Prenatal exposure to influenza does not cause schizophrenia - PubMed (original) (raw)
Prenatal exposure to influenza does not cause schizophrenia
T J Crow et al. Br J Psychiatry. 1992 Sep.
Abstract
Claims have been made that maternal infection with influenza during pregnancy is a cause of schizophrenia in the child. These assertions are based upon some apparently significant associations between the timing of influenza epidemics in the general population and birth rates of people who later suffered from schizophrenia. Such associations have not been present in studies of the 1919 and 1957 epidemics, with sample sizes larger than those on which the claims were made. More decisively, in an investigation of the subsequent psychiatric admissions of people born a few months after the 1957 epidemic, it was found that the children of 945 mothers who actually suffered from influenza during the second trimester of pregnancy were at no greater risk of developing schizophrenia than children of mothers who were not infected. In contrast to the predictions of the influenza hypothesis of 26.5 extra cases by broad diagnostic criteria and 15.8 cases by narrow criteria, the numbers observed in children of mothers exposed to influenza in the second trimester were 3 and 1 cases respectively, close to the expected rate. It is concluded that prenatal influenza and schizophrenia are unrelated.
Similar articles
- Prenatal influenza infections and adult schizophrenia.
Mednick SA, Huttunen MO, Machón RA. Mednick SA, et al. Schizophr Bull. 1994;20(2):263-7. doi: 10.1093/schbul/20.2.263. Schizophr Bull. 1994. PMID: 8085130 - Exposure to influenza epidemics during gestation and adult schizophrenia. A 40-year study.
Barr CE, Mednick SA, Munk-Jorgensen P. Barr CE, et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990 Sep;47(9):869-74. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810210077012. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990. PMID: 2393346 - Schizophrenia and the influenza epidemics of 1957 in Japan.
Izumoto Y, Inoue S, Yasuda N. Izumoto Y, et al. Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Jul 1;46(1):119-24. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00359-x. Biol Psychiatry. 1999. PMID: 10394481 - Does influenza cause schizophrenia? A five year review.
McGrath J, Castle D. McGrath J, et al. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1995 Mar;29(1):23-31. doi: 10.3109/00048679509075888. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1995. PMID: 7625972 Review. - Prenatal exposure to influenza and the risk of subsequent development of schizophrenia.
Ebert T, Kotler M. Ebert T, et al. Isr Med Assoc J. 2005 Jan;7(1):35-8. Isr Med Assoc J. 2005. PMID: 15658144 Review.
Cited by
- Serological Responses to Influenza Vaccination during Pregnancy.
Vazquez-Pagan A, Schultz-Cherry S. Vazquez-Pagan A, et al. Microorganisms. 2021 Nov 6;9(11):2305. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9112305. Microorganisms. 2021. PMID: 34835431 Free PMC article. Review. - Maternal inflammation during pregnancy and offspring psychiatric symptoms in childhood: Timing and sex matter.
Mac Giollabhui N, Breen EC, Murphy SK, Maxwell SD, Cohn BA, Krigbaum NY, Cirillo PM, Perez C, Alloy LB, Drabick DAG, Ellman LM. Mac Giollabhui N, et al. J Psychiatr Res. 2019 Apr;111:96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.009. Epub 2019 Jan 10. J Psychiatr Res. 2019. PMID: 30690329 Free PMC article. - Cytokines and the neurodevelopmental basis of mental illness.
Ratnayake U, Quinn T, Walker DW, Dickinson H. Ratnayake U, et al. Front Neurosci. 2013 Oct 17;7:180. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00180. Front Neurosci. 2013. PMID: 24146637 Free PMC article. Review. - A Novel Model of Schizophrenia Age-of-Onset Data Challenges the Conventional Interpretations of the Discordance in Monozygote Twin Studies.
Kramer I, Hong LE. Kramer I, et al. ISRN Psychiatry. 2013 Aug 21;2013:604587. doi: 10.1155/2013/604587. eCollection 2013. ISRN Psychiatry. 2013. PMID: 24027651 Free PMC article. - PRENATAL INFECTION, MATERNAL IMMUNE ACTIVATION, AND RISK FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Canetta SE, Brown AS. Canetta SE, et al. Transl Neurosci. 2012 Dec 1;3(4):320-327. doi: 10.2478/s13380-012-0045-6. Transl Neurosci. 2012. PMID: 23956839 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Medical