The atrial natriuretic peptide regulates the production of inflammatory mediators in macrophages - PubMed (original) (raw)

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The atrial natriuretic peptide regulates the production of inflammatory mediators in macrophages

A K Kiemer et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001 Nov.

Abstract

The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a member of the natriuretic peptide family, is a cardiovascular hormone which possesses well defined natriuretic, diuretic, and vasodilating properties. Most of the biological effects of ANP aremediated through its guanylyl cyclase coupled A receptor. Because ANP and its receptors have been shown to be expressed and differentially regulated in the immune system, it has been suggested that ANP has an immunomodulatory potency. Much investigation of the effects of ANP on the activation of macrophages has been carried out. ANP was shown to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in macrophages in an autocrine fashion. ANP in this context was shown to reduce significantly the activation of NF-kappaB and to destabilise iNOS mRNA. ANP, furthermore, can significantly reduce the LPS-induced secretion of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in macrophages. The relevance of these findings on a regulatory role for ANP on TNFalpha in humans was shown by the fact that ANP significantly reduces the release of TNFalpha in whole human blood. It was furthermore shown to attenuate the release of interleukin 1beta (IL1beta). Interestingly, ANP did not affect the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10 and IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1ra). In summary, ANP was shown to reduce the secretion of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. Therefore, this cardiovascular hormone may possess anti-inflammatory potential.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR). The guanylyl cyclases, NPR-A and NPR-B, contain an extracellular ligand binding domain. NPR-A binds ANP and BNP, whereas NPR-B binds CNP. NPR-C has the potency to internalise and clear the natriuretic peptides and exerts other biological effects by inhibiting the production of cAMP.

Figure 2

Figure 2

The inhibitory action of ANP on the induction of iNOS. The LPS induction of iNOS is inhibited by ANP through binding to the NPR-A. The inhibitory action involves the destabilisation of iNOS mRNA and inhibition of the activation of NF-κB.

Figure 3

Figure 3

The inhibitory action of ANP on the induction of TNFα. The LPS-induced expression of TNFα is inhibited by ANP through binding to the NPR-A. The inhibitory action involves transcriptional processes with a reduced activation of NF-κB and AP1.

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