/–, 30,465/175), cetartiodactyla-hystricognath rodents (109/–, 10,227/72), cetartiodactyla-sciurognath rodents (115/–, 119,345/756), carnivora-perissodactyla (74/–, 5,364/44), carnivora-lagomorpha (92/–, 9,498/58), carnivora-hystricognath rodents (109/–, 4,986/31), carnivora-sciurognath rodents (115/–, 28,644/191), perissodactyla-lagomorpha (92/–, 4,131/34), perissodactyla-hystricognath rodents (109/–, 1,779/18), perissodactyla-sciurognath rodents (115/–, 7,843/60), hystricognath rodents-lagomorpha (109/–, 5,447/36), hystricognath-sciurognath rodents (115/–, 19,930/123), sciurognath rodents-lagomorpha (112/–, 36,672/219). In the above, a dash indicates the absence of information.