Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: effects on normal mammary gland in humans and in a mouse postmenopausal model - PubMed (original) (raw)

Review

Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: effects on normal mammary gland in humans and in a mouse postmenopausal model

Sandra Z Haslam et al. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2002 Jan.

Abstract

Endogenous estrogen exposure has long been implicated in the causation of breast cancer through a mechanism of epithelial cell proliferation. Whether estrogen, progesterone, or both exhibit mitogenic activity and promote carcinogenesis in the human breast has been the subject of considerable debate. The purpose of this review article is to examine the evidence for the effects of hormone replacement therapy in its various forms on the biology of the postmenopausal breast both in humans and in an animal model, and to identify the gaps in knowledge that research will need to address to further understand this complex issue.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

1. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 1998 Jan;3(1):49-61 - PubMed
1. JAMA. 2001 Mar 21;285(11):1460-5 - PubMed
1. Maturitas. 1996 Aug;25(1):51-7 - PubMed
1. BMJ. 1989 Jan 21;298(6667):147-51 - PubMed
1. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1996;40(2):187-96 - PubMed

Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: effects on normal mammary gland in humans and in a mouse postmenopausal model - PubMed (original) (raw)