Two novel presenilin-1 mutations (Y256S and Q222H) are associated with early-onset Alzheimer's disease - PubMed (original) (raw)

Case Reports

doi: 10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00192-6.

Kevin Taddei, Domizio Suva, Giuseppe Verdile, Justin Fonte, Christopher Fisher, Anastazija Gnjec, Joseph Ghika, Françoise Suard, Pankaj D Mehta, Catriona A McLean, Colin L Masters, William S Brooks, Ralph N Martins

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Case Reports

Two novel presenilin-1 mutations (Y256S and Q222H) are associated with early-onset Alzheimer's disease

Judith Miklossy et al. Neurobiol Aging. 2003 Sep.

Abstract

Mutations in the gene encoding presenilin 1 (PS-1) account for 50% of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD) cases. In this study, we identified two missense mutations in the coding sequence of the presenilin (PS-1) gene in two EOFAD pedigrees. AD was confirmed in one pedigree by autopsy. Mutation analysis of PCR products amplified from genomic DNA templates showed two novel PS-1 mutations resulting in Gln222His and Tyr256Ser. The two novel mutations are located within predicted transmembrane domains five (TM-5) and six (TM-6), respectively, and are associated with very early ages of onset. The Tyr256Ser is associated with one of the youngest age of AD onset, 25 years, which is consistent with a drastic change in function of the altered PS-1 protein. A morphometric analysis of the cortical degenerative changes of the Tyr256Ser case, showed severe involvement of the primary motor cortex, which correlated well with the pyramidal changes, including tetraspasticity. Immunoblot analysis showed the Tyr256Ser case had the greatest expression of Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42), which was confirmed by ELISA, compared to other PS-1 mutant FAD cases and age-matched controls and, thus, contributes to the severity of the disease pathology.

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